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<h1 class="fqn"><span class="in-band">Constant <a href="../index.html">os</a>::<wbr><a href="index.html">batch</a>::<wbr><a class="constant" href="#">APP_BASE_ADDRESS</a><button id="copy-path" onclick="copy_path(this)" title="Copy item path to clipboard"><img src="../../clipboard.svg" width="19" height="18" alt="Copy item path"></button></span></h1><span class="out-of-band"><a class="srclink" href="../../src/os/batch.rs.html#9" title="goto source code">source</a> · <a id="toggle-all-docs" href="javascript:void(0)" title="collapse all docs">[<span class="inner">&#x2212;</span>]</a></span></div><div class="docblock item-decl"><pre class="rust const"><code>const APP_BASE_ADDRESS: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.usize.html">usize</a> = 0x80400000;</code></pre></div></section><section id="search" class="content hidden"></section></div></main><div id="rustdoc-vars" data-root-path="../../" data-current-crate="os" data-themes="ayu,dark,light" data-resource-suffix="" data-rustdoc-version="1.60.0-nightly (9ad5d82f8 2022-01-18)" ></div>
<h1 class="fqn"><span class="in-band">Constant <a href="../index.html">os</a>::<wbr><a href="index.html">batch</a>::<wbr><a class="constant" href="#">APP_BASE_ADDRESS</a><button id="copy-path" onclick="copy_path(this)" title="Copy item path to clipboard"><img src="../../clipboard.svg" width="19" height="18" alt="Copy item path"></button></span></h1><span class="out-of-band"><a class="srclink" href="../../src/os/batch.rs.html#11" title="goto source code">source</a> · <a id="toggle-all-docs" href="javascript:void(0)" title="collapse all docs">[<span class="inner">&#x2212;</span>]</a></span></div><div class="docblock item-decl"><pre class="rust const"><code>const APP_BASE_ADDRESS: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.usize.html">usize</a> = 0x80400000;</code></pre></div></section><section id="search" class="content hidden"></section></div></main><div id="rustdoc-vars" data-root-path="../../" data-current-crate="os" data-themes="ayu,dark,light" data-resource-suffix="" data-rustdoc-version="1.60.0-nightly (9ad5d82f8 2022-01-18)" ></div>
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<h1 class="fqn"><span class="in-band">Constant <a href="../index.html">os</a>::<wbr><a href="index.html">batch</a>::<wbr><a class="constant" href="#">APP_SIZE_LIMIT</a><button id="copy-path" onclick="copy_path(this)" title="Copy item path to clipboard"><img src="../../clipboard.svg" width="19" height="18" alt="Copy item path"></button></span></h1><span class="out-of-band"><a class="srclink" href="../../src/os/batch.rs.html#10" title="goto source code">source</a> · <a id="toggle-all-docs" href="javascript:void(0)" title="collapse all docs">[<span class="inner">&#x2212;</span>]</a></span></div><div class="docblock item-decl"><pre class="rust const"><code>const APP_SIZE_LIMIT: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.usize.html">usize</a> = 0x20000;</code></pre></div></section><section id="search" class="content hidden"></section></div></main><div id="rustdoc-vars" data-root-path="../../" data-current-crate="os" data-themes="ayu,dark,light" data-resource-suffix="" data-rustdoc-version="1.60.0-nightly (9ad5d82f8 2022-01-18)" ></div>
<h1 class="fqn"><span class="in-band">Constant <a href="../index.html">os</a>::<wbr><a href="index.html">batch</a>::<wbr><a class="constant" href="#">APP_SIZE_LIMIT</a><button id="copy-path" onclick="copy_path(this)" title="Copy item path to clipboard"><img src="../../clipboard.svg" width="19" height="18" alt="Copy item path"></button></span></h1><span class="out-of-band"><a class="srclink" href="../../src/os/batch.rs.html#12" title="goto source code">source</a> · <a id="toggle-all-docs" href="javascript:void(0)" title="collapse all docs">[<span class="inner">&#x2212;</span>]</a></span></div><div class="docblock item-decl"><pre class="rust const"><code>const APP_SIZE_LIMIT: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.usize.html">usize</a> = 0x20000;</code></pre></div></section><section id="search" class="content hidden"></section></div></main><div id="rustdoc-vars" data-root-path="../../" data-current-crate="os" data-themes="ayu,dark,light" data-resource-suffix="" data-rustdoc-version="1.60.0-nightly (9ad5d82f8 2022-01-18)" ></div>
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<h1 class="fqn"><span class="in-band">Constant <a href="../index.html">os</a>::<wbr><a href="index.html">batch</a>::<wbr><a class="constant" href="#">KERNEL_STACK_SIZE</a><button id="copy-path" onclick="copy_path(this)" title="Copy item path to clipboard"><img src="../../clipboard.svg" width="19" height="18" alt="Copy item path"></button></span></h1><span class="out-of-band"><a class="srclink" href="../../src/os/batch.rs.html#7" title="goto source code">source</a> · <a id="toggle-all-docs" href="javascript:void(0)" title="collapse all docs">[<span class="inner">&#x2212;</span>]</a></span></div><div class="docblock item-decl"><pre class="rust const"><code>const KERNEL_STACK_SIZE: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.usize.html">usize</a> = 4096 * 2; // 0x0000_0000_0000_2000usize</code></pre></div></section><section id="search" class="content hidden"></section></div></main><div id="rustdoc-vars" data-root-path="../../" data-current-crate="os" data-themes="ayu,dark,light" data-resource-suffix="" data-rustdoc-version="1.60.0-nightly (9ad5d82f8 2022-01-18)" ></div>
<h1 class="fqn"><span class="in-band">Constant <a href="../index.html">os</a>::<wbr><a href="index.html">batch</a>::<wbr><a class="constant" href="#">KERNEL_STACK_SIZE</a><button id="copy-path" onclick="copy_path(this)" title="Copy item path to clipboard"><img src="../../clipboard.svg" width="19" height="18" alt="Copy item path"></button></span></h1><span class="out-of-band"><a class="srclink" href="../../src/os/batch.rs.html#9" title="goto source code">source</a> · <a id="toggle-all-docs" href="javascript:void(0)" title="collapse all docs">[<span class="inner">&#x2212;</span>]</a></span></div><div class="docblock item-decl"><pre class="rust const"><code>const KERNEL_STACK_SIZE: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.usize.html">usize</a> = 4096 * 2; // 0x0000_0000_0000_2000usize</code></pre></div></section><section id="search" class="content hidden"></section></div></main><div id="rustdoc-vars" data-root-path="../../" data-current-crate="os" data-themes="ayu,dark,light" data-resource-suffix="" data-rustdoc-version="1.60.0-nightly (9ad5d82f8 2022-01-18)" ></div>
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<h1 class="fqn"><span class="in-band">Constant <a href="../index.html">os</a>::<wbr><a href="index.html">batch</a>::<wbr><a class="constant" href="#">MAX_APP_NUM</a><button id="copy-path" onclick="copy_path(this)" title="Copy item path to clipboard"><img src="../../clipboard.svg" width="19" height="18" alt="Copy item path"></button></span></h1><span class="out-of-band"><a class="srclink" href="../../src/os/batch.rs.html#8" title="goto source code">source</a> · <a id="toggle-all-docs" href="javascript:void(0)" title="collapse all docs">[<span class="inner">&#x2212;</span>]</a></span></div><div class="docblock item-decl"><pre class="rust const"><code>const MAX_APP_NUM: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.usize.html">usize</a> = 16;</code></pre></div></section><section id="search" class="content hidden"></section></div></main><div id="rustdoc-vars" data-root-path="../../" data-current-crate="os" data-themes="ayu,dark,light" data-resource-suffix="" data-rustdoc-version="1.60.0-nightly (9ad5d82f8 2022-01-18)" ></div>
<h1 class="fqn"><span class="in-band">Constant <a href="../index.html">os</a>::<wbr><a href="index.html">batch</a>::<wbr><a class="constant" href="#">MAX_APP_NUM</a><button id="copy-path" onclick="copy_path(this)" title="Copy item path to clipboard"><img src="../../clipboard.svg" width="19" height="18" alt="Copy item path"></button></span></h1><span class="out-of-band"><a class="srclink" href="../../src/os/batch.rs.html#10" title="goto source code">source</a> · <a id="toggle-all-docs" href="javascript:void(0)" title="collapse all docs">[<span class="inner">&#x2212;</span>]</a></span></div><div class="docblock item-decl"><pre class="rust const"><code>const MAX_APP_NUM: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.usize.html">usize</a> = 16;</code></pre></div></section><section id="search" class="content hidden"></section></div></main><div id="rustdoc-vars" data-root-path="../../" data-current-crate="os" data-themes="ayu,dark,light" data-resource-suffix="" data-rustdoc-version="1.60.0-nightly (9ad5d82f8 2022-01-18)" ></div>
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<h1 class="fqn"><span class="in-band">Constant <a href="../index.html">os</a>::<wbr><a href="index.html">batch</a>::<wbr><a class="constant" href="#">USER_STACK_SIZE</a><button id="copy-path" onclick="copy_path(this)" title="Copy item path to clipboard"><img src="../../clipboard.svg" width="19" height="18" alt="Copy item path"></button></span></h1><span class="out-of-band"><a class="srclink" href="../../src/os/batch.rs.html#6" title="goto source code">source</a> · <a id="toggle-all-docs" href="javascript:void(0)" title="collapse all docs">[<span class="inner">&#x2212;</span>]</a></span></div><div class="docblock item-decl"><pre class="rust const"><code>const USER_STACK_SIZE: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.usize.html">usize</a> = 4096 * 2; // 0x0000_0000_0000_2000usize</code></pre></div></section><section id="search" class="content hidden"></section></div></main><div id="rustdoc-vars" data-root-path="../../" data-current-crate="os" data-themes="ayu,dark,light" data-resource-suffix="" data-rustdoc-version="1.60.0-nightly (9ad5d82f8 2022-01-18)" ></div>
<h1 class="fqn"><span class="in-band">Constant <a href="../index.html">os</a>::<wbr><a href="index.html">batch</a>::<wbr><a class="constant" href="#">USER_STACK_SIZE</a><button id="copy-path" onclick="copy_path(this)" title="Copy item path to clipboard"><img src="../../clipboard.svg" width="19" height="18" alt="Copy item path"></button></span></h1><span class="out-of-band"><a class="srclink" href="../../src/os/batch.rs.html#8" title="goto source code">source</a> · <a id="toggle-all-docs" href="javascript:void(0)" title="collapse all docs">[<span class="inner">&#x2212;</span>]</a></span></div><div class="docblock item-decl"><pre class="rust const"><code>const USER_STACK_SIZE: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.usize.html">usize</a> = 4096 * 2; // 0x0000_0000_0000_2000usize</code></pre></div></section><section id="search" class="content hidden"></section></div></main><div id="rustdoc-vars" data-root-path="../../" data-current-crate="os" data-themes="ayu,dark,light" data-resource-suffix="" data-rustdoc-version="1.60.0-nightly (9ad5d82f8 2022-01-18)" ></div>
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<h1 class="fqn"><span class="in-band">Function <a href="../index.html">os</a>::<wbr><a href="index.html">batch</a>::<wbr><a class="fn" href="#">print_app_info</a><button id="copy-path" onclick="copy_path(this)" title="Copy item path to clipboard"><img src="../../clipboard.svg" width="19" height="18" alt="Copy item path"></button></span></h1><span class="out-of-band"><a class="srclink" href="../../src/os/batch.rs.html#118-120" title="goto source code">source</a> · <a id="toggle-all-docs" href="javascript:void(0)" title="collapse all docs">[<span class="inner">&#x2212;</span>]</a></span></div><div class="docblock item-decl"><pre class="rust fn"><code>pub fn print_app_info()</code></pre></div></section><section id="search" class="content hidden"></section></div></main><div id="rustdoc-vars" data-root-path="../../" data-current-crate="os" data-themes="ayu,dark,light" data-resource-suffix="" data-rustdoc-version="1.60.0-nightly (9ad5d82f8 2022-01-18)" ></div>
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<h1 class="fqn"><span class="in-band">Function <a href="../index.html">os</a>::<wbr><a href="index.html">batch</a>::<wbr><a class="fn" href="#">run_next_app</a><button id="copy-path" onclick="copy_path(this)" title="Copy item path to clipboard"><img src="../../clipboard.svg" width="19" height="18" alt="Copy item path"></button></span></h1><span class="out-of-band"><a class="srclink" href="../../src/os/batch.rs.html#122-142" title="goto source code">source</a> · <a id="toggle-all-docs" href="javascript:void(0)" title="collapse all docs">[<span class="inner">&#x2212;</span>]</a></span></div><div class="docblock item-decl"><pre class="rust fn"><code>pub fn run_next_app() -&gt; <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.never.html">!</a></code></pre></div></section><section id="search" class="content hidden"></section></div></main><div id="rustdoc-vars" data-root-path="../../" data-current-crate="os" data-themes="ayu,dark,light" data-resource-suffix="" data-rustdoc-version="1.60.0-nightly (9ad5d82f8 2022-01-18)" ></div>
<h1 class="fqn"><span class="in-band">Function <a href="../index.html">os</a>::<wbr><a href="index.html">batch</a>::<wbr><a class="fn" href="#">run_next_app</a><button id="copy-path" onclick="copy_path(this)" title="Copy item path to clipboard"><img src="../../clipboard.svg" width="19" height="18" alt="Copy item path"></button></span></h1><span class="out-of-band"><a class="srclink" href="../../src/os/batch.rs.html#127-147" title="goto source code">source</a> · <a id="toggle-all-docs" href="javascript:void(0)" title="collapse all docs">[<span class="inner">&#x2212;</span>]</a></span></div><div class="docblock item-decl"><pre class="rust fn"><code>pub fn run_next_app() -&gt; <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.never.html">!</a></code></pre></div><details class="rustdoc-toggle top-doc" open><summary class="hideme"><span>Expand description</span></summary><div class="docblock"><p>run next app</p>
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<h1 class="fqn"><span class="in-band">Module <a href="../index.html">os</a>::<wbr><a class="mod" href="#">batch</a><button id="copy-path" onclick="copy_path(this)" title="Copy item path to clipboard"><img src="../../clipboard.svg" width="19" height="18" alt="Copy item path"></button></span></h1><span class="out-of-band"><a class="srclink" href="../../src/os/batch.rs.html#1-142" title="goto source code">source</a> · <a id="toggle-all-docs" href="javascript:void(0)" title="collapse all docs">[<span class="inner">&#x2212;</span>]</a></span></div><h2 id="structs" class="small-section-header"><a href="#structs">Structs</a></h2>
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<div class="item-table"><div class="item-row"><div class="item-left module-item"><a class="fn" href="fn.init.html" title="os::batch::init fn">init</a></div><div class="item-right docblock-short"><p>init batch subsystem</p>
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<h1 class="fqn"><span class="in-band">Static <a href="../index.html">os</a>::<wbr><a href="index.html">batch</a>::<wbr><a class="static" href="#">USER_STACK</a><button id="copy-path" onclick="copy_path(this)" title="Copy item path to clipboard"><img src="../../clipboard.svg" width="19" height="18" alt="Copy item path"></button></span></h1><span class="out-of-band"><a class="srclink" href="../../src/os/batch.rs.html#25-27" title="goto source code">source</a> · <a id="toggle-all-docs" href="javascript:void(0)" title="collapse all docs">[<span class="inner">&#x2212;</span>]</a></span></div><div class="docblock item-decl"><pre class="rust static"><code>static USER_STACK: <a class="struct" href="struct.UserStack.html" title="struct os::batch::UserStack">UserStack</a></code></pre></div></section><section id="search" class="content hidden"></section></div></main><div id="rustdoc-vars" data-root-path="../../" data-current-crate="os" data-themes="ayu,dark,light" data-resource-suffix="" data-rustdoc-version="1.60.0-nightly (9ad5d82f8 2022-01-18)" ></div>
<h1 class="fqn"><span class="in-band">Static <a href="../index.html">os</a>::<wbr><a href="index.html">batch</a>::<wbr><a class="static" href="#">USER_STACK</a><button id="copy-path" onclick="copy_path(this)" title="Copy item path to clipboard"><img src="../../clipboard.svg" width="19" height="18" alt="Copy item path"></button></span></h1><span class="out-of-band"><a class="srclink" href="../../src/os/batch.rs.html#27-29" title="goto source code">source</a> · <a id="toggle-all-docs" href="javascript:void(0)" title="collapse all docs">[<span class="inner">&#x2212;</span>]</a></span></div><div class="docblock item-decl"><pre class="rust static"><code>static USER_STACK: <a class="struct" href="struct.UserStack.html" title="struct os::batch::UserStack">UserStack</a></code></pre></div></section><section id="search" class="content hidden"></section></div></main><div id="rustdoc-vars" data-root-path="../../" data-current-crate="os" data-themes="ayu,dark,light" data-resource-suffix="" data-rustdoc-version="1.60.0-nightly (9ad5d82f8 2022-01-18)" ></div>
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</a><h2 class="location"><a href="#">Struct APP_MANAGER</a></h2><div class="sidebar-elems"><div class="block items"><h3 class="sidebar-title"><a href="#fields">Fields</a></h3><div class="sidebar-links"><a href="#structfield.__private_field">__private_field</a></div><h3 class="sidebar-title"><a href="#deref-methods-UPSafeCell%3CAppManager%3E">Methods from Deref&lt;Target=UPSafeCell&lt;AppManager&gt;&gt;</a></h3><div class="sidebar-links"><a href="#method.exclusive_access">exclusive_access</a></div><h3 class="sidebar-title"><a href="#trait-implementations">Trait Implementations</a></h3><div class="sidebar-links"><a href="#impl-Deref">Deref</a><a href="#impl-LazyStatic">LazyStatic</a></div><h3 class="sidebar-title"><a href="#synthetic-implementations">Auto Trait Implementations</a></h3><div class="sidebar-links"><a href="#impl-RefUnwindSafe">RefUnwindSafe</a><a href="#impl-Send">Send</a><a href="#impl-Sync">Sync</a><a href="#impl-Unpin">Unpin</a><a href="#impl-UnwindSafe">UnwindSafe</a></div><h3 class="sidebar-title"><a href="#blanket-implementations">Blanket Implementations</a></h3><div class="sidebar-links"><a href="#impl-Any">Any</a><a href="#impl-Borrow%3CT%3E">Borrow&lt;T&gt;</a><a href="#impl-BorrowMut%3CT%3E">BorrowMut&lt;T&gt;</a><a href="#impl-From%3CT%3E">From&lt;T&gt;</a><a href="#impl-Into%3CU%3E">Into&lt;U&gt;</a><a href="#impl-TryFrom%3CU%3E">TryFrom&lt;U&gt;</a><a href="#impl-TryInto%3CU%3E">TryInto&lt;U&gt;</a></div></div><h2 class="location">Other items in<br><a href="../index.html">os</a>::<wbr><a href="index.html">batch</a></h2><div id="sidebar-vars" data-name="APP_MANAGER" data-ty="struct" data-relpath=""></div><script defer src="sidebar-items.js"></script></div></nav><main><div class="width-limiter"><div class="sub-container"><a class="sub-logo-container" href="../../os/index.html"><img class="rust-logo" src="../../rust-logo.svg" alt="logo"></a><nav class="sub"><div class="theme-picker hidden"><button id="theme-picker" aria-label="Pick another theme!" aria-haspopup="menu" title="themes"><img width="18" height="18" alt="Pick another theme!" src="../../brush.svg"></button><div id="theme-choices" role="menu"></div></div><form class="search-form"><div class="search-container"><div>
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<h1 class="fqn"><span class="in-band">Struct <a href="../index.html">os</a>::<wbr><a href="index.html">batch</a>::<wbr><a class="struct" href="#">APP_MANAGER</a><button id="copy-path" onclick="copy_path(this)" title="Copy item path to clipboard"><img src="../../clipboard.svg" width="19" height="18" alt="Copy item path"></button></span></h1><span class="out-of-band"><a class="srclink" href="../../src/os/batch.rs.html#93-112" title="goto source code">source</a> · <a id="toggle-all-docs" href="javascript:void(0)" title="collapse all docs">[<span class="inner">&#x2212;</span>]</a></span></div><div class="docblock item-decl"><pre class="rust struct"><code>struct APP_MANAGER {
<h1 class="fqn"><span class="in-band">Struct <a href="../index.html">os</a>::<wbr><a href="index.html">batch</a>::<wbr><a class="struct" href="#">APP_MANAGER</a><button id="copy-path" onclick="copy_path(this)" title="Copy item path to clipboard"><img src="../../clipboard.svg" width="19" height="18" alt="Copy item path"></button></span></h1><span class="out-of-band"><a class="srclink" href="../../src/os/batch.rs.html#95-114" title="goto source code">source</a> · <a id="toggle-all-docs" href="javascript:void(0)" title="collapse all docs">[<span class="inner">&#x2212;</span>]</a></span></div><div class="docblock item-decl"><pre class="rust struct"><code>struct APP_MANAGER {
__private_field: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.unit.html">()</a>,
}</code></pre></div><h2 id="fields" class="fields small-section-header">Fields<a href="#fields" class="anchor"></a></h2><span id="structfield.__private_field" class="structfield small-section-header"><a href="#structfield.__private_field" class="anchor field"></a><code>__private_field: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.unit.html">()</a></code></span><h2 id="deref-methods-UPSafeCell%3CAppManager%3E" class="small-section-header"><span>Methods from <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/ops/deref/trait.Deref.html" title="trait core::ops::deref::Deref">Deref</a>&lt;Target = <a class="struct" href="../sync/up/struct.UPSafeCell.html" title="struct os::sync::up::UPSafeCell">UPSafeCell</a>&lt;<a class="struct" href="struct.AppManager.html" title="struct os::batch::AppManager">AppManager</a>&gt;&gt;</span><a href="#deref-methods-UPSafeCell%3CAppManager%3E" class="anchor"></a></h2><div class="impl-items"><details class="rustdoc-toggle method-toggle" open><summary><div id="method.exclusive_access" class="method has-srclink"><div class="rightside"><a class="srclink" href="../../src/os/sync/up.rs.html#26-28" title="goto source code">source</a></div><a href="#method.exclusive_access" class="anchor"></a><h4 class="code-header">pub fn <a href="#method.exclusive_access" class="fnname">exclusive_access</a>(&amp;self) -&gt; <a class="struct" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/cell/struct.RefMut.html" title="struct core::cell::RefMut">RefMut</a>&lt;'_, T&gt;</h4></div></summary><div class="docblock"><p>Panic if the data has been borrowed.</p>
</div></details></div><h2 id="trait-implementations" class="small-section-header">Trait Implementations<a href="#trait-implementations" class="anchor"></a></h2><div id="trait-implementations-list"><details class="rustdoc-toggle implementors-toggle" open><summary><div id="impl-Deref" class="impl has-srclink"><div class="rightside"><a class="srclink" href="../../src/os/batch.rs.html#93-112" title="goto source code">source</a></div><a href="#impl-Deref" class="anchor"></a><h3 class="code-header in-band">impl <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/ops/deref/trait.Deref.html" title="trait core::ops::deref::Deref">Deref</a> for <a class="struct" href="struct.APP_MANAGER.html" title="struct os::batch::APP_MANAGER">APP_MANAGER</a></h3></div></summary><div class="impl-items"><details class="rustdoc-toggle" open><summary><div id="associatedtype.Target" class="type trait-impl has-srclink"><a href="#associatedtype.Target" class="anchor"></a><h4 class="code-header">type <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/ops/deref/trait.Deref.html#associatedtype.Target" class="associatedtype">Target</a> = <a class="struct" href="../sync/up/struct.UPSafeCell.html" title="struct os::sync::up::UPSafeCell">UPSafeCell</a>&lt;<a class="struct" href="struct.AppManager.html" title="struct os::batch::AppManager">AppManager</a>&gt;</h4></div></summary><div class='docblock'><p>The resulting type after dereferencing.</p>
</div></details><details class="rustdoc-toggle method-toggle" open><summary><div id="method.deref" class="method trait-impl has-srclink"><div class="rightside"><a class="srclink" href="../../src/os/batch.rs.html#93-112" title="goto source code">source</a></div><a href="#method.deref" class="anchor"></a><h4 class="code-header">fn <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/ops/deref/trait.Deref.html#tymethod.deref" class="fnname">deref</a>(&amp;self) -&gt; &amp;<a class="struct" href="../sync/up/struct.UPSafeCell.html" title="struct os::sync::up::UPSafeCell">UPSafeCell</a>&lt;<a class="struct" href="struct.AppManager.html" title="struct os::batch::AppManager">AppManager</a>&gt;</h4></div></summary><div class='docblock'><p>Dereferences the value.</p>
</div></details></div></details><div id="impl-LazyStatic" class="impl has-srclink"><div class="rightside"><a class="srclink" href="../../src/os/batch.rs.html#93-112" title="goto source code">source</a></div><a href="#impl-LazyStatic" class="anchor"></a><h3 class="code-header in-band">impl <a class="trait" href="https://docs.rs/lazy_static/1.4.0/lazy_static/trait.LazyStatic.html" title="trait lazy_static::LazyStatic">LazyStatic</a> for <a class="struct" href="struct.APP_MANAGER.html" title="struct os::batch::APP_MANAGER">APP_MANAGER</a></h3></div></div><h2 id="synthetic-implementations" class="small-section-header">Auto Trait Implementations<a href="#synthetic-implementations" class="anchor"></a></h2><div id="synthetic-implementations-list"><div id="impl-RefUnwindSafe" class="impl has-srclink"><div class="rightside"></div><a href="#impl-RefUnwindSafe" class="anchor"></a><h3 class="code-header in-band">impl <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/panic/unwind_safe/trait.RefUnwindSafe.html" title="trait core::panic::unwind_safe::RefUnwindSafe">RefUnwindSafe</a> for <a class="struct" href="struct.APP_MANAGER.html" title="struct os::batch::APP_MANAGER">APP_MANAGER</a></h3></div><div id="impl-Send" class="impl has-srclink"><div class="rightside"></div><a href="#impl-Send" class="anchor"></a><h3 class="code-header in-band">impl <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/marker/trait.Send.html" title="trait core::marker::Send">Send</a> for <a class="struct" href="struct.APP_MANAGER.html" title="struct os::batch::APP_MANAGER">APP_MANAGER</a></h3></div><div id="impl-Sync" class="impl has-srclink"><div class="rightside"></div><a href="#impl-Sync" class="anchor"></a><h3 class="code-header in-band">impl <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/marker/trait.Sync.html" title="trait core::marker::Sync">Sync</a> for <a class="struct" href="struct.APP_MANAGER.html" title="struct os::batch::APP_MANAGER">APP_MANAGER</a></h3></div><div id="impl-Unpin" class="impl has-srclink"><div class="rightside"></div><a href="#impl-Unpin" class="anchor"></a><h3 class="code-header in-band">impl <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/marker/trait.Unpin.html" title="trait core::marker::Unpin">Unpin</a> for <a class="struct" href="struct.APP_MANAGER.html" title="struct os::batch::APP_MANAGER">APP_MANAGER</a></h3></div><div id="impl-UnwindSafe" class="impl has-srclink"><div class="rightside"></div><a href="#impl-UnwindSafe" class="anchor"></a><h3 class="code-header in-band">impl <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/panic/unwind_safe/trait.UnwindSafe.html" title="trait core::panic::unwind_safe::UnwindSafe">UnwindSafe</a> for <a class="struct" href="struct.APP_MANAGER.html" title="struct os::batch::APP_MANAGER">APP_MANAGER</a></h3></div></div><h2 id="blanket-implementations" class="small-section-header">Blanket Implementations<a href="#blanket-implementations" class="anchor"></a></h2><div id="blanket-implementations-list"><details class="rustdoc-toggle implementors-toggle" open><summary><div id="impl-Any" class="impl has-srclink"><div class="rightside"><a class="srclink" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/src/core/any.rs.html#132-136" title="goto source code">source</a></div><a href="#impl-Any" class="anchor"></a><h3 class="code-header in-band">impl&lt;T&gt; <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/any/trait.Any.html" title="trait core::any::Any">Any</a> for T <span class="where fmt-newline">where<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;T: 'static + ?<a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/marker/trait.Sized.html" title="trait core::marker::Sized">Sized</a>,&nbsp;</span></h3></div></summary><div class="impl-items"><details class="rustdoc-toggle method-toggle" open><summary><div id="method.type_id" class="method trait-impl has-srclink"><div class="rightside"><a class="srclink" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/src/core/any.rs.html#133" title="goto source code">source</a></div><a href="#method.type_id" class="anchor"></a><h4 class="code-header">pub fn <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/any/trait.Any.html#tymethod.type_id" class="fnname">type_id</a>(&amp;self) -&gt; <a class="struct" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/any/struct.TypeId.html" title="struct core::any::TypeId">TypeId</a></h4></div></summary><div class='docblock'><p>Gets the <code>TypeId</code> of <code>self</code>. <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/any/trait.Any.html#tymethod.type_id">Read more</a></p>
}</code></pre></div><h2 id="fields" class="fields small-section-header">Fields<a href="#fields" class="anchor"></a></h2><span id="structfield.__private_field" class="structfield small-section-header"><a href="#structfield.__private_field" class="anchor field"></a><code>__private_field: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.unit.html">()</a></code></span><h2 id="deref-methods-UPSafeCell%3CAppManager%3E" class="small-section-header"><span>Methods from <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/ops/deref/trait.Deref.html" title="trait core::ops::deref::Deref">Deref</a>&lt;Target = <a class="struct" href="../sync/up/struct.UPSafeCell.html" title="struct os::sync::up::UPSafeCell">UPSafeCell</a>&lt;<a class="struct" href="struct.AppManager.html" title="struct os::batch::AppManager">AppManager</a>&gt;&gt;</span><a href="#deref-methods-UPSafeCell%3CAppManager%3E" class="anchor"></a></h2><div class="impl-items"><details class="rustdoc-toggle method-toggle" open><summary><div id="method.exclusive_access" class="method has-srclink"><div class="rightside"><a class="srclink" href="../../src/os/sync/up.rs.html#28-30" title="goto source code">source</a></div><a href="#method.exclusive_access" class="anchor"></a><h4 class="code-header">pub fn <a href="#method.exclusive_access" class="fnname">exclusive_access</a>(&amp;self) -&gt; <a class="struct" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/cell/struct.RefMut.html" title="struct core::cell::RefMut">RefMut</a>&lt;'_, T&gt;</h4></div></summary><div class="docblock"><p>Exclusive access inner data in UPSafeCell. Panic if the data has been borrowed.</p>
</div></details></div><h2 id="trait-implementations" class="small-section-header">Trait Implementations<a href="#trait-implementations" class="anchor"></a></h2><div id="trait-implementations-list"><details class="rustdoc-toggle implementors-toggle" open><summary><div id="impl-Deref" class="impl has-srclink"><div class="rightside"><a class="srclink" href="../../src/os/batch.rs.html#95-114" title="goto source code">source</a></div><a href="#impl-Deref" class="anchor"></a><h3 class="code-header in-band">impl <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/ops/deref/trait.Deref.html" title="trait core::ops::deref::Deref">Deref</a> for <a class="struct" href="struct.APP_MANAGER.html" title="struct os::batch::APP_MANAGER">APP_MANAGER</a></h3></div></summary><div class="impl-items"><details class="rustdoc-toggle" open><summary><div id="associatedtype.Target" class="type trait-impl has-srclink"><a href="#associatedtype.Target" class="anchor"></a><h4 class="code-header">type <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/ops/deref/trait.Deref.html#associatedtype.Target" class="associatedtype">Target</a> = <a class="struct" href="../sync/up/struct.UPSafeCell.html" title="struct os::sync::up::UPSafeCell">UPSafeCell</a>&lt;<a class="struct" href="struct.AppManager.html" title="struct os::batch::AppManager">AppManager</a>&gt;</h4></div></summary><div class='docblock'><p>The resulting type after dereferencing.</p>
</div></details><details class="rustdoc-toggle method-toggle" open><summary><div id="method.deref" class="method trait-impl has-srclink"><div class="rightside"><a class="srclink" href="../../src/os/batch.rs.html#95-114" title="goto source code">source</a></div><a href="#method.deref" class="anchor"></a><h4 class="code-header">fn <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/ops/deref/trait.Deref.html#tymethod.deref" class="fnname">deref</a>(&amp;self) -&gt; &amp;<a class="struct" href="../sync/up/struct.UPSafeCell.html" title="struct os::sync::up::UPSafeCell">UPSafeCell</a>&lt;<a class="struct" href="struct.AppManager.html" title="struct os::batch::AppManager">AppManager</a>&gt;</h4></div></summary><div class='docblock'><p>Dereferences the value.</p>
</div></details></div></details><div id="impl-LazyStatic" class="impl has-srclink"><div class="rightside"><a class="srclink" href="../../src/os/batch.rs.html#95-114" title="goto source code">source</a></div><a href="#impl-LazyStatic" class="anchor"></a><h3 class="code-header in-band">impl <a class="trait" href="https://docs.rs/lazy_static/1.4.0/lazy_static/trait.LazyStatic.html" title="trait lazy_static::LazyStatic">LazyStatic</a> for <a class="struct" href="struct.APP_MANAGER.html" title="struct os::batch::APP_MANAGER">APP_MANAGER</a></h3></div></div><h2 id="synthetic-implementations" class="small-section-header">Auto Trait Implementations<a href="#synthetic-implementations" class="anchor"></a></h2><div id="synthetic-implementations-list"><div id="impl-RefUnwindSafe" class="impl has-srclink"><div class="rightside"></div><a href="#impl-RefUnwindSafe" class="anchor"></a><h3 class="code-header in-band">impl <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/panic/unwind_safe/trait.RefUnwindSafe.html" title="trait core::panic::unwind_safe::RefUnwindSafe">RefUnwindSafe</a> for <a class="struct" href="struct.APP_MANAGER.html" title="struct os::batch::APP_MANAGER">APP_MANAGER</a></h3></div><div id="impl-Send" class="impl has-srclink"><div class="rightside"></div><a href="#impl-Send" class="anchor"></a><h3 class="code-header in-band">impl <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/marker/trait.Send.html" title="trait core::marker::Send">Send</a> for <a class="struct" href="struct.APP_MANAGER.html" title="struct os::batch::APP_MANAGER">APP_MANAGER</a></h3></div><div id="impl-Sync" class="impl has-srclink"><div class="rightside"></div><a href="#impl-Sync" class="anchor"></a><h3 class="code-header in-band">impl <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/marker/trait.Sync.html" title="trait core::marker::Sync">Sync</a> for <a class="struct" href="struct.APP_MANAGER.html" title="struct os::batch::APP_MANAGER">APP_MANAGER</a></h3></div><div id="impl-Unpin" class="impl has-srclink"><div class="rightside"></div><a href="#impl-Unpin" class="anchor"></a><h3 class="code-header in-band">impl <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/marker/trait.Unpin.html" title="trait core::marker::Unpin">Unpin</a> for <a class="struct" href="struct.APP_MANAGER.html" title="struct os::batch::APP_MANAGER">APP_MANAGER</a></h3></div><div id="impl-UnwindSafe" class="impl has-srclink"><div class="rightside"></div><a href="#impl-UnwindSafe" class="anchor"></a><h3 class="code-header in-band">impl <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/panic/unwind_safe/trait.UnwindSafe.html" title="trait core::panic::unwind_safe::UnwindSafe">UnwindSafe</a> for <a class="struct" href="struct.APP_MANAGER.html" title="struct os::batch::APP_MANAGER">APP_MANAGER</a></h3></div></div><h2 id="blanket-implementations" class="small-section-header">Blanket Implementations<a href="#blanket-implementations" class="anchor"></a></h2><div id="blanket-implementations-list"><details class="rustdoc-toggle implementors-toggle" open><summary><div id="impl-Any" class="impl has-srclink"><div class="rightside"><a class="srclink" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/src/core/any.rs.html#132-136" title="goto source code">source</a></div><a href="#impl-Any" class="anchor"></a><h3 class="code-header in-band">impl&lt;T&gt; <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/any/trait.Any.html" title="trait core::any::Any">Any</a> for T <span class="where fmt-newline">where<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;T: 'static + ?<a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/marker/trait.Sized.html" title="trait core::marker::Sized">Sized</a>,&nbsp;</span></h3></div></summary><div class="impl-items"><details class="rustdoc-toggle method-toggle" open><summary><div id="method.type_id" class="method trait-impl has-srclink"><div class="rightside"><a class="srclink" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/src/core/any.rs.html#133" title="goto source code">source</a></div><a href="#method.type_id" class="anchor"></a><h4 class="code-header">pub fn <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/any/trait.Any.html#tymethod.type_id" class="fnname">type_id</a>(&amp;self) -&gt; <a class="struct" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/any/struct.TypeId.html" title="struct core::any::TypeId">TypeId</a></h4></div></summary><div class='docblock'><p>Gets the <code>TypeId</code> of <code>self</code>. <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/any/trait.Any.html#tymethod.type_id">Read more</a></p>
</div></details></div></details><details class="rustdoc-toggle implementors-toggle" open><summary><div id="impl-Borrow%3CT%3E" class="impl has-srclink"><div class="rightside"><a class="srclink" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/src/core/borrow.rs.html#209-214" title="goto source code">source</a></div><a href="#impl-Borrow%3CT%3E" class="anchor"></a><h3 class="code-header in-band">impl&lt;T&gt; <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/borrow/trait.Borrow.html" title="trait core::borrow::Borrow">Borrow</a>&lt;T&gt; for T <span class="where fmt-newline">where<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;T: ?<a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/marker/trait.Sized.html" title="trait core::marker::Sized">Sized</a>,&nbsp;</span></h3></div></summary><div class="impl-items"><details class="rustdoc-toggle method-toggle" open><summary><div id="method.borrow" class="method trait-impl has-srclink"><div class="rightside"><a class="srclink" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/src/core/borrow.rs.html#211" title="goto source code">source</a></div><a href="#method.borrow" class="anchor"></a><h4 class="code-header">pub fn <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/borrow/trait.Borrow.html#tymethod.borrow" class="fnname">borrow</a>(&amp;self) -&gt; <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.reference.html">&amp;</a>T</h4></div></summary><div class='docblock'><p>Immutably borrows from an owned value. <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/borrow/trait.Borrow.html#tymethod.borrow">Read more</a></p>
</div></details></div></details><details class="rustdoc-toggle implementors-toggle" open><summary><div id="impl-BorrowMut%3CT%3E" class="impl has-srclink"><div class="rightside"><a class="srclink" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/src/core/borrow.rs.html#218-222" title="goto source code">source</a></div><a href="#impl-BorrowMut%3CT%3E" class="anchor"></a><h3 class="code-header in-band">impl&lt;T&gt; <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/borrow/trait.BorrowMut.html" title="trait core::borrow::BorrowMut">BorrowMut</a>&lt;T&gt; for T <span class="where fmt-newline">where<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;T: ?<a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/marker/trait.Sized.html" title="trait core::marker::Sized">Sized</a>,&nbsp;</span></h3></div></summary><div class="impl-items"><details class="rustdoc-toggle method-toggle" open><summary><div id="method.borrow_mut" class="method trait-impl has-srclink"><div class="rightside"><a class="srclink" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/src/core/borrow.rs.html#219" title="goto source code">source</a></div><a href="#method.borrow_mut" class="anchor"></a><h4 class="code-header">pub fn <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/borrow/trait.BorrowMut.html#tymethod.borrow_mut" class="fnname">borrow_mut</a>(&amp;mut self) -&gt; <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.reference.html">&amp;mut </a>T</h4></div></summary><div class='docblock'><p>Mutably borrows from an owned value. <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/borrow/trait.BorrowMut.html#tymethod.borrow_mut">Read more</a></p>
</div></details></div></details><details class="rustdoc-toggle implementors-toggle" open><summary><div id="impl-From%3CT%3E" class="impl has-srclink"><div class="rightside"><a class="srclink" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/src/core/convert/mod.rs.html#549-553" title="goto source code">source</a></div><a href="#impl-From%3CT%3E" class="anchor"></a><h3 class="code-header in-band">impl&lt;T&gt; <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/convert/trait.From.html" title="trait core::convert::From">From</a>&lt;T&gt; for T</h3></div></summary><div class="impl-items"><details class="rustdoc-toggle method-toggle" open><summary><div id="method.from" class="method trait-impl has-srclink"><div class="rightside"><a class="srclink" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/src/core/convert/mod.rs.html#550" title="goto source code">source</a></div><a href="#method.from" class="anchor"></a><h4 class="code-header">pub fn <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/convert/trait.From.html#tymethod.from" class="fnname">from</a>(t: T) -&gt; T</h4></div></summary><div class='docblock'><p>Performs the conversion.</p>

