|
|
from datetime import date, datetime
|
|
|
from typing import Optional, Union
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
class Student:
|
|
|
"""学生实体类，包含学生的基本信息和相关属性"""
|
|
|
|
|
|
def __init__(self,
|
|
|
name: str, # 姓名，非空字符串
|
|
|
id_card: str, # 身份证号, 唯一标识学生，非空字符串
|
|
|
stu_id: str, # 学号, 唯一标识学生，非空字符串
|
|
|
gender: Optional[bool] = None, # 性别，True为男，False为女
|
|
|
height: Optional[int] = None, # 身高, 单位为cm
|
|
|
weight: Optional[float] = None, # 体重, 单位为kg,小数点后一位
|
|
|
enrollment_date: Optional[Union[date, str]] = None, # 入学日期
|
|
|
class_name: Optional[str] = None, # 班级名称
|
|
|
major: Optional[str] = None, # 专业名称
|
|
|
email: Optional[str] = None, # 电子邮箱
|
|
|
phone: Optional[str] = None # 联系电话
|
|
|
):
|
|
|
# 基本信息
|
|
|
self.name = name
|
|
|
self.id_card = id_card
|
|
|
self.stu_id = stu_id
|
|
|
self.gender = gender
|
|
|
self.height = height
|
|
|
self.weight = weight
|
|
|
self.enrollment_date = enrollment_date
|
|
|
self.class_name = class_name
|
|
|
self.major = major
|
|
|
self.email = email
|
|
|
self.phone = phone
|
|
|
|
|
|
# 从身份证号码派生的属性
|
|
|
self._age = None
|
|
|
self._birthday = None
|
|
|
self._parse_id_card()
|
|
|
|
|
|
def _parse_id_card(self):
|
|
|
"""从身份证号码中提取出生日期和计算年龄"""
|
|
|
if not self.id_card or len(self.id_card) != 18:
|
|
|
return
|
|
|
|
|
|
try:
|
|
|
# 提取出生日期
|
|
|
birth_date_str = self.id_card[6:14]
|
|
|
self._birthday = datetime.strptime(birth_date_str, '%Y%m%d').date()
|
|
|
|
|
|
# 计算年龄
|
|
|
today = date.today()
|
|
|
self._age = today.year - self._birthday.year - (
|
|
|
(today.month, today.day) < (self._birthday.month, self._birthday.day))
|
|
|
|
|
|
# 从身份证第17位判断性别
|
|
|
if self.gender is None:
|
|
|
gender_digit = int(self.id_card[16])
|
|
|
self.gender = gender_digit % 2 == 1 # 奇数为男，偶数为女
|
|
|
|
|
|
except ValueError:
|
|
|
# 身份证号码格式错误
|
|
|
pass
|
|
|
|
|
|
@property
|
|
|
def age(self) -> int:
|
|
|
"""获取计算得到的年龄"""
|
|
|
return self._age
|
|
|
|
|
|
@property
|
|
|
def birthday(self) -> date:
|
|
|
"""获取从身份证提取的出生日期"""
|
|
|
return self._birthday
|
|
|
|
|
|
def to_dict(self) -> dict:
|
|
|
"""将学生对象转换为字典格式"""
|
|
|
return {
|
|
|
'name': self.name,
|
|
|
'id_card': self.id_card,
|
|
|
'stu_id': self.stu_id,
|
|
|
'gender': self.gender,
|
|
|
'height': self.height,
|
|
|
'weight': self.weight,
|
|
|
'enrollment_date': str(self.enrollment_date) if self.enrollment_date else None,
|
|
|
'class_name': self.class_name,
|
|
|
'major': self.major,
|
|
|
'email': self.email,
|
|
|
'phone': self.phone,
|
|
|
'age': self.age,
|
|
|
'birthday': str(self.birthday) if self.birthday else None
|
|
|
} |
