diff --git a/app/controllers/course_second_categories_controller.rb b/app/controllers/course_second_categories_controller.rb
index 2de1637f2..b295c0f9f 100644
--- a/app/controllers/course_second_categories_controller.rb
+++ b/app/controllers/course_second_categories_controller.rb
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ class CourseSecondCategoriesController < ApplicationController
       else
         @course_module.course_second_categories.where("position > #{@category.position} and position <= ?", params[:position]).update_all("position = position - 1")
       end
-      @category.update_attributes(position: params[:position])
+      @category.update!(position: params[:position])
       normal_status(0, "移动成功")
     else
       normal_status(-1, "位置没有变化")
diff --git a/app/controllers/courses_controller.rb b/app/controllers/courses_controller.rb
index da9f8240a..753a3d942 100644
--- a/app/controllers/courses_controller.rb
+++ b/app/controllers/courses_controller.rb
@@ -182,7 +182,7 @@ class CoursesController < ApplicationController
       CreateSubjectCourseStudentJob.perform_later(@course.id) if @course.subject && @course.subject.subject_appointments.count > 0
     rescue => e
       uid_logger_error(e.message)
-      tip_exception(e.message)
+      tip_exception("调用失败")
       raise ActiveRecord::Rollback
     end
   end
@@ -292,8 +292,8 @@ class CoursesController < ApplicationController
       if next_inform.blank?
         render_error('已经到达最顶部')
       else
-        inform.update_attribute(:position, (inform.position + 1))
-        next_inform.update_attribute(:position, inform.position - 1)
+        inform.update!(position: (inform.position + 1))
+        next_inform.update!(position: inform.position - 1)
         render_ok
       end
     end
@@ -306,8 +306,8 @@ class CoursesController < ApplicationController
       if last_inform.blank?
         render_error('已经到达最底部')
       else
-        inform.update_attribute(:position, (inform.position - 1))
-        last_inform.update_attribute(:position, inform.position + 1)
+        inform.update!(position: (inform.position - 1))
+        last_inform.update!(position: inform.position + 1)
         render_ok
       end
     end
@@ -353,7 +353,7 @@ class CoursesController < ApplicationController
   # 邀请码停用/启用
   def set_invite_code_halt
     begin
-      @course.update_attribute('invite_code_halt', @course.invite_code_halt == 0 ? 1 : 0)
+      @course.update!(invite_code_halt: @course.invite_code_halt == 0 ? 1 : 0)
       normal_status(0, "成功")
     rescue => e
       uid_logger_error(e.message)
@@ -364,7 +364,7 @@ class CoursesController < ApplicationController
   # 设置课堂私有/公有
   def set_public_or_private
     begin
-      @course.update_attribute('is_public', @course.is_public == 1 ? 0 : 1)
+      @course.update!(is_public: @course.is_public == 1 ? 0 : 1)
       normal_status(0, "成功")
     rescue => e
       uid_logger_error(e.message)
@@ -551,7 +551,7 @@ class CoursesController < ApplicationController
         graduation_group_id = GraduationGroup.find(params[:graduation_group_id].to_i).id
         @course_member_list.each do |course_member|
           course_member = CourseMember.find(course_member[:course_member_id].to_i)
-          course_member.update_attributes(graduation_group_id: graduation_group_id)
+          course_member.update!(graduation_group_id: graduation_group_id)
         end
         normal_status(0, "成功")
       rescue => e
@@ -711,7 +711,7 @@ class CoursesController < ApplicationController
       CourseDeleteStudentNotifyJob.perform_later(@course.id, [course_member.user_id], current_user.id)
 
       course_member.destroy!
-      course_student.update_attributes(is_active: 1) if course_student.present? && !course_student.is_active
+      course_student.update!(is_active: 1) if course_student.present? && !course_student.is_active
       normal_status(0, "删除成功")
     rescue => e
       uid_logger_error(e.message)
@@ -726,8 +726,8 @@ class CoursesController < ApplicationController
       tip_exception("切换失败") unless course_member.STUDENT?
 
       course_teacher = CourseMember.find_by!(user_id: current_user.id, role: %i[CREATOR PROFESSOR], course_id: @course.id)
-      course_member.update_attributes(is_active: 0)
-      course_teacher.update_attributes(is_active: 1)
+      course_member.update!(is_active: 0)
+      course_teacher.update!(is_active: 1)
       normal_status(0, "切换成功")
     rescue => e
       uid_logger_error(e.message)
@@ -742,8 +742,8 @@ class CoursesController < ApplicationController
       tip_exception("切换失败") unless course_member.STUDENT?
 