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<h1 class="fqn"><span class="in-band">Struct <a href="../index.html">os</a>::<wbr><a href="index.html">console</a>::<wbr><a class="struct" href="#">Stdout</a><button id="copy-path" onclick="copy_path(this)" title="Copy item path to clipboard"><img src="../../clipboard.svg" width="19" height="18" alt="Copy item path"></button></span></h1><span class="out-of-band"><a class="srclink" href="../../src/os/console.rs.html#4" title="goto source code">source</a> · <a id="toggle-all-docs" href="javascript:void(0)" title="collapse all docs">[<span class="inner">&#x2212;</span>]</a></span></div><div class="docblock item-decl"><pre class="rust struct"><code>struct Stdout;</code></pre></div><h2 id="trait-implementations" class="small-section-header">Trait Implementations<a href="#trait-implementations" class="anchor"></a></h2><div id="trait-implementations-list"><details class="rustdoc-toggle implementors-toggle" open><summary><div id="impl-Write" class="impl has-srclink"><div class="rightside"><a class="srclink" href="../../src/os/console.rs.html#6-13" title="goto source code">source</a></div><a href="#impl-Write" class="anchor"></a><h3 class="code-header in-band">impl <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/fmt/trait.Write.html" title="trait core::fmt::Write">Write</a> for <a class="struct" href="struct.Stdout.html" title="struct os::console::Stdout">Stdout</a></h3></div></summary><div class="impl-items"><details class="rustdoc-toggle method-toggle" open><summary><div id="method.write_str" class="method trait-impl has-srclink"><div class="rightside"><a class="srclink" href="../../src/os/console.rs.html#7-12" title="goto source code">source</a></div><a href="#method.write_str" class="anchor"></a><h4 class="code-header">fn <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/fmt/trait.Write.html#tymethod.write_str" class="fnname">write_str</a>(&amp;mut self, s: &amp;<a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.str.html">str</a>) -&gt; <a class="type" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/fmt/type.Result.html" title="type core::fmt::Result">Result</a></h4></div></summary><div class='docblock'><p>Writes a string slice into this writer, returning whether the write
<h1 class="fqn"><span class="in-band">Struct <a href="../index.html">os</a>::<wbr><a href="index.html">console</a>::<wbr><a class="struct" href="#">Stdout</a><button id="copy-path" onclick="copy_path(this)" title="Copy item path to clipboard"><img src="../../clipboard.svg" width="19" height="18" alt="Copy item path"></button></span></h1><span class="out-of-band"><a class="srclink" href="../../src/os/console.rs.html#6" title="goto source code">source</a> · <a id="toggle-all-docs" href="javascript:void(0)" title="collapse all docs">[<span class="inner">&#x2212;</span>]</a></span></div><div class="docblock item-decl"><pre class="rust struct"><code>struct Stdout;</code></pre></div><h2 id="trait-implementations" class="small-section-header">Trait Implementations<a href="#trait-implementations" class="anchor"></a></h2><div id="trait-implementations-list"><details class="rustdoc-toggle implementors-toggle" open><summary><div id="impl-Write" class="impl has-srclink"><div class="rightside"><a class="srclink" href="../../src/os/console.rs.html#8-15" title="goto source code">source</a></div><a href="#impl-Write" class="anchor"></a><h3 class="code-header in-band">impl <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/fmt/trait.Write.html" title="trait core::fmt::Write">Write</a> for <a class="struct" href="struct.Stdout.html" title="struct os::console::Stdout">Stdout</a></h3></div></summary><div class="impl-items"><details class="rustdoc-toggle method-toggle" open><summary><div id="method.write_str" class="method trait-impl has-srclink"><div class="rightside"><a class="srclink" href="../../src/os/console.rs.html#9-14" title="goto source code">source</a></div><a href="#method.write_str" class="anchor"></a><h4 class="code-header">fn <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/fmt/trait.Write.html#tymethod.write_str" class="fnname">write_str</a>(&amp;mut self, s: &amp;<a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.str.html">str</a>) -&gt; <a class="type" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/fmt/type.Result.html" title="type core::fmt::Result">Result</a></h4></div></summary><div class='docblock'><p>Writes a string slice into this writer, returning whether the write
succeeded. <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/fmt/trait.Write.html#tymethod.write_str">Read more</a></p>
</div></details><details class="rustdoc-toggle method-toggle" open><summary><div id="method.write_char" class="method trait-impl has-srclink"><div class="rightside"><span class="since" title="Stable since Rust version 1.1.0">1.1.0</span> · <a class="srclink" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/src/core/fmt/mod.rs.html#162" title="goto source code">source</a></div><a href="#method.write_char" class="anchor"></a><h4 class="code-header">fn <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/fmt/trait.Write.html#method.write_char" class="fnname">write_char</a>(&amp;mut self, c: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.char.html">char</a>) -&gt; <a class="enum" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/result/enum.Result.html" title="enum core::result::Result">Result</a>&lt;<a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.unit.html">()</a>, <a class="struct" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/fmt/struct.Error.html" title="struct core::fmt::Error">Error</a>&gt;</h4></div></summary><div class='docblock'><p>Writes a <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.char.html" title="char"><code>char</code></a> into this writer, returning whether the write succeeded. <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/fmt/trait.Write.html#method.write_char">Read more</a></p>
</div></details><details class="rustdoc-toggle method-toggle" open><summary><div id="method.write_fmt" class="method trait-impl has-srclink"><div class="rightside"><span class="since" title="Stable since Rust version 1.0.0">1.0.0</span> · <a class="srclink" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/src/core/fmt/mod.rs.html#185" title="goto source code">source</a></div><a href="#method.write_fmt" class="anchor"></a><h4 class="code-header">fn <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/fmt/trait.Write.html#method.write_fmt" class="fnname">write_fmt</a>(&amp;mut self, args: <a class="struct" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/fmt/struct.Arguments.html" title="struct core::fmt::Arguments">Arguments</a>&lt;'_&gt;) -&gt; <a class="enum" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/result/enum.Result.html" title="enum core::result::Result">Result</a>&lt;<a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.unit.html">()</a>, <a class="struct" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/fmt/struct.Error.html" title="struct core::fmt::Error">Error</a>&gt;</h4></div></summary><div class='docblock'><p>Glue for usage of the <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/macro.write.html" title="write!"><code>write!</code></a> macro with implementors of this trait. <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/fmt/trait.Write.html#method.write_fmt">Read more</a></p>

