<!DOCTYPE HTML>
< html lang = "zh-CN" class = "sidebar-visible no-js light" >
< head >
<!-- Book generated using mdBook -->
< meta charset = "UTF-8" >
< title > SQLite - Rusty Book(锈书)< / title >
<!-- Custom HTML head -->
< meta content = "text/html; charset=utf-8" http-equiv = "Content-Type" >
< meta name = "description" content = "" >
< meta name = "viewport" content = "width=device-width, initial-scale=1" >
< meta name = "theme-color" content = "#ffffff" / >
< link rel = "icon" href = "../favicon.svg" >
< link rel = "shortcut icon" href = "../favicon.png" >
< link rel = "stylesheet" href = "../css/variables.css" >
< link rel = "stylesheet" href = "../css/general.css" >
< link rel = "stylesheet" href = "../css/chrome.css" >
< link rel = "stylesheet" href = "../css/print.css" media = "print" >
<!-- Fonts -->
< link rel = "stylesheet" href = "../FontAwesome/css/font-awesome.css" >
< link rel = "stylesheet" href = "../fonts/fonts.css" >
<!-- Highlight.js Stylesheets -->
< link rel = "stylesheet" href = "../highlight.css" >
< link rel = "stylesheet" href = "../tomorrow-night.css" >
< link rel = "stylesheet" href = "../ayu-highlight.css" >
<!-- Custom theme stylesheets -->
< link rel = "stylesheet" href = "../theme/style1.css" >
< / head >
< body >
<!-- Provide site root to javascript -->
< script type = "text/javascript" >
var path_to_root = "../";
var default_theme = window.matchMedia("(prefers-color-scheme: dark)").matches ? "navy" : "light";
< / script >
<!-- Work around some values being stored in localStorage wrapped in quotes -->
< script type = "text/javascript" >
try {
var theme = localStorage.getItem('mdbook-theme');
var sidebar = localStorage.getItem('mdbook-sidebar');
if (theme.startsWith('"') & & theme.endsWith('"')) {
localStorage.setItem('mdbook-theme', theme.slice(1, theme.length - 1));
}
if (sidebar.startsWith('"') & & sidebar.endsWith('"')) {
localStorage.setItem('mdbook-sidebar', sidebar.slice(1, sidebar.length - 1));
}
} catch (e) { }
< / script >
<!-- Set the theme before any content is loaded, prevents flash -->
< script type = "text/javascript" >
var theme;
try { theme = localStorage.getItem('mdbook-theme'); } catch(e) { }
if (theme === null || theme === undefined) { theme = default_theme; }
var html = document.querySelector('html');
html.classList.remove('no-js')
html.classList.remove('light')
html.classList.add(theme);
html.classList.add('js');
< / script >
<!-- Hide / unhide sidebar before it is displayed -->
< script type = "text/javascript" >
var html = document.querySelector('html');
var sidebar = 'hidden';
if (document.body.clientWidth >= 1080) {
try { sidebar = localStorage.getItem('mdbook-sidebar'); } catch(e) { }
sidebar = sidebar || 'visible';
}
html.classList.remove('sidebar-visible');
html.classList.add("sidebar-" + sidebar);
< / script >
< nav id = "sidebar" class = "sidebar" aria-label = "Table of contents" >
< div class = "sidebar-scrollbox" >
< ol class = "chapter" > < li class = "chapter-item expanded affix " > < a href = "../about.html" > Rusty Book< / a > < / li > < li class = "chapter-item expanded affix " > < li class = "part-title" > Awesome< / li > < li class = "spacer" > < / li > < li class = "chapter-item expanded " > < a href = "../daily-dev.html" > 日常开发常用库< / a > < / li > < li class = "chapter-item expanded " > < a href = "../superstar.html" > Rust 明星项目< / a > < / li > < li class = "chapter-item expanded " > < a href = "../empowering-js.html" > 使用 Rust 增强 JS< / a > < / li > < li class = "chapter-item expanded " > < a href = "../games.html" > Rust开发的游戏< / a > < / li > < li class = "chapter-item expanded " > < a href = "../gamedev.html" > 游戏引擎< / a > < / li > < li class = "chapter-item expanded affix " > < li class = "part-title" > Awesome + Cookbook< / li > < li class = "spacer" > < / li > < li class = "chapter-item expanded " > < a href = "../algos/awesome.html" > 实用算法< / a > < a class = "toggle" > < div > ❱< / div > < / a > < / li > < li > < ol class = "section" > < li class = "chapter-item expanded " > < a href = "../algos/randomness.html" > 生成随机值< / a > < / li > < li class = "chapter-item expanded " > < a href = "../algos/sorting.html" > Vec 排序< / a > < / li > < li class = "chapter-item expanded " > < div > 压缩算法< / div > < a class = "toggle" > < div > ❱< / div > < / a > < / li > < li > < ol class = "section" > < li class = "chapter-item " > < a href = "../algos/compression/tar.html" > 使用.tar包< / a > < / li > < / ol > < / li > < li class = "chapter-item expanded " > < div > 密码学< / div > < a class = "toggle" > < div > ❱< / div > < / a > < / li > < li > < ol class = "section" > < li class = "chapter-item " > < a href = "../algos/cryptography/hashing.html" > 哈希< / a > < / li > < li class = "chapter-item " > < a href = "../algos/cryptography/encryption.html" > 加密< / a > < / li > < / ol > < / li > < li class = "chapter-item expanded " > < div > 数学计算< / div > < a class = "toggle" > < div > ❱< / div > < / a > < / li > < li > < ol class = "section" > < li class = "chapter-item " > < a href = "../algos/math/linear-algebra.html" > 线性代数< / a > < / li > < li class = "chapter-item " > < a href = "../algos/math/trigonometry.html" > 三角函数< / a > < / li > < li class = "chapter-item " > < a href = "../algos/math/complex.html" > 复数< / a > < / li > < li class = "chapter-item " > < a href = "../algos/math/statistics.html" > 统计学< / a > < / li > < li class = "chapter-item " > < a href = "../algos/math/misc.html" > 杂项< / a > < / li > < / ol > < / li > < / ol > < / li > < li class = "chapter-item expanded " > < a href = "../datastructures/awesome.html" > 数据结构< / a > < a class = "toggle" > < div > ❱< / div > < / a > < / li > < li > < ol class = "section" > < li class = "chapter-item expanded " > < a href = "../datastructures/bitfield.html" > 位字段< / a > < / li > < / ol > < / li > < li class = "chapter-item expanded " > < a href = "../cmd/awesome.html" > 命令行< / a > < a class = "toggle" > < div > ❱< / div > < / a > < / li > < li > < ol class = "section" > < li class = "chapter-item expanded " > < a href = "../cmd/parsing.html" > 参数解析< / a > < / li > < li class = "chapter-item expanded " > < a href = "../cmd/ansi.html" > 终端输出格式化< / a > < / li > < / ol > < / li > < li class = "chapter-item expanded " > < a href = "../os/awesome.html" > 操作系统< / a > < a class = "toggle" > < div > ❱< / div > < / a > < / li > < li > < ol class = "section" > < li class = "chapter-item expanded " > < a href = "../os/processor.html" > 处理器< / a > < / li > < li class = "chapter-item expanded " > < a href = "../os/command.html" > 调用系统命令< / a > < / li > < / ol > < / li > < li class = "chapter-item expanded " > < div > 并发< / div > < a class = "toggle" > < div > ❱< / div > < / a > < / li > < li > < ol class = "section" > < li class = "chapter-item expanded " > < a href = "../cocurrency/threads.html" > 线程< / a > < / li > < li class = "chapter-item expanded " > < a href = "../cocurrency/parallel.html" > 使用rayon并行处理数据< / a > < / li > < / ol > < / li > < li class = "chapter-item expanded " > < div > 数据库< / div > < a