       course_teacher = CourseMember.find_by!(user_id: current_user.id, role: %i[ASSISTANT_PROFESSOR], course_id: @course.id)
-      course_member.update_attributes(is_active: 0)
-      course_teacher.update_attributes(is_active: 1)
+      course_member.update!(is_active: 0)
+      course_teacher.update!(is_active: 1)
       normal_status(0, "切换成功")
     rescue => e
       uid_logger_error(e.message)
@@ -782,7 +782,7 @@ class CoursesController < ApplicationController
     # 课堂如果还有其他身份的用户则更新is_active
     course_teacher = CourseMember.find_by(user_id: current_user.id, role: %i[CREATOR PROFESSOR ASSISTANT_PROFESSOR], course_id: @course.id)
     course_student.destroy!
-    course_teacher.update_attributes(is_active: 1) if course_teacher.present? && !course_teacher.is_active
+    course_teacher.update!(is_active: 1) if course_teacher.present? && !course_teacher.is_active
     CourseDeleteStudentDeleteWorksJob.perform_later(@course.id, [current_user.id])
     normal_status(0, "退出成功")
   end
@@ -959,7 +959,7 @@ class CoursesController < ApplicationController
             member_teacher = CourseMember.find_by(user_id: course_member.user_id, course_id: @course.id, role: %i[CREATOR PROFESSOR ASSISTANT_PROFESSOR])
             student_ids << course_member.user_id
             course_member.destroy!
-            member_teacher.update_attributes(is_active: 1) if member_teacher.present?
+            member_teacher.update!(is_active: 1) if member_teacher.present?
           end
         end
         CourseDeleteStudentDeleteWorksJob.perform_later(@course.id, student_ids) if student_ids.present?
@@ -990,7 +990,7 @@ class CoursesController < ApplicationController
 
         if existing_course_member.present?
           if existing_course_member.STUDENT?
-            existing_course_member.update_attributes(course_group_id: course_group_id)
+            existing_course_member.update!(course_group_id: course_group_id)
           else
             new_student.is_active = 0 if existing_course_member.is_active
             new_student.save!
@@ -1142,7 +1142,7 @@ class CoursesController < ApplicationController
           existing_student = CourseMember.find_by(course_id: course.id, role: %i[STUDENT], user_id: current_user.id)
           if existing_student.present?
             # 如果在该课堂已经存在学生身份，且邀请码为分班邀请码，则将其直接加入分班
-            existing_student.update_attributes(course_group_id: course_group.id) if course_group.present?
+            existing_student.update!(course_group_id: course_group.id) if course_group.present?
           else
             correspond_teacher_exist = current_user.none_admin_teacher_of_course? course
             new_student = CourseMember.new(user_id: current_user.id, course_id: course.id, role: 4)
diff --git a/app/controllers/exercise_answers_controller.rb b/app/controllers/exercise_answers_controller.rb
index 238aaca17..d74e14fe1 100644
--- a/app/controllers/exercise_answers_controller.rb
+++ b/app/controllers/exercise_answers_controller.rb
@@ -3,6 +3,15 @@ class ExerciseAnswersController < ApplicationController
   before_action :get_exercise_question
   include ExercisesHelper
 