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<h1 class="fqn"><span class="in-band">Function <a href="index.html">os</a>::<wbr><a class="fn" href="#">clear_bss</a><button id="copy-path" onclick="copy_path(this)" title="Copy item path to clipboard"><img src="../clipboard.svg" width="19" height="18" alt="Copy item path"></button></span></h1><span class="out-of-band"><a class="srclink" href="../src/os/main.rs.html#19-28" title="goto source code">source</a> · <a id="toggle-all-docs" href="javascript:void(0)" title="collapse all docs">[<span class="inner">&#x2212;</span>]</a></span></div><div class="docblock item-decl"><pre class="rust fn"><code>pub(crate) fn clear_bss()</code></pre></div></section><section id="search" class="content hidden"></section></div></main><div id="rustdoc-vars" data-root-path="../" data-current-crate="os" data-themes="ayu,dark,light" data-resource-suffix="" data-rustdoc-version="1.60.0-nightly (9ad5d82f8 2022-01-18)" ></div>
<h1 class="fqn"><span class="in-band">Function <a href="index.html">os</a>::<wbr><a class="fn" href="#">clear_bss</a><button id="copy-path" onclick="copy_path(this)" title="Copy item path to clipboard"><img src="../clipboard.svg" width="19" height="18" alt="Copy item path"></button></span></h1><span class="out-of-band"><a class="srclink" href="../src/os/main.rs.html#38-47" title="goto source code">source</a> · <a id="toggle-all-docs" href="javascript:void(0)" title="collapse all docs">[<span class="inner">&#x2212;</span>]</a></span></div><div class="docblock item-decl"><pre class="rust fn"><code>pub(crate) fn clear_bss()</code></pre></div><details class="rustdoc-toggle top-doc" open><summary class="hideme"><span>Expand description</span></summary><div class="docblock"><p>clear BSS segment</p>
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<h1 class="fqn"><span class="in-band">Function <a href="index.html">os</a>::<wbr><a class="fn" href="#">rust_main</a><button id="copy-path" onclick="copy_path(this)" title="Copy item path to clipboard"><img src="../clipboard.svg" width="19" height="18" alt="Copy item path"></button></span></h1><span class="out-of-band"><a class="srclink" href="../src/os/main.rs.html#31-37" title="goto source code">source</a> · <a id="toggle-all-docs" href="javascript:void(0)" title="collapse all docs">[<span class="inner">&#x2212;</span>]</a></span></div><div class="docblock item-decl"><pre class="rust fn"><code>#[no_mangle]
pub fn rust_main() -&gt; <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.never.html">!</a></code></pre></div></section><section id="search" class="content hidden"></section></div></main><div id="rustdoc-vars" data-root-path="../" data-current-crate="os" data-themes="ayu,dark,light" data-resource-suffix="" data-rustdoc-version="1.60.0-nightly (9ad5d82f8 2022-01-18)" ></div>
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pub fn rust_main() -&gt; <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.never.html">!</a></code></pre></div><details class="rustdoc-toggle top-doc" open><summary class="hideme"><span>Expand description</span></summary><div class="docblock"><p>the rust entry-point of os</p>
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</a><h2 class="location"><a href="#">Crate os</a></h2><div class="block version"><div class="narrow-helper"></div><p>Version 0.1.0</p></div><div class="sidebar-elems"><a id="all-types" href="all.html"><p>See all os's items</p></a><div class="block items"><ul><li><a href="#modules">Modules</a></li><li><a href="#macros">Macros</a></li><li><a href="#functions">Functions</a></li></ul></div><div id="sidebar-vars" data-name="os" data-ty="mod" data-relpath=""></div><script defer src="sidebar-items.js"></script></div></nav><main><div class="width-limiter"><div class="sub-container"><a class="sub-logo-container" href="../os/index.html"><img class="rust-logo" src="../rust-logo.svg" alt="logo"></a><nav class="sub"><div class="theme-picker hidden"><button id="theme-picker" aria-label="Pick another theme!" aria-haspopup="menu" title="themes"><img width="18" height="18" alt="Pick another theme!" src="../brush.svg"></button><div id="theme-choices" role="menu"></div></div><form class="search-form"><div class="search-container"><div>
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<h1 class="fqn"><span class="in-band">Crate <a class="mod" href="#">os</a><button id="copy-path" onclick="copy_path(this)" title="Copy item path to clipboard"><img src="../clipboard.svg" width="19" height="18" alt="Copy item path"></button></span></h1><span class="out-of-band"><a class="srclink" href="../src/os/main.rs.html#1-37" title="goto source code">source</a> · <a id="toggle-all-docs" href="javascript:void(0)" title="collapse all docs">[<span class="inner">&#x2212;</span>]</a></span></div><h2 id="modules" class="small-section-header"><a href="#modules">Modules</a></h2>
<div class="item-table"><div class="item-row"><div class="item-left module-item"><a class="mod" href="batch/index.html" title="os::batch mod">batch</a></div><div class="item-right docblock-short"></div></div><div class="item-row"><div class="item-left module-item"><a class="mod" href="console/index.html" title="os::console mod">console</a></div><div class="item-right docblock-short"></div></div><div class="item-row"><div class="item-left module-item"><a class="mod" href="lang_items/index.html" title="os::lang_items mod">lang_items</a></div><div class="item-right docblock-short"></div></div><div class="item-row"><div class="item-left module-item"><a class="mod" href="sbi/index.html" title="os::sbi mod">sbi</a></div><div class="item-right docblock-short"></div></div><div class="item-row"><div class="item-left module-item"><a class="mod" href="sync/index.html" title="os::sync mod">sync</a></div><div class="item-right docblock-short"></div></div><div class="item-row"><div class="item-left module-item"><a class="mod" href="syscall/index.html" title="os::syscall mod">syscall</a></div><div class="item-right docblock-short"></div></div><div class="item-row"><div class="item-left module-item"><a class="mod" href="trap/index.html" title="os::trap mod">trap</a></div><div class="item-right docblock-short"></div></div></div><h2 id="macros" class="small-section-header"><a href="#macros">Macros</a></h2>
<div class="item-table"><div class="item-row"><div class="item-left module-item"><a class="macro" href="macro.print.html" title="os::print macro">print</a></div><div class="item-right docblock-short"></div></div><div class="item-row"><div class="item-left module-item"><a class="macro" href="macro.println.html" title="os::println macro">println</a></div><div class="item-right docblock-short"></div></div></div><h2 id="functions" class="small-section-header"><a href="#functions">Functions</a></h2>
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<h1 class="fqn"><span class="in-band">Crate <a class="mod" href="#">os</a><button id="copy-path" onclick="copy_path(this)" title="Copy item path to clipboard"><img src="../clipboard.svg" width="19" height="18" alt="Copy item path"></button></span></h1><span class="out-of-band"><a class="srclink" href="../src/os/main.rs.html#1-57" title="goto source code">source</a> · <a id="toggle-all-docs" href="javascript:void(0)" title="collapse all docs">[<span class="inner">&#x2212;</span>]</a></span></div><details class="rustdoc-toggle top-doc" open><summary class="hideme"><span>Expand description</span></summary><div class="docblock"><p>The main module and entrypoint</p>
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<li><a href="syscall/index.html" title="syscall"><code>syscall</code></a>: System call handling and implementation</li>
</ul>
<p>The operating system also starts in this module. Kernel code starts
executing from <code>entry.asm</code>, after which <a href="fn.rust_main.html" title="rust_main()"><code>rust_main()</code></a> is called to
initialize various pieces of functionality. (See its source code for
details.)</p>
<p>We then call <a href="batch/fn.run_next_app.html" title="batch::run_next_app()"><code>batch::run_next_app()</code></a> and for the first time go to
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</div></details><h2 id="modules" class="small-section-header"><a href="#modules">Modules</a></h2>
<div class="item-table"><div class="item-row"><div class="item-left module-item"><a class="mod" href="batch/index.html" title="os::batch mod">batch</a></div><div class="item-right docblock-short"><p>batch subsystem</p>
</div></div><div class="item-row"><div class="item-left module-item"><a class="mod" href="console/index.html" title="os::console mod">console</a></div><div class="item-right docblock-short"><p>SBI console driver, for text output</p>
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</div></div><div class="item-row"><div class="item-left module-item"><a class="mod" href="trap/index.html" title="os::trap mod">trap</a></div><div class="item-right docblock-short"><p>Trap handling functionality</p>
</div></div></div><h2 id="macros" class="small-section-header"><a href="#macros">Macros</a></h2>
<div class="item-table"><div class="item-row"><div class="item-left module-item"><a class="macro" href="macro.print.html" title="os::print macro">print</a></div><div class="item-right docblock-short"><p>print string macro</p>
</div></div><div class="item-row"><div class="item-left module-item"><a class="macro" href="macro.println.html" title="os::println macro">println</a></div><div class="item-right docblock-short"><p>println string macro</p>
</div></div></div><h2 id="functions" class="small-section-header"><a href="#functions">Functions</a></h2>
<div class="item-table"><div class="item-row"><div class="item-left module-item"><a class="fn" href="fn.clear_bss.html" title="os::clear_bss fn">clear_bss</a></div><div class="item-right docblock-short"><p>clear BSS segment</p>
</div></div><div class="item-row"><div class="item-left module-item"><a class="fn" href="fn.rust_main.html" title="os::rust_main fn">rust_main</a></div><div class="item-right docblock-short"><p>the rust entry-point of os</p>
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<noscript><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../noscript.css"></noscript><link rel="alternate icon" type="image/png" href="../../favicon-16x16.png"><link rel="alternate icon" type="image/png" href="../../favicon-32x32.png"><link rel="icon" type="image/svg+xml" href="../../favicon.svg"></head><body class="rustdoc fn"><!--[if lte IE 11]><div class="warning">This old browser is unsupported and will most likely display funky things.</div><![endif]--><nav class="sidebar"><div class="sidebar-menu" role="button">&#9776;</div><a class="sidebar-logo" href="../../os/index.html"><div class="logo-container"><img class="rust-logo" src="../../rust-logo.svg" alt="logo"></div>
</a><div class="sidebar-elems"><h2 class="location">Other items in<br><a href="../index.html">os</a>::<wbr><a href="index.html">lang_items</a></h2><div id="sidebar-vars" data-name="panic" data-ty="fn" data-relpath=""></div><script defer src="sidebar-items.js"></script></div></nav><main><div class="width-limiter"><div class="sub-container"><a class="sub-logo-container" href="../../os/index.html"><img class="rust-logo" src="../../rust-logo.svg" alt="logo"></a><nav class="sub"><div class="theme-picker hidden"><button id="theme-picker" aria-label="Pick another theme!" aria-haspopup="menu" title="themes"><img width="18" height="18" alt="Pick another theme!" src="../../brush.svg"></button><div id="theme-choices" role="menu"></div></div><form class="search-form"><div class="search-container"><div>
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<h1 class="fqn"><span class="in-band">Function <a href="../index.html">os</a>::<wbr><a href="index.html">lang_items</a>::<wbr><a class="fn" href="#">panic</a><button id="copy-path" onclick="copy_path(this)" title="Copy item path to clipboard"><img src="../../clipboard.svg" width="19" height="18" alt="Copy item path"></button></span></h1><span class="out-of-band"><a class="srclink" href="../../src/os/lang_items.rs.html#5-17" title="goto source code">source</a> · <a id="toggle-all-docs" href="javascript:void(0)" title="collapse all docs">[<span class="inner">&#x2212;</span>]</a></span></div><div class="docblock item-decl"><pre class="rust fn"><code>fn panic(info: &amp;<a class="struct" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/panic/panic_info/struct.PanicInfo.html" title="struct core::panic::panic_info::PanicInfo">PanicInfo</a>&lt;'_&gt;) -&gt; <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.never.html">!</a></code></pre></div></section><section id="search" class="content hidden"></section></div></main><div id="rustdoc-vars" data-root-path="../../" data-current-crate="os" data-themes="ayu,dark,light" data-resource-suffix="" data-rustdoc-version="1.60.0-nightly (9ad5d82f8 2022-01-18)" ></div>
<h1 class="fqn"><span class="in-band">Function <a href="../index.html">os</a>::<wbr><a href="index.html">lang_items</a>::<wbr><a class="fn" href="#">panic</a><button id="copy-path" onclick="copy_path(this)" title="Copy item path to clipboard"><img src="../../clipboard.svg" width="19" height="18" alt="Copy item path"></button></span></h1><span class="out-of-band"><a class="srclink" href="../../src/os/lang_items.rs.html#7-19" title="goto source code">source</a> · <a id="toggle-all-docs" href="javascript:void(0)" title="collapse all docs">[<span class="inner">&#x2212;</span>]</a></span></div><div class="docblock item-decl"><pre class="rust fn"><code>fn panic(info: &amp;<a class="struct" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/panic/panic_info/struct.PanicInfo.html" title="struct core::panic::panic_info::PanicInfo">PanicInfo</a>&lt;'_&gt;) -&gt; <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.never.html">!</a></code></pre></div></section><section id="search" class="content hidden"></section></div></main><div id="rustdoc-vars" data-root-path="../../" data-current-crate="os" data-themes="ayu,dark,light" data-resource-suffix="" data-rustdoc-version="1.60.0-nightly (9ad5d82f8 2022-01-18)" ></div>
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</div></details><h2 id="functions" class="small-section-header"><a href="#functions">Functions</a></h2>
<div class="item-table"><div class="item-row"><div class="item-left module-item"><a class="fn" href="fn.panic.html" title="os::lang_items::panic fn">panic</a></div><div class="item-right docblock-short"></div></div></div></section><section id="search" class="content hidden"></section></div></main><div id="rustdoc-vars" data-root-path="../../" data-current-crate="os" data-themes="ayu,dark,light" data-resource-suffix="" data-rustdoc-version="1.60.0-nightly (9ad5d82f8 2022-01-18)" ></div>
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<h1 class="fqn"><span class="in-band">Constant <a href="../index.html">os</a>::<wbr><a href="index.html">sbi</a>::<wbr><a class="constant" href="#">SBI_CLEAR_IPI</a><button id="copy-path" onclick="copy_path(this)" title="Copy item path to clipboard"><img src="../../clipboard.svg" width="19" height="18" alt="Copy item path"></button></span></h1><span class="out-of-band"><a class="srclink" href="../../src/os/sbi.rs.html#8" title="goto source code">source</a> · <a id="toggle-all-docs" href="javascript:void(0)" title="collapse all docs">[<span class="inner">&#x2212;</span>]</a></span></div><div class="docblock item-decl"><pre class="rust const"><code>const SBI_CLEAR_IPI: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.usize.html">usize</a> = 3;</code></pre></div></section><section id="search" class="content hidden"></section></div></main><div id="rustdoc-vars" data-root-path="../../" data-current-crate="os" data-themes="ayu,dark,light" data-resource-suffix="" data-rustdoc-version="1.60.0-nightly (9ad5d82f8 2022-01-18)" ></div>
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<h1 class="fqn"><span class="in-band">Constant <a href="../index.html">os</a>::<wbr><a href="index.html">sbi</a>::<wbr><a class="constant" href="#">SBI_CONSOLE_GETCHAR</a><button id="copy-path" onclick="copy_path(this)" title="Copy item path to clipboard"><img src="../../clipboard.svg" width="19" height="18" alt="Copy item path"></button></span></h1><span class="out-of-band"><a class="srclink" href="../../src/os/sbi.rs.html#7" title="goto source code">source</a> · <a id="toggle-all-docs" href="javascript:void(0)" title="collapse all docs">[<span class="inner">&#x2212;</span>]</a></span></div><div class="docblock item-decl"><pre class="rust const"><code>const SBI_CONSOLE_GETCHAR: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.usize.html">usize</a> = 2;</code></pre></div></section><section id="search" class="content hidden"></section></div></main><div id="rustdoc-vars" data-root-path="../../" data-current-crate="os" data-themes="ayu,dark,light" data-resource-suffix="" data-rustdoc-version="1.60.0-nightly (9ad5d82f8 2022-01-18)" ></div>
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<h1 class="fqn"><span class="in-band">Constant <a href="../index.html">os</a>::<wbr><a href="index.html">sbi</a>::<wbr><a class="constant" href="#">SBI_CONSOLE_PUTCHAR</a><button id="copy-path" onclick="copy_path(this)" title="Copy item path to clipboard"><img src="../../clipboard.svg" width="19" height="18" alt="Copy item path"></button></span></h1><span class="out-of-band"><a class="srclink" href="../../src/os/sbi.rs.html#6" title="goto source code">source</a> · <a id="toggle-all-docs" href="javascript:void(0)" title="collapse all docs">[<span class="inner">&#x2212;</span>]</a></span></div><div class="docblock item-decl"><pre class="rust const"><code>const SBI_CONSOLE_PUTCHAR: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.usize.html">usize</a> = 1;</code></pre></div></section><section id="search" class="content hidden"></section></div></main><div id="rustdoc-vars" data-root-path="../../" data-current-crate="os" data-themes="ayu,dark,light" data-resource-suffix="" data-rustdoc-version="1.60.0-nightly (9ad5d82f8 2022-01-18)" ></div>
<h1 class="fqn"><span class="in-band">Constant <a href="../index.html">os</a>::<wbr><a href="index.html">sbi</a>::<wbr><a class="constant" href="#">SBI_CONSOLE_PUTCHAR</a><button id="copy-path" onclick="copy_path(this)" title="Copy item path to clipboard"><img src="../../clipboard.svg" width="19" height="18" alt="Copy item path"></button></span></h1><span class="out-of-band"><a class="srclink" href="../../src/os/sbi.rs.html#5" title="goto source code">source</a> · <a id="toggle-all-docs" href="javascript:void(0)" title="collapse all docs">[<span class="inner">&#x2212;</span>]</a></span></div><div class="docblock item-decl"><pre class="rust const"><code>const SBI_CONSOLE_PUTCHAR: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.usize.html">usize</a> = 1;</code></pre></div></section><section id="search" class="content hidden"></section></div></main><div id="rustdoc-vars" data-root-path="../../" data-current-crate="os" data-themes="ayu,dark,light" data-resource-suffix="" data-rustdoc-version="1.60.0-nightly (9ad5d82f8 2022-01-18)" ></div>
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ch2/os/sbi/constant.SBI_REMOTE_FENCE_I.html
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<h1 class="fqn"><span class="in-band">Constant <a href="../index.html">os</a>::<wbr><a href="index.html">sbi</a>::<wbr><a class="constant" href="#">SBI_REMOTE_FENCE_I</a><button id="copy-path" onclick="copy_path(this)" title="Copy item path to clipboard"><img src="../../clipboard.svg" width="19" height="18" alt="Copy item path"></button></span></h1><span class="out-of-band"><a class="srclink" href="../../src/os/sbi.rs.html#10" title="goto source code">source</a> · <a id="toggle-all-docs" href="javascript:void(0)" title="collapse all docs">[<span class="inner">&#x2212;</span>]</a></span></div><div class="docblock item-decl"><pre class="rust const"><code>const SBI_REMOTE_FENCE_I: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.usize.html">usize</a> = 5;</code></pre></div></section><section id="search" class="content hidden"></section></div></main><div id="rustdoc-vars" data-root-path="../../" data-current-crate="os" data-themes="ayu,dark,light" data-resource-suffix="" data-rustdoc-version="1.60.0-nightly (9ad5d82f8 2022-01-18)" ></div>
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ch2/os/sbi/constant.SBI_REMOTE_SFENCE_VMA.html
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<h1 class="fqn"><span class="in-band">Constant <a href="../index.html">os</a>::<wbr><a href="index.html">sbi</a>::<wbr><a class="constant" href="#">SBI_REMOTE_SFENCE_VMA</a><button id="copy-path" onclick="copy_path(this)" title="Copy item path to clipboard"><img src="../../clipboard.svg" width="19" height="18" alt="Copy item path"></button></span></h1><span class="out-of-band"><a class="srclink" href="../../src/os/sbi.rs.html#11" title="goto source code">source</a> · <a id="toggle-all-docs" href="javascript:void(0)" title="collapse all docs">[<span class="inner">&#x2212;</span>]</a></span></div><div class="docblock item-decl"><pre class="rust const"><code>const SBI_REMOTE_SFENCE_VMA: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.usize.html">usize</a> = 6;</code></pre></div></section><section id="search" class="content hidden"></section></div></main><div id="rustdoc-vars" data-root-path="../../" data-current-crate="os" data-themes="ayu,dark,light" data-resource-suffix="" data-rustdoc-version="1.60.0-nightly (9ad5d82f8 2022-01-18)" ></div>
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ch2/os/sbi/constant.SBI_REMOTE_SFENCE_VMA_ASID.html
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<h1 class="fqn"><span class="in-band">Constant <a href="../index.html">os</a>::<wbr><a href="index.html">sbi</a>::<wbr><a class="constant" href="#">SBI_REMOTE_SFENCE_VMA_ASID</a><button id="copy-path" onclick="copy_path(this)" title="Copy item path to clipboard"><img src="../../clipboard.svg" width="19" height="18" alt="Copy item path"></button></span></h1><span class="out-of-band"><a class="srclink" href="../../src/os/sbi.rs.html#12" title="goto source code">source</a> · <a id="toggle-all-docs" href="javascript:void(0)" title="collapse all docs">[<span class="inner">&#x2212;</span>]</a></span></div><div class="docblock item-decl"><pre class="rust const"><code>const SBI_REMOTE_SFENCE_VMA_ASID: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.usize.html">usize</a> = 7;</code></pre></div></section><section id="search" class="content hidden"></section></div></main><div id="rustdoc-vars" data-root-path="../../" data-current-crate="os" data-themes="ayu,dark,light" data-resource-suffix="" data-rustdoc-version="1.60.0-nightly (9ad5d82f8 2022-01-18)" ></div>
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ch2/os/sbi/constant.SBI_SEND_IPI.html
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<h1 class="fqn"><span class="in-band">Constant <a href="../index.html">os</a>::<wbr><a href="index.html">sbi</a>::<wbr><a class="constant" href="#">SBI_SEND_IPI</a><button id="copy-path" onclick="copy_path(this)" title="Copy item path to clipboard"><img src="../../clipboard.svg" width="19" height="18" alt="Copy item path"></button></span></h1><span class="out-of-band"><a class="srclink" href="../../src/os/sbi.rs.html#9" title="goto source code">source</a> · <a id="toggle-all-docs" href="javascript:void(0)" title="collapse all docs">[<span class="inner">&#x2212;</span>]</a></span></div><div class="docblock item-decl"><pre class="rust const"><code>const SBI_SEND_IPI: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.usize.html">usize</a> = 4;</code></pre></div></section><section id="search" class="content hidden"></section></div></main><div id="rustdoc-vars" data-root-path="../../" data-current-crate="os" data-themes="ayu,dark,light" data-resource-suffix="" data-rustdoc-version="1.60.0-nightly (9ad5d82f8 2022-01-18)" ></div>
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<h1 class="fqn"><span class="in-band">Constant <a href="../index.html">os</a>::<wbr><a href="index.html">sbi</a>::<wbr><a class="constant" href="#">SBI_SET_TIMER</a><button id="copy-path" onclick="copy_path(this)" title="Copy item path to clipboard"><img src="../../clipboard.svg" width="19" height="18" alt="Copy item path"></button></span></h1><span class="out-of-band"><a class="srclink" href="../../src/os/sbi.rs.html#5" title="goto source code">source</a> · <a id="toggle-all-docs" href="javascript:void(0)" title="collapse all docs">[<span class="inner">&#x2212;</span>]</a></span></div><div class="docblock item-decl"><pre class="rust const"><code>const SBI_SET_TIMER: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.usize.html">usize</a> = 0;</code></pre></div></section><section id="search" class="content hidden"></section></div></main><div id="rustdoc-vars" data-root-path="../../" data-current-crate="os" data-themes="ayu,dark,light" data-resource-suffix="" data-rustdoc-version="1.60.0-nightly (9ad5d82f8 2022-01-18)" ></div>
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ch2/os/sbi/constant.SBI_SHUTDOWN.html
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<noscript><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../noscript.css"></noscript><link rel="alternate icon" type="image/png" href="../../favicon-16x16.png"><link rel="alternate icon" type="image/png" href="../../favicon-32x32.png"><link rel="icon" type="image/svg+xml" href="../../favicon.svg"></head><body class="rustdoc constant"><!--[if lte IE 11]><div class="warning">This old browser is unsupported and will most likely display funky things.</div><![endif]--><nav class="sidebar"><div class="sidebar-menu" role="button">&#9776;</div><a class="sidebar-logo" href="../../os/index.html"><div class="logo-container"><img class="rust-logo" src="../../rust-logo.svg" alt="logo"></div>
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<h1 class="fqn"><span class="in-band">Constant <a href="../index.html">os</a>::<wbr><a href="index.html">sbi</a>::<wbr><a class="constant" href="#">SBI_SHUTDOWN</a><button id="copy-path" onclick="copy_path(this)" title="Copy item path to clipboard"><img src="../../clipboard.svg" width="19" height="18" alt="Copy item path"></button></span></h1><span class="out-of-band"><a class="srclink" href="../../src/os/sbi.rs.html#13" title="goto source code">source</a> · <a id="toggle-all-docs" href="javascript:void(0)" title="collapse all docs">[<span class="inner">&#x2212;</span>]</a></span></div><div class="docblock item-decl"><pre class="rust const"><code>const SBI_SHUTDOWN: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.usize.html">usize</a> = 8;</code></pre></div></section><section id="search" class="content hidden"></section></div></main><div id="rustdoc-vars" data-root-path="../../" data-current-crate="os" data-themes="ayu,dark,light" data-resource-suffix="" data-rustdoc-version="1.60.0-nightly (9ad5d82f8 2022-01-18)" ></div>
<h1 class="fqn"><span class="in-band">Constant <a href="../index.html">os</a>::<wbr><a href="index.html">sbi</a>::<wbr><a class="constant" href="#">SBI_SHUTDOWN</a><button id="copy-path" onclick="copy_path(this)" title="Copy item path to clipboard"><img src="../../clipboard.svg" width="19" height="18" alt="Copy item path"></button></span></h1><span class="out-of-band"><a class="srclink" href="../../src/os/sbi.rs.html#6" title="goto source code">source</a> · <a id="toggle-all-docs" href="javascript:void(0)" title="collapse all docs">[<span class="inner">&#x2212;</span>]</a></span></div><div class="docblock item-decl"><pre class="rust const"><code>const SBI_SHUTDOWN: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.usize.html">usize</a> = 8;</code></pre></div></section><section id="search" class="content hidden"></section></div></main><div id="rustdoc-vars" data-root-path="../../" data-current-crate="os" data-themes="ayu,dark,light" data-resource-suffix="" data-rustdoc-version="1.60.0-nightly (9ad5d82f8 2022-01-18)" ></div>
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ch2/os/sbi/fn.console_getchar.html
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<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"><meta name="generator" content="rustdoc"><meta name="description" content="use sbi call to getchar from console (qemu uart handler)"><meta name="keywords" content="rust, rustlang, rust-lang, console_getchar"><title>console_getchar in os::sbi - Rust</title><link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../../SourceSerif4-Regular.ttf.woff2"><link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../../FiraSans-Regular.woff2"><link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../../FiraSans-Medium.woff2"><link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../../SourceCodePro-Regular.ttf.woff2"><link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../../SourceSerif4-Bold.ttf.woff2"><link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../../SourceCodePro-Semibold.ttf.woff2"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../../normalize.css"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../../rustdoc.css" id="mainThemeStyle"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../../ayu.css" disabled><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../../dark.css" disabled><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../../light.css" id="themeStyle"><script id="default-settings" ></script><script src="../../storage.js"></script><script src="../../crates.js"></script><script defer src="../../main.js"></script>
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<h1 class="fqn"><span class="in-band">Function <a href="../index.html">os</a>::<wbr><a href="index.html">sbi</a>::<wbr><a class="fn" href="#">console_getchar</a><button id="copy-path" onclick="copy_path(this)" title="Copy item path to clipboard"><img src="../../clipboard.svg" width="19" height="18" alt="Copy item path"></button></span></h1><span class="out-of-band"><a class="srclink" href="../../src/os/sbi.rs.html#36-38" title="goto source code">source</a> · <a id="toggle-all-docs" href="javascript:void(0)" title="collapse all docs">[<span class="inner">&#x2212;</span>]</a></span></div><div class="docblock item-decl"><pre class="rust fn"><code>pub fn console_getchar() -&gt; <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.usize.html">usize</a></code></pre></div><details class="rustdoc-toggle top-doc" open><summary class="hideme"><span>Expand description</span></summary><div class="docblock"><p>use sbi call to getchar from console (qemu uart handler)</p>
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ch2/os/sbi/fn.console_putchar.html
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<h1 class="fqn"><span class="in-band">Function <a href="../index.html">os</a>::<wbr><a href="index.html">sbi</a>::<wbr><a class="fn" href="#">console_putchar</a><button id="copy-path" onclick="copy_path(this)" title="Copy item path to clipboard"><img src="../../clipboard.svg" width="19" height="18" alt="Copy item path"></button></span></h1><span class="out-of-band"><a class="srclink" href="../../src/os/sbi.rs.html#31-33" title="goto source code">source</a> · <a id="toggle-all-docs" href="javascript:void(0)" title="collapse all docs">[<span class="inner">&#x2212;</span>]</a></span></div><div class="docblock item-decl"><pre class="rust fn"><code>pub fn console_putchar(c: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.usize.html">usize</a>)</code></pre></div><details class="rustdoc-toggle top-doc" open><summary class="hideme"><span>Expand description</span></summary><div class="docblock"><p>use sbi call to putchar in console (qemu uart handler)</p>
<h1 class="fqn"><span class="in-band">Function <a href="../index.html">os</a>::<wbr><a href="index.html">sbi</a>::<wbr><a class="fn" href="#">console_putchar</a><button id="copy-path" onclick="copy_path(this)" title="Copy item path to clipboard"><img src="../../clipboard.svg" width="19" height="18" alt="Copy item path"></button></span></h1><span class="out-of-band"><a class="srclink" href="../../src/os/sbi.rs.html#32-34" title="goto source code">source</a> · <a id="toggle-all-docs" href="javascript:void(0)" title="collapse all docs">[<span class="inner">&#x2212;</span>]</a></span></div><div class="docblock item-decl"><pre class="rust fn"><code>pub fn console_putchar(c: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.usize.html">usize</a>)</code></pre></div><details class="rustdoc-toggle top-doc" open><summary class="hideme"><span>Expand description</span></summary><div class="docblock"><p>use sbi call to putchar in console (qemu uart handler)</p>
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ch2/os/sbi/fn.sbi_call.html
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<h1 class="fqn"><span class="in-band">Function <a href="../index.html">os</a>::<wbr><a href="index.html">sbi</a>::<wbr><a class="fn" href="#">sbi_call</a><button id="copy-path" onclick="copy_path(this)" title="Copy item path to clipboard"><img src="../../clipboard.svg" width="19" height="18" alt="Copy item path"></button></span></h1><span class="out-of-band"><a class="srclink" href="../../src/os/sbi.rs.html#16-28" title="goto source code">source</a> · <a id="toggle-all-docs" href="javascript:void(0)" title="collapse all docs">[<span class="inner">&#x2212;</span>]</a></span></div><div class="docblock item-decl"><pre class="rust fn"><code>fn sbi_call(which: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.usize.html">usize</a>, arg0: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.usize.html">usize</a>, arg1: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.usize.html">usize</a>, arg2: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.usize.html">usize</a>) -&gt; <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.usize.html">usize</a></code></pre></div></section><section id="search" class="content hidden"></section></div></main><div id="rustdoc-vars" data-root-path="../../" data-current-crate="os" data-themes="ayu,dark,light" data-resource-suffix="" data-rustdoc-version="1.60.0-nightly (9ad5d82f8 2022-01-18)" ></div>
<h1 class="fqn"><span class="in-band">Function <a href="../index.html">os</a>::<wbr><a href="index.html">sbi</a>::<wbr><a class="fn" href="#">sbi_call</a><button id="copy-path" onclick="copy_path(this)" title="Copy item path to clipboard"><img src="../../clipboard.svg" width="19" height="18" alt="Copy item path"></button></span></h1><span class="out-of-band"><a class="srclink" href="../../src/os/sbi.rs.html#17-29" title="goto source code">source</a> · <a id="toggle-all-docs" href="javascript:void(0)" title="collapse all docs">[<span class="inner">&#x2212;</span>]</a></span></div><div class="docblock item-decl"><pre class="rust fn"><code>fn sbi_call(which: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.usize.html">usize</a>, arg0: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.usize.html">usize</a>, arg1: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.usize.html">usize</a>, arg2: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.usize.html">usize</a>) -&gt; <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.usize.html">usize</a></code></pre></div><details class="rustdoc-toggle top-doc" open><summary class="hideme"><span>Expand description</span></summary><div class="docblock"><p>handle SBI call with <code>which</code> SBI_id and other arguments</p>
</div></details></section><section id="search" class="content hidden"></section></div></main><div id="rustdoc-vars" data-root-path="../../" data-current-crate="os" data-themes="ayu,dark,light" data-resource-suffix="" data-rustdoc-version="1.60.0-nightly (9ad5d82f8 2022-01-18)" ></div>
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</a><div class="sidebar-elems"><h2 class="location">Other items in<br><a href="../index.html">os</a>::<wbr><a href="index.html">sbi</a></h2><div id="sidebar-vars" data-name="shutdown" data-ty="fn" data-relpath=""></div><script defer src="sidebar-items.js"></script></div></nav><main><div class="width-limiter"><div class="sub-container"><a class="sub-logo-container" href="../../os/index.html"><img class="rust-logo" src="../../rust-logo.svg" alt="logo"></a><nav class="sub"><div class="theme-picker hidden"><button id="theme-picker" aria-label="Pick another theme!" aria-haspopup="menu" title="themes"><img width="18" height="18" alt="Pick another theme!" src="../../brush.svg"></button><div id="theme-choices" role="menu"></div></div><form class="search-form"><div class="search-container"><div>
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<h1 class="fqn"><span class="in-band">Function <a href="../index.html">os</a>::<wbr><a href="index.html">sbi</a>::<wbr><a class="fn" href="#">shutdown</a><button id="copy-path" onclick="copy_path(this)" title="Copy item path to clipboard"><img src="../../clipboard.svg" width="19" height="18" alt="Copy item path"></button></span></h1><span class="out-of-band"><a class="srclink" href="../../src/os/sbi.rs.html#41-44" title="goto source code">source</a> · <a id="toggle-all-docs" href="javascript:void(0)" title="collapse all docs">[<span class="inner">&#x2212;</span>]</a></span></div><div class="docblock item-decl"><pre class="rust fn"><code>pub fn shutdown() -&gt; <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.never.html">!</a></code></pre></div><details class="rustdoc-toggle top-doc" open><summary class="hideme"><span>Expand description</span></summary><div class="docblock"><p>use sbi call to shutdown the kernel</p>
<h1 class="fqn"><span class="in-band">Function <a href="../index.html">os</a>::<wbr><a href="index.html">sbi</a>::<wbr><a class="fn" href="#">shutdown</a><button id="copy-path" onclick="copy_path(this)" title="Copy item path to clipboard"><img src="../../clipboard.svg" width="19" height="18" alt="Copy item path"></button></span></h1><span class="out-of-band"><a class="srclink" href="../../src/os/sbi.rs.html#42-45" title="goto source code">source</a> · <a id="toggle-all-docs" href="javascript:void(0)" title="collapse all docs">[<span class="inner">&#x2212;</span>]</a></span></div><div class="docblock item-decl"><pre class="rust fn"><code>pub fn shutdown() -&gt; <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.never.html">!</a></code></pre></div><details class="rustdoc-toggle top-doc" open><summary class="hideme"><span>Expand description</span></summary><div class="docblock"><p>use sbi call to getchar from console (qemu uart handler)
use sbi call to shutdown the kernel</p>
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<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"><meta name="generator" content="rustdoc"><meta name="description" content="API documentation for the Rust `sbi` mod in crate `os`."><meta name="keywords" content="rust, rustlang, rust-lang, sbi"><title>os::sbi - Rust</title><link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../../SourceSerif4-Regular.ttf.woff2"><link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../../FiraSans-Regular.woff2"><link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../../FiraSans-Medium.woff2"><link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../../SourceCodePro-Regular.ttf.woff2"><link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../../SourceSerif4-Bold.ttf.woff2"><link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../../SourceCodePro-Semibold.ttf.woff2"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../../normalize.css"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../../rustdoc.css" id="mainThemeStyle"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../../ayu.css" disabled><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../../dark.css" disabled><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../../light.css" id="themeStyle"><script id="default-settings" ></script><script src="../../storage.js"></script><script src="../../crates.js"></script><script defer src="../../main.js"></script>
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</a><h2 class="location"><a href="#">Module sbi</a></h2><div class="sidebar-elems"><div class="block items"><ul><li><a href="#constants">Constants</a></li><li><a href="#functions">Functions</a></li></ul></div><div id="sidebar-vars" data-name="sbi" data-ty="mod" data-relpath="./"></div><script defer src="./sidebar-items.js"></script></div></nav><main><div class="width-limiter"><div class="sub-container"><a class="sub-logo-container" href="../../os/index.html"><img class="rust-logo" src="../../rust-logo.svg" alt="logo"></a><nav class="sub"><div class="theme-picker hidden"><button id="theme-picker" aria-label="Pick another theme!" aria-haspopup="menu" title="themes"><img width="18" height="18" alt="Pick another theme!" src="../../brush.svg"></button><div id="theme-choices" role="menu"></div></div><form class="search-form"><div class="search-container"><div>
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<h1 class="fqn"><span class="in-band">Module <a href="../index.html">os</a>::<wbr><a class="mod" href="#">sbi</a><button id="copy-path" onclick="copy_path(this)" title="Copy item path to clipboard"><img src="../../clipboard.svg" width="19" height="18" alt="Copy item path"></button></span></h1><span class="out-of-band"><a class="srclink" href="../../src/os/sbi.rs.html#1-44" title="goto source code">source</a> · <a id="toggle-all-docs" href="javascript:void(0)" title="collapse all docs">[<span class="inner">&#x2212;</span>]</a></span></div><h2 id="constants" class="small-section-header"><a href="#constants">Constants</a></h2>
<div class="item-table"><div class="item-row"><div class="item-left module-item"><a class="constant" href="constant.SBI_CLEAR_IPI.html" title="os::sbi::SBI_CLEAR_IPI constant">SBI_CLEAR_IPI</a></div><div class="item-right docblock-short"></div></div><div class="item-row"><div class="item-left module-item"><a class="constant" href="constant.SBI_CONSOLE_GETCHAR.html" title="os::sbi::SBI_CONSOLE_GETCHAR constant">SBI_CONSOLE_GETCHAR</a></div><div class="item-right docblock-short"></div></div><div class="item-row"><div class="item-left module-item"><a class="constant" href="constant.SBI_CONSOLE_PUTCHAR.html" title="os::sbi::SBI_CONSOLE_PUTCHAR constant">SBI_CONSOLE_PUTCHAR</a></div><div class="item-right docblock-short"></div></div><div class="item-row"><div class="item-left module-item"><a class="constant" href="constant.SBI_REMOTE_FENCE_I.html" title="os::sbi::SBI_REMOTE_FENCE_I constant">SBI_REMOTE_FENCE_I</a></div><div class="item-right docblock-short"></div></div><div class="item-row"><div class="item-left module-item"><a class="constant" href="constant.SBI_REMOTE_SFENCE_VMA.html" title="os::sbi::SBI_REMOTE_SFENCE_VMA constant">SBI_REMOTE_SFENCE_VMA</a></div><div class="item-right docblock-short"></div></div><div class="item-row"><div class="item-left module-item"><a class="constant" href="constant.SBI_REMOTE_SFENCE_VMA_ASID.html" title="os::sbi::SBI_REMOTE_SFENCE_VMA_ASID constant">SBI_REMOTE_SFENCE_VMA_ASID</a></div><div class="item-right docblock-short"></div></div><div class="item-row"><div class="item-left module-item"><a class="constant" href="constant.SBI_SEND_IPI.html" title="os::sbi::SBI_SEND_IPI constant">SBI_SEND_IPI</a></div><div class="item-right docblock-short"></div></div><div class="item-row"><div class="item-left module-item"><a class="constant" href="constant.SBI_SET_TIMER.html" title="os::sbi::SBI_SET_TIMER constant">SBI_SET_TIMER</a></div><div class="item-right docblock-short"></div></div><div class="item-row"><div class="item-left module-item"><a class="constant" href="constant.SBI_SHUTDOWN.html" title="os::sbi::SBI_SHUTDOWN constant">SBI_SHUTDOWN</a></div><div class="item-right docblock-short"></div></div></div><h2 id="functions" class="small-section-header"><a href="#functions">Functions</a></h2>
<div class="item-table"><div class="item-row"><div class="item-left module-item"><a class="fn" href="fn.console_getchar.html" title="os::sbi::console_getchar fn">console_getchar</a></div><div class="item-right docblock-short"><p>use sbi call to getchar from console (qemu uart handler)</p>
</div></div><div class="item-row"><div class="item-left module-item"><a class="fn" href="fn.console_putchar.html" title="os::sbi::console_putchar fn">console_putchar</a></div><div class="item-right docblock-short"><p>use sbi call to putchar in console (qemu uart handler)</p>
</div></div><div class="item-row"><div class="item-left module-item"><a class="fn" href="fn.sbi_call.html" title="os::sbi::sbi_call fn">sbi_call</a></div><div class="item-right docblock-short"></div></div><div class="item-row"><div class="item-left module-item"><a class="fn" href="fn.shutdown.html" title="os::sbi::shutdown fn">shutdown</a></div><div class="item-right docblock-short"><p>use sbi call to shutdown the kernel</p>
<h1 class="fqn"><span class="in-band">Module <a href="../index.html">os</a>::<wbr><a class="mod" href="#">sbi</a><button id="copy-path" onclick="copy_path(this)" title="Copy item path to clipboard"><img src="../../clipboard.svg" width="19" height="18" alt="Copy item path"></button></span></h1><span class="out-of-band"><a class="srclink" href="../../src/os/sbi.rs.html#1-45" title="goto source code">source</a> · <a id="toggle-all-docs" href="javascript:void(0)" title="collapse all docs">[<span class="inner">&#x2212;</span>]</a></span></div><details class="rustdoc-toggle top-doc" open><summary class="hideme"><span>Expand description</span></summary><div class="docblock"><p>SBI call wrappers</p>
</div></details><h2 id="constants" class="small-section-header"><a href="#constants">Constants</a></h2>
<div class="item-table"><div class="item-row"><div class="item-left module-item"><a class="constant" href="constant.SBI_CONSOLE_PUTCHAR.html" title="os::sbi::SBI_CONSOLE_PUTCHAR constant">SBI_CONSOLE_PUTCHAR</a></div><div class="item-right docblock-short"></div></div><div class="item-row"><div class="item-left module-item"><a class="constant" href="constant.SBI_SHUTDOWN.html" title="os::sbi::SBI_SHUTDOWN constant">SBI_SHUTDOWN</a></div><div class="item-right docblock-short"></div></div></div><h2 id="functions" class="small-section-header"><a href="#functions">Functions</a></h2>
<div class="item-table"><div class="item-row"><div class="item-left module-item"><a class="fn" href="fn.console_putchar.html" title="os::sbi::console_putchar fn">console_putchar</a></div><div class="item-right docblock-short"><p>use sbi call to putchar in console (qemu uart handler)</p>
