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import csv
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import time
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import random
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import requests
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import traceback
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from time import sleep
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from lxml import etree
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# 获取首页源码
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def get_page(url):
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n = 3
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while True:
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try:
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# sleep(random.uniform(1, 2)) # 随机出现1-2之间的数，包含小数
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headers = {
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'User-Agent': "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_14_6) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/81.0.4044.129 Safari/537.36"
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}
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response = requests.get(url, headers=headers, timeout=10)
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# print(response.text)
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return response.text
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except (TimeoutError, Exception):
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n -= 1
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if n == 0:
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print('请求3次均失败，放弃此url请求,检查请求条件')
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return
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else:
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print('请求失败，重新请求')
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continue
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#爬取一页数据
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def parse_page(html,caipu):
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try:
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parse = etree.HTML(html) # 解析网页
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items = parse.xpath('//li[@class="clearfix"]')
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for item in items:
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title = ''.join(item.xpath('./a/@title')).strip()
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href = 'https://www.douguo.com' + ''.join(item.xpath('./div/a/@href')).strip()
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peiliao = ''.join(item.xpath('./div/p/text()')).strip()
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rate = ''.join(item.xpath('./div/div[1]/span[2]/text()')).strip()
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id = ''.join(item.xpath('./div/div[2]/a[1]/text()')).strip()
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img = ''.join(item.xpath('./a/img/@src')).strip()
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item = {
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'title': title,
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'href': href,
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'peiliao': peiliao,
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'rate': rate,
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'id': id,
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'img': img,
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'caipu':caipu
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}
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# print(item)
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try:
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with open('../外国食谱.csv', 'a', encoding='utf_8_sig', newline='') as fp:
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# 'a'为追加模式（添加）
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# utf_8_sig格式导出csv不乱码
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fieldnames = ['title','href', 'peiliao', 'rate', 'id','img','caipu']
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writer = csv.DictWriter(fp, fieldnames)
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writer.writerow(item)
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except Exception:
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print(traceback.print_exc()) # 代替print e 来输出详细的异常信息
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except Exception:
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print(traceback.print_exc())
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# 主函数
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def main(x):
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url = 'https://www.douguo.com/caipu/{}/0/{}'.format(caipu,x*20)
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print(url)
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html = get_page(url)
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parse_page(html,caipu)
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if __name__ == '__main__':
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caipu_list = ['韩国', '日本料理','法国','意大利餐'] #中国菜系
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start = time.time() # 计时
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for caipu in caipu_list:
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for i in range(40):
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# 爬取多页
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main(x=i)
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time.sleep(random.uniform(1, 2))
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print(caipu,"第" + str(i+1) + "页提取完成")
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end = time.time()
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print('共用时',round((end - start) / 60, 2), '分钟')
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