+  # model validation error
+  rescue_from ActiveRecord::RecordInvalid do |ex|
+    render_error(ex.record.errors.full_messages.join(','))
+  end
+  # form validation error
+  rescue_from ActiveModel::ValidationError do |ex|
+    render_error(ex.model.errors.full_messages.join(','))
+  end
+
   def create  #每一次答案的点击，请求一次，实训题不在这里回答
     begin
       q_type = @exercise_question.question_type  #试卷的类型
@@ -14,7 +23,7 @@ class ExerciseAnswersController < ApplicationController
         ea = @exercise_question.exercise_answers.search_answer_users("user_id",current_user.id)  #试卷的当前用户的答案
         if q_type == Exercise::SINGLE || q_type == Exercise::JUDGMENT  #选择题（单选）/判断题
           if ea.exists?
-            ea.first.update_attribute(:exercise_choice_id,choice_id )
+            ea.first.update!(exercise_choice_id: choice_id )
           else
             answer_option = {
               :user_id => current_user.id,
@@ -57,7 +66,7 @@ class ExerciseAnswersController < ApplicationController
           }
           ea_answer = ea.search_answer_users("exercise_choice_id",choice_id)
           if ea.present? && ea_answer.present?
-            ea_answer.update(answer_option)
+            ea_answer.update!(answer_option)
           else
             ex_new = ExerciseAnswer.new(answer_option)
             ex_new.save!
@@ -68,7 +77,7 @@ class ExerciseAnswersController < ApplicationController
               :exercise_question_id => @exercise_question.id
           }
           if ea.present? #已经回答了的，
-            ea.first.update_attribute("answer_text",answer_text)
+            ea.first.update!(answer_text: answer_text)
           else
             answer_option.merge!(answer_text:answer_text)
             ex_a = ExerciseAnswer.new(answer_option)
@@ -116,7 +125,7 @@ class ExerciseAnswersController < ApplicationController
             :score => total_score,
             :subjective_score => subjective_score
         }
-        @exercise_user.update_attributes(commit_option)
+        @exercise_user.update!(commit_option)
         normal_status(-1,"试卷提交时间已截止！")
       end
     end
diff --git a/app/controllers/exercise_questions_controller.rb b/app/controllers/exercise_questions_controller.rb
index aacef6bc7..ff45b34f0 100644
--- a/app/controllers/exercise_questions_controller.rb
+++ b/app/controllers/exercise_questions_controller.rb
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ class ExerciseQuestionsController < ApplicationController
           end
         end
 
-        if @exercise_question.save
+        if @exercise_question.save!
           #为选择题(包括单选和多选)的时候,创建问题选项
           ques_type = @exercise_question.question_type
           if ques_type <= Exercise::MULTIPLE
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ class ExerciseQuestionsController < ApplicationController
                   :choice_text => choice.strip
               }
               question_choices = @exercise_question.exercise_choices.new(choice_option)
-              question_choices.save
+              question_choices.save!
             end
             #标准答案的存储，如：["1","2","3"..]等，1对应A，2对应B，3对应C。。。
             standard_answer.each do |a|
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ class ExerciseQuestionsController < ApplicationController
                   :exercise_choice_id => choice_id  #即为选择的位置参数
               }
               question_standard_answer = ExerciseStandardAnswer.new(standard_option)
-              question_standard_answer.save
+              question_standard_answer.save!
               if standard_answer.count > 1 && ques_type == Exercise::SINGLE  #当标准答案数大于1，且不为多选时，修改为多选
                 @exercise_question.update_attribute("question_type",Exercise::MULTIPLE)
               elsif standard_answer.count == 1 && ques_type == Exercise::MULTIPLE
@@ -85,8 +85,8 @@ class ExerciseQuestionsController < ApplicationController
                   :choice_position => c,
                   :choice_text => choice.strip
               }
-              question_choices = @exercise_question.exercise_choices.create(choice_option)
-              question_choices.save
+              question_choices = @exercise_question.exercise_choices.create!(choice_option)
+              question_choices.save!
             end
             standard_answer = params[:standard_answers]  #对应选项的id
             standard_option = {
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ class ExerciseQuestionsController < ApplicationController
                 :exercise_choice_id => standard_answer.first.to_i
             }
             question_standard_answer = ExerciseStandardAnswer.new(standard_option)
-            question_standard_answer.save
+            question_standard_answer.save!
           elsif ques_type == Exercise::COMPLETION  #填空题，每空的参考答案有多个，那么以位置对应
             standard_answer = params[:standard_answers]
             standard_answer.each do |a|
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ class ExerciseQuestionsController < ApplicationController
                     :answer_text => n
                 }
                 question_standard_answer = ExerciseStandardAnswer.new(standard_option)
-                question_standard_answer.save
+                question_standard_answer.save!
               end
             end
           elsif ques_type == Exercise::SUBJECTIVE  #简答题
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ class ExerciseQuestionsController < ApplicationController
                     :answer_text => a,
                 }
                 question_standard_answer = ExerciseStandardAnswer.new(standard_option)
-                question_standard_answer.save
+                question_standard_answer.save!
               end
             end
           elsif ques_type == Exercise::PRACTICAL  #实训题
@@ -135,10 +135,10 @@ class ExerciseQuestionsController < ApplicationController
                   :position => (index + 1),
                   :question_score => shixun_scores[index].present? ? shixun_scores[index].to_f.round(1) : 5
               }
-              ex_shixun_challenge = ExerciseShixunChallenge.create(shixun_option)
+              ex_shixun_challenge = ExerciseShixunChallenge.create!(shixun_option)
               question_score += ex_shixun_challenge.question_score   # 问题的分数，为各个关卡分数的总和
             end
-            @exercise_question.update_attributes(:question_score => question_score,:shixun_name=> shixun_name)
+            @exercise_question.update!(:question_score => question_score,:shixun_name=> shixun_name)
           end
         end
       rescue Exception => e
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ class ExerciseQuestionsController < ApplicationController
         choices_array = params[:question_choices]
         stan_answer_params = params[:standard_answers]
         standard_answer = stan_answer_params.present? ? stan_answer_params.uniq.reject(&:blank?) : []
-        @exercise_question.update_attributes(question_options)
+        @exercise_question.update!(question_options)
         #当选项存在时，可修改选项内容，但是不能更改选项的位置（即不能增删选项）
         if choices_array.present?
           ex_choices = @exercise_question.exercise_choices
@@ -218,7 +218,7 @@ class ExerciseQuestionsController < ApplicationController
                     :choice_text => choices_array[i-1].strip
                 }
                 question_choices = @exercise_question.exercise_choices.new(choice_option)
-                question_choices.save
+                question_choices.save!
               end
             end
           end
@@ -243,7 +243,7 @@ class ExerciseQuestionsController < ApplicationController
                       :exercise_choice_id => s.to_i  #即为选择的位置参数
                   }
                   question_standard_answer = ExerciseStandardAnswer.new(standard_option)
-                  question_standard_answer.save
+                  question_standard_answer.save!
                 end
 