</div></div><div class="item-row"><div class="item-left module-item"><a class="fn" href="fn.sbi_call.html" title="os::sbi::sbi_call fn">sbi_call</a></div><div class="item-right docblock-short"><p>handle SBI call with <code>which</code> SBI_id and other arguments</p>
</div></div><div class="item-row"><div class="item-left module-item"><a class="fn" href="fn.shutdown.html" title="os::sbi::shutdown fn">shutdown</a></div><div class="item-right docblock-short"><p>use sbi call to getchar from console (qemu uart handler)
use sbi call to shutdown the kernel</p>
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<h1 class="fqn"><span class="in-band">Constant <a href="../index.html">os</a>::<wbr><a href="index.html">syscall</a>::<wbr><a class="constant" href="#">SYSCALL_EXIT</a><button id="copy-path" onclick="copy_path(this)" title="Copy item path to clipboard"><img src="../../clipboard.svg" width="19" height="18" alt="Copy item path"></button></span></h1><span class="out-of-band"><a class="srclink" href="../../src/os/syscall/mod.rs.html#2" title="goto source code">source</a> · <a id="toggle-all-docs" href="javascript:void(0)" title="collapse all docs">[<span class="inner">&#x2212;</span>]</a></span></div><div class="docblock item-decl"><pre class="rust const"><code>const SYSCALL_EXIT: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.usize.html">usize</a> = 93;</code></pre></div></section><section id="search" class="content hidden"></section></div></main><div id="rustdoc-vars" data-root-path="../../" data-current-crate="os" data-themes="ayu,dark,light" data-resource-suffix="" data-rustdoc-version="1.60.0-nightly (9ad5d82f8 2022-01-18)" ></div>
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<h1 class="fqn"><span class="in-band">Constant <a href="../index.html">os</a>::<wbr><a href="index.html">syscall</a>::<wbr><a class="constant" href="#">SYSCALL_WRITE</a><button id="copy-path" onclick="copy_path(this)" title="Copy item path to clipboard"><img src="../../clipboard.svg" width="19" height="18" alt="Copy item path"></button></span></h1><span class="out-of-band"><a class="srclink" href="../../src/os/syscall/mod.rs.html#1" title="goto source code">source</a> · <a id="toggle-all-docs" href="javascript:void(0)" title="collapse all docs">[<span class="inner">&#x2212;</span>]</a></span></div><div class="docblock item-decl"><pre class="rust const"><code>const SYSCALL_WRITE: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.usize.html">usize</a> = 64;</code></pre></div></section><section id="search" class="content hidden"></section></div></main><div id="rustdoc-vars" data-root-path="../../" data-current-crate="os" data-themes="ayu,dark,light" data-resource-suffix="" data-rustdoc-version="1.60.0-nightly (9ad5d82f8 2022-01-18)" ></div>
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<h1 class="fqn"><span class="in-band">Function <a href="../index.html">os</a>::<wbr><a href="index.html">syscall</a>::<wbr><a class="fn" href="#">syscall</a><button id="copy-path" onclick="copy_path(this)" title="Copy item path to clipboard"><img src="../../clipboard.svg" width="19" height="18" alt="Copy item path"></button></span></h1><span class="out-of-band"><a class="srclink" href="../../src/os/syscall/mod.rs.html#11-17" title="goto source code">source</a> · <a id="toggle-all-docs" href="javascript:void(0)" title="collapse all docs">[<span class="inner">&#x2212;</span>]</a></span></div><div class="docblock item-decl"><pre class="rust fn"><code>pub fn syscall(syscall_id: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.usize.html">usize</a>, args: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.array.html">[</a><a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.usize.html">usize</a><a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.array.html">; 3]</a>) -&gt; <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.isize.html">isize</a></code></pre></div><details class="rustdoc-toggle top-doc" open><summary class="hideme"><span>Expand description</span></summary><div class="docblock"><p>handle syscall exception with <code>syscall_id</code> and other arguments</p>
<h1 class="fqn"><span class="in-band">Function <a href="../index.html">os</a>::<wbr><a href="index.html">syscall</a>::<wbr><a class="fn" href="#">syscall</a><button id="copy-path" onclick="copy_path(this)" title="Copy item path to clipboard"><img src="../../clipboard.svg" width="19" height="18" alt="Copy item path"></button></span></h1><span class="out-of-band"><a class="srclink" href="../../src/os/syscall/mod.rs.html#23-29" title="goto source code">source</a> · <a id="toggle-all-docs" href="javascript:void(0)" title="collapse all docs">[<span class="inner">&#x2212;</span>]</a></span></div><div class="docblock item-decl"><pre class="rust fn"><code>pub fn syscall(syscall_id: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.usize.html">usize</a>, args: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.array.html">[</a><a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.usize.html">usize</a><a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.array.html">; 3]</a>) -&gt; <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.isize.html">isize</a></code></pre></div><details class="rustdoc-toggle top-doc" open><summary class="hideme"><span>Expand description</span></summary><div class="docblock"><p>handle syscall exception with <code>syscall_id</code> and other arguments</p>
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<noscript><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../noscript.css"></noscript><link rel="alternate icon" type="image/png" href="../../../favicon-16x16.png"><link rel="alternate icon" type="image/png" href="../../../favicon-32x32.png"><link rel="icon" type="image/svg+xml" href="../../../favicon.svg"></head><body class="rustdoc constant"><!--[if lte IE 11]><div class="warning">This old browser is unsupported and will most likely display funky things.</div><![endif]--><nav class="sidebar"><div class="sidebar-menu" role="button">&#9776;</div><a class="sidebar-logo" href="../../../os/index.html"><div class="logo-container"><img class="rust-logo" src="../../../rust-logo.svg" alt="logo"></div>
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<h1 class="fqn"><span class="in-band">Constant <a href="../../index.html">os</a>::<wbr><a href="../index.html">syscall</a>::<wbr><a href="index.html">fs</a>::<wbr><a class="constant" href="#">FD_STDOUT</a><button id="copy-path" onclick="copy_path(this)" title="Copy item path to clipboard"><img src="../../../clipboard.svg" width="19" height="18" alt="Copy item path"></button></span></h1><span class="out-of-band"><a class="srclink" href="../../../src/os/syscall/fs.rs.html#1" title="goto source code">source</a> · <a id="toggle-all-docs" href="javascript:void(0)" title="collapse all docs">[<span class="inner">&#x2212;</span>]</a></span></div><div class="docblock item-decl"><pre class="rust const"><code>const FD_STDOUT: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.usize.html">usize</a> = 1;</code></pre></div></section><section id="search" class="content hidden"></section></div></main><div id="rustdoc-vars" data-root-path="../../../" data-current-crate="os" data-themes="ayu,dark,light" data-resource-suffix="" data-rustdoc-version="1.60.0-nightly (9ad5d82f8 2022-01-18)" ></div>
<h1 class="fqn"><span class="in-band">Constant <a href="../../index.html">os</a>::<wbr><a href="../index.html">syscall</a>::<wbr><a href="index.html">fs</a>::<wbr><a class="constant" href="#">FD_STDOUT</a><button id="copy-path" onclick="copy_path(this)" title="Copy item path to clipboard"><img src="../../../clipboard.svg" width="19" height="18" alt="Copy item path"></button></span></h1><span class="out-of-band"><a class="srclink" href="../../../src/os/syscall/fs.rs.html#3" title="goto source code">source</a> · <a id="toggle-all-docs" href="javascript:void(0)" title="collapse all docs">[<span class="inner">&#x2212;</span>]</a></span></div><div class="docblock item-decl"><pre class="rust const"><code>const FD_STDOUT: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.usize.html">usize</a> = 1;</code></pre></div></section><section id="search" class="content hidden"></section></div></main><div id="rustdoc-vars" data-root-path="../../../" data-current-crate="os" data-themes="ayu,dark,light" data-resource-suffix="" data-rustdoc-version="1.60.0-nightly (9ad5d82f8 2022-01-18)" ></div>
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<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"><meta name="generator" content="rustdoc"><meta name="description" content="write buf of length `len` to a file with `fd`"><meta name="keywords" content="rust, rustlang, rust-lang, sys_write"><title>sys_write in os::syscall::fs - Rust</title><link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../../../SourceSerif4-Regular.ttf.woff2"><link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../../../FiraSans-Regular.woff2"><link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../../../FiraSans-Medium.woff2"><link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../../../SourceCodePro-Regular.ttf.woff2"><link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../../../SourceSerif4-Bold.ttf.woff2"><link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../../../SourceCodePro-Semibold.ttf.woff2"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../../../normalize.css"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../../../rustdoc.css" id="mainThemeStyle"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../../../ayu.css" disabled><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../../../dark.css" disabled><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../../../light.css" id="themeStyle"><script id="default-settings" ></script><script src="../../../storage.js"></script><script src="../../../crates.js"></script><script defer src="../../../main.js"></script>
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</a><div class="sidebar-elems"><h2 class="location">Other items in<br><a href="../../index.html">os</a>::<wbr><a href="../index.html">syscall</a>::<wbr><a href="index.html">fs</a></h2><div id="sidebar-vars" data-name="sys_write" data-ty="fn" data-relpath=""></div><script defer src="sidebar-items.js"></script></div></nav><main><div class="width-limiter"><div class="sub-container"><a class="sub-logo-container" href="../../../os/index.html"><img class="rust-logo" src="../../../rust-logo.svg" alt="logo"></a><nav class="sub"><div class="theme-picker hidden"><button id="theme-picker" aria-label="Pick another theme!" aria-haspopup="menu" title="themes"><img width="18" height="18" alt="Pick another theme!" src="../../../brush.svg"></button><div id="theme-choices" role="menu"></div></div><form class="search-form"><div class="search-container"><div>
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<h1 class="fqn"><span class="in-band">Function <a href="../../index.html">os</a>::<wbr><a href="../index.html">syscall</a>::<wbr><a href="index.html">fs</a>::<wbr><a class="fn" href="#">sys_write</a><button id="copy-path" onclick="copy_path(this)" title="Copy item path to clipboard"><img src="../../../clipboard.svg" width="19" height="18" alt="Copy item path"></button></span></h1><span class="out-of-band"><a class="srclink" href="../../../src/os/syscall/fs.rs.html#3-15" title="goto source code">source</a> · <a id="toggle-all-docs" href="javascript:void(0)" title="collapse all docs">[<span class="inner">&#x2212;</span>]</a></span></div><div class="docblock item-decl"><pre class="rust fn"><code>pub fn sys_write(fd: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.usize.html">usize</a>, buf: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.pointer.html">*const </a><a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.u8.html">u8</a>, len: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.usize.html">usize</a>) -&gt; <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.isize.html">isize</a></code></pre></div></section><section id="search" class="content hidden"></section></div></main><div id="rustdoc-vars" data-root-path="../../../" data-current-crate="os" data-themes="ayu,dark,light" data-resource-suffix="" data-rustdoc-version="1.60.0-nightly (9ad5d82f8 2022-01-18)" ></div>
<h1 class="fqn"><span class="in-band">Function <a href="../../index.html">os</a>::<wbr><a href="../index.html">syscall</a>::<wbr><a href="index.html">fs</a>::<wbr><a class="fn" href="#">sys_write</a><button id="copy-path" onclick="copy_path(this)" title="Copy item path to clipboard"><img src="../../../clipboard.svg" width="19" height="18" alt="Copy item path"></button></span></h1><span class="out-of-band"><a class="srclink" href="../../../src/os/syscall/fs.rs.html#6-18" title="goto source code">source</a> · <a id="toggle-all-docs" href="javascript:void(0)" title="collapse all docs">[<span class="inner">&#x2212;</span>]</a></span></div><div class="docblock item-decl"><pre class="rust fn"><code>pub fn sys_write(fd: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.usize.html">usize</a>, buf: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.pointer.html">*const </a><a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.u8.html">u8</a>, len: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.usize.html">usize</a>) -&gt; <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.isize.html">isize</a></code></pre></div><details class="rustdoc-toggle top-doc" open><summary class="hideme"><span>Expand description</span></summary><div class="docblock"><p>write buf of length <code>len</code> to a file with <code>fd</code></p>
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</a><h2 class="location"><a href="#">Module fs</a></h2><div class="sidebar-elems"><div class="block items"><ul><li><a href="#constants">Constants</a></li><li><a href="#functions">Functions</a></li></ul></div><div id="sidebar-vars" data-name="fs" data-ty="mod" data-relpath="./"></div><script defer src="./sidebar-items.js"></script></div></nav><main><div class="width-limiter"><div class="sub-container"><a class="sub-logo-container" href="../../../os/index.html"><img class="rust-logo" src="../../../rust-logo.svg" alt="logo"></a><nav class="sub"><div class="theme-picker hidden"><button id="theme-picker" aria-label="Pick another theme!" aria-haspopup="menu" title="themes"><img width="18" height="18" alt="Pick another theme!" src="../../../brush.svg"></button><div id="theme-choices" role="menu"></div></div><form class="search-form"><div class="search-container"><div>
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<h1 class="fqn"><span class="in-band">Module <a href="../../index.html">os</a>::<wbr><a href="../index.html">syscall</a>::<wbr><a class="mod" href="#">fs</a><button id="copy-path" onclick="copy_path(this)" title="Copy item path to clipboard"><img src="../../../clipboard.svg" width="19" height="18" alt="Copy item path"></button></span></h1><span class="out-of-band"><a class="srclink" href="../../../src/os/syscall/fs.rs.html#1-15" title="goto source code">source</a> · <a id="toggle-all-docs" href="javascript:void(0)" title="collapse all docs">[<span class="inner">&#x2212;</span>]</a></span></div><h2 id="constants" class="small-section-header"><a href="#constants">Constants</a></h2>
<h1 class="fqn"><span class="in-band">Module <a href="../../index.html">os</a>::<wbr><a href="../index.html">syscall</a>::<wbr><a class="mod" href="#">fs</a><button id="copy-path" onclick="copy_path(this)" title="Copy item path to clipboard"><img src="../../../clipboard.svg" width="19" height="18" alt="Copy item path"></button></span></h1><span class="out-of-band"><a class="srclink" href="../../../src/os/syscall/fs.rs.html#1-18" title="goto source code">source</a> · <a id="toggle-all-docs" href="javascript:void(0)" title="collapse all docs">[<span class="inner">&#x2212;</span>]</a></span></div><details class="rustdoc-toggle top-doc" open><summary class="hideme"><span>Expand description</span></summary><div class="docblock"><p>File and filesystem-related syscalls</p>
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<div class="item-table"><div class="item-row"><div class="item-left module-item"><a class="constant" href="constant.FD_STDOUT.html" title="os::syscall::fs::FD_STDOUT constant">FD_STDOUT</a></div><div class="item-right docblock-short"></div></div></div><h2 id="functions" class="small-section-header"><a href="#functions">Functions</a></h2>
<div class="item-table"><div class="item-row"><div class="item-left module-item"><a class="fn" href="fn.sys_write.html" title="os::syscall::fs::sys_write fn">sys_write</a></div><div class="item-right docblock-short"></div></div></div></section><section id="search" class="content hidden"></section></div></main><div id="rustdoc-vars" data-root-path="../../../" data-current-crate="os" data-themes="ayu,dark,light" data-resource-suffix="" data-rustdoc-version="1.60.0-nightly (9ad5d82f8 2022-01-18)" ></div>
<div class="item-table"><div class="item-row"><div class="item-left module-item"><a class="fn" href="fn.sys_write.html" title="os::syscall::fs::sys_write fn">sys_write</a></div><div class="item-right docblock-short"><p>write buf of length <code>len</code> to a file with <code>fd</code></p>
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</a><h2 class="location"><a href="#">Module syscall</a></h2><div class="sidebar-elems"><div class="block items"><ul><li><a href="#modules">Modules</a></li><li><a href="#constants">Constants</a></li><li><a href="#functions">Functions</a></li></ul></div><div id="sidebar-vars" data-name="syscall" data-ty="mod" data-relpath="./"></div><script defer src="./sidebar-items.js"></script></div></nav><main><div class="width-limiter"><div class="sub-container"><a class="sub-logo-container" href="../../os/index.html"><img class="rust-logo" src="../../rust-logo.svg" alt="logo"></a><nav class="sub"><div class="theme-picker hidden"><button id="theme-picker" aria-label="Pick another theme!" aria-haspopup="menu" title="themes"><img width="18" height="18" alt="Pick another theme!" src="../../brush.svg"></button><div id="theme-choices" role="menu"></div></div><form class="search-form"><div class="search-container"><div>
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<h1 class="fqn"><span class="in-band">Module <a href="../index.html">os</a>::<wbr><a class="mod" href="#">syscall</a><button id="copy-path" onclick="copy_path(this)" title="Copy item path to clipboard"><img src="../../clipboard.svg" width="19" height="18" alt="Copy item path"></button></span></h1><span class="out-of-band"><a class="srclink" href="../../src/os/syscall/mod.rs.html#1-17" title="goto source code">source</a> · <a id="toggle-all-docs" href="javascript:void(0)" title="collapse all docs">[<span class="inner">&#x2212;</span>]</a></span></div><h2 id="modules" class="small-section-header"><a href="#modules">Modules</a></h2>
<div class="item-table"><div class="item-row"><div class="item-left module-item"><a class="mod" href="fs/index.html" title="os::syscall::fs mod">fs</a></div><div class="item-right docblock-short"></div></div><div class="item-row"><div class="item-left module-item"><a class="mod" href="process/index.html" title="os::syscall::process mod">process</a></div><div class="item-right docblock-short"></div></div></div><h2 id="constants" class="small-section-header"><a href="#constants">Constants</a></h2>
<h1 class="fqn"><span class="in-band">Module <a href="../index.html">os</a>::<wbr><a class="mod" href="#">syscall</a><button id="copy-path" onclick="copy_path(this)" title="Copy item path to clipboard"><img src="../../clipboard.svg" width="19" height="18" alt="Copy item path"></button></span></h1><span class="out-of-band"><a class="srclink" href="../../src/os/syscall/mod.rs.html#1-29" title="goto source code">source</a> · <a id="toggle-all-docs" href="javascript:void(0)" title="collapse all docs">[<span class="inner">&#x2212;</span>]</a></span></div><details class="rustdoc-toggle top-doc" open><summary class="hideme"><span>Expand description</span></summary><div class="docblock"><p>Implementation of syscalls</p>
<p>The single entry point to all system calls, <a href="fn.syscall.html" title="syscall()"><code>syscall()</code></a>, is called
whenever userspace wishes to perform a system call using the <code>ecall</code>
instruction. In this case, the processor raises an ‘Environment call from
U-mode’ exception, which is handled as one of the cases in
<a href="../trap/fn.trap_handler.html" title="crate::trap::trap_handler"><code>crate::trap::trap_handler</code></a>.</p>
<p>For clarity, each single syscall is implemented as its own function, named
<code>sys_</code> then the name of the syscall. You can find functions like this in
submodules, and you should also implement syscalls this way.</p>
</div></details><h2 id="modules" class="small-section-header"><a href="#modules">Modules</a></h2>
<div class="item-table"><div class="item-row"><div class="item-left module-item"><a class="mod" href="fs/index.html" title="os::syscall::fs mod">fs</a></div><div class="item-right docblock-short"><p>File and filesystem-related syscalls</p>
</div></div><div class="item-row"><div class="item-left module-item"><a class="mod" href="process/index.html" title="os::syscall::process mod">process</a></div><div class="item-right docblock-short"><p>App management syscalls</p>
</div></div></div><h2 id="constants" class="small-section-header"><a href="#constants">Constants</a></h2>
<div class="item-table"><div class="item-row"><div class="item-left module-item"><a class="constant" href="constant.SYSCALL_EXIT.html" title="os::syscall::SYSCALL_EXIT constant">SYSCALL_EXIT</a></div><div class="item-right docblock-short"></div></div><div class="item-row"><div class="item-left module-item"><a class="constant" href="constant.SYSCALL_WRITE.html" title="os::syscall::SYSCALL_WRITE constant">SYSCALL_WRITE</a></div><div class="item-right docblock-short"></div></div></div><h2 id="functions" class="small-section-header"><a href="#functions">Functions</a></h2>
<div class="item-table"><div class="item-row"><div class="item-left module-item"><a class="fn" href="fn.syscall.html" title="os::syscall::syscall fn">syscall</a></div><div class="item-right docblock-short"><p>handle syscall exception with <code>syscall_id</code> and other arguments</p>
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</a><div class="sidebar-elems"><h2 class="location">Other items in<br><a href="../../index.html">os</a>::<wbr><a href="../index.html">syscall</a>::<wbr><a href="index.html">process</a></h2><div id="sidebar-vars" data-name="sys_exit" data-ty="fn" data-relpath=""></div><script defer src="sidebar-items.js"></script></div></nav><main><div class="width-limiter"><div class="sub-container"><a class="sub-logo-container" href="../../../os/index.html"><img class="rust-logo" src="../../../rust-logo.svg" alt="logo"></a><nav class="sub"><div class="theme-picker hidden"><button id="theme-picker" aria-label="Pick another theme!" aria-haspopup="menu" title="themes"><img width="18" height="18" alt="Pick another theme!" src="../../../brush.svg"></button><div id="theme-choices" role="menu"></div></div><form class="search-form"><div class="search-container"><div>
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<h1 class="fqn"><span class="in-band">Function <a href="../../index.html">os</a>::<wbr><a href="../index.html">syscall</a>::<wbr><a href="index.html">process</a>::<wbr><a class="fn" href="#">sys_exit</a><button id="copy-path" onclick="copy_path(this)" title="Copy item path to clipboard"><img src="../../../clipboard.svg" width="19" height="18" alt="Copy item path"></button></span></h1><span class="out-of-band"><a class="srclink" href="../../../src/os/syscall/process.rs.html#4-7" title="goto source code">source</a> · <a id="toggle-all-docs" href="javascript:void(0)" title="collapse all docs">[<span class="inner">&#x2212;</span>]</a></span></div><div class="docblock item-decl"><pre class="rust fn"><code>pub fn sys_exit(exit_code: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.i32.html">i32</a>) -&gt; <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.never.html">!</a></code></pre></div><details class="rustdoc-toggle top-doc" open><summary class="hideme"><span>Expand description</span></summary><div class="docblock"><p>task exits and submit an exit code</p>
<h1 class="fqn"><span class="in-band">Function <a href="../../index.html">os</a>::<wbr><a href="../index.html">syscall</a>::<wbr><a href="index.html">process</a>::<wbr><a class="fn" href="#">sys_exit</a><button id="copy-path" onclick="copy_path(this)" title="Copy item path to clipboard"><img src="../../../clipboard.svg" width="19" height="18" alt="Copy item path"></button></span></h1><span class="out-of-band"><a class="srclink" href="../../../src/os/syscall/process.rs.html#5-8" title="goto source code">source</a> · <a id="toggle-all-docs" href="javascript:void(0)" title="collapse all docs">[<span class="inner">&#x2212;</span>]</a></span></div><div class="docblock item-decl"><pre class="rust fn"><code>pub fn sys_exit(exit_code: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.i32.html">i32</a>) -&gt; <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.never.html">!</a></code></pre></div><details class="rustdoc-toggle top-doc" open><summary class="hideme"><span>Expand description</span></summary><div class="docblock"><p>task exits and submit an exit code</p>
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<h1 class="fqn"><span class="in-band">Module <a href="../../index.html">os</a>::<wbr><a href="../index.html">syscall</a>::<wbr><a class="mod" href="#">process</a><button id="copy-path" onclick="copy_path(this)" title="Copy item path to clipboard"><img src="../../../clipboard.svg" width="19" height="18" alt="Copy item path"></button></span></h1><span class="out-of-band"><a class="srclink" href="../../../src/os/syscall/process.rs.html#1-7" title="goto source code">source</a> · <a id="toggle-all-docs" href="javascript:void(0)" title="collapse all docs">[<span class="inner">&#x2212;</span>]</a></span></div><h2 id="functions" class="small-section-header"><a href="#functions">Functions</a></h2>
<h1 class="fqn"><span class="in-band">Module <a href="../../index.html">os</a>::<wbr><a href="../index.html">syscall</a>::<wbr><a class="mod" href="#">process</a><button id="copy-path" onclick="copy_path(this)" title="Copy item path to clipboard"><img src="../../../clipboard.svg" width="19" height="18" alt="Copy item path"></button></span></h1><span class="out-of-band"><a class="srclink" href="../../../src/os/syscall/process.rs.html#1-8" title="goto source code">source</a> · <a id="toggle-all-docs" href="javascript:void(0)" title="collapse all docs">[<span class="inner">&#x2212;</span>]</a></span></div><details class="rustdoc-toggle top-doc" open><summary class="hideme"><span>Expand description</span></summary><div class="docblock"><p>App management syscalls</p>
</div></details><h2 id="functions" class="small-section-header"><a href="#functions">Functions</a></h2>
<div class="item-table"><div class="item-row"><div class="item-left module-item"><a class="fn" href="fn.sys_exit.html" title="os::syscall::process::sys_exit fn">sys_exit</a></div><div class="item-right docblock-short"><p>task exits and submit an exit code</p>
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<div class="item-table"><div class="item-row"><div class="item-left module-item"><a class="struct" href="struct.TrapContext.html" title="os::trap::context::TrapContext struct">TrapContext</a></div><div class="item-right docblock-short"></div></div></div></section><section id="search" class="content hidden"></section></div></main><div id="rustdoc-vars" data-root-path="../../../" data-current-crate="os" data-themes="ayu,dark,light" data-resource-suffix="" data-rustdoc-version="1.60.0-nightly (9ad5d82f8 2022-01-18)" ></div>
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<div class="item-table"><div class="item-row"><div class="item-left module-item"><a class="struct" href="struct.TrapContext.html" title="os::trap::context::TrapContext struct">TrapContext</a></div><div class="item-right docblock-short"><p>Trap Context</p>
</div></div></div></section><section id="search" class="content hidden"></section></div></main><div id="rustdoc-vars" data-root-path="../../../" data-current-crate="os" data-themes="ayu,dark,light" data-resource-suffix="" data-rustdoc-version="1.60.0-nightly (9ad5d82f8 2022-01-18)" ></div>
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initSidebarItems({"struct":[["TrapContext",""]]});
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<noscript><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../noscript.css"></noscript><link rel="alternate icon" type="image/png" href="../../favicon-16x16.png"><link rel="alternate icon" type="image/png" href="../../favicon-32x32.png"><link rel="icon" type="image/svg+xml" href="../../favicon.svg"></head><body class="rustdoc fn"><!--[if lte IE 11]><div class="warning">This old browser is unsupported and will most likely display funky things.</div><![endif]--><nav class="sidebar"><div class="sidebar-menu" role="button">&#9776;</div><a class="sidebar-logo" href="../../os/index.html"><div class="logo-container"><img class="rust-logo" src="../../rust-logo.svg" alt="logo"></div>
</a><div class="sidebar-elems"><h2 class="location">Other items in<br><a href="../index.html">os</a>::<wbr><a href="index.html">trap</a></h2><div id="sidebar-vars" data-name="init" data-ty="fn" data-relpath=""></div><script defer src="sidebar-items.js"></script></div></nav><main><div class="width-limiter"><div class="sub-container"><a class="sub-logo-container" href="../../os/index.html"><img class="rust-logo" src="../../rust-logo.svg" alt="logo"></a><nav class="sub"><div class="theme-picker hidden"><button id="theme-picker" aria-label="Pick another theme!" aria-haspopup="menu" title="themes"><img width="18" height="18" alt="Pick another theme!" src="../../brush.svg"></button><div id="theme-choices" role="menu"></div></div><form class="search-form"><div class="search-container"><div>
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<h1 class="fqn"><span class="in-band">Function <a href="../index.html">os</a>::<wbr><a href="index.html">trap</a>::<wbr><a class="fn" href="#">init</a><button id="copy-path" onclick="copy_path(this)" title="Copy item path to clipboard"><img src="../../clipboard.svg" width="19" height="18" alt="Copy item path"></button></span></h1><span class="out-of-band"><a class="srclink" href="../../src/os/trap/mod.rs.html#15-22" title="goto source code">source</a> · <a id="toggle-all-docs" href="javascript:void(0)" title="collapse all docs">[<span class="inner">&#x2212;</span>]</a></span></div><div class="docblock item-decl"><pre class="rust fn"><code>pub fn init()</code></pre></div><details class="rustdoc-toggle top-doc" open><summary class="hideme"><span>Expand description</span></summary><div class="docblock"><p>initialize CSR <code>stvec</code> as the entry of <code>__alltraps</code></p>
<h1 class="fqn"><span class="in-band">Function <a href="../index.html">os</a>::<wbr><a href="index.html">trap</a>::<wbr><a class="fn" href="#">init</a><button id="copy-path" onclick="copy_path(this)" title="Copy item path to clipboard"><img src="../../clipboard.svg" width="19" height="18" alt="Copy item path"></button></span></h1><span class="out-of-band"><a class="srclink" href="../../src/os/trap/mod.rs.html#29-36" title="goto source code">source</a> · <a id="toggle-all-docs" href="javascript:void(0)" title="collapse all docs">[<span class="inner">&#x2212;</span>]</a></span></div><div class="docblock item-decl"><pre class="rust fn"><code>pub fn init()</code></pre></div><details class="rustdoc-toggle top-doc" open><summary class="hideme"><span>Expand description</span></summary><div class="docblock"><p>initialize CSR <code>stvec</code> as the entry of <code>__alltraps</code></p>
</div></details></section><section id="search" class="content hidden"></section></div></main><div id="rustdoc-vars" data-root-path="../../" data-current-crate="os" data-themes="ayu,dark,light" data-resource-suffix="" data-rustdoc-version="1.60.0-nightly (9ad5d82f8 2022-01-18)" ></div>
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<noscript><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../noscript.css"></noscript><link rel="alternate icon" type="image/png" href="../../favicon-16x16.png"><link rel="alternate icon" type="image/png" href="../../favicon-32x32.png"><link rel="icon" type="image/svg+xml" href="../../favicon.svg"></head><body class="rustdoc fn"><!--[if lte IE 11]><div class="warning">This old browser is unsupported and will most likely display funky things.</div><![endif]--><nav class="sidebar"><div class="sidebar-menu" role="button">&#9776;</div><a class="sidebar-logo" href="../../os/index.html"><div class="logo-container"><img class="rust-logo" src="../../rust-logo.svg" alt="logo"></div>
</a><div class="sidebar-elems"><h2 class="location">Other items in<br><a href="../index.html">os</a>::<wbr><a href="index.html">trap</a></h2><div id="sidebar-vars" data-name="trap_handler" data-ty="fn" data-relpath=""></div><script defer src="sidebar-items.js"></script></div></nav><main><div class="width-limiter"><div class="sub-container"><a class="sub-logo-container" href="../../os/index.html"><img class="rust-logo" src="../../rust-logo.svg" alt="logo"></a><nav class="sub"><div class="theme-picker hidden"><button id="theme-picker" aria-label="Pick another theme!" aria-haspopup="menu" title="themes"><img width="18" height="18" alt="Pick another theme!" src="../../brush.svg"></button><div id="theme-choices" role="menu"></div></div><form class="search-form"><div class="search-container"><div>
<input class="search-input" name="search" autocomplete="off" spellcheck="false" placeholder="Click or press ‘S’ to search, ‘?’ for more options…" type="search"></div><button type="button" id="help-button" title="help">?</button><a id="settings-menu" href="../../settings.html" title="settings"><img width="18" height="18" alt="Change settings" src="../../wheel.svg"></a></div></form></nav></div><section id="main-content" class="content"><div class="main-heading">
<h1 class="fqn"><span class="in-band">Function <a href="../index.html">os</a>::<wbr><a href="index.html">trap</a>::<wbr><a class="fn" href="#">trap_handler</a><button id="copy-path" onclick="copy_path(this)" title="Copy item path to clipboard"><img src="../../clipboard.svg" width="19" height="18" alt="Copy item path"></button></span></h1><span class="out-of-band"><a class="srclink" href="../../src/os/trap/mod.rs.html#26-51" title="goto source code">source</a> · <a id="toggle-all-docs" href="javascript:void(0)" title="collapse all docs">[<span class="inner">&#x2212;</span>]</a></span></div><div class="docblock item-decl"><pre class="rust fn"><code>#[no_mangle]
<h1 class="fqn"><span class="in-band">Function <a href="../index.html">os</a>::<wbr><a href="index.html">trap</a>::<wbr><a class="fn" href="#">trap_handler</a><button id="copy-path" onclick="copy_path(this)" title="Copy item path to clipboard"><img src="../../clipboard.svg" width="19" height="18" alt="Copy item path"></button></span></h1><span class="out-of-band"><a class="srclink" href="../../src/os/trap/mod.rs.html#40-65" title="goto source code">source</a> · <a id="toggle-all-docs" href="javascript:void(0)" title="collapse all docs">[<span class="inner">&#x2212;</span>]</a></span></div><div class="docblock item-decl"><pre class="rust fn"><code>#[no_mangle]
pub fn trap_handler(cx: &amp;mut <a class="struct" href="context/struct.TrapContext.html" title="struct os::trap::context::TrapContext">TrapContext</a>) -&gt; &amp;mut <a class="struct" href="context/struct.TrapContext.html" title="struct os::trap::context::TrapContext">TrapContext</a></code></pre></div><details class="rustdoc-toggle top-doc" open><summary class="hideme"><span>Expand description</span></summary><div class="docblock"><p>handle an interrupt, exception, or system call from user space</p>
</div></details></section><section id="search" class="content hidden"></section></div></main><div id="rustdoc-vars" data-root-path="../../" data-current-crate="os" data-themes="ayu,dark,light" data-resource-suffix="" data-rustdoc-version="1.60.0-nightly (9ad5d82f8 2022-01-18)" ></div>
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<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"><meta name="generator" content="rustdoc"><meta name="description" content="API documentation for the Rust `trap` mod in crate `os`."><meta name="keywords" content="rust, rustlang, rust-lang, trap"><title>os::trap - Rust</title><link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../../SourceSerif4-Regular.ttf.woff2"><link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../../FiraSans-Regular.woff2"><link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../../FiraSans-Medium.woff2"><link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../../SourceCodePro-Regular.ttf.woff2"><link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../../SourceSerif4-Bold.ttf.woff2"><link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../../SourceCodePro-Semibold.ttf.woff2"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../../normalize.css"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../../rustdoc.css" id="mainThemeStyle"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../../ayu.css" disabled><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../../dark.css" disabled><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../../light.css" id="themeStyle"><script id="default-settings" ></script><script src="../../storage.js"></script><script src="../../crates.js"></script><script defer src="../../main.js"></script>
<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"><meta name="generator" content="rustdoc"><meta name="description" content="Trap handling functionality"><meta name="keywords" content="rust, rustlang, rust-lang, trap"><title>os::trap - Rust</title><link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../../SourceSerif4-Regular.ttf.woff2"><link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../../FiraSans-Regular.woff2"><link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../../FiraSans-Medium.woff2"><link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../../SourceCodePro-Regular.ttf.woff2"><link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../../SourceSerif4-Bold.ttf.woff2"><link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../../SourceCodePro-Semibold.ttf.woff2"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../../normalize.css"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../../rustdoc.css" id="mainThemeStyle"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../../ayu.css" disabled><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../../dark.css" disabled><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../../light.css" id="themeStyle"><script id="default-settings" ></script><script src="../../storage.js"></script><script src="../../crates.js"></script><script defer src="../../main.js"></script>
<noscript><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../noscript.css"></noscript><link rel="alternate icon" type="image/png" href="../../favicon-16x16.png"><link rel="alternate icon" type="image/png" href="../../favicon-32x32.png"><link rel="icon" type="image/svg+xml" href="../../favicon.svg"></head><body class="rustdoc mod"><!--[if lte IE 11]><div class="warning">This old browser is unsupported and will most likely display funky things.</div><![endif]--><nav class="sidebar"><div class="sidebar-menu" role="button">&#9776;</div><a class="sidebar-logo" href="../../os/index.html"><div class="logo-container"><img class="rust-logo" src="../../rust-logo.svg" alt="logo"></div>
</a><h2 class="location"><a href="#">Module trap</a></h2><div class="sidebar-elems"><div class="block items"><ul><li><a href="#modules">Modules</a></li><li><a href="#functions">Functions</a></li></ul></div><div id="sidebar-vars" data-name="trap" data-ty="mod" data-relpath="./"></div><script defer src="./sidebar-items.js"></script></div></nav><main><div class="width-limiter"><div class="sub-container"><a class="sub-logo-container" href="../../os/index.html"><img class="rust-logo" src="../../rust-logo.svg" alt="logo"></a><nav class="sub"><div class="theme-picker hidden"><button id="theme-picker" aria-label="Pick another theme!" aria-haspopup="menu" title="themes"><img width="18" height="18" alt="Pick another theme!" src="../../brush.svg"></button><div id="theme-choices" role="menu"></div></div><form class="search-form"><div class="search-container"><div>
</a><h2 class="location"><a href="#">Module trap</a></h2><div class="sidebar-elems"><div class="block items"><ul><li><a href="#modules">Modules</a></li><li><a href="#structs">Structs</a></li><li><a href="#functions">Functions</a></li></ul></div><div id="sidebar-vars" data-name="trap" data-ty="mod" data-relpath="./"></div><script defer src="./sidebar-items.js"></script></div></nav><main><div class="width-limiter"><div class="sub-container"><a class="sub-logo-container" href="../../os/index.html"><img class="rust-logo" src="../../rust-logo.svg" alt="logo"></a><nav class="sub"><div class="theme-picker hidden"><button id="theme-picker" aria-label="Pick another theme!" aria-haspopup="menu" title="themes"><img width="18" height="18" alt="Pick another theme!" src="../../brush.svg"></button><div id="theme-choices" role="menu"></div></div><form class="search-form"><div class="search-container"><div>
<input class="search-input" name="search" autocomplete="off" spellcheck="false" placeholder="Click or press ‘S’ to search, ‘?’ for more options…" type="search"></div><button type="button" id="help-button" title="help">?</button><a id="settings-menu" href="../../settings.html" title="settings"><img width="18" height="18" alt="Change settings" src="../../wheel.svg"></a></div></form></nav></div><section id="main-content" class="content"><div class="main-heading">
<h1 class="fqn"><span class="in-band">Module <a href="../index.html">os</a>::<wbr><a class="mod" href="#">trap</a><button id="copy-path" onclick="copy_path(this)" title="Copy item path to clipboard"><img src="../../clipboard.svg" width="19" height="18" alt="Copy item path"></button></span></h1><span class="out-of-band"><a class="srclink" href="../../src/os/trap/mod.rs.html#1-53" title="goto source code">source</a> · <a id="toggle-all-docs" href="javascript:void(0)" title="collapse all docs">[<span class="inner">&#x2212;</span>]</a></span></div><h2 id="reexports" class="small-section-header"><a href="#reexports">Re-exports</a></h2>
<div class="item-table"><div class="item-row"><div class="item-left import-item"><code>pub use context::<a class="struct" href="context/struct.TrapContext.html" title="struct os::trap::context::TrapContext">TrapContext</a>;</code></div><div class="item-right docblock-short"></div></div></div><h2 id="modules" class="small-section-header"><a href="#modules">Modules</a></h2>
<div class="item-table"><div class="item-row"><div class="item-left module-item"><a class="mod" href="context/index.html" title="os::trap::context mod">context</a></div><div class="item-right docblock-short"></div></div></div><h2 id="functions" class="small-section-header"><a href="#functions">Functions</a></h2>
<h1 class="fqn"><span class="in-band">Module <a href="../index.html">os</a>::<wbr><a class="mod" href="#">trap</a><button id="copy-path" onclick="copy_path(this)" title="Copy item path to clipboard"><img src="../../clipboard.svg" width="19" height="18" alt="Copy item path"></button></span></h1><span class="out-of-band"><a class="srclink" href="../../src/os/trap/mod.rs.html#1-67" title="goto source code">source</a> · <a id="toggle-all-docs" href="javascript:void(0)" title="collapse all docs">[<span class="inner">&#x2212;</span>]</a></span></div><details class="rustdoc-toggle top-doc" open><summary class="hideme"><span>Expand description</span></summary><div class="docblock"><p>Trap handling functionality</p>
<p>For rCore, we have a single trap entry point, namely <code>__alltraps</code>. At
initialization in <a href="fn.init.html" title="init()"><code>init()</code></a>, we set the <code>stvec</code> CSR to point to it.</p>
<p>All traps go through <code>__alltraps</code>, which is defined in <code>trap.S</code>. The
assembly language code does just enough work restore the kernel space
context, ensuring that Rust code safely runs, and transfers control to
<a href="fn.trap_handler.html" title="trap_handler()"><code>trap_handler()</code></a>.</p>
<p>It then calls different functionality based on what exactly the exception
was. For example, timer interrupts trigger task preemption, and syscalls go
to <a href="../syscall/fn.syscall.html" title="syscall()"><code>syscall()</code></a>.</p>
</div></details><h2 id="modules" class="small-section-header"><a href="#modules">Modules</a></h2>
<div class="item-table"><div class="item-row"><div class="item-left module-item"><a class="mod" href="context/index.html" title="os::trap::context mod">context</a></div><div class="item-right docblock-short"></div></div></div><h2 id="structs" class="small-section-header"><a href="#structs">Structs</a></h2>
<div class="item-table"><div class="item-row"><div class="item-left module-item"><a class="struct" href="struct.TrapContext.html" title="os::trap::TrapContext struct">TrapContext</a></div><div class="item-right docblock-short"><p>Trap Context</p>
</div></div></div><h2 id="functions" class="small-section-header"><a href="#functions">Functions</a></h2>
<div class="item-table"><div class="item-row"><div class="item-left module-item"><a class="fn" href="fn.init.html" title="os::trap::init fn">init</a></div><div class="item-right docblock-short"><p>initialize CSR <code>stvec</code> as the entry of <code>__alltraps</code></p>
</div></div><div class="item-row"><div class="item-left module-item"><a class="fn" href="fn.trap_handler.html" title="os::trap::trap_handler fn">trap_handler</a></div><div class="item-right docblock-short"><p>handle an interrupt, exception, or system call from user space</p>
</div></div></div></section><section id="search" class="content hidden"></section></div></main><div id="rustdoc-vars" data-root-path="../../" data-current-crate="os" data-themes="ayu,dark,light" data-resource-suffix="" data-rustdoc-version="1.60.0-nightly (9ad5d82f8 2022-01-18)" ></div>

