TestSystem/src/main/java/com/mathapp/problemGenerators/AbstractProblemGenerator.java

package com.mathapp.problemGenerators;

import com.mathapp.models.Equation;
import com.mathapp.models.Operator;

import java.util.*;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;
import java.util.stream.IntStream;

/**
 * 抽象题目生成器（模板方法模式）。
 * 提供了生成题目的通用流程和创建基础四则运算的核心方法。
 */
public abstract class AbstractProblemGenerator implements IProblemGenerator {

  protected final Random random = new Random();
  protected static final int MIN_OPERAND_VALUE = 1;
  protected static final int MAX_OPERAND_VALUE = 100;
  protected static final int MIN_OPERANDS_COUNT = 2;
  protected static final int MAX_OPERANDS_COUNT = 5;

  private static final Operator[] AVAILABLE_OPERATORS = {
          Operator.ADD, Operator.SUBTRACT, Operator.MULTIPLY, Operator.DIVIDE
  };

  /**
   * 此方法定义了生成指定数量不重复题目的标准流程。
   */
  @Override
  public final List<Equation> generate(int count, Set<String> existingProblems) {
    List<Equation> newProblems = new ArrayList<>(count);
    int attempts = 0;
    final int maxAttempts = count * 10; // 防止无限循环

    while (newProblems.size() < count && attempts < maxAttempts) {
      Equation newProblem = createProblem();
      if (!existingProblems.contains(newProblem.toNormalizedString())) {
        newProblems.add(newProblem);
        existingProblems.add(newProblem.toNormalizedString());
      }
      attempts++;
    }
    return newProblems;
  }

  /**
   * (模板方法) 子类必须实现此方法以提供具体的题目生成逻辑。
   */
  protected abstract Equation createProblem();

  /**
   * (核心辅助方法) 创建一个基础的四则运算题目。
   */
  protected Equation createBaseArithmeticProblem(boolean nonNegativeOnly) {
    int operandCount = getRandomNumber(MIN_OPERANDS_COUNT, MAX_OPERANDS_COUNT);
    List<String> operands = new ArrayList<>();
    List<Operator> operators = new ArrayList<>();

    operands.add(String.valueOf(getRandomNumber(MIN_OPERAND_VALUE, MAX_OPERAND_VALUE)));

    for (int i = 0; i < operandCount - 1; i++) {
      Operator operator = AVAILABLE_OPERATORS[random.nextInt(AVAILABLE_OPERATORS.length)];
      addOperandAndOperator(operands, operators, operator, nonNegativeOnly);
    }

    addParentheses(operands, operators);

    return new Equation(operands, operators);
  }

  protected int getRandomNumber(int min, int max) {
    return random.nextInt(max - min + 1) + min;
  }

  private void addOperandAndOperator(List<String> operands, List<Operator> operators, Operator operator, boolean nonNegativeOnly) {
    int nextOperand;
    int lastOperand = Integer.parseInt(operands.get(operands.size() - 1).replaceAll("[()]", ""));

    if (operator == Operator.SUBTRACT && nonNegativeOnly) {
      nextOperand = getRandomNumber(MIN_OPERAND_VALUE, lastOperand);
    } else if (operator == Operator.DIVIDE) {
      List<Integer> divisors = findDivisors(lastOperand);
      int divisor = divisors.get(random.nextInt(divisors.size()));
      int quotient = lastOperand / divisor;
      operands.set(operands.size() - 1, String.valueOf(divisor * quotient));
      nextOperand = divisor;
    } else {
      nextOperand = getRandomNumber(MIN_OPERAND_VALUE, MAX_OPERAND_VALUE);
    }
    operands.add(String.valueOf(nextOperand));
    operators.add(operator);
  }

  private void addParentheses(List<String> operands, List<Operator> operators) {
    if (operators.size() > 1 && random.nextBoolean()) {
      int pos = random.nextInt(operators.size());
      Operator op = operators.get(pos);
      if (op == Operator.ADD || op == Operator.SUBTRACT) {
        operands.set(pos, "(" + operands.get(pos));
        operands.set(pos + 1, operands.get(pos + 1) + ")");
      }
    }
  }

  private List<Integer> findDivisors(int number) {
    if (number == 0) return Collections.singletonList(1);
    int absNumber = Math.abs(number);
    return IntStream.rangeClosed(1, absNumber)
            .filter(i -> absNumber % i == 0)
            .boxed()
            .collect(Collectors.toList());
  }
}