-- (1) 比较条件查询: 需求: 查询所有借阅日期早于2024年1月1日的借阅记录,返回借阅ID、读者ID、图书ID和借阅日期。   SELECT loan_id, reader_id, book_id, loan_dateFROM LoanRecordWHERE loan_date < '2024-01-01'; -- (2) 需求: 查询借阅超过30天的图书借阅记录,返回借阅ID、读者ID、图书ID、借阅日期和应还日期。   SELECT loan_id, reader_id, book_id, loan_date, due_dateFROM LoanRecordWHERE DATEDIFF(CURRENT_DATE, loan_date) > 30; -- (3) 需求:查询借书次数超过5次的读者姓名 SELECT R.reader_name FROM Reader R JOIN Loan L ON R.reader_id = L.reader_id GROUP BY R.reader_name HAVING COUNT(L.loan_id) > 5; -- (4)需求:查询借阅日期在2023年之后的所有图书标题 SELECT B.book_title FROM Book B JOIN Loan L ON B.book_id = L.book_id WHERE L.loan_date > '2023-01-01'; -- (5) 集合比较查询: 需求: 查询所有节约过的图书ID和标题,且这些图书至少被两位不同的读者借阅过。   SELECT B.book_id, B.book_title   FROM Book B   JOIN Loan L ON B.book_id = L.book_id   GROUP BY B.book_id HAVING COUNT(DISTINCT L.reader_id) > 1; -- (6)需求:查询所有曾经借阅过数学类图书的学生姓名 SELECT DISTINCT R.reader_name FROM Reader R JOIN Loan L ON R.reader_id = L.reader_id JOIN Book B ON L.book_id = B.book_id WHERE B.book_type = '数学' AND R.reader_type = '学生'; -- (7)范围比较查询:需求:查询借阅时长在30天以上的所有借阅记录   SELECT L.loan_id, R.reader_name, B.book_title, DATEDIFF(L.return_date, L.loan_date) AS loan_duration   FROM Loan L   JOIN Reader R ON L.reader_id = R.reader_id   JOIN Book B ON L.book_id = B.book_id   WHERE DATEDIFF(L.return_date, L.loan_date) > 30; -- (8)需求:查询借阅期限为20到60天的图书 SELECT L.loan_id, R.reader_name, B.book_title FROM Loan L JOIN Reader R ON L.reader_id = R.reader_id JOIN Book B ON L.book_id = B.book_id WHERE DATEDIFF(L.return_date, L.loan_date) BETWEEN 20 AND 60; -- (9)字符串相似比较:需求:查询标题中包含“数据”的所有图书信息 SELECT B.book_id, B.book_title, B.author FROM Book B WHERE B.book_title LIKE '%数据%'; -- (10)需求:查询所有以“王”字为开头的读者姓名 SELECT R.reader_name FROM Reader R WHERE R.reader_name LIKE '王%'; -- (11)多表连接查询: 需求:查询每位读者借阅的所有图书标题及借阅日期 SELECT R.reader_name, B.book_title, L.loan_date FROM Loan L JOIN Reader R ON L.reader_id = R.reader_id JOIN Book B ON L.book_id = B.book_id; -- (12)需求:查询每位教师的借阅规则,包括借阅数量、借阅期限。 SELECT R.reader_name, RLR.max_books, RLR.loan_duration, RLR.max_renewals FROM Reader R JOIN ReaderLoanRules RLR ON R.reader_id = RLR.reader_id WHERE R.reader_type = '教师'; -- (12)嵌套查询:需求:查询借阅超过3本书的学生姓名。 SELECT R.reader_name FROM Reader R WHERE R.reader_type = '学生' AND R.reader_id IN ( SELECT L.reader_id FROM Loan L GROUP BY L.reader_id HAVING COUNT(L.loan_id) > 3 ); -- (13)需求:查询借阅最多图书的读者姓名和借阅的图书数量 SELECT R.reader_name, (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM Loan L WHERE L.reader_id = R.reader_id) AS book_count FROM Reader R ORDER BY book_count DESC LIMIT 1; -- (14)EXISTS查询:需求:查询至少借阅一本书的学生姓名 SELECT R.reader_name FROM Reader R WHERE R.reader_type = '学生' AND EXISTS ( SELECT 1 FROM Loan L WHERE L.reader_id = R.reader_id ); -- (15)需求:查询所有借阅过“计算机”类图书的教师姓名 SELECT R.reader_name FROM Reader R WHERE R.reader_type = '教师' AND EXISTS ( SELECT 1 FROM Loan L JOIN Book B ON L.book_id = B.book_id WHERE L.reader_id = R.reader_id AND B.book_type = '计算机' ); -- (16)排序和分组:需求:查询借阅每个图书类别的借阅次数最多的图书 