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</a><h2 class="location"><a href="#">Struct TrapContext</a></h2><div class="sidebar-elems"><div class="block items"><h3 class="sidebar-title"><a href="#fields">Fields</a></h3><div class="sidebar-links"><a href="#structfield.sepc">sepc</a><a href="#structfield.sstatus">sstatus</a><a href="#structfield.x">x</a></div><h3 class="sidebar-title"><a href="#implementations">Methods</a></h3><div class="sidebar-links"><a href="#method.app_init_context">app_init_context</a><a href="#method.set_sp">set_sp</a></div><h3 class="sidebar-title"><a href="#synthetic-implementations">Auto Trait Implementations</a></h3><div class="sidebar-links"><a href="#impl-RefUnwindSafe">RefUnwindSafe</a><a href="#impl-Send">Send</a><a href="#impl-Sync">Sync</a><a href="#impl-Unpin">Unpin</a><a href="#impl-UnwindSafe">UnwindSafe</a></div><h3 class="sidebar-title"><a href="#blanket-implementations">Blanket Implementations</a></h3><div class="sidebar-links"><a href="#impl-Any">Any</a><a href="#impl-Borrow%3CT%3E">Borrow&lt;T&gt;</a><a href="#impl-BorrowMut%3CT%3E">BorrowMut&lt;T&gt;</a><a href="#impl-From%3CT%3E">From&lt;T&gt;</a><a href="#impl-Into%3CU%3E">Into&lt;U&gt;</a><a href="#impl-TryFrom%3CU%3E">TryFrom&lt;U&gt;</a><a href="#impl-TryInto%3CU%3E">TryInto&lt;U&gt;</a></div></div><h2 class="location">Other items in<br><a href="../index.html">os</a>::<wbr><a href="index.html">trap</a></h2><div id="sidebar-vars" data-name="TrapContext" data-ty="struct" data-relpath=""></div><script defer src="sidebar-items.js"></script></div></nav><main><div class="width-limiter"><div class="sub-container"><a class="sub-logo-container" href="../../os/index.html"><img class="rust-logo" src="../../rust-logo.svg" alt="logo"></a><nav class="sub"><div class="theme-picker hidden"><button id="theme-picker" aria-label="Pick another theme!" aria-haspopup="menu" title="themes"><img width="18" height="18" alt="Pick another theme!" src="../../brush.svg"></button><div id="theme-choices" role="menu"></div></div><form class="search-form"><div class="search-container"><div>
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<h1 class="fqn"><span class="in-band">Struct <a href="../index.html">os</a>::<wbr><a href="index.html">trap</a>::<wbr><a class="struct" href="#">TrapContext</a><button id="copy-path" onclick="copy_path(this)" title="Copy item path to clipboard"><img src="../../clipboard.svg" width="19" height="18" alt="Copy item path"></button></span></h1><span class="out-of-band"><a class="srclink" href="../../src/os/trap/context.rs.html#4-11" title="goto source code">source</a> · <a id="toggle-all-docs" href="javascript:void(0)" title="collapse all docs">[<span class="inner">&#x2212;</span>]</a></span></div><div class="docblock item-decl"><pre class="rust struct"><code><div class="code-attribute">#[repr(C)]</div>pub struct TrapContext {
pub x: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.array.html">[</a><a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.usize.html">usize</a><a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.array.html">; 32]</a>,
pub sstatus: Sstatus,
pub sepc: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.usize.html">usize</a>,
}</code></pre></div><details class="rustdoc-toggle top-doc" open><summary class="hideme"><span>Expand description</span></summary><div class="docblock"><p>Trap Context</p>
</div></details><h2 id="fields" class="fields small-section-header">Fields<a href="#fields" class="anchor"></a></h2><span id="structfield.x" class="structfield small-section-header"><a href="#structfield.x" class="anchor field"></a><code>x: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.array.html">[</a><a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.usize.html">usize</a><a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.array.html">; 32]</a></code></span><div class="docblock"><p>general regs[0..31]</p>
</div><span id="structfield.sstatus" class="structfield small-section-header"><a href="#structfield.sstatus" class="anchor field"></a><code>sstatus: Sstatus</code></span><div class="docblock"><p>CSR sstatus </p>
</div><span id="structfield.sepc" class="structfield small-section-header"><a href="#structfield.sepc" class="anchor field"></a><code>sepc: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.usize.html">usize</a></code></span><div class="docblock"><p>CSR sepc</p>
</div><h2 id="implementations" class="small-section-header">Implementations<a href="#implementations" class="anchor"></a></h2><details class="rustdoc-toggle implementors-toggle" open><summary><div id="impl" class="impl has-srclink"><div class="rightside"><a class="srclink" href="../../src/os/trap/context.rs.html#13-30" title="goto source code">source</a></div><a href="#impl" class="anchor"></a><h3 class="code-header in-band">impl <a class="struct" href="context/struct.TrapContext.html" title="struct os::trap::context::TrapContext">TrapContext</a></h3></div></summary><div class="impl-items"><details class="rustdoc-toggle method-toggle" open><summary><div id="method.set_sp" class="method has-srclink"><div class="rightside"><a class="srclink" href="../../src/os/trap/context.rs.html#15-17" title="goto source code">source</a></div><a href="#method.set_sp" class="anchor"></a><h4 class="code-header">pub fn <a href="#method.set_sp" class="fnname">set_sp</a>(&amp;mut self, sp: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.usize.html">usize</a>)</h4></div></summary><div class="docblock"><p>set stack pointer to x_2 reg (sp)</p>
</div></details><details class="rustdoc-toggle method-toggle" open><summary><div id="method.app_init_context" class="method has-srclink"><div class="rightside"><a class="srclink" href="../../src/os/trap/context.rs.html#19-29" title="goto source code">source</a></div><a href="#method.app_init_context" class="anchor"></a><h4 class="code-header">pub fn <a href="#method.app_init_context" class="fnname">app_init_context</a>(entry: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.usize.html">usize</a>, sp: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.usize.html">usize</a>) -&gt; Self</h4></div></summary><div class="docblock"><p>init app context</p>
</div></details></div></details><h2 id="synthetic-implementations" class="small-section-header">Auto Trait Implementations<a href="#synthetic-implementations" class="anchor"></a></h2><div id="synthetic-implementations-list"><div id="impl-RefUnwindSafe" class="impl has-srclink"><div class="rightside"></div><a href="#impl-RefUnwindSafe" class="anchor"></a><h3 class="code-header in-band">impl <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/panic/unwind_safe/trait.RefUnwindSafe.html" title="trait core::panic::unwind_safe::RefUnwindSafe">RefUnwindSafe</a> for <a class="struct" href="context/struct.TrapContext.html" title="struct os::trap::context::TrapContext">TrapContext</a></h3></div><div id="impl-Send" class="impl has-srclink"><div class="rightside"></div><a href="#impl-Send" class="anchor"></a><h3 class="code-header in-band">impl <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/marker/trait.Send.html" title="trait core::marker::Send">Send</a> for <a class="struct" href="context/struct.TrapContext.html" title="struct os::trap::context::TrapContext">TrapContext</a></h3></div><div id="impl-Sync" class="impl has-srclink"><div class="rightside"></div><a href="#impl-Sync" class="anchor"></a><h3 class="code-header in-band">impl <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/marker/trait.Sync.html" title="trait core::marker::Sync">Sync</a> for <a class="struct" href="context/struct.TrapContext.html" title="struct os::trap::context::TrapContext">TrapContext</a></h3></div><div id="impl-Unpin" class="impl has-srclink"><div class="rightside"></div><a href="#impl-Unpin" class="anchor"></a><h3 class="code-header in-band">impl <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/marker/trait.Unpin.html" title="trait core::marker::Unpin">Unpin</a> for <a class="struct" href="context/struct.TrapContext.html" title="struct os::trap::context::TrapContext">TrapContext</a></h3></div><div id="impl-UnwindSafe" class="impl has-srclink"><div class="rightside"></div><a href="#impl-UnwindSafe" class="anchor"></a><h3 class="code-header in-band">impl <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/panic/unwind_safe/trait.UnwindSafe.html" title="trait core::panic::unwind_safe::UnwindSafe">UnwindSafe</a> for <a class="struct" href="context/struct.TrapContext.html" title="struct os::trap::context::TrapContext">TrapContext</a></h3></div></div><h2 id="blanket-implementations" class="small-section-header">Blanket Implementations<a href="#blanket-implementations" class="anchor"></a></h2><div id="blanket-implementations-list"><details class="rustdoc-toggle implementors-toggle" open><summary><div id="impl-Any" class="impl has-srclink"><div class="rightside"><a class="srclink" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/src/core/any.rs.html#132-136" title="goto source code">source</a></div><a href="#impl-Any" class="anchor"></a><h3 class="code-header in-band">impl&lt;T&gt; <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/any/trait.Any.html" title="trait core::any::Any">Any</a> for T <span class="where fmt-newline">where<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;T: 'static + ?<a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/marker/trait.Sized.html" title="trait core::marker::Sized">Sized</a>,&nbsp;</span></h3></div></summary><div class="impl-items"><details class="rustdoc-toggle method-toggle" open><summary><div id="method.type_id" class="method trait-impl has-srclink"><div class="rightside"><a class="srclink" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/src/core/any.rs.html#133" title="goto source code">source</a></div><a href="#method.type_id" class="anchor"></a><h4 class="code-header">pub fn <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/any/trait.Any.html#tymethod.type_id" class="fnname">type_id</a>(&amp;self) -&gt; <a class="struct" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/any/struct.TypeId.html" title="struct core::any::TypeId">TypeId</a></h4></div></summary><div class='docblock'><p>Gets the <code>TypeId</code> of <code>self</code>. <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/any/trait.Any.html#tymethod.type_id">Read more</a></p>
</div></details></div></details><details class="rustdoc-toggle implementors-toggle" open><summary><div id="impl-Borrow%3CT%3E" class="impl has-srclink"><div class="rightside"><a class="srclink" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/src/core/borrow.rs.html#209-214" title="goto source code">source</a></div><a href="#impl-Borrow%3CT%3E" class="anchor"></a><h3 class="code-header in-band">impl&lt;T&gt; <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/borrow/trait.Borrow.html" title="trait core::borrow::Borrow">Borrow</a>&lt;T&gt; for T <span class="where fmt-newline">where<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;T: ?<a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/marker/trait.Sized.html" title="trait core::marker::Sized">Sized</a>,&nbsp;</span></h3></div></summary><div class="impl-items"><details class="rustdoc-toggle method-toggle" open><summary><div id="method.borrow" class="method trait-impl has-srclink"><div class="rightside"><a class="srclink" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/src/core/borrow.rs.html#211" title="goto source code">source</a></div><a href="#method.borrow" class="anchor"></a><h4 class="code-header">pub fn <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/borrow/trait.Borrow.html#tymethod.borrow" class="fnname">borrow</a>(&amp;self) -&gt; <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.reference.html">&amp;</a>T</h4></div></summary><div class='docblock'><p>Immutably borrows from an owned value. <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/borrow/trait.Borrow.html#tymethod.borrow">Read more</a></p>
</div></details></div></details><details class="rustdoc-toggle implementors-toggle" open><summary><div id="impl-BorrowMut%3CT%3E" class="impl has-srclink"><div class="rightside"><a class="srclink" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/src/core/borrow.rs.html#218-222" title="goto source code">source</a></div><a href="#impl-BorrowMut%3CT%3E" class="anchor"></a><h3 class="code-header in-band">impl&lt;T&gt; <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/borrow/trait.BorrowMut.html" title="trait core::borrow::BorrowMut">BorrowMut</a>&lt;T&gt; for T <span class="where fmt-newline">where<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;T: ?<a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/marker/trait.Sized.html" title="trait core::marker::Sized">Sized</a>,&nbsp;</span></h3></div></summary><div class="impl-items"><details class="rustdoc-toggle method-toggle" open><summary><div id="method.borrow_mut" class="method trait-impl has-srclink"><div class="rightside"><a class="srclink" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/src/core/borrow.rs.html#219" title="goto source code">source</a></div><a href="#method.borrow_mut" class="anchor"></a><h4 class="code-header">pub fn <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/borrow/trait.BorrowMut.html#tymethod.borrow_mut" class="fnname">borrow_mut</a>(&amp;mut self) -&gt; <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/primitive.reference.html">&amp;mut </a>T</h4></div></summary><div class='docblock'><p>Mutably borrows from an owned value. <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/borrow/trait.BorrowMut.html#tymethod.borrow_mut">Read more</a></p>
</div></details></div></details><details class="rustdoc-toggle implementors-toggle" open><summary><div id="impl-From%3CT%3E" class="impl has-srclink"><div class="rightside"><a class="srclink" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/src/core/convert/mod.rs.html#549-553" title="goto source code">source</a></div><a href="#impl-From%3CT%3E" class="anchor"></a><h3 class="code-header in-band">impl&lt;T&gt; <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/convert/trait.From.html" title="trait core::convert::From">From</a>&lt;T&gt; for T</h3></div></summary><div class="impl-items"><details class="rustdoc-toggle method-toggle" open><summary><div id="method.from" class="method trait-impl has-srclink"><div class="rightside"><a class="srclink" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/src/core/convert/mod.rs.html#550" title="goto source code">source</a></div><a href="#method.from" class="anchor"></a><h4 class="code-header">pub fn <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/convert/trait.From.html#tymethod.from" class="fnname">from</a>(t: T) -&gt; T</h4></div></summary><div class='docblock'><p>Performs the conversion.</p>
</div></details></div></details><details class="rustdoc-toggle implementors-toggle" open><summary><div id="impl-Into%3CU%3E" class="impl has-srclink"><div class="rightside"><a class="srclink" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/src/core/convert/mod.rs.html#537-544" title="goto source code">source</a></div><a href="#impl-Into%3CU%3E" class="anchor"></a><h3 class="code-header in-band">impl&lt;T, U&gt; <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/convert/trait.Into.html" title="trait core::convert::Into">Into</a>&lt;U&gt; for T <span class="where fmt-newline">where<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;U: <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/convert/trait.From.html" title="trait core::convert::From">From</a>&lt;T&gt;,&nbsp;</span></h3></div></summary><div class="impl-items"><details class="rustdoc-toggle method-toggle" open><summary><div id="method.into" class="method trait-impl has-srclink"><div class="rightside"><a class="srclink" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/src/core/convert/mod.rs.html#541" title="goto source code">source</a></div><a href="#method.into" class="anchor"></a><h4 class="code-header">pub fn <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/convert/trait.Into.html#tymethod.into" class="fnname">into</a>(self) -&gt; U</h4></div></summary><div class='docblock'><p>Performs the conversion.</p>
</div></details></div></details><details class="rustdoc-toggle implementors-toggle" open><summary><div id="impl-TryFrom%3CU%3E" class="impl has-srclink"><div class="rightside"><a class="srclink" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/src/core/convert/mod.rs.html#589-598" title="goto source code">source</a></div><a href="#impl-TryFrom%3CU%3E" class="anchor"></a><h3 class="code-header in-band">impl&lt;T, U&gt; <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/convert/trait.TryFrom.html" title="trait core::convert::TryFrom">TryFrom</a>&lt;U&gt; for T <span class="where fmt-newline">where<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;U: <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/convert/trait.Into.html" title="trait core::convert::Into">Into</a>&lt;T&gt;,&nbsp;</span></h3></div></summary><div class="impl-items"><details class="rustdoc-toggle" open><summary><div id="associatedtype.Error-1" class="type trait-impl has-srclink"><a href="#associatedtype.Error-1" class="anchor"></a><h4 class="code-header">type <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/convert/trait.TryFrom.html#associatedtype.Error" class="associatedtype">Error</a> = <a class="enum" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/convert/enum.Infallible.html" title="enum core::convert::Infallible">Infallible</a></h4></div></summary><div class='docblock'><p>The type returned in the event of a conversion error.</p>
</div></details><details class="rustdoc-toggle method-toggle" open><summary><div id="method.try_from" class="method trait-impl has-srclink"><div class="rightside"><a class="srclink" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/src/core/convert/mod.rs.html#595" title="goto source code">source</a></div><a href="#method.try_from" class="anchor"></a><h4 class="code-header">pub fn <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/convert/trait.TryFrom.html#tymethod.try_from" class="fnname">try_from</a>(value: U) -&gt; <a class="enum" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/result/enum.Result.html" title="enum core::result::Result">Result</a>&lt;T, &lt;T as <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/convert/trait.TryFrom.html" title="trait core::convert::TryFrom">TryFrom</a>&lt;U&gt;&gt;::<a class="associatedtype" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/convert/trait.TryFrom.html#associatedtype.Error" title="type core::convert::TryFrom::Error">Error</a>&gt;</h4></div></summary><div class='docblock'><p>Performs the conversion.</p>
</div></details></div></details><details class="rustdoc-toggle implementors-toggle" open><summary><div id="impl-TryInto%3CU%3E" class="impl has-srclink"><div class="rightside"><a class="srclink" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/src/core/convert/mod.rs.html#574-583" title="goto source code">source</a></div><a href="#impl-TryInto%3CU%3E" class="anchor"></a><h3 class="code-header in-band">impl&lt;T, U&gt; <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/convert/trait.TryInto.html" title="trait core::convert::TryInto">TryInto</a>&lt;U&gt; for T <span class="where fmt-newline">where<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;U: <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/convert/trait.TryFrom.html" title="trait core::convert::TryFrom">TryFrom</a>&lt;T&gt;,&nbsp;</span></h3></div></summary><div class="impl-items"><details class="rustdoc-toggle" open><summary><div id="associatedtype.Error" class="type trait-impl has-srclink"><a href="#associatedtype.Error" class="anchor"></a><h4 class="code-header">type <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/convert/trait.TryInto.html#associatedtype.Error" class="associatedtype">Error</a> = &lt;U as <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/convert/trait.TryFrom.html" title="trait core::convert::TryFrom">TryFrom</a>&lt;T&gt;&gt;::<a class="associatedtype" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/convert/trait.TryFrom.html#associatedtype.Error" title="type core::convert::TryFrom::Error">Error</a></h4></div></summary><div class='docblock'><p>The type returned in the event of a conversion error.</p>
</div></details><details class="rustdoc-toggle method-toggle" open><summary><div id="method.try_into" class="method trait-impl has-srclink"><div class="rightside"><a class="srclink" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/src/core/convert/mod.rs.html#580" title="goto source code">source</a></div><a href="#method.try_into" class="anchor"></a><h4 class="code-header">pub fn <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/convert/trait.TryInto.html#tymethod.try_into" class="fnname">try_into</a>(self) -&gt; <a class="enum" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/result/enum.Result.html" title="enum core::result::Result">Result</a>&lt;U, &lt;U as <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/convert/trait.TryFrom.html" title="trait core::convert::TryFrom">TryFrom</a>&lt;T&gt;&gt;::<a class="associatedtype" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/convert/trait.TryFrom.html#associatedtype.Error" title="type core::convert::TryFrom::Error">Error</a>&gt;</h4></div></summary><div class='docblock'><p>Performs the conversion.</p>
</div></details></div></details></div></section><section id="search" class="content hidden"></section></div></main><div id="rustdoc-vars" data-root-path="../../" data-current-crate="os" data-themes="ayu,dark,light" data-resource-suffix="" data-rustdoc-version="1.60.0-nightly (9ad5d82f8 2022-01-18)" ></div>
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@ -143,7 +143,14 @@
<span id="140">140</span>
<span id="141">141</span>
<span id="142">142</span>
</pre><pre class="rust"><code><span class="kw">use</span> <span class="ident"><span class="kw">crate</span>::sync::UPSafeCell</span>;
<span id="143">143</span>
<span id="144">144</span>
<span id="145">145</span>
<span id="146">146</span>
<span id="147">147</span>
</pre><pre class="rust"><code><span class="doccomment">//! batch subsystem</span>
<span class="kw">use</span> <span class="ident"><span class="kw">crate</span>::sync::UPSafeCell</span>;
<span class="kw">use</span> <span class="ident"><span class="kw">crate</span>::trap::TrapContext</span>;
<span class="kw">use</span> <span class="ident">core::arch::asm</span>;
<span class="kw">use</span> <span class="ident">lazy_static</span>::<span class="kw-2">*</span>;
@ -256,14 +263,17 @@
};
}
<span class="doccomment">/// init batch subsystem</span>
<span class="kw">pub</span> <span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">init</span>() {
<span class="ident">print_app_info</span>();
}
<span class="doccomment">/// print apps info</span>
<span class="kw">pub</span> <span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">print_app_info</span>() {
<span class="ident">APP_MANAGER</span>.<span class="ident">exclusive_access</span>().<span class="ident">print_app_info</span>();
}
<span class="doccomment">/// run next app</span>
<span class="kw">pub</span> <span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">run_next_app</span>() -&gt; <span class="op">!</span> {
<span class="kw">let</span> <span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="ident">app_manager</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">APP_MANAGER</span>.<span class="ident">exclusive_access</span>();
<span class="kw">let</span> <span class="ident">current_app</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">app_manager</span>.<span class="ident">get_current_app</span>();

