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<main>
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<h2 id="vector-排序"><a class="header" href="#vector-排序">Vector 排序</a></h2>
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<h3 id="对整数-vector-排序"><a class="header" href="#对整数-vector-排序">对整数 Vector 排序</a></h3>
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<p>以下示例使用 <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/vec/struct.Vec.html#method.sort">Vec::sort</a> 来排序，如果大家希望获得更高的性能，可以使用 <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/vec/struct.Vec.html#method.sort_unstable">Vec::sort_unstable</a>，但是该方法无法保留相等元素的顺序。</p>
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<pre><pre class="playground"><code class="language-rust editable edition2021">fn main() {
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let mut vec = vec![1, 5, 10, 2, 15];
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vec.sort();
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assert_eq!(vec, vec![1, 2, 5, 10, 15]);
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}
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</code></pre></pre>
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<h3 id="对浮点数-vector-排序"><a class="header" href="#对浮点数-vector-排序">对浮点数 Vector 排序</a></h3>
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<p>浮点数数组可以使用 <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/primitive.slice.html#method.sort_by">Vec::sort_by</a> 和 <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/cmp/trait.PartialOrd.html#tymethod.partial_cmp">PartialOrd::partial_cmp</a> 进行排序。</p>
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<pre><pre class="playground"><code class="language-rust editable edition2021">fn main() {
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let mut vec = vec![1.1, 1.15, 5.5, 1.123, 2.0];
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vec.sort_by(|a, b| a.partial_cmp(b).unwrap());
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assert_eq!(vec, vec![1.1, 1.123, 1.15, 2.0, 5.5]);
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}
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</code></pre></pre>
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<h3 id="对结构体-vector-排序"><a class="header" href="#对结构体-vector-排序">对结构体 Vector 排序</a></h3>
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<p>以下示例中的结构体 <code>Person</code> 将实现基于字段 <code>name</code> 和 <code>age</code> 的自然排序。为了让 <code>Person</code> 变为可排序的，我们需要为其派生 <code>Eq、PartialEq、Ord、PartialOrd</code> 特征，关于这几个特征的详情，请见<a href="https://course.rs/advance/confonding/eq.html">这里</a>。</p>
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<p>当然，还可以使用 <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/vec/struct.Vec.html#method.sort_by">vec:sort_by</a> 方法配合一个自定义比较函数，只按照 <code>age</code> 的维度对 <code>Person</code> 数组排序。</p>
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<pre><pre class="playground"><code class="language-rust editable edition2021">#[derive(Debug, Eq, Ord, PartialEq, PartialOrd)]
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struct Person {
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name: String,
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age: u32
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}
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impl Person {
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pub fn new(name: String, age: u32) -> Self {
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Person {
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name,
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age
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}
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}
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}
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fn main() {
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let mut people = vec![
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Person::new("Zoe".to_string(), 25),
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Person::new("Al".to_string(), 60),
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Person::new("John".to_string(), 1),
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];
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// 通过派生后的自然顺序(Name and age)排序
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people.sort();
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assert_eq!(
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people,
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vec![
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Person::new("Al".to_string(), 60),
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Person::new("John".to_string(), 1),
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Person::new("Zoe".to_string(), 25),
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]);
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// 只通过 age 排序
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people.sort_by(|a, b| b.age.cmp(&a.age));
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assert_eq!(
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people,
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vec![
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Person::new("Al".to_string(), 60),
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Person::new("Zoe".to_string(), 25),
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Person::new("John".to_string(), 1),
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]);
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}
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</code></pre></pre>
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