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<ol class="chapter"><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><a href="../about.html">Rusty Book</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><li class="part-title">Awesome</li><li class="spacer"></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../daily-dev.html">日常开发常用库</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../superstar.html">Rust 明星项目</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../empowering-js.html">使用 Rust 增强 JS</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../games.html">Rust开发的游戏</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../gamedev.html">游戏引擎</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><li class="part-title">Awesome + Cookbook</li><li class="spacer"></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../algos/awesome.html">实用算法</a><a class="toggle"><div>❱</div></a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../algos/randomness.html">生成随机值</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a 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<main>
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<h1 id="目录访问"><a class="header" href="#目录访问">目录访问</a></h1>
|
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|
<h3 id="获取24小时内被修改过的文件"><a class="header" href="#获取24小时内被修改过的文件">获取24小时内被修改过的文件</a></h3>
|
|
|
<p>通过遍历读取目录中文件的 <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/fs/struct.Metadata.html#method.modified">Metadata::modified</a> 属性，来获取目标文件名列表。</p>
|
|
|
<pre><pre class="playground"><code class="language-rust editable edition2021">use error_chain::error_chain;
|
|
|
|
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|
use std::{env, fs};
|
|
|
|
|
|
error_chain! {
|
|
|
foreign_links {
|
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|
Io(std::io::Error);
|
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|
SystemTimeError(std::time::SystemTimeError);
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
fn main() -> Result<()> {
|
|
|
let current_dir = env::current_dir()?;
|
|
|
println!(
|
|
|
"Entries modified in the last 24 hours in {:?}:",
|
|
|
current_dir
|
|
|
);
|
|
|
|
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|
for entry in fs::read_dir(current_dir)? {
|
|
|
let entry = entry?;
|
|
|
let path = entry.path();
|
|
|
|
|
|
let metadata = fs::metadata(&path)?;
|
|
|
let last_modified = metadata.modified()?.elapsed()?.as_secs();
|
|
|
|
|
|
if last_modified < 24 * 3600 && metadata.is_file() {
|
|
|
println!(
|
|
|
"Last modified: {:?} seconds, is read only: {:?}, size: {:?} bytes, filename: {:?}",
|
|
|
last_modified,
|
|
|
metadata.permissions().readonly(),
|
|
|
metadata.len(),
|
|
|
path.file_name().ok_or("No filename")?
|
|
|
);
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ok(())
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
</code></pre></pre>
|
|
|
<h3 id="获取给定路径的-loops"><a class="header" href="#获取给定路径的-loops">获取给定路径的 loops</a></h3>
|
|
|
<p>使用 <a href="">same_file::is_same_file</a> 可以检查给定路径的 loops，loop 可以通过以下方式创建:</p>
|
|
|
<pre><code class="language-shell">mkdir -p /tmp/foo/bar/baz
|
|
|
ln -s /tmp/foo/ /tmp/foo/bar/baz/qux
|
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
|
<pre><pre class="playground"><code class="language-rust editable edition2021">use std::io;
|
|
|
use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
|
|
|
use same_file::is_same_file;
|
|
|
|
|
|
fn contains_loop<P: AsRef<Path>>(path: P) -> io::Result<Option<(PathBuf, PathBuf)>> {
|
|
|
let path = path.as_ref();
|
|
|
let mut path_buf = path.to_path_buf();
|
|
|
while path_buf.pop() {
|
|
|
if is_same_file(&path_buf, path)? {
|
|
|
return Ok(Some((path_buf, path.to_path_buf())));
|
|
|
} else if let Some(looped_paths) = contains_loop(&path_buf)? {
|
|
|
return Ok(Some(looped_paths));
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
return Ok(None);
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
fn main() {
|
|
|
assert_eq!(
|
|
|
contains_loop("/tmp/foo/bar/baz/qux/bar/baz").unwrap(),
|
|
|
Some((
|
|
|
PathBuf::from("/tmp/foo"),
|
|
|
PathBuf::from("/tmp/foo/bar/baz/qux")
|
|
|
))
|
|
|
);
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
</code></pre></pre>
|
|
|
<h3 id="递归查找重复的文件名"><a class="header" href="#递归查找重复的文件名">递归查找重复的文件名</a></h3>
|
|
|
<p><a href="https://docs.rs/walkdir/latest/walkdir/">walkdir</a> 可以帮助我们遍历指定的目录。</p>
|
|
|
<pre><pre class="playground"><code class="language-rust editable edition2021">use std::collections::HashMap;
|
|
|
use walkdir::WalkDir;
|
|
|
|
|
|
fn main() {
|
|
|
let mut filenames = HashMap::new();
|
|
|
|
|
|
// 遍历当前目录
|
|
|
for entry in WalkDir::new(".")