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@ -32,7 +32,13 @@
<span id="29">29</span>
<span id="30">30</span>
<span id="31">31</span>
</pre><pre class="rust"><code><span class="kw">use</span> <span class="ident"><span class="kw">crate</span>::sbi::console_putchar</span>;
<span id="32">32</span>
<span id="33">33</span>
<span id="34">34</span>
<span id="35">35</span>
</pre><pre class="rust"><code><span class="doccomment">//! SBI console driver, for text output</span>
<span class="kw">use</span> <span class="ident"><span class="kw">crate</span>::sbi::console_putchar</span>;
<span class="kw">use</span> <span class="ident">core::fmt</span>::{<span class="self">self</span>, <span class="ident">Write</span>};
<span class="kw">struct</span> <span class="ident">Stdout</span>;
@ -50,6 +56,7 @@
<span class="ident">Stdout</span>.<span class="ident">write_fmt</span>(<span class="ident">args</span>).<span class="ident">unwrap</span>();
}
<span class="doccomment">/// print string macro</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">macro_export</span>]</span>
<span class="macro">macro_rules!</span> <span class="ident">print</span> {
(<span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">fmt</span>: <span class="ident">literal</span> $(, $(<span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">arg</span>: <span class="ident">tt</span>)<span class="op">+</span>)<span class="question-mark">?</span>) =&gt; {
@ -57,6 +64,7 @@
}
}
<span class="doccomment">/// println string macro</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">macro_export</span>]</span>
<span class="macro">macro_rules!</span> <span class="ident">println</span> {
(<span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">fmt</span>: <span class="ident">literal</span> $(, $(<span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">arg</span>: <span class="ident">tt</span>)<span class="op">+</span>)<span class="question-mark">?</span>) =&gt; {