               end
@@ -296,7 +296,7 @@ class ExerciseQuestionsController < ApplicationController
                             :answer_text => null_choice_text[i-1]
                         }
                         question_standard_answer = ExerciseStandardAnswer.new(standard_option)
-                        question_standard_answer.save
+                        question_standard_answer.save!
                       end
                     end
                   else
@@ -323,7 +323,7 @@ class ExerciseQuestionsController < ApplicationController
                         :answer_text => n
                     }
                     question_standard_answer = ExerciseStandardAnswer.new(standard_option)
-                    question_standard_answer.save
+                    question_standard_answer.save!
                   end
                 end
               end
@@ -340,19 +340,19 @@ class ExerciseQuestionsController < ApplicationController
                 :answer_text => main_standard_answer,
             }
             question_standard_answer = ExerciseStandardAnswer.new(standard_option)
-            question_standard_answer.save
+            question_standard_answer.save!
           end
         elsif @exercise_question.question_type == Exercise::PRACTICAL
           question_score = 0
           shixun_name = params[:shixun_name] || @exercise_question.shixun_name
           @exercise_question.exercise_shixun_challenges.each_with_index do |challenge, index|
             challenge.question_score = params[:question_scores][index].to_f.round(1)
-            challenge.save
+            challenge.save!
             question_score += params[:question_scores][index].to_f.round(1)
           end
           @exercise_question.question_score = question_score
           @exercise_question.shixun_name = shixun_name
-          @exercise_question.save
+          @exercise_question.save!
         end
 
         #当试卷已发布时（试卷的总状态),当标准答案修改时，如有已提交的学生，需重新计算分数.
@@ -397,7 +397,7 @@ class ExerciseQuestionsController < ApplicationController
               new_objective_score = objective_score + update_objective_score
               total_score = ex_user.score + update_objective_score
               total_score = total_score < 0.0 ? 0.0 : total_score
-              ex_user.update_attributes(objective_score:new_objective_score,score:total_score)
+              ex_user.update!(objective_score:new_objective_score,score:total_score)
             end
           end
         end
@@ -526,7 +526,7 @@ class ExerciseQuestionsController < ApplicationController
               :score => @c_score,
               :answer_text => ""
             }
-            ExerciseAnswer.create(answer_option)
+            ExerciseAnswer.create!(answer_option)
             ex_answer_old = 0
           end
           if ex_obj_score <= 0.0
@@ -545,7 +545,7 @@ class ExerciseQuestionsController < ApplicationController
             :objective_score => new_obj_score,
             :score => total_scores
           }
-          @exercise_current_user.update_attributes(ex_scores)
+          @exercise_current_user.update!(ex_scores)
 
         elsif @exercise_question.question_type == Exercise::COMPLETION  #当为填空题，更新问题的总分,
 
@@ -561,7 +561,7 @@ class ExerciseQuestionsController < ApplicationController
               :score => @c_score,
               :answer_text => ""
             }
-            ExerciseAnswer.create(answer_option)
+            ExerciseAnswer.create!(answer_option)
             new_obj_score = ex_obj_score + @c_score
           end
 