|
|
|
.into_iter()
|
|
|
.filter_map(Result::ok)
|
|
|
.filter(|e| !e.file_type().is_dir()) {
|
|
|
let f_name = String::from(entry.file_name().to_string_lossy());
|
|
|
let counter = filenames.entry(f_name.clone()).or_insert(0);
|
|
|
*counter += 1;
|
|
|
|
|
|
if *counter == 2 {
|
|
|
println!("{}", f_name);
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
</code></pre></pre>
|
|
|
<h3 id="递归查找满足条件的所有文件"><a class="header" href="#递归查找满足条件的所有文件">递归查找满足条件的所有文件</a></h3>
|
|
|
<p>下面的代码通过 <a href="https://docs.rs/walkdir/latest/walkdir/">walkdir</a> 来查找当前目录中最近一天内发生过修改的所有文件。</p>
|
|
|
<p><a href="https://docs.rs/walkdir/*/walkdir/struct.WalkDir.html#method.follow_links">follow_links</a> 为 <code>true</code> 时，那软链接会被当成正常的文件或目录一样对待，也就是说软链接指向的文件或目录也会被访问和检查。若软链接指向的目标不存在或它是一个 loops，就会导致错误的发生。</p>
|
|
|
<pre><pre class="playground"><code class="language-rust editable edition2021"><span class="boring">use error_chain::error_chain;
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
use walkdir::WalkDir;
|
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="boring">error_chain! {
|
|
|
</span><span class="boring"> foreign_links {
|
|
|
</span><span class="boring"> WalkDir(walkdir::Error);
|
|
|
</span><span class="boring"> Io(std::io::Error);
|
|
|
</span><span class="boring"> SystemTime(std::time::SystemTimeError);
|
|
|
</span><span class="boring"> }
|
|
|
</span><span class="boring">}
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
fn main() -> Result<()> {
|
|
|
for entry in WalkDir::new(".")
|
|
|
.follow_links(true)
|
|
|
.into_iter()
|
|
|
.filter_map(|e| e.ok()) {
|
|
|
let f_name = entry.file_name().to_string_lossy();
|
|
|
let sec = entry.metadata()?.modified()?;
|
|
|
|
|
|
if f_name.ends_with(".json") && sec.elapsed()?.as_secs() < 86400 {
|
|
|
println!("{}", f_name);
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ok(())
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
</code></pre></pre>
|
|
|
<h3 id="遍历目录跳过隐藏文件"><a class="header" href="#遍历目录跳过隐藏文件">遍历目录跳过隐藏文件</a></h3>
|
|
|
<p>下面例子使用 <a href="https://docs.rs/walkdir/latest/walkdir/">walkdir</a> 来遍历一个目录，同时跳过隐藏文件 <code>is_not_hidden</code>。</p>
|
|
|
<pre><pre class="playground"><code class="language-rust editable edition2021">use walkdir::{DirEntry, WalkDir};
|
|
|
|
|
|
fn is_not_hidden(entry: &DirEntry) -> bool {
|
|
|
entry
|
|
|
.file_name()
|
|
|
.to_str()
|
|
|
.map(|s| entry.depth() == 0 || !s.starts_with("."))