class = "toggle" > < div > ❱< / div > < / a > < / li > < li > < ol class = "section" > < li class = "chapter-item expanded " > < a href = "../database/sqlite.html" class = "active" > SQLite< / a > < / li > < li class = "chapter-item expanded " > < a href = "../database/postgres.html" > Postgres< / a > < / li > < / ol > < / li > < li class = "chapter-item expanded " > < div > 日期和时间< / div > < a class = "toggle" > < div > ❱< / div > < / a > < / li > < li > < ol class = "section" > < li class = "chapter-item expanded " > < a href = "../datetime/duration.html" > 时间计算和转换< / a > < / li > < li class = "chapter-item expanded " > < a href = "../datetime/parsing.html" > 解析和显示< / a > < / li > < / ol > < / li > < li cl
< / div >
< div id = "sidebar-resize-handle" class = "sidebar-resize-handle" > < / div >
< / nav >
< div id = "page-wrapper" class = "page-wrapper" >
< div class = "page" >
< div id = "menu-bar-hover-placeholder" > < / div >
< div id = "menu-bar" class = "menu-bar sticky bordered" >
< div class = "left-buttons" >
< button id = "sidebar-toggle" class = "icon-button" type = "button" title = "Toggle Table of Contents" aria-label = "Toggle Table of Contents" aria-controls = "sidebar" >
< i class = "fa fa-bars" > < / i >
< / button >
< button id = "theme-toggle" class = "icon-button" type = "button" title = "Change theme" aria-label = "Change theme" aria-haspopup = "true" aria-expanded = "false" aria-controls = "theme-list" >
< i class = "fa fa-paint-brush" > < / i >
< / button >
< ul id = "theme-list" class = "theme-popup" aria-label = "Themes" role = "menu" >
< li role = "none" > < button role = "menuitem" class = "theme" id = "light" > Light (default)< / button > < / li >
< li role = "none" > < button role = "menuitem" class = "theme" id = "rust" > Rust< / button > < / li >
< li role = "none" > < button role = "menuitem" class = "theme" id = "coal" > Coal< / button > < / li >
< li role = "none" > < button role = "menuitem" class = "theme" id = "navy" > Navy< / button > < / li >
< li role = "none" > < button role = "menuitem" class = "theme" id = "ayu" > Ayu< / button > < / li >
< / ul >
< button id = "search-toggle" class = "icon-button" type = "button" title = "Search. (Shortkey: s)" aria-label = "Toggle Searchbar" aria-expanded = "false" aria-keyshortcuts = "S" aria-controls = "searchbar" >
< i class = "fa fa-search" > < / i >
< / button >
< / div >
< h1 class = "menu-title" > Rusty Book(锈书)< / h1 >
< div class = "right-buttons" >
< a href = "../print.html" title = "Print this book" aria-label = "Print this book" >
< i id = "print-button" class = "fa fa-print" > < / i >
< / a >
< a href = "https://github.com/studyrs/rusty-book" title = "Git repository" aria-label = "Git repository" >
< i id = "git-repository-button" class = "fa fa-github" > < / i >
< / a >
< a href = "https://github.com/studyrs/rusty-book/edit/main/src/database/sqlite.md" title = "Suggest an edit" aria-label = "Suggest an edit" >
< i id = "git-edit-button" class = "fa fa-edit" > < / i >
< / a >
< / div >
< / div >
< div id = "search-wrapper" class = "hidden" >
< form id = "searchbar-outer" class = "searchbar-outer" >
< input type = "search" id = "searchbar" name = "searchbar" placeholder = "Search this book ..." aria-controls = "searchresults-outer" aria-describedby = "searchresults-header" >
< / form >
< div id = "searchresults-outer" class = "searchresults-outer hidden" >
< div id = "searchresults-header" class = "searchresults-header" > < / div >
< ul id = "searchresults" >
< / ul >
