import requests
import csv
from lxml import etree
import pandas as pd
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

url = "https://www.bitpush.news/covid19/"
headers = {
    "user-agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/98.0.4758.82 Safari/537.36",
}  # 头部，伪装浏览器访问，防反爬虫。
response = requests.get(url=url, headers=headers)  # request.get请求网址
html = response.text    # 网址源代码
parse = etree.HTMLParser(encoding='utf-8')  # 创建HTML解析，格式为"utf-8"
doc = etree.HTML(html)

# xpath解析网站格式
country = doc.xpath('/html/body/div/div/div[2]/div[2]/div/div/div/div/div[1]/table/tbody/tr/td/span/text()')
person = doc.xpath('/html/body/div/div/div[2]/div[2]/div/div/div/div/div[1]/table/tbody/tr/td[2]/text()')
person = [x.replace(",", "") for x in person]  # 由于确诊人数中有逗号，我们使用列表推导式删除
death = doc.xpath('/html/body/div/div/div[2]/div[2]/div/div/div/div/div[1]/table/tbody/tr/td[3]/text()')
death = [x.replace(",", "") for x in death]  # 同上

message = list(zip(country, person, death))  # 打包数据之后将其转换成列表
# csv文件保存
with open("content.csv", "w", encoding="utf-8", newline="") as f:   # newline=""防止空行
    w = csv.writer(f)
    w.writerows(message)
df = pd.read_csv("content.csv", names=["country", "person", "death"])
df1 = df.head(15)  # df的前15项

# 绘制条形图
# 设置中文显示
plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['SimHei']
plt.rcParams['figure.figsize'] = (10, 5)  # 设置figure_size尺寸
# x轴坐标
x = df1["country"].values
# y轴坐标
y = df1["person"].values
# 绘制柱状图
plt.bar(x, y)
# 设置x轴名称
plt.xlabel("城市", fontsize=14)
# 设置x轴名称
plt.ylabel("确诊人数", fontsize=14)
plt.show()   # 显示条形图