|
|
|
.unwrap_or(false)
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
fn main() {
|
|
|
WalkDir::new(".")
|
|
|
.into_iter()
|
|
|
.filter_entry(|e| is_not_hidden(e))
|
|
|
.filter_map(|v| v.ok())
|
|
|
.for_each(|x| println!("{}", x.path().display()));
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
</code></pre></pre>
|
|
|
<h3 id="递归计算给定深度的文件大小"><a class="header" href="#递归计算给定深度的文件大小">递归计算给定深度的文件大小</a></h3>
|
|
|
<p>递归访问的深度可以使用 <a href="https://docs.rs/walkdir/*/walkdir/struct.WalkDir.html#method.min_depth">WalkDir::min_depth</a> 和 <a href="https://docs.rs/walkdir/2.3.2/walkdir/struct.WalkDir.html#method.max_depth">WalkDir::max_depth</a> 来控制。</p>
|
|
|
<pre><pre class="playground"><code class="language-rust editable edition2021">use walkdir::WalkDir;
|
|
|
|
|
|
fn main() {
|
|
|
let total_size = WalkDir::new(".")
|
|
|
.min_depth(1)
|
|
|
.max_depth(3)
|
|
|
.into_iter()
|
|
|
.filter_map(|entry| entry.ok())
|
|
|
.filter_map(|entry| entry.metadata().ok())
|
|
|
.filter(|metadata| metadata.is_file())
|
|
|
.fold(0, |acc, m| acc + m.len());
|
|
|
|
|
|
println!("Total size: {} bytes.", total_size);
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
</code></pre></pre>
|
|
|
<h3 id="递归查找所有-png-文件"><a class="header" href="#递归查找所有-png-文件">递归查找所有 png 文件</a></h3>
|
|
|
<p>例子中使用了 <a href="https://docs.rs/glob/">glob</a> 包，其中的 <code>**</code> 代表当前目录及其所有子目录，例如，<code>/media/**/*.png</code> 代表在 <code>media</code> 和它的所有子目录下查找 png 文件.</p>
|
|
|
<pre><pre class="playground"><code class="language-rust editable edition2021"><span class="boring">use error_chain::error_chain;
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
use glob::glob;
|
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="boring">error_chain! {
|
|
|
</span><span class="boring"> foreign_links {
|
|
|
</span><span class="boring"> Glob(glob::GlobError);
|
|
|
</span><span class="boring"> Pattern(glob::PatternError);
|
|
|
</span><span class="boring"> }
|
|
|
</span><span class="boring">}
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
fn main() -> Result<()> {
|
|
|
for entry in glob("**/*.png")? {
|
|
|
println!("{}", entry?.display());
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ok(())
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
</code></pre></pre>
|
|
|
<h3 id="查找满足给定正则的所有文件且忽略文件名大小写"><a class="header" href="#查找满足给定正则的所有文件且忽略文件名大小写">查找满足给定正则的所有文件且忽略文件名大小写</a></h3>
|
|
|
<p><a href="https://docs.rs/glob/*/glob/fn.glob_with.html">glob_with</a> 函数可以按照给定的正则表达式进行查找，同时还能使用选项来控制一些匹配设置。</p>
|
|
|
<pre><pre class="playground"><code class="language-rust editable edition2021">use error_chain::error_chain;
|
|
|
use glob::{glob_with, MatchOptions};
|
|
|
|
|
|
error_chain! {
|
|
|
foreign_links {
|
|
|
Glob(glob::GlobError);
|
|
|
Pattern(glob::PatternError);
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
fn main() -> Result<()> {
|
|
|
let options = MatchOptions {
|
|
|
case_sensitive: false,
|
|
|
..Default::default()
|
|
|
};
|
|
|
|
|
|
for entry in glob_with("/media/img_[0-9]*.png", options)? {
|
|
|
println!("{}", entry?.display());
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ok(())
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
</code></pre></pre>
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