exception/user_defined_exception_class.cpp

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <memory>
using std::cin, std::cout, std::string;

class ArrayException
{
    const char *info;

public:
    ArrayException(const char *what) : info{what}
    {
    }
    void print() const
    {
        std::cout << info << '\n';
    }
};

class IntArray
{
    int data[10];

public:
    int &operator[](int index)
    {
        if (index < 0 || index >= 10)
            throw ArrayException{"下标越界"};
        return data[index];
    }
};

int main()
{
    try
    {
        IntArray array{};
        array[10] = 5;
    }
    catch (const ArrayException &exception)
    {
        exception.print();
    }
}