@@ -575,7 +575,7 @@ class ExerciseQuestionsController < ApplicationController
               :objective_score => new_obj_score,
               :score => total_scores
           }
-          @exercise_current_user.update_attributes(ex_scores)
+          @exercise_current_user.update!(ex_scores)
         elsif @exercise_question.question_type == Exercise::SUBJECTIVE  #当为主观题时
           if ex_answers.exists?
             ex_answers_old_score = ex_answers.first.score > 0.0 ? ex_answers.first.score : 0.0  #原分数小于0，取0
@@ -588,7 +588,7 @@ class ExerciseQuestionsController < ApplicationController
                 :score => @c_score,
                 :answer_text => ""
             }
-            ExerciseAnswer.create(answer_option)
+            ExerciseAnswer.create!(answer_option)
             new_sub_score = ex_subj_score + @c_score
           end
           total_scores = ex_obj_score + new_sub_score
@@ -601,7 +601,7 @@ class ExerciseQuestionsController < ApplicationController
               :subjective_score => new_sub_score,
               :score => total_scores
           }
-          @exercise_current_user.update_attributes(ex_scores)
+          @exercise_current_user.update!(ex_scores)
 
         elsif @exercise_question.question_type == Exercise::PRACTICAL
           ex_answers = @exercise_question.exercise_shixun_answers.where(user_id:@user_id,exercise_shixun_challenge_id:@shixun_a_id)
@@ -618,7 +618,7 @@ class ExerciseQuestionsController < ApplicationController
                 :score => @c_score,
                 :status => 0
             }
-            ExerciseShixunAnswer.create(ex_shixun_option)
+            ExerciseShixunAnswer.create!(ex_shixun_option)
             new_obj_score = ex_obj_score + @c_score
           end
           total_scores = new_obj_score + ex_subj_score
@@ -631,7 +631,7 @@ class ExerciseQuestionsController < ApplicationController
               :objective_score => new_obj_score,
               :score => total_scores
           }
-          @exercise_current_user.update_attributes(ex_scores)
+          @exercise_current_user.update!(ex_scores)
         end
         comments = params[:comment]
         question_comment = @exercise_question.exercise_answer_comments&.first
@@ -643,7 +643,7 @@ class ExerciseQuestionsController < ApplicationController
               :exercise_answer_id => ex_answers.present? ? ex_answers.first.id : nil,
               :user_id => current_user.id
           }
-          question_comment.update_attributes(comment_option)
+          question_comment.update!(comment_option)
           @exercise_comments = question_comment
         else
           ex_answer_comment_id = @exercise_question.exercise_answers.find_by(user_id: @user_id).try(:id)
diff --git a/app/controllers/exercises_controller.rb b/app/controllers/exercises_controller.rb
index 48554111c..ea4e38ab9 100644
--- a/app/controllers/exercises_controller.rb
+++ b/app/controllers/exercises_controller.rb
@@ -24,6 +24,15 @@ class ExercisesController < ApplicationController
   include ExportHelper
   include ExercisesHelper
 