< / div >
< / div >
<!-- Apply ARIA attributes after the sidebar and the sidebar toggle button are added to the DOM -->
< script type = "text/javascript" >
document.getElementById('sidebar-toggle').setAttribute('aria-expanded', sidebar === 'visible');
document.getElementById('sidebar').setAttribute('aria-hidden', sidebar !== 'visible');
Array.from(document.querySelectorAll('#sidebar a')).forEach(function(link) {
link.setAttribute('tabIndex', sidebar === 'visible' ? 0 : -1);
});
< / script >
< div id = "content" class = "content" >
<!-- Page table of contents -->
< div class = "sidetoc" > < nav class = "pagetoc" > < / nav > < / div >
< main >
< h1 id = "sqlite" > < a class = "header" href = "#sqlite" > SQLite< / a > < / h1 >
< h3 id = "创建-sqlite-数据库" > < a class = "header" href = "#创建-sqlite-数据库" > 创建 SQLite 数据库< / a > < / h3 >
< p > 使用 < code > rusqlite< / code > 可以创建 SQLite 数据库，< a href = "https://docs.rs/rusqlite/*/rusqlite/struct.Connection.html#method.open" > Connection::open< / a > 会尝试打开一个数据库，若不存在，则创建新的数据库。< / p >
< blockquote >
< p > 这里创建的 < code > cats.db< / code > 数据库将被后面的例子所使用< / p >
< / blockquote >
< pre > < pre class = "playground" > < code class = "language-rust editable edition2021" > use rusqlite::{Connection, Result};
use rusqlite::NO_PARAMS;
fn main() -> Result< ()> {
let conn = Connection::open(" cats.db" )?;
conn.execute(
" create table if not exists cat_colors (
id integer primary key,
name text not null unique
)" ,
NO_PARAMS,
)?;
conn.execute(
" create table if not exists cats (
id integer primary key,
name text not null,
color_id integer not null references cat_colors(id)
)" ,
NO_PARAMS,
)?;
Ok(())
}
< / code > < / pre > < / pre >
< h3 id = "插入和查询" > < a class = "header" href = "#插入和查询" > 插入和查询< / a > < / h3 >
< pre > < pre class = "playground" > < code class = "language-rust editable edition2021" >
use rusqlite::NO_PARAMS;
use rusqlite::{Connection, Result};
use std::collections::HashMap;
#[derive(Debug)]
struct Cat {
name: String,
color: String,
}
fn main() -> Result< ()> {
// 打开第一个例子所创建的数据库
let conn = Connection::open(" cats.db" )?;
let mut cat_colors = HashMap::new();
cat_colors.insert(String::from(" Blue" ), vec![" Tigger" , " Sammy" ]);
cat_colors.insert(String::from(" Black" ), vec![" Oreo" , " Biscuit" ]);
for (color, catnames) in & cat_colors {
// 插入一条数据行
conn.execute(
" INSERT INTO cat_colors (name) values (?1)" ,
& [& color.to_string()],
)?;
// 获取最近插入数据行的 id
let last_id: String = conn.last_insert_rowid().to_string();
for cat in catnames {
conn.execute(
" INSERT INTO cats (name, color_id) values (?1, ?2)" ,
& [& cat.to_string(), & last_id],
)?;
}
}
let mut stmt = conn.prepare(
" SELECT c.name, cc.name from cats c
INNER JOIN cat_colors cc
ON cc.id = c.color_id;" ,
)?;
let cats = stmt.query_map(NO_PARAMS, |row| {
Ok(Cat {
name: row.get(0)?,
color: row.get(1)?,
})
})?;
for cat in cats {
println!(" Found cat {:?}" , cat);
}
Ok(())
}
< / code > < / pre > < / pre >
< h3 id = "使用事务" > < a class = "header" href = "#使用事务" > 使用事务< / a > < / h3 >
< p > 使用 < a href = "https://docs.rs/rusqlite/*/rusqlite/struct.Connection.html#method.transaction" > Connection::transaction< / a > 可以开始新的事务，若没有对事务进行显式地提交 < a href = "https://docs.rs/rusqlite/0.27.0/rusqlite/struct.Transaction.html#method.commit" > Transaction::commit< / a > ，则会进行回滚。< / p >
< p > 下面的例子中，< code > rolled_back_tx< / code > 插入了重复的颜色名称，会发生回滚。< / p >
< pre > < pre class = "playground" > < code class = "language-rust editable edition2021" > use rusqlite::{Connection, Result, NO_PARAMS};
