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326 lines
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326 lines
21 KiB
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<main>
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<h1 id="结构化数据"><a class="header" href="#结构化数据">结构化数据</a></h1>
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<h3 id="序列和反序列非结构化的json"><a class="header" href="#序列和反序列非结构化的json">序列和反序列非结构化的JSON</a></h3>
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<p><a href="">serde_json</a> 是一个高性能的 JSON 包，它支持我们在不声明结构体的情况下，去解析 JSON。</p>
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<pre><pre class="playground"><code class="language-rust editable edition2021">use serde_json::json;
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use serde_json::{Value, Error};
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fn main() -> Result<(), Error> {
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let j = r#"{
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"userid": 103609,
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"verified": true,
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"access_privileges": [
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"user",
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"admin"
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]
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}"#;
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let parsed: Value = serde_json::from_str(j)?;
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let expected = json!({
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"userid": 103609,
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"verified": true,
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"access_privileges": [
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"user",
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"admin"
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]
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});
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assert_eq!(parsed, expected);
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Ok(())
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}
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</code></pre></pre>
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<h3 id="解析-toml-文件"><a class="header" href="#解析-toml-文件">解析 TOML 文件</a></h3>
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<p><a href="https://docs.rs/toml/latest/toml/">toml</a> 包可以将 TOML 文件的内容解析为一个 <code>toml::Value</code> 值，该值能代表任何合法的 TOML 数据。</p>
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<pre><pre class="playground"><code class="language-rust editable edition2021">use toml::{Value, de::Error};
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fn main() -> Result<(), Error> {
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let toml_content = r#"
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[package]
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name = "your_package"
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version = "0.1.0"
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authors = ["You! <you@example.org>"]
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[dependencies]
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serde = "1.0"
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"#;
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let package_info: Value = toml::from_str(toml_content)?;
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assert_eq!(package_info["dependencies"]["serde"].as_str(), Some("1.0"));
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assert_eq!(package_info["package"]["name"].as_str(),
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Some("your_package"));
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Ok(())
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}
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</code></pre></pre>
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<p>还可以配合 <a href="">serde</a> 将 TOML 解析到我们自定义的结构体中：</p>
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<pre><pre class="playground"><code class="language-rust editable edition2021">use serde::Deserialize;
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use toml::de::Error;
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use std::collections::HashMap;
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#[derive(Deserialize)]
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struct Config {
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package: Package,
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dependencies: HashMap<String, String>,
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}
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#[derive(Deserialize)]
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struct Package {
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name: String,
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version: String,
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authors: Vec<String>,
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}
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fn main() -> Result<(), Error> {
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let toml_content = r#"
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[package]
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name = "your_package"
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version = "0.1.0"
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authors = ["You! <you@example.org>"]
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[dependencies]
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serde = "1.0"
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"#;
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let package_info: Config = toml::from_str(toml_content)?;
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assert_eq!(package_info.package.name, "your_package");
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assert_eq!(package_info.package.version, "0.1.0");
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assert_eq!(package_info.package.authors, vec!["You! <you@example.org>"]);
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assert_eq!(package_info.dependencies["serde"], "1.0");
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Ok(())
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}
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</code></pre></pre>
|
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<h3 id="使用小端字节序来读写整数"><a class="header" href="#使用小端字节序来读写整数">使用小端字节序来读写整数</a></h3>
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<p><a href="https://docs.rs/byteorder/latest/byteorder/">byteorder</a> 在自行接收或发送网络字节流时会非常有用( 除非性能要求高，否则还是建议使用 JSON 等数据协议，不要自己做字节流解析 )。</p>
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<pre><pre class="playground"><code class="language-rust editable edition2021">
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use byteorder::{LittleEndian, ReadBytesExt, WriteBytesExt};
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use std::io::Error;
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|
#[derive(Default, PartialEq, Debug)]
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|
struct Payload {
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|
kind: u8,
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|
value: u16,
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
fn main() -> Result<(), Error> {
|
|
let original_payload = Payload::default();
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|
let encoded_bytes = encode(&original_payload)?;
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|
let decoded_payload = decode(&encoded_bytes)?;
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|
assert_eq!(original_payload, decoded_payload);
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Ok(())
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
fn encode(payload: &Payload) -> Result<Vec<u8>, Error> {
|
|
let mut bytes = vec![];
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|
bytes.write_u8(payload.kind)?;
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|
bytes.write_u16::<LittleEndian>(payload.value)?;
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Ok(bytes)
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|
}
|
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|
|
fn decode(mut bytes: &[u8]) -> Result<Payload, Error> {
|
|
let payload = Payload {
|
|
kind: bytes.read_u8()?,
|
|
value: bytes.read_u16::<LittleEndian>()?,
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};
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Ok(payload)
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}
|
|
</code></pre></pre>
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