+  # model validation error
+  rescue_from ActiveRecord::RecordInvalid do |ex|
+    render_error(ex.record.errors.full_messages.join(','))
+  end
+  # form validation error
+  rescue_from ActiveModel::ValidationError do |ex|
+    render_error(ex.model.errors.full_messages.join(','))
+  end
+
   def index
     begin
       # 按发布时间或创建时间排序
@@ -130,7 +139,7 @@ class ExercisesController < ApplicationController
             :time => -1,
             :exercise_status => 1
         }
-        @exercise = Exercise.create(exercise_options)
+        @exercise = Exercise.create!(exercise_options)
       rescue Exception => e
         uid_logger_error(e.message)
         tip_exception("试卷创建失败！")
@@ -161,7 +170,7 @@ class ExercisesController < ApplicationController
             :exercise_name => ex_name,
             :exercise_description => ex_desc,
         }
-        @exercise.update_attributes(exercise_options)
+        @exercise.update!(exercise_options)
         normal_status(0,"试卷更新成功！")
       rescue Exception => e
         uid_logger_error(e.message)
@@ -294,7 +303,7 @@ class ExercisesController < ApplicationController
       begin
         check_ids = Exercise.where(id: params[:check_ids])
         check_ids.each do |exercise|
-          exercise.update_attribute('is_public', true)
+          exercise.update!(is_public: true)
         end
         normal_status(0, "试卷已设为公开！")
       rescue Exception => e
@@ -318,7 +327,7 @@ class ExercisesController < ApplicationController
                 :description => exercise.exercise_description,
                 :course_list_id => exercise.course.try(:course_list_id)
             }
-            current_ex_bank.update_attributes(ex_params)
+            current_ex_bank.update!(ex_params)
             # question_bank = QuestionBank.ques_by_container(current_ex_bank.id,current_ex_bank.container_type).first  #该习题库是否存在于问题库里
             # ques_params = {
             #     :name => current_ex_bank.name,
@@ -352,7 +361,7 @@ class ExercisesController < ApplicationController
             #   question_bank = QuestionBank.new ques_params
             #   question_bank.save
             # end
-            exercise.update_attributes!(exercise_bank_id: current_ex_bank.id)
+            exercise.update!(exercise_bank_id: current_ex_bank.id)
           end
           # 试卷的问题的输入
           exercise.exercise_questions.each do |q|
@@ -365,7 +374,7 @@ class ExercisesController < ApplicationController
                 :shixun_name => q.shixun_name
             }
             exercise_bank_question = current_ex_bank.exercise_bank_questions.new option
-            exercise_bank_question.save
+            exercise_bank_question.save!
             ## 试卷选项的输入
             if q.question_type != Exercise::PRACTICAL  #不为实训题时,试卷选项加入试题答案库
               ex_choices = q.exercise_choices
@@ -376,7 +385,7 @@ class ExercisesController < ApplicationController
                     :choice_text =>c.choice_text
                 }
                 ex_bank_choice = exercise_bank_question.exercise_bank_choices.new choice_option
-                ex_bank_choice.save
+                ex_bank_choice.save!
               end
               ex_standard.each do |s|
                 ex_stand = {
@@ -384,7 +393,7 @@ class ExercisesController < ApplicationController
                     :answer_text => s.answer_text
                 }
                 ex_stand_bank = exercise_bank_question.exercise_bank_standard_answers.new ex_stand
-                ex_stand_bank.save
+                ex_stand_bank.save!
               end
             else  #当为实训题时
               shixun_challenges = q.exercise_shixun_challenges
@@ -396,11 +405,11 @@ class ExercisesController < ApplicationController
                     :question_score => c.question_score
                 }
                 shixun_challenge_bank = exercise_bank_question.exercise_bank_shixun_challenges.new challenge_option
-                shixun_challenge_bank.save
+                shixun_challenge_bank.save!
               end
             end
           end
-          current_ex_bank.save
+          current_ex_bank.save!
         end
         normal_status(0, "题库更新成功！")
       rescue Exception => e
@@ -486,7 +495,7 @@ class ExercisesController < ApplicationController
                 :publish_time => params_publish_time,
                 :end_time => params_end_time
             }
-            @exercise.update_attributes(exercise_params)
+            @exercise.update!(exercise_params)
             @exercise.exercise_group_settings.destroy_all
             normal_status(0, "试卷设置成功！")
           end
@@ -539,7 +548,7 @@ class ExercisesController < ApplicationController
                       :end_time => exercise_end_time
                     }
                   end
-                  the_group_setting.update_attributes!(ex_group_params)
+                  the_group_setting.update!(ex_group_params)
                 end
               end
               if new_group_ids.size > 0
@@ -590,7 +599,7 @@ class ExercisesController < ApplicationController
                 :publish_time => p_time,
                 :end_time => e_time
             }
-            @exercise.update_attributes(exercise_params)
+            @exercise.update!(exercise_params)
             if @exercise.exercise_status == Exercise::PUBLISHED
               if @exercise.course_acts.size == 0
                 @exercise.course_acts << CourseActivity.new(:user_id => @exercise.user_id,:course_id => @exercise.course_id)
@@ -629,9 +638,9 @@ class ExercisesController < ApplicationController
       objective_score = @exercise.objective_score > 0 ? params[:objective_score].to_f.round(2) : 0
       score = subjective_score + objective_score
       if exercise_user.commit_status == 1
-        exercise_user.update_attributes!(score: score, subjective_score: subjective_score, objective_score: objective_score)
+        exercise_user.update!(score: score, subjective_score: subjective_score, objective_score: objective_score)
       else
-        exercise_user.update_attributes!(start_at: start_at_time, end_at: Time.now, status: 1, commit_status: 1, score: score,
+        exercise_user.update!(start_at: start_at_time, end_at: Time.now, status: 1, commit_status: 1, score: score,
                                          subjective_score: subjective_score, objective_score: objective_score, commit_method: 5)
       end
 