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@ -18,7 +18,11 @@
<span id="15">15</span>
<span id="16">16</span>
<span id="17">17</span>
</pre><pre class="rust"><code><span class="kw">use</span> <span class="ident"><span class="kw">crate</span>::sbi::shutdown</span>;
<span id="18">18</span>
<span id="19">19</span>
</pre><pre class="rust"><code><span class="doccomment">//! The panic handler</span>
<span class="kw">use</span> <span class="ident"><span class="kw">crate</span>::sbi::shutdown</span>;
<span class="kw">use</span> <span class="ident">core::panic::PanicInfo</span>;
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">panic_handler</span>]</span>

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@ -38,7 +38,45 @@
<span id="35">35</span>
<span id="36">36</span>
<span id="37">37</span>
</pre><pre class="rust"><code><span class="attribute">#![<span class="ident">no_std</span>]</span>
<span id="38">38</span>
<span id="39">39</span>
<span id="40">40</span>
<span id="41">41</span>
<span id="42">42</span>
<span id="43">43</span>
<span id="44">44</span>
<span id="45">45</span>
<span id="46">46</span>
<span id="47">47</span>
<span id="48">48</span>
<span id="49">49</span>
<span id="50">50</span>
<span id="51">51</span>
<span id="52">52</span>
<span id="53">53</span>
<span id="54">54</span>
<span id="55">55</span>
<span id="56">56</span>
<span id="57">57</span>
</pre><pre class="rust"><code><span class="doccomment">//! The main module and entrypoint</span>
<span class="doccomment">//!</span>
<span class="doccomment">//! Various facilities of the kernels are implemented as submodules. The most</span>
<span class="doccomment">//! important ones are:</span>
<span class="doccomment">//!</span>
<span class="doccomment">//! - [`trap`]: Handles all cases of switching from userspace to the kernel</span>
<span class="doccomment">//! - [`syscall`]: System call handling and implementation</span>
<span class="doccomment">//!</span>
<span class="doccomment">//! The operating system also starts in this module. Kernel code starts</span>
<span class="doccomment">//! executing from `entry.asm`, after which [`rust_main()`] is called to</span>
<span class="doccomment">//! initialize various pieces of functionality. (See its source code for</span>
<span class="doccomment">//! details.)</span>
<span class="doccomment">//!</span>
<span class="doccomment">//! We then call [`batch::run_next_app()`] and for the first time go to</span>
<span class="doccomment">//! userspace.</span>
<span class="attribute">#![<span class="ident">deny</span>(<span class="ident">missing_docs</span>)]</span>
<span class="attribute">#![<span class="ident">deny</span>(<span class="ident">warnings</span>)]</span>
<span class="attribute">#![<span class="ident">no_std</span>]</span>
<span class="attribute">#![<span class="ident">no_main</span>]</span>
<span class="attribute">#![<span class="ident">feature</span>(<span class="ident">panic_info_message</span>)]</span>
@ -46,16 +84,17 @@
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">macro_use</span>]</span>
<span class="kw">mod</span> <span class="ident">console</span>;
<span class="kw">mod</span> <span class="ident">batch</span>;
<span class="kw">pub</span> <span class="kw">mod</span> <span class="ident">batch</span>;
<span class="kw">mod</span> <span class="ident">lang_items</span>;
<span class="kw">mod</span> <span class="ident">sbi</span>;
<span class="kw">mod</span> <span class="ident">sync</span>;
<span class="kw">mod</span> <span class="ident">syscall</span>;
<span class="kw">mod</span> <span class="ident">trap</span>;
<span class="kw">pub</span> <span class="kw">mod</span> <span class="ident">syscall</span>;
<span class="kw">pub</span> <span class="kw">mod</span> <span class="ident">trap</span>;
<span class="macro">global_asm!</span>(<span class="macro">include_str!</span>(<span class="string">&quot;entry.asm&quot;</span>));
<span class="macro">global_asm!</span>(<span class="macro">include_str!</span>(<span class="string">&quot;link_app.S&quot;</span>));
<span class="doccomment">/// clear BSS segment</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">clear_bss</span>() {
<span class="kw">extern</span> <span class="string">&quot;C&quot;</span> {
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">sbss</span>();
@ -67,6 +106,7 @@
}
}
<span class="doccomment">/// the rust entry-point of os</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">no_mangle</span>]</span>
<span class="kw">pub</span> <span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">rust_main</span>() -&gt; <span class="op">!</span> {
<span class="ident">clear_bss</span>();

