nudt-compiler-cpp/src/mir/AsmPrinter.cpp

#include "mir/MIR.h"

#include <ostream>
#include <stdexcept>

#include "utils/Log.h"

//#define DEBUG_Asm

#ifdef DEBUG_Asm
#include <iostream>
#define DEBUG_MSG(msg) std::cerr << "[Asm Debug] " << msg << std::endl
#else
#define DEBUG_MSG(msg)
#endif

namespace mir {
namespace {

static void PrintLoadImm64(std::ostream& os, PhysReg reg, uint64_t imm);

const FrameSlot& GetFrameSlot(const MachineFunction& function,
                              const Operand& operand) {
  if (operand.GetKind() != Operand::Kind::FrameIndex) {
    throw std::runtime_error(FormatError("mir", "期望 FrameIndex 操作数"));
  }
  return function.GetFrameSlot(operand.GetFrameIndex());
}

void PrintStackAccess(std::ostream& os, const char* insn, PhysReg reg, int64_t offset) {
  // offset 通常是负数，例如 -8, -24, -40 等
  if (offset >= -256 && offset <= 255) {
    os << "  " << insn << " " << PhysRegName(reg) << ", [x29, #" << offset << "]\n";
    return;
  }

  // 大偏移量：用 x16 计算 x29 + offset，然后间接访问
  os << "  mov x16, x29\n";

  int64_t abs_offset = (offset >= 0) ? offset : -offset;
  if (abs_offset <= 4095) {
    if (offset >= 0) {
      os << "  add x16, x16, #" << offset << "\n";
    } else {
      os << "  sub x16, x16, #" << abs_offset << "\n";
    }
  } else {
    // 分解大偏移量
    PrintLoadImm64(os, PhysReg::X17, abs_offset);
    if (offset >= 0) {
      os << "  add x16, x16, x17\n";
    } else {
      os << "  sub x16, x16, x17\n";
    }
  }

  os << "  " << insn << " " << PhysRegName(reg) << ", [x16]\n";
}

// 打印单个操作数
void PrintOperand(std::ostream& os, const Operand& op) {
  switch (op.GetKind()) {
    case Operand::Kind::Reg:
      os << PhysRegName(op.GetReg());
      break;
    case Operand::Kind::Imm:
      os << "#" << op.GetImm();
      break;
    case Operand::Kind::FrameIndex:
      os << "[sp, #" << op.GetFrameIndex() << "]";
      break;
    case Operand::Kind::Cond:
      os << CondCodeName(op.GetCondCode());
      break;
    case Operand::Kind::Label:
      DEBUG_MSG("label is" << op.GetLabel());
      os << op.GetLabel();
      break;
  }
}

// 判断立即数是否可作为 AArch64 ADD/SUB 指令的 12 位立即数（可左移 0 或 12 位）
static bool IsLegalAddSubImm(int64_t imm) {
  if (imm < 0) imm = -imm;  // 取绝对值，因为移位规则对称
  if (imm <= 4095) return true;                 // 0-4095 直接合法
  if ((imm & 0xFFF) == 0 && imm <= 4095 * 4096) return true; // 4096 的倍数且 ≤ 16773120
  return false;
}

// 在匿名命名空间添加辅助函数
static void PrintLoadImm64(std::ostream& os, PhysReg reg, uint64_t imm) {
  // 输出 movz + movk 序列
  uint16_t part0 = imm & 0xFFFF;
  uint16_t part1 = (imm >> 16) & 0xFFFF;
  uint16_t part2 = (imm >> 32) & 0xFFFF;
  uint16_t part3 = (imm >> 48) & 0xFFFF;

  os << "  movz " << PhysRegName(reg) << ", #" << part0;
  if (part1 != 0 || part2 != 0 || part3 != 0) {
    os << ", lsl #0";
  }
  os << "\n";

  if (part1 != 0) {
    os << "  movk " << PhysRegName(reg) << ", #" << part1 << ", lsl #16\n";
  }
  if (part2 != 0) {
    os << "  movk " << PhysRegName(reg) << ", #" << part2 << ", lsl #32\n";
  }
  if (part3 != 0) {
    os << "  movk " << PhysRegName(reg) << ", #" << part3 << ", lsl #48\n";
  }
}