@@ -777,7 +786,7 @@ class ExercisesController < ApplicationController
                     exercise_group_setting = exercise.exercise_group_settings.find_in_exercise_group("course_group_id",i).first  #根据课堂分班的id，寻找试卷所在的班级
                     group_end_time = params[:detail] ? group_end_times[index] : ex_end_time
                     if exercise_group_setting.present?  #如果该试卷分组存在，则更新，否则新建
-                      exercise_group_setting.update_attributes!(publish_time: Time.now, end_time: group_end_time)
+                      exercise_group_setting.update!(publish_time: Time.now, end_time: group_end_time)
                     else
                       p_course_group = {
                           :exercise_id => exercise.id,
@@ -787,7 +796,7 @@ class ExercisesController < ApplicationController
                           :end_time => group_end_time,
                       }
                       new_exercise_group = exercise.exercise_group_settings.new p_course_group
-                      new_exercise_group.save
+                      new_exercise_group.save!
                     end
                   end
                   # group_ids = params[:group_ids]
@@ -806,7 +815,7 @@ class ExercisesController < ApplicationController
                   :exercise_status => ex_status,
                   :unified_setting => ex_unified
               }
-              exercise.update_attributes(exercise_params)
+              exercise.update!(exercise_params)
 
               if exercise.course_acts.size == 0
                 exercise.course_acts << CourseActivity.new(:user_id => exercise.user_id,:course_id => exercise.course_id)
@@ -859,7 +868,7 @@ class ExercisesController < ApplicationController
               if exercise.unified_setting && g_course.map(&:to_i).sort == all_course_group_ids.sort  #开始为统一设置
                 exercise.exercise_group_settings.destroy_all
                 new_ex_status = set_exercise_status(exercise.publish_time,Time.now)
-                exercise.update_attributes(:end_time => Time.now,:exercise_status => new_ex_status)
+                exercise.update!(:end_time => Time.now,:exercise_status => new_ex_status)
                 exercise_users = exercise.exercise_users
               else
                 course_members_ids = course_students.course_find_by_ids("course_group_id",g_course).pluck(:user_id).uniq #该班级的全部学生
@@ -878,7 +887,7 @@ class ExercisesController < ApplicationController
                           :publish_time => exercise.publish_time,
                           :end_time => exercise.end_time
                       }
-                      ExerciseGroupSetting.create(ex_group_options)
+                      ExerciseGroupSetting.create!(ex_group_options)
                     end
                   end
                 end
@@ -893,17 +902,17 @@ class ExercisesController < ApplicationController
                         :publish_time => exercise.publish_time,
                         :end_time => Time.now
                     }
-                    ExerciseGroupSetting.create(ex_group_options)
+                    ExerciseGroupSetting.create!(ex_group_options)
                   end
                 end
                 new_end_time = exercise.exercise_group_settings.end_time_no_null.map(&:end_time)   # 试卷结束时间不为空的
                 new_end_time_s = new_end_time.count > 0 ? new_end_time.max : Time.now
                 new_ex_status = set_exercise_status(exercise.publish_time,new_end_time_s)
-                exercise.update_attributes(:end_time => new_end_time_s,:exercise_status => new_ex_status,:unified_setting => false)
+                exercise.update!(:end_time => new_end_time_s,:exercise_status => new_ex_status,:unified_setting => false)
               end
             else
               exercise_users = exercise.exercise_users
-              exercise.update_attributes(:exercise_status => 3, :end_time => Time.now,:unified_setting => true)
+              exercise.update!(:exercise_status => 3, :end_time => Time.now,:unified_setting => true)
             end
 