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@ -45,20 +45,22 @@
<span id="42">42</span>
<span id="43">43</span>
<span id="44">44</span>
</pre><pre class="rust"><code><span class="attribute">#![<span class="ident">allow</span>(<span class="ident">unused</span>)]</span>
<span id="45">45</span>
</pre><pre class="rust"><code><span class="doccomment">//! SBI call wrappers</span>
<span class="kw">use</span> <span class="ident">core::arch::asm</span>;
<span class="kw">const</span> <span class="ident">SBI_SET_TIMER</span>: <span class="ident">usize</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="number">0</span>;
<span class="kw">const</span> <span class="ident">SBI_CONSOLE_PUTCHAR</span>: <span class="ident">usize</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="number">1</span>;
<span class="kw">const</span> <span class="ident">SBI_CONSOLE_GETCHAR</span>: <span class="ident">usize</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="number">2</span>;
<span class="kw">const</span> <span class="ident">SBI_CLEAR_IPI</span>: <span class="ident">usize</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="number">3</span>;
<span class="kw">const</span> <span class="ident">SBI_SEND_IPI</span>: <span class="ident">usize</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="number">4</span>;
<span class="kw">const</span> <span class="ident">SBI_REMOTE_FENCE_I</span>: <span class="ident">usize</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="number">5</span>;
<span class="kw">const</span> <span class="ident">SBI_REMOTE_SFENCE_VMA</span>: <span class="ident">usize</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="number">6</span>;
<span class="kw">const</span> <span class="ident">SBI_REMOTE_SFENCE_VMA_ASID</span>: <span class="ident">usize</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="number">7</span>;
<span class="kw">const</span> <span class="ident">SBI_SHUTDOWN</span>: <span class="ident">usize</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="number">8</span>;
<span class="comment">// const SBI_SET_TIMER: usize = 0;</span>
<span class="comment">// const SBI_CONSOLE_GETCHAR: usize = 2;</span>
<span class="comment">// const SBI_CLEAR_IPI: usize = 3;</span>
<span class="comment">// const SBI_SEND_IPI: usize = 4;</span>
<span class="comment">// const SBI_REMOTE_FENCE_I: usize = 5;</span>
<span class="comment">// const SBI_REMOTE_SFENCE_VMA: usize = 6;</span>
<span class="comment">// const SBI_REMOTE_SFENCE_VMA_ASID: usize = 7;</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// handle SBI call with `which` SBI_id and other arguments</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">inline</span>(<span class="ident">always</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">sbi_call</span>(<span class="ident">which</span>: <span class="ident">usize</span>, <span class="ident">arg0</span>: <span class="ident">usize</span>, <span class="ident">arg1</span>: <span class="ident">usize</span>, <span class="ident">arg2</span>: <span class="ident">usize</span>) -&gt; <span class="ident">usize</span> {
<span class="kw">let</span> <span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="ident">ret</span>;
@ -80,9 +82,9 @@
}
<span class="doccomment">/// use sbi call to getchar from console (qemu uart handler)</span>
<span class="kw">pub</span> <span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">console_getchar</span>() -&gt; <span class="ident">usize</span> {
<span class="ident">sbi_call</span>(<span class="ident">SBI_CONSOLE_GETCHAR</span>, <span class="number">0</span>, <span class="number">0</span>, <span class="number">0</span>)
}
<span class="comment">// pub fn console_getchar() -&gt; usize {</span>
<span class="comment">// sbi_call(SBI_CONSOLE_GETCHAR, 0, 0, 0)</span>
<span class="comment">// }</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// use sbi call to shutdown the kernel</span>
<span class="kw">pub</span> <span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">shutdown</span>() -&gt; <span class="op">!</span> {

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@ -4,7 +4,11 @@
<input class="search-input" name="search" autocomplete="off" spellcheck="false" placeholder="Click or press ‘S’ to search, ‘?’ for more options…" type="search"></div><button type="button" id="help-button" title="help">?</button><a id="settings-menu" href="../../../settings.html" title="settings"><img width="18" height="18" alt="Change settings" src="../../../wheel.svg"></a></div></form></nav></div><section id="main-content" class="content"><div class="example-wrap"><pre class="line-numbers"><span id="1">1</span>
<span id="2">2</span>
<span id="3">3</span>
</pre><pre class="rust"><code><span class="kw">mod</span> <span class="ident">up</span>;
<span id="4">4</span>
<span id="5">5</span>
</pre><pre class="rust"><code><span class="doccomment">//! Synchronization and interior mutability primitives</span>
<span class="kw">mod</span> <span class="ident">up</span>;
<span class="kw">pub</span> <span class="kw">use</span> <span class="ident">up::UPSafeCell</span>;
</code></pre></div>

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@ -30,7 +30,11 @@
<span id="27">27</span>
<span id="28">28</span>
<span id="29">29</span>
</pre><pre class="rust"><code><span class="kw">use</span> <span class="ident">core::cell</span>::{<span class="ident">RefCell</span>, <span class="ident">RefMut</span>};
<span id="30">30</span>
<span id="31">31</span>
</pre><pre class="rust"><code><span class="doccomment">//! Uniprocessor interior mutability primitives</span>
<span class="kw">use</span> <span class="ident">core::cell</span>::{<span class="ident">RefCell</span>, <span class="ident">RefMut</span>};
<span class="doccomment">/// Wrap a static data structure inside it so that we are</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// able to access it without any `unsafe`.</span>
@ -54,7 +58,7 @@
<span class="ident">inner</span>: <span class="ident">RefCell::new</span>(<span class="ident">value</span>),
}
}
<span class="doccomment">/// Panic if the data has been borrowed.</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Exclusive access inner data in UPSafeCell. Panic if the data has been borrowed.</span>
<span class="kw">pub</span> <span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">exclusive_access</span>(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; <span class="ident">RefMut</span><span class="op">&lt;</span><span class="lifetime">&#39;_</span>, <span class="ident">T</span><span class="op">&gt;</span> {
<span class="self">self</span>.<span class="ident">inner</span>.<span class="ident">borrow_mut</span>()
}

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@ -16,8 +16,14 @@
<span id="13">13</span>
<span id="14">14</span>
<span id="15">15</span>
</pre><pre class="rust"><code><span class="kw">const</span> <span class="ident">FD_STDOUT</span>: <span class="ident">usize</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="number">1</span>;
<span id="16">16</span>
<span id="17">17</span>
<span id="18">18</span>
</pre><pre class="rust"><code><span class="doccomment">//! File and filesystem-related syscalls</span>
<span class="kw">const</span> <span class="ident">FD_STDOUT</span>: <span class="ident">usize</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="number">1</span>;
<span class="doccomment">/// write buf of length `len` to a file with `fd`</span>
<span class="kw">pub</span> <span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">sys_write</span>(<span class="ident">fd</span>: <span class="ident">usize</span>, <span class="ident">buf</span>: <span class="kw-2">*const</span> <span class="ident">u8</span>, <span class="ident">len</span>: <span class="ident">usize</span>) -&gt; <span class="ident">isize</span> {
<span class="kw">match</span> <span class="ident">fd</span> {
<span class="ident">FD_STDOUT</span> =&gt; {

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@ -18,7 +18,31 @@
<span id="15">15</span>
<span id="16">16</span>
<span id="17">17</span>
</pre><pre class="rust"><code><span class="kw">const</span> <span class="ident">SYSCALL_WRITE</span>: <span class="ident">usize</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="number">64</span>;
<span id="18">18</span>
<span id="19">19</span>
<span id="20">20</span>
<span id="21">21</span>
<span id="22">22</span>
<span id="23">23</span>
<span id="24">24</span>
<span id="25">25</span>
<span id="26">26</span>
<span id="27">27</span>
<span id="28">28</span>
<span id="29">29</span>
</pre><pre class="rust"><code><span class="doccomment">//! Implementation of syscalls</span>
<span class="doccomment">//!</span>
<span class="doccomment">//! The single entry point to all system calls, [`syscall()`], is called</span>
<span class="doccomment">//! whenever userspace wishes to perform a system call using the `ecall`</span>
<span class="doccomment">//! instruction. In this case, the processor raises an &#39;Environment call from</span>
<span class="doccomment">//! U-mode&#39; exception, which is handled as one of the cases in</span>
<span class="doccomment">//! [`crate::trap::trap_handler`].</span>
<span class="doccomment">//!</span>
<span class="doccomment">//! For clarity, each single syscall is implemented as its own function, named</span>
<span class="doccomment">//! `sys_` then the name of the syscall. You can find functions like this in</span>
<span class="doccomment">//! submodules, and you should also implement syscalls this way.</span>
<span class="kw">const</span> <span class="ident">SYSCALL_WRITE</span>: <span class="ident">usize</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="number">64</span>;
<span class="kw">const</span> <span class="ident">SYSCALL_EXIT</span>: <span class="ident">usize</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="number">93</span>;
<span class="kw">mod</span> <span class="ident">fs</span>;

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@ -8,7 +8,9 @@
<span id="5">5</span>
<span id="6">6</span>
<span id="7">7</span>
</pre><pre class="rust"><code><span class="kw">use</span> <span class="ident"><span class="kw">crate</span>::batch::run_next_app</span>;
<span id="8">8</span>
</pre><pre class="rust"><code><span class="doccomment">//! App management syscalls</span>
<span class="kw">use</span> <span class="ident"><span class="kw">crate</span>::batch::run_next_app</span>;
<span class="doccomment">/// task exits and submit an exit code</span>
<span class="kw">pub</span> <span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">sys_exit</span>(<span class="ident">exit_code</span>: <span class="ident">i32</span>) -&gt; <span class="op">!</span> {

22
ch2/src/os/trap/context.rs.html
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@ -26,29 +26,39 @@
<span id="23">23</span>
<span id="24">24</span>
<span id="25">25</span>
<span id="26">26</span>
<span id="27">27</span>
<span id="28">28</span>
<span id="29">29</span>
<span id="30">30</span>
</pre><pre class="rust"><code><span class="kw">use</span> <span class="ident">riscv::register::sstatus</span>::{<span class="self">self</span>, <span class="ident">Sstatus</span>, <span class="ident">SPP</span>};
<span class="doccomment">/// Trap Context</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">repr</span>(<span class="ident">C</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">pub</span> <span class="kw">struct</span> <span class="ident">TrapContext</span> {
<span class="doccomment">/// general regs[0..31]</span>
<span class="kw">pub</span> <span class="ident">x</span>: [<span class="ident">usize</span>; <span class="number">32</span>],
<span class="doccomment">/// CSR sstatus </span>
<span class="kw">pub</span> <span class="ident">sstatus</span>: <span class="ident">Sstatus</span>,
<span class="doccomment">/// CSR sepc</span>
<span class="kw">pub</span> <span class="ident">sepc</span>: <span class="ident">usize</span>,
}
<span class="kw">impl</span> <span class="ident">TrapContext</span> {
<span class="doccomment">/// set stack pointer to x_2 reg (sp)</span>
<span class="kw">pub</span> <span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">set_sp</span>(<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut</span> <span class="self">self</span>, <span class="ident">sp</span>: <span class="ident">usize</span>) {
<span class="self">self</span>.<span class="ident">x</span>[<span class="number">2</span>] <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">sp</span>;
}
<span class="doccomment">/// init app context</span>
<span class="kw">pub</span> <span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">app_init_context</span>(<span class="ident">entry</span>: <span class="ident">usize</span>, <span class="ident">sp</span>: <span class="ident">usize</span>) -&gt; <span class="self">Self</span> {
<span class="kw">let</span> <span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="ident">sstatus</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">sstatus::read</span>();
<span class="ident">sstatus</span>.<span class="ident">set_spp</span>(<span class="ident">SPP::User</span>);
<span class="kw">let</span> <span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="ident">sstatus</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">sstatus::read</span>(); <span class="comment">// CSR sstatus</span>
<span class="ident">sstatus</span>.<span class="ident">set_spp</span>(<span class="ident">SPP::User</span>); <span class="comment">//previous privilege mode: user mode</span>
<span class="kw">let</span> <span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="ident">cx</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="self">Self</span> {
<span class="ident">x</span>: [<span class="number">0</span>; <span class="number">32</span>],
<span class="ident">sstatus</span>,
<span class="ident">sepc</span>: <span class="ident">entry</span>,
<span class="ident">sepc</span>: <span class="ident">entry</span>, <span class="comment">// entry point of app</span>
};
<span class="ident">cx</span>.<span class="ident">set_sp</span>(<span class="ident">sp</span>);
<span class="ident">cx</span>
<span class="ident">cx</span>.<span class="ident">set_sp</span>(<span class="ident">sp</span>); <span class="comment">// app&#39;s user stack pointer</span>
<span class="ident">cx</span> <span class="comment">// return initial Trap Context of app</span>
}
}
</code></pre></div>

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ch2/src/os/trap/mod.rs.html
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@ -54,7 +54,35 @@
<span id="51">51</span>
<span id="52">52</span>
<span id="53">53</span>
</pre><pre class="rust"><code><span class="kw">mod</span> <span class="ident">context</span>;
<span id="54">54</span>
<span id="55">55</span>
<span id="56">56</span>
<span id="57">57</span>
<span id="58">58</span>
<span id="59">59</span>
<span id="60">60</span>
<span id="61">61</span>
<span id="62">62</span>
<span id="63">63</span>
<span id="64">64</span>
<span id="65">65</span>
<span id="66">66</span>
<span id="67">67</span>
</pre><pre class="rust"><code><span class="doccomment">//! Trap handling functionality</span>
<span class="doccomment">//!</span>
<span class="doccomment">//! For rCore, we have a single trap entry point, namely `__alltraps`. At</span>
<span class="doccomment">//! initialization in [`init()`], we set the `stvec` CSR to point to it.</span>
<span class="doccomment">//!</span>
<span class="doccomment">//! All traps go through `__alltraps`, which is defined in `trap.S`. The</span>
<span class="doccomment">//! assembly language code does just enough work restore the kernel space</span>
<span class="doccomment">//! context, ensuring that Rust code safely runs, and transfers control to</span>
<span class="doccomment">//! [`trap_handler()`].</span>
<span class="doccomment">//!</span>
<span class="doccomment">//! It then calls different functionality based on what exactly the exception</span>
<span class="doccomment">//! was. For example, timer interrupts trigger task preemption, and syscalls go</span>
<span class="doccomment">//! to [`syscall()`].</span>
<span class="kw">mod</span> <span class="ident">context</span>;
<span class="kw">use</span> <span class="ident"><span class="kw">crate</span>::batch::run_next_app</span>;
<span class="kw">use</span> <span class="ident"><span class="kw">crate</span>::syscall::syscall</span>;

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