// 打印单条指令
void PrintInstruction(std::ostream& os, const MachineInstr& instr,
                      const MachineFunction& function) {
  const auto& ops = instr.GetOperands();
  
  switch (instr.GetOpcode()) {
    case Opcode::Prologue:
      os << "  stp x29, x30, [sp, #-16]!\n";
      os << "  mov x29, sp\n";
      if (function.GetFrameSize() > 0) {
        int64_t size = function.GetFrameSize();
        if (IsLegalAddSubImm(size)) {
          os << "  sub sp, sp, #" << size << "\n";
        } else {
          PrintLoadImm64(os, PhysReg::X16, size);
          os << "  sub sp, sp, x16\n";
        }
      }
      break;
    case Opcode::Epilogue:
      if (function.GetFrameSize() > 0) {
        int64_t size = function.GetFrameSize();
        if (IsLegalAddSubImm(size)) {
          os << "  add sp, sp, #" << size << "\n";
        } else {
          PrintLoadImm64(os, PhysReg::X16, size);
          os << "  add sp, sp, x16\n";
        }
      }
      os << "  ldp x29, x30, [sp], #16\n";
      break;
    case Opcode::MovImm:
      os << "  mov " << PhysRegName(ops.at(0).GetReg()) << ", #"
         << ops.at(1).GetImm() << "\n";
      break;
    case Opcode::MovReg:
      os << "  mov " << PhysRegName(ops.at(0).GetReg()) << ", "
         << PhysRegName(ops.at(1).GetReg()) << "\n";
      break;
    case Opcode::StoreStack: {
      // 检查第二个操作数的类型
      if (ops.size() >= 2 && ops.at(1).GetKind() == Operand::Kind::FrameIndex) {
        // 存储到栈槽
        const auto& slot = GetFrameSlot(function, ops.at(1));
        PrintStackAccess(os, "stur", ops.at(0).GetReg(), slot.offset);
      } else if (ops.size() >= 2 && ops.at(1).GetKind() == Operand::Kind::Reg) {
        // 间接存储：存储到寄存器指向的地址
        // STR W9, [X8]
        os << "  str " << PhysRegName(ops.at(0).GetReg()) << ", ["
           << PhysRegName(ops.at(1).GetReg()) << "]\n";
      } else {
        throw std::runtime_error("StoreStack: 无效的操作数类型");
      }
      break;
    }
    case Opcode::LoadStack: {
      // 检查第二个操作数的类型
      if (ops.size() >= 2 && ops.at(1).GetKind() == Operand::Kind::FrameIndex) {
        // 从栈槽加载
        const auto& slot = GetFrameSlot(function, ops.at(1));
        PrintStackAccess(os, "ldur", ops.at(0).GetReg(), slot.offset);
      } else if (ops.size() >= 2 && ops.at(1).GetKind() == Operand::Kind::Reg) {
        // 间接加载：从寄存器指向的地址加载
        // LDR W9, [X8]
        os << "  ldr " << PhysRegName(ops.at(0).GetReg()) << ", ["
           << PhysRegName(ops.at(1).GetReg()) << "]\n";
      } else {
        throw std::runtime_error("LoadStack: 无效的操作数类型");
      }
      break;
    }
    case Opcode::StoreStackPair:
      // stp x29, x30, [sp, #-16]!
      os << "  stp " << PhysRegName(ops.at(0).GetReg()) << ", "
        << PhysRegName(ops.at(1).GetReg()) << ", [sp";
      if (ops.size() > 2 && ops.at(2).GetKind() == Operand::Kind::Imm) {
        int offset = ops.at(2).GetImm();
        os << ", #" << offset;
      }
      os << "]!\n";  // 注意添加 ! 表示 pre-index
      break;
    case Opcode::LoadStackPair:
      // ldp x29, x30, [sp], #16
      os << "  ldp " << PhysRegName(ops.at(0).GetReg()) << ", "
        << PhysRegName(ops.at(1).GetReg()) << ", [sp]";
      if (ops.size() > 2 && ops.at(2).GetKind() == Operand::Kind::Imm) {
        int offset = ops.at(2).GetImm();
        os << ", #" << offset;
      }
      os << "\n";
      break;
    case Opcode::AddRR:
      os << "  add " << PhysRegName(ops.at(0).GetReg()) << ", "
         << PhysRegName(ops.at(1).GetReg()) << ", "
         << PhysRegName(ops.at(2).GetReg()) << "\n";
      break;
    case Opcode::AddRI:
      os << "  add " << PhysRegName(ops.at(0).GetReg()) << ", "
         << PhysRegName(ops.at(1).GetReg()) << ", #"
         << ops.at(2).GetImm() << "\n";
      break;
    case Opcode::SubRR:
      os << "  sub " << PhysRegName(ops.at(0).GetReg()) << ", "
         << PhysRegName(ops.at(1).GetReg()) << ", "
         << PhysRegName(ops.at(2).GetReg()) << "\n";
      break;
    case Opcode::SubRI:
      os << "  sub " << PhysRegName(ops.at(0).GetReg()) << ", "
         << PhysRegName(ops.at(1).GetReg()) << ", #"
         << ops.at(2).GetImm() << "\n";
      break;
    case Opcode::MulRR:
      os << "  mul " << PhysRegName(ops.at(0).GetReg()) << ", "
         << PhysRegName(ops.at(1).GetReg()) << ", "
         << PhysRegName(ops.at(2).GetReg()) << "\n";
      break;