fn main() -> Result< ()> {
// 打开第一个例子所创建的数据库
let mut conn = Connection::open(" cats.db" )?;
successful_tx(& mut conn)?;
let res = rolled_back_tx(& mut conn);
assert!(res.is_err());
Ok(())
}
fn successful_tx(conn: & mut Connection) -> Result< ()> {
let tx = conn.transaction()?;
tx.execute(" delete from cat_colors" , NO_PARAMS)?;
tx.execute(" insert into cat_colors (name) values (?1)" , & [& " lavender" ])?;
tx.execute(" insert into cat_colors (name) values (?1)" , & [& " blue" ])?;
tx.commit()
}
fn rolled_back_tx(conn: & mut Connection) -> Result< ()> {
let tx = conn.transaction()?;
tx.execute(" delete from cat_colors" , NO_PARAMS)?;
tx.execute(" insert into cat_colors (name) values (?1)" , & [& " lavender" ])?;
tx.execute(" insert into cat_colors (name) values (?1)" , & [& " blue" ])?;
tx.execute(" insert into cat_colors (name) values (?1)" , & [& " lavender" ])?;
tx.commit()
}
< / code > < / pre > < / pre >
< div id = "giscus-container" > < / div >
< / main >
< nav class = "nav-wrapper" aria-label = "Page navigation" >
<!-- Mobile navigation buttons -->
< a rel = "prev" href = "../cocurrency/parallel.html" class = "mobile-nav-chapters previous" title = "Previous chapter" aria-label = "Previous chapter" aria-keyshortcuts = "Left" >
< i class = "fa fa-angle-left" > < / i >
< / a >
< a rel = "next" href = "../database/postgres.html" class = "mobile-nav-chapters next" title = "Next chapter" aria-label = "Next chapter" aria-keyshortcuts = "Right" >
< i class = "fa fa-angle-right" > < / i >
< / a >
< div style = "clear: both" > < / div >
< / nav >
< / div >
< / div >
< nav class = "nav-wide-wrapper" aria-label = "Page navigation" >
< a rel = "prev" href = "../cocurrency/parallel.html" class = "nav-chapters previous" title = "Previous chapter" aria-label = "Previous chapter" aria-keyshortcuts = "Left" >
< i class = "fa fa-angle-left" > < / i >
< / a >
< a rel = "next" href = "../database/postgres.html" class = "nav-chapters next" title = "Next chapter" aria-label = "Next chapter" aria-keyshortcuts = "Right" >
< i class = "fa fa-angle-right" > < / i >
< / a >
< / nav >
< / div >
< script type = "text/javascript" >
window.playground_copyable = true;
< / script >
< script src = "../ace.js" type = "text/javascript" charset = "utf-8" > < / script >
< script src = "../editor.js" type = "text/javascript" charset = "utf-8" > < / script >
< script src = "../mode-rust.js" type = "text/javascript" charset = "utf-8" > < / script >
< script src = "../theme-dawn.js" type = "text/javascript" charset = "utf-8" > < / script >
< script src = "../theme-tomorrow_night.js" type = "text/javascript" charset = "utf-8" > < / script >
< script src = "../elasticlunr.min.js" type = "text/javascript" charset = "utf-8" > < / script >
< script src = "../mark.min.js" type = "text/javascript" charset = "utf-8" > < / script >
< script src = "../searcher.js" type = "text/javascript" charset = "utf-8" > < / script >
< script src = "../clipboard.min.js" type = "text/javascript" charset = "utf-8" > < / script >
< script src = "../highlight.js" type = "text/javascript" charset = "utf-8" > < / script >
< script src = "../book.js" type = "text/javascript" charset = "utf-8" > < / script >
< script type = "text/javascript" charset = "utf-8" >
var pagePath = "database/sqlite.md"
< / script >
<!-- Custom JS scripts -->
< script type = "text/javascript" src = "../assets/custom1.js" > < / script >
< script type = "text/javascript" src = "../assets/bigPicture.js" > < / script >
< / body >
< / html >
