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#!/usr/bin/env python3
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# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
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"""
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数学题目生成器
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生成小学、初中、高中的数学选择题
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"""
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import random
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import math
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class QuestionGenerator:
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"""数学题目生成器"""
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def __init__(self):
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self.generated_questions = set() # 用于避免重复题目
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def generate_questions(self, level, count):
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"""生成指定数量和难度的题目"""
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questions = []
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self.generated_questions.clear()
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for _ in range(count):
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question = self._generate_single_question(level)
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# 确保题目不重复
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while str(question) in self.generated_questions:
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question = self._generate_single_question(level)
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self.generated_questions.add(str(question))
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questions.append(question)
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return questions
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def _generate_single_question(self, level):
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"""生成单个题目"""
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if level == "小学":
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return self._generate_primary_question()
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elif level == "初中":
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return self._generate_middle_question()
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elif level == "高中":
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return self._generate_high_question()
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else:
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raise ValueError("不支持的学段")
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def _generate_primary_question(self):
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"""生成小学题目"""
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question_types = [
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self._basic_arithmetic,
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self._fraction_question,
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self._decimal_question,
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self._geometry_question,
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self._word_problem
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]
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return random.choice(question_types)()
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def _generate_middle_question(self):
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"""生成初中题目"""
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question_types = [
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self._algebra_question,
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self._geometry_advanced,
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self._function_question,
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self._equation_question,
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self._statistics_question
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]
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return random.choice(question_types)()
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def _generate_high_question(self):
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"""生成高中题目"""
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question_types = [
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self._trigonometry_question,
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self._calculus_question,
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self._complex_number_question,
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self._sequence_question,
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self._probability_question
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]
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return random.choice(question_types)()
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def _basic_arithmetic(self):
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"""基础四则运算"""
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operations = ['+', '-', '*', '/']
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op = random.choice(operations)
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if op == '+':
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a, b = random.randint(1, 100), random.randint(1, 100)
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answer = a + b
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question = f"{a} + {b} = ?"
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elif op == '-':
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a, b = random.randint(50, 100), random.randint(1, 50)
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answer = a - b
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question = f"{a} - {b} = ?"
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elif op == '*':
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a, b = random.randint(1, 12), random.randint(1, 12)
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answer = a * b
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question = f"{a} × {b} = ?"
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else: # division
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b = random.randint(2, 12)
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answer = random.randint(1, 12)
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a = b * answer
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question = f"{a} ÷ {b} = ?"
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# 生成错误选项
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options = [answer]
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while len(options) < 4:
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wrong = answer + random.randint(-10, 10)
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if wrong != answer and wrong > 0 and wrong not in options:
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options.append(wrong)
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random.shuffle(options)
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correct_index = options.index(answer)
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return {
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'question': question,
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'options': options,
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'correct_answer': correct_index,
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'level': '小学'
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}
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def _fraction_question(self):
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"""分数题目"""
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# 简单的分数加法
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a1, b1 = random.randint(1, 5), random.randint(2, 8)
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a2, b2 = random.randint(1, 5), random.randint(2, 8)
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# 确保分母相同
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b1 = b2 = random.randint(2, 8)
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question = f"{a1}/{b1} + {a2}/{b2} = ?"
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# 计算答案
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numerator = a1 + a2
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denominator = b1
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# 简化分数
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gcd_val = math.gcd(numerator, denominator)
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answer_num = numerator // gcd_val
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answer_den = denominator // gcd_val
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if answer_den == 1:
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answer = answer_num
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else:
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answer = f"{answer_num}/{answer_den}"
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# 生成选项
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options = [answer]
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while len(options) < 4:
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if isinstance(answer, int):
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wrong = answer + random.randint(-2, 2)
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if wrong != answer and wrong > 0:
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options.append(wrong)
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else:
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wrong_num = answer_num + random.randint(-2, 2)
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wrong_den = answer_den + random.randint(-1, 1)
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if wrong_den <= 0:
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wrong_den = answer_den
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if wrong_num > 0:
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options.append(f"{wrong_num}/{wrong_den}")
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random.shuffle(options)
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correct_index = options.index(answer)
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return {
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'question': question,
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'options': options,
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'correct_answer': correct_index,
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'level': '小学'
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}
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def _decimal_question(self):
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"""小数题目"""
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a = round(random.uniform(1, 10), 1)
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b = round(random.uniform(1, 10), 1)
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question = f"{a} + {b} = ?"
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answer = round(a + b, 1)
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options = [answer]
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while len(options) < 4:
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wrong = round(answer + random.uniform(-2, 2), 1)
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if wrong != answer and wrong > 0 and wrong not in options:
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options.append(wrong)
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random.shuffle(options)
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correct_index = options.index(answer)
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return {
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'question': question,
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'options': options,
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'correct_answer': correct_index,
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'level': '小学'
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}
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def _geometry_question(self):
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"""几何题目"""
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shapes = ['正方形', '长方形', '圆形', '三角形']
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shape = random.choice(shapes)
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if shape == '正方形':
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side = random.randint(2, 10)
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question = f"边长为{side}的正方形的面积是？"
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answer = side * side
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elif shape == '长方形':
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length = random.randint(3, 10)
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width = random.randint(2, 8)
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question = f"长为{length}，宽为{width}的长方形的面积是？"
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answer = length * width
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elif shape == '圆形':
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radius = random.randint(2, 8)
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question = f"半径为{radius}的圆的面积是？（π取3.14）"
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answer = round(3.14 * radius * radius, 2)
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else: # 三角形
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base = random.randint(3, 10)
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height = random.randint(2, 8)
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question = f"底为{base}，高为{height}的三角形的面积是？"
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answer = base * height // 2
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options = [answer]
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while len(options) < 4:
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wrong = answer + random.randint(-5, 5)
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if wrong != answer and wrong > 0 and wrong not in options:
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options.append(wrong)
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random.shuffle(options)
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correct_index = options.index(answer)
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return {
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'question': question,
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'options': options,
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'correct_answer': correct_index,
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'level': '小学'
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}
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def _word_problem(self):
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"""应用题"""
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problems = [
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("小明有{}个苹果，吃了{}个，还剩多少个？", lambda x, y: x - y),
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("小红有{}元钱，买书花了{}元，还剩多少元？", lambda x, y: x - y),
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("班级有{}个学生，又来了{}个新同学，现在有多少个学生？", lambda x, y: x + y),
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("一盒铅笔有{}支，{}盒铅笔一共有多少支？", lambda x, y: x * y)
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]
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problem, func = random.choice(problems)
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a = random.randint(1, 20)
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b = random.randint(1, 10)
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question = problem.format(a, b)
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answer = func(a, b)
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options = [answer]
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while len(options) < 4:
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wrong = answer + random.randint(-3, 3)
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if wrong != answer and wrong > 0 and wrong not in options:
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options.append(wrong)
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random.shuffle(options)
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correct_index = options.index(answer)
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return {
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'question': question,
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'options': options,
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'correct_answer': correct_index,
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'level': '小学'
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}
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def _algebra_question(self):
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"""代数题目"""
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x = random.randint(1, 10)
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a = random.randint(2, 10)
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b = random.randint(1, 20)
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question = f"解方程：{a}x + {b} = {a*x + b}"
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answer = x
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options = [answer]
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while len(options) < 4:
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wrong = answer + random.randint(-3, 3)
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if wrong != answer and wrong > 0 and wrong not in options:
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options.append(wrong)
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random.shuffle(options)
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correct_index = options.index(answer)
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return {
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'question': question,
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'options': options,
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'correct_answer': correct_index,
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'level': '初中'
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}
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def _geometry_advanced(self):
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"""高级几何题目"""
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# 勾股定理
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a = random.randint(3, 8)
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b = random.randint(3, 8)
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c = round(math.sqrt(a*a + b*b), 2)
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question = f"直角三角形的两条直角边分别为{a}和{b}，斜边长为？"
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answer = c
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options = [answer]
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while len(options) < 4:
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wrong = round(c + random.uniform(-2, 2), 2)
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if wrong != answer and wrong > 0 and wrong not in options:
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options.append(wrong)
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random.shuffle(options)
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correct_index = options.index(answer)
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return {
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'question': question,
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'options': options,
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'correct_answer': correct_index,
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'level': '初中'
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}
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def _function_question(self):
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"""函数题目"""
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a = random.randint(1, 5)
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b = random.randint(1, 10)
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x = random.randint(1, 10)
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question = f"函数f(x) = {a}x + {b}，求f({x})的值"
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answer = a * x + b
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options = [answer]
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while len(options) < 4:
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wrong = answer + random.randint(-5, 5)
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if wrong != answer and wrong not in options:
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options.append(wrong)
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random.shuffle(options)
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correct_index = options.index(answer)
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return {
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'question': question,
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'options': options,
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'correct_answer': correct_index,
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'level': '初中'
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}
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def _equation_question(self):
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"""方程题目"""
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x = random.randint(1, 10)
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a = random.randint(2, 5)
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b = random.randint(1, 10)
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question = f"解方程：{a}x - {b} = {a*x - b}"
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answer = x
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options = [answer]
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while len(options) < 4:
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wrong = answer + random.randint(-3, 3)
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if wrong != answer and wrong not in options:
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options.append(wrong)
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random.shuffle(options)
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correct_index = options.index(answer)
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return {
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'question': question,
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'options': options,
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'correct_answer': correct_index,
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'level': '初中'
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}
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def _statistics_question(self):
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"""统计题目"""
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numbers = [random.randint(1, 20) for _ in range(5)]
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question = f"数据{numbers}的中位数是？"
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sorted_nums = sorted(numbers)
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answer = sorted_nums[2] # 中位数
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options = [answer]
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while len(options) < 4:
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wrong = answer + random.randint(-3, 3)
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if wrong != answer and wrong > 0 and wrong not in options:
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options.append(wrong)
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random.shuffle(options)
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correct_index = options.index(answer)
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return {
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'question': question,
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'options': options,
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'correct_answer': correct_index,
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'level': '初中'
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}
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def _trigonometry_question(self):
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"""三角函数题目"""
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angle = random.choice([30, 45, 60])
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question = f"sin({angle}°) = ?"
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if angle == 30:
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answer = "1/2"
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elif angle == 45:
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answer = "√2/2"
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else: # 60
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answer = "√3/2"
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options = [answer, "1/2", "√2/2", "√3/2"]
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options = list(set(options)) # 去重
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while len(options) < 4:
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options.append(f"{random.randint(1,3)}/{random.randint(2,4)}")
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random.shuffle(options)
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correct_index = options.index(answer)
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return {
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'question': question,
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'options': options,
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'correct_answer': correct_index,
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'level': '高中'
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}
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def _calculus_question(self):
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"""微积分题目"""
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# 简单的导数
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a = random.randint(1, 5)
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b = random.randint(1, 10)
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question = f"函数f(x) = {a}x² + {b}x的导数是？"
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answer = f"{2*a}x + {b}"
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options = [answer]
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while len(options) < 4:
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wrong_a = random.randint(1, 5)
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wrong_b = random.randint(1, 10)
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if f"{wrong_a}x + {wrong_b}" != answer:
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options.append(f"{wrong_a}x + {wrong_b}")
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random.shuffle(options)
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correct_index = options.index(answer)
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return {
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'question': question,
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'options': options,
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'correct_answer': correct_index,
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'level': '高中'
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}
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def _complex_number_question(self):
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"""复数题目"""
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a = random.randint(1, 5)
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b = random.randint(1, 5)
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question = f"复数{a} + {b}i的模长是？"
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answer = round(math.sqrt(a*a + b*b), 2)
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|
|
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options = [answer]
|
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while len(options) < 4:
|
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wrong = round(answer + random.uniform(-2, 2), 2)
|
|
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if wrong != answer and wrong > 0 and wrong not in options:
|
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|
options.append(wrong)
|
|
|
|
|
|
random.shuffle(options)
|
|
|
correct_index = options.index(answer)
|
|
|
|
|
|
return {
|
|
|
'question': question,
|
|
|
'options': options,
|
|
|
'correct_answer': correct_index,
|
|
|
'level': '高中'
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
def _sequence_question(self):
|
|
|
"""数列题目"""
|
|
|
a1 = random.randint(1, 10)
|
|
|
d = random.randint(1, 5)
|
|
|
n = random.randint(3, 8)
|
|
|
|
|
|
question = f"等差数列首项为{a1}，公差为{d}，第{n}项是？"
|
|
|
answer = a1 + (n-1) * d
|
|
|
|
|
|
options = [answer]
|
|
|
while len(options) < 4:
|
|
|
wrong = answer + random.randint(-5, 5)
|
|
|
if wrong != answer and wrong not in options:
|
|
|
options.append(wrong)
|
|
|
|
|
|
random.shuffle(options)
|
|
|
correct_index = options.index(answer)
|
|
|
|
|
|
return {
|
|
|
'question': question,
|
|
|
'options': options,
|
|
|
'correct_answer': correct_index,
|
|
|
'level': '高中'
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
def _probability_question(self):
|
|
|
"""概率题目"""
|
|
|
# 简单的概率计算
|
|
|
total = random.randint(10, 20)
|
|
|
favorable = random.randint(1, total-1)
|
|
|
|
|
|
question = f"袋子里有{total}个球，其中{favorable}个是红球，随机取出一个球是红球的概率是？"
|
|
|
answer = f"{favorable}/{total}"
|
|
|
|
|
|
options = [answer]
|
|
|
while len(options) < 4:
|
|
|
wrong_total = random.randint(5, 25)
|
|
|
wrong_favorable = random.randint(1, wrong_total-1)
|
|
|
wrong_answer = f"{wrong_favorable}/{wrong_total}"
|
|
|
if wrong_answer != answer and wrong_answer not in options:
|
|
|
options.append(wrong_answer)
|
|
|
|
|
|
random.shuffle(options)
|
|
|
correct_index = options.index(answer)
|
|
|
|
|
|
return {
|
|
|
'question': question,
|
|
|
'options': options,
|
|
|
'correct_answer': correct_index,
|
|
|
'level': '高中'
|
|
|
}
|