    case Opcode::SDivRR:
      os << "  sdiv " << PhysRegName(ops.at(0).GetReg()) << ", "
         << PhysRegName(ops.at(1).GetReg()) << ", "
         << PhysRegName(ops.at(2).GetReg()) << "\n";
      break;      
    case Opcode::UDivRR:
      os << "  udiv " << PhysRegName(ops.at(0).GetReg()) << ", "
         << PhysRegName(ops.at(1).GetReg()) << ", "
         << PhysRegName(ops.at(2).GetReg()) << "\n";
      break;
    case Opcode::FAddRR:
      os << "  fadd " << PhysRegName(ops.at(0).GetReg()) << ", "
         << PhysRegName(ops.at(1).GetReg()) << ", "
         << PhysRegName(ops.at(2).GetReg()) << "\n";
      break;
    case Opcode::FSubRR:
      os << "  fsub " << PhysRegName(ops.at(0).GetReg()) << ", "
         << PhysRegName(ops.at(1).GetReg()) << ", "
         << PhysRegName(ops.at(2).GetReg()) << "\n";
      break;
    case Opcode::FMulRR:
      os << "  fmul " << PhysRegName(ops.at(0).GetReg()) << ", "
         << PhysRegName(ops.at(1).GetReg()) << ", "
         << PhysRegName(ops.at(2).GetReg()) << "\n";
      break;
    case Opcode::FDivRR:
      os << "  fdiv " << PhysRegName(ops.at(0).GetReg()) << ", "
         << PhysRegName(ops.at(1).GetReg()) << ", "
         << PhysRegName(ops.at(2).GetReg()) << "\n";
      break; 
    case Opcode::CmpRR:
      os << "  cmp " << PhysRegName(ops.at(0).GetReg()) << ", "
         << PhysRegName(ops.at(1).GetReg()) << "\n";
      break;
    case Opcode::CmpRI:
      os << "  cmp " << PhysRegName(ops.at(0).GetReg()) << ", #"
         << ops.at(1).GetImm() << "\n";
      break;
    case Opcode::FCmpRR:
      os << "  fcmp " << PhysRegName(ops.at(0).GetReg()) << ", "
         << PhysRegName(ops.at(1).GetReg()) << "\n";
      break;
    case Opcode::SIToFP:
      os << "  scvtf " << PhysRegName(ops.at(0).GetReg()) << ", "
         << PhysRegName(ops.at(1).GetReg()) << "\n";
      break;
    case Opcode::FPToSI:
      os << "  fcvtzs " << PhysRegName(ops.at(0).GetReg()) << ", "
         << PhysRegName(ops.at(1).GetReg()) << "\n";
      break;
    case Opcode::ZExt:
      os << "  and " << PhysRegName(ops.at(0).GetReg()) << ", "
         << PhysRegName(ops.at(1).GetReg()) << ", #1\n";
      break;
    case Opcode::AndRR:
      os << "  and " << PhysRegName(ops.at(0).GetReg()) << ", "
         << PhysRegName(ops.at(1).GetReg()) << ", "
         << PhysRegName(ops.at(2).GetReg()) << "\n";
      break;
    case Opcode::OrRR:
      os << "  orr " << PhysRegName(ops.at(0).GetReg()) << ", "
         << PhysRegName(ops.at(1).GetReg()) << ", "
         << PhysRegName(ops.at(2).GetReg()) << "\n";
      break;
    case Opcode::EorRR:
      os << "  eor " << PhysRegName(ops.at(0).GetReg()) << ", "
         << PhysRegName(ops.at(1).GetReg()) << ", "
         << PhysRegName(ops.at(2).GetReg()) << "\n";
      break;
    case Opcode::LslRR:
      os << "  lsl " << PhysRegName(ops.at(0).GetReg()) << ", "
         << PhysRegName(ops.at(1).GetReg()) << ", "
         << PhysRegName(ops.at(2).GetReg()) << "\n";
      break;
    case Opcode::LsrRR:
      os << "  lsr " << PhysRegName(ops.at(0).GetReg()) << ", "
         << PhysRegName(ops.at(1).GetReg()) << ", "
         << PhysRegName(ops.at(2).GetReg()) << "\n";
      break;
    case Opcode::AsrRR:
      os << "  asr " << PhysRegName(ops.at(0).GetReg()) << ", "
         << PhysRegName(ops.at(1).GetReg()) << ", "
         << PhysRegName(ops.at(2).GetReg()) << "\n";
      break;
    case Opcode::B:
      os << "  b ";
      PrintOperand(os, ops.at(0));
      os << "\n";
      break;
    case Opcode::BCond:
      os << "  b.";
      PrintOperand(os, ops.at(0));
      os << " ";
      PrintOperand(os, ops.at(1));
      os << "\n";
      break;
    case Opcode::Call:
      os << "  bl ";
      PrintOperand(os, ops.at(0));
      os << "\n";
      break;
    case Opcode::Ret:
      os << "  ret\n";
      break;
    case Opcode::Nop:
      os << "  nop\n";
      break;
    case Opcode::Label:
      os << ops.at(0).GetLabel() << ":\n";
      break;
    case Opcode::Movk:
      os << "  movk " << PhysRegName(ops.at(0).GetReg()) << ", #"
         << ops.at(1).GetImm() << ", lsl #" << ops.at(2).GetImm() << "\n";
      break;
    case Opcode::LoadStackAddr: {
        const FrameSlot& slot = GetFrameSlot(function, ops.at(1));
        int64_t offset = slot.offset;          // 负值，如 -8
        PhysReg dst = ops.at(0).GetReg();

