import csv
import json
import os
import sqlite3
from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
from datetime import date
from typing import List, Optional, Union


# 学生类定义
class Student:
    def __init__(self,
                 name: str,
                 id_card: str,
                 stu_id: str,
                 gender: Optional[bool] = None,
                 height: Optional[int] = None,
                 weight: Optional[float] = None,
                 enrollment_date: Optional[Union[date, str]] = None,
                 class_name: Optional[str] = None,
                 major: str = None):
        self.name = name
        self.id_card = id_card
        self.stu_id = stu_id
        self.gender = gender
        self.height = height
        self.weight = weight
        if isinstance(enrollment_date, str):
            self.enrollment_date = date.fromisoformat(enrollment_date)
        else:
            self.enrollment_date = enrollment_date
        self.class_name = class_name
        self.major = major
        self.age, self.birthday = self._calculate_age_and_birthday()
        self._validation_errors = []
        self._validate_all()

    def _calculate_age_and_birthday(self):
        birth_year = int(self.id_card[6:10])
        birth_month = int(self.id_card[10:12])
        birth_day = int(self.id_card[12:14])
        birthday = date(birth_year, birth_month, birth_day)
        today = date.today()
        age = today.year - birth_year
        if (today.month, today.day) < (birth_month, birth_day):
            age -= 1
        return age, birthday

    def _validate_all(self):
        self._validate_id_card()
        self._validate_stu_id()
        self._validate_name()
        self._validate_enrollment_date()
        self._validate_height()
        self._validate_weight()

    def _validate_id_card(self):
        if len(self.id_card) != 18:
            self._validation_errors.append("身份证号必须为18位")
        # 简单的校验位验证，可根据国家标准完善
        try:
            int(self.id_card[:17])
        except ValueError:
            self._validation_errors.append("身份证号前17位必须为数字")

    def _validate_stu_id(self):
        if not self.stu_id:
            self._validation_errors.append("学号不能为空")

    def _validate_name(self):
        if not (2 <= len(self.name) <= 20):
            self._validation_errors.append("姓名长度需在2-20个字符之间")
        if any(char.isdigit() or not char.isalpha() for char in self.name):
            self._validation_errors.append("姓名不能包含数字和特殊符号")

    def _validate_enrollment_date(self):
        if self.enrollment_date and self.enrollment_date < self.birthday:
            self._validation_errors.append("入学日期不能早于出生日期")

    def _validate_height(self):
        if self.height is not None and not (50 <= self.height <= 250):
            self._validation_errors.append("身高需在50-250cm之间")

    def _validate_weight(self):
        if self.weight is not None and not (5 <= self.weight <= 300):
            self._validation_errors.append("体重需在5-300kg之间")

    @property
    def is_valid(self):
        return len(self._validation_errors) == 0

    def get_errors(self):
        return self._validation_errors.copy()

    def to_dict(self):
        return {
            'name': self.name,
            'id_card': self.id_card,
            'stu_id': self.stu_id,
            'gender': self.gender,
            'height': self.height,
            'weight': self.weight,
            'enrollment_date': self.enrollment_date.isoformat() if self.enrollment_date else None,
            'class_name': self.class_name,
            'major': self.major,
            'age': self.age,
            'birthday': self.birthday.isoformat()
        }

    @classmethod
    def from_dict(cls, data):
        return cls(
            name=data['name'],
            id_card=data['id_card'],
            stu_id=data['stu_id'],
            gender=data['gender'],
            height=data['height'],
            weight=data['weight'],
            enrollment_date=data['enrollment_date'],
            class_name=data['class_name'],
            major=data['major']
        )