SELECT B.book_title, B.book_type, COUNT(L.loan_id) AS loan_count FROM Loan L JOIN Book B ON L.book_id = B.book_id GROUP BY B.book_type, B.book_title ORDER BY loan_count DESC LIMIT 1; -- (17)需求:查询每月借阅次数最多的读者姓名 SELECT R.reader_name, COUNT(L.loan_id) AS loan_count FROM Loan L JOIN Reader R ON L.reader_id = R.reader_id WHERE YEAR(L.loan_date) = 2023 GROUP BY MONTH(L.loan_date), R.reader_name ORDER BY loan_count DESC; -- (18)需求:查询某本书是否被预约 SELECT EXISTS ( SELECT 1 FROM ReservationRecord WHERE book_id = 1 ) AS is_reserved; -- (19)需求:查询未被预约的图书信息 SELECT book_id, book_name, author FROM Book WHERE book_id NOT IN (SELECT book_id FROM ReservationRecord); -- (20)需求:查询借阅记录中,归还日期晚于应还日期的记录 SELECT loan_id, reader_id, book_id, loan_date, return_date FROM LoanRecord WHERE return_date > due_date; -- 数据更新 -- -- 更新需求 1: 更新借阅记录的归还日期   UPDATE LoanRecord   SET return_date = '2024-12-20' WHERE reader_id = 1 AND return_date IS NULL; -- 更新需求 2:更新图书的借阅状态为已借出   UPDATE Book   SET status = '已借出' WHERE book_id = 101; -- 更新需求 3: 更新读者的联系方式   UPDATE Reader   SET contact_info = '123-456-7890'   WHERE reader_id = 5; -- 更新需求 4: 更新罚款金额上限   UPDATE FineRecord   SET fine_amount = 100   WHERE fine_amount > 100; -- 更新需求 5: 更新图书分类为“编程语言”   UPDATE Book   SET category_id = (SELECT category_id FROM BookCategory WHERE category_name = '编程语言')   WHERE category_id = (SELECT category_id FROM BookCategory WHERE category_name = '计算机科学'); -- 更新需求 6: 更新借阅记录的应归还日期   UPDATE LoanRecord   SET due_date = DATE_ADD(due_date, INTERVAL 10 DAY)   WHERE loan_id = 123; -- 更新需求 7: 更新图书的出版日期   UPDATE Book   SET publish_date = '2024-01-01'   WHERE book_id = 201; -- 更新需求 8: 更改借阅记录的图书名称(若图书名称发生更改)   UPDATE LoanRecord L   JOIN Book B ON L.book_id = B.book_id   SET B.book_name = '高级编程'   WHERE B.book_id = 50; -- 更新需求 9: 更新图书评论中的评分   UPDATE BookReview   SET rating = 4   WHERE book_id = 200; -- 更新需求 10: 更新读者借阅约状态为“冻结”   UPDATE Reader   SET status = '冻结'   WHERE reader_id = 3; -- 数据删除 -- -- 删除需求 1: 删除过期预约记录   DELETE FROM ReservationRecord   WHERE reservation_date < '2024-01-01'; -- 删除需求 2: 删除图书类别为“小说”的所有图书   DELETE FROM Book   WHERE category_id = (SELECT category_id FROM BookCategory WHERE category_name = '小说'); -- 删除需求 3: 删除某个读者的所有借阅记录   DELETE FROM LoanRecord   WHERE reader_id = 7; -- 删除需求 4: 删除已归还的借阅记录   DELETE FROM LoanRecord   WHERE return_date IS NOT NULL; -- 删除需求 5: 删除没有罚款记录的读者   DELETE FROM Reader   WHERE reader_id NOT IN (SELECT DISTINCT reader_id FROM FineRecord); -- 删除需求 6: 删除借阅次数信号过2次的读者借阅记录   DELETE FROM ReservationRecord   WHERE reader_id IN ( SELECT reader_id FROM LoanRecord GROUP BY reader_id HAVING COUNT(loan_id) > 2 ); -- 删除需求 7: 删除图书归还超过30天的借阅记录   DELETE FROM LoanRecord   WHERE DATEDIFF(CURRENT_DATE, return_date) > 30; -- 删除需求 8: 删除过期的罚款记录   DELETE FROM FineRecord   WHERE fine_date < '2023-12-31'; -- 删除需求 9: 删除所有失效的读者记录(失效是指没有借阅历史的读者)   DELETE FROM Reader   WHERE reader_id NOT IN (SELECT DISTINCT reader_id FROM LoanRecord); -- 删除需求 10: 删除无效的销售记录   DELETE FROM sales_records WHERE amount = 0;