        auto tryEmitSimple = [&]() -> bool {
            if (offset >= 0 && offset <= 4095) {
                os << "  add " << PhysRegName(dst) << ", x29, #" << offset << "\n";
                return true;
            } else if (offset < 0 && offset >= -4095) {
                os << "  sub " << PhysRegName(dst) << ", x29, #" << (-offset) << "\n";
                return true;
            }
            return false;
        };

        if (tryEmitSimple()) break;

        // 复杂偏移
        uint64_t absOffset = (offset >= 0) ? offset : -offset;
        PrintLoadImm64(os, PhysReg::X16, absOffset);
        if (offset >= 0) {
            os << "  add " << PhysRegName(dst) << ", x29, x16\n";
        } else {
            os << "  sub " << PhysRegName(dst) << ", x29, x16\n";
        }
        break;
    }
    case Opcode::Adrp: {
        // adrp Xd, label
        os << "  adrp " << PhysRegName(ops.at(0).GetReg()) << ", "
          << ops.at(1).GetLabel() << "\n";
        break;
    }
    case Opcode::AddLabel: {
        // add Xd, Xn, :lo12:label
        os << "  add " << PhysRegName(ops.at(0).GetReg()) << ", "
          << PhysRegName(ops.at(1).GetReg()) << ", :lo12:"
          << ops.at(2).GetLabel() << "\n";
        break;
    }
    default:
        os << "  // unknown instruction\n";
        break;
  }
}

// 打印单个函数（单函数版本）
void PrintAsm(const MachineFunction& function, std::ostream& os) {
  // 输出函数标签
  os << ".text\n";
  os << ".global " << function.GetName() << "\n";
  os << ".type " << function.GetName() << ", %function\n";
  os << function.GetName() << ":\n";

  // 计算栈帧大小
  int frameSize = function.GetFrameSize();
  
  // 输出每个基本块
  const auto& blocks = function.GetBasicBlocks();
  bool firstBlock = true;
  
  for (const auto& bb : blocks) {
    DEBUG_MSG("block");
    // 输出基本块标签（非第一个基本块）
    if (!firstBlock) {
      os << bb->GetName() << ":\n";
    }
    firstBlock = false;
    
    // 输出基本块中的指令
    for (const auto& inst : bb->GetInstructions()) {
      DEBUG_MSG("inst");
      PrintInstruction(os, inst, function);
    }
  }
  
  os << ".size " << function.GetName() << ", .-" << function.GetName() << "\n";
}

}  // namespace

// 打印模块（模块版本）
void PrintAsm(const MachineModule& module, std::ostream& os) {
  // 输出文件头
  os << ".arch armv8-a\n";

  // 输出数据段：全局变量
  const auto& globals = module.GetGlobals();
  if (!globals.empty()) {
    os << "\n.data\n";
    for (const auto& g : globals) {
      os << ".global " << g.name << "\n";
      os << ".type " << g.name << ", %object\n";
      os << ".align " << g.alignment << "\n";
      os << g.name << ":\n";
      if (g.is_zero_init) {
        os << "  .zero " << g.size << "\n";
      } else {
        // TODO: 处理非零初始化值（需要从 IR 提取 initializer）
        os << "  .zero " << g.size << "  // unhandled initializer\n";
      }
      os << ".size " << g.name << ", " << g.size << "\n\n";
    }
  }
  
  DEBUG_MSG("module");
  // 遍历所有函数，输出汇编
  for (const auto& func : module.GetFunctions()) {
    DEBUG_MSG("func");
    PrintAsm(*func, os);
    os << "\n";
  }
}

}  // namespace mir