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# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
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"""
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Created on Sun May 26 12:41:54 2024
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@author: Panda
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"""
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import requests
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import pandas as pd
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import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
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from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
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url_head = "https://top.chinaz.com/gongsitop/index_500top"
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Headers = {
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"User-Agent" : "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) Chrome/104.0.5112.102"
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}
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#建立一个二重列表存储数据
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global tl
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tl = []
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#爬虫核心代码
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def crawl(index):
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response = requests.get(url_head + index + ".html", headers = Headers)
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if response.status_code == 200:
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page_doc = response.text
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#使用BeautifulSoup4 解析页面Html源码
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# soup = BeautifulSoup(page_doc, features='lxml') #旧版本lxml与bs4的写法
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soup = BeautifulSoup(page_doc, features='html.parser') #至少lxml 4.6.3起的写法
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#获取所有<div>标签
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div_list = soup.find_all('div')
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#遍历标签寻找属性class为"CoListTxt"的元素
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for div in div_list:
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attrib = div["class"]
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if attrib == ["CoListTxt"]:
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string = div.text
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row = string.strip('\n').replace('\n',' ').split(' ')
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row = list(filter(None, row))
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company = row[0]
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t = row[1]
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person = row[1][t.find('：')+1:]
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if len(row) >=8:
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row[2] = row[2] + row[3]
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row.remove(row[3])
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t = row[2]
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capital = row[2][t.find('：')+1:]
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t = row[3]
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date = row[3][t.find('：')+1:]
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if len(row) >=7:
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t = row[4]
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stock_type = row[4][t.find('：')+1:]
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t = row[5]
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stock_code = row[5][t.find('：')+1:]
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else:
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stock_type = '暂无'
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stock_code = None
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row = [company, person, capital, date, stock_type, stock_code]
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#将爬取的单条数据整合进二重列表
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tl.append(row)
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def main():
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inds = []
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pages = 16 #网站总页数
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for i in range(1, pages+1):
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ch = '_' + str(i)
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inds.append(ch)
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inds[0] = ''
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for ind in inds:
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crawl(ind)
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#将二重列表转化为Dataframe
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df = pd.DataFrame(tl, columns=['公司', '法人', '注册资本', '注册时间', '证券', '股票代码'])
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#保存为csv文件
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df.to_csv('result.csv', index=False, encoding='utf_8_sig')
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#分析证券占比
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percentages = df['证券'].value_counts(normalize=True) * 100
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print(percentages)
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#可视化占比
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percentages = percentages.head(3)
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plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = 'SimHei'
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plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus'] = False
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percentages.plot.pie(autopct='%1.1f%%', startangle=90, shadow=False, labels=percentages.index)
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plt.title('500强企业证券类别占比饼图')
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plt.axis('equal') # Equal aspect ratio ensures that pie is drawn as a circle.
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plt.show()
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return None
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if __name__=='__main__':
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main()
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