             ex_user_ids = exercise_users.pluck(:id)
@@ -946,7 +955,7 @@ class ExercisesController < ApplicationController
         if exercise_user.present?
           if exercise_user.commit_status == 1 && @exercise.get_exercise_status(current_user) == Exercise::PUBLISHED  #用户已提交且试卷提交中
             if @exercise.time == -1 || ((Time.now.to_i - exercise_user.start_at.to_i) < @exercise.time.to_i * 60)
-              exercise_user.update_attributes(:score => nil, :end_at => nil, :status => nil, :commit_status => 0,
+              exercise_user.update!(:score => nil, :end_at => nil, :status => nil, :commit_status => 0,
                                               :objective_score => 0.0, :subjective_score => -1.0)
               exercise_user.user.exercise_shixun_answers.search_shixun_answers("exercise_question_id",ex_question_ids).destroy_all
               exercise_answers = exercise_user.user.exercise_answers.search_answer_users("exercise_question_id",ex_question_ids)
@@ -1046,7 +1055,7 @@ class ExercisesController < ApplicationController
       @exercise_user_current = ex_users_current&.first
       if ex_users_current.exists?
         if @exercise_user_current.start_at.blank?
-          @exercise_user_current.update_attribute("start_at",Time.now)
+          @exercise_user_current.update!(start_at: Time.now)
         end
       else
         if @user_course_identity > Course::ASSISTANT_PROFESSOR  #当为老师的时候，不创建exercise_user表，理论上老师是不能进入答题的
@@ -1056,7 +1065,7 @@ class ExercisesController < ApplicationController
             :start_at => Time.now
           }
           exercise_user_current = ExerciseUser.new(exercise_user_params)
-          exercise_user_current.save
+          exercise_user_current.save!
         end
       end
       @t_user_exercise_status = @exercise.get_exercise_status(current_user)
@@ -1174,7 +1183,7 @@ class ExercisesController < ApplicationController
               :subjective_score => subjective_score,
               :commit_method => @answer_committed_user&.commit_method.to_i > 0 ? @answer_committed_user&.commit_method.to_i : params[:commit_method].to_i
             }
-            @answer_committed_user.update_attributes!(commit_option)
+            @answer_committed_user.update!(commit_option)
             CommitExercsieNotifyJobJob.perform_later(@exercise.id, current_user.id)
             normal_status(0,"试卷提交成功！")
           else
diff --git a/app/controllers/graduation_works_controller.rb b/app/controllers/graduation_works_controller.rb
index fd47df172..c041750cb 100644
--- a/app/controllers/graduation_works_controller.rb
+++ b/app/controllers/graduation_works_controller.rb
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ class GraduationWorksController < ApplicationController
       begin
         work = @task.graduation_works.find_by!(user_id: params[:user_id])
         tip_exception("只有组长才能删除组员") if work.commit_user_id != current_user.id
-        work.update_attributes(description: nil, project_id: 0, late_penalty: 0, work_status: 0, commit_time: nil,
+        work.update!(description: nil, project_id: 0, late_penalty: 0, work_status: 0, commit_time: nil,
                                update_time: nil, group_id: 0, commit_user_id: nil, final_score: nil, work_score: nil,
                                teacher_score: nil, teaching_asistant_score: nil, update_user_id: nil)
         work.attachments.destroy_all
@@ -89,12 +89,12 @@ class GraduationWorksController < ApplicationController
               GraduationWork.create(user_id: current_user.id, graduation_task_id: @task.id, course_id: @task.course_id)
 
           if work.work_status == 0 && work.project_id == 0
-            work.update_attributes(project_id: project.id, update_time: Time.now)
+            work.update!(project_id: project.id, update_time: Time.now)
 
             # 将老师加入项目
             project_member = project.members.where(user_id: @task.user_id).first
             if project_member.present?
-              project_member.member_roles.first.update_attributes(role_id: 3) if project_member.member_roles.first.present?
+              project_member.member_roles.first.update!(role_id: 3) if project_member.member_roles.first.present?
             else
               member = Member.create(user_id: @task.user_id, project_id: project.id)
               member.member_roles << MemberRole.new(role_id: 3)
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ class GraduationWorksController < ApplicationController
           Tiding.where(user_id: @task.user_id, trigger_user_id: current_user.id, container_id: work.project.id,
                        container_type: 'ManagerJoinProject').destroy_all
 
-          work.update_attributes(project_id: 0)
+          work.update!(project_id: 0)
           normal_status("取消关联成功")
 
         rescue Exception => e
@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ class GraduationWorksController < ApplicationController
             student_ids += members
             for i in 0 .. members.count-1
               stu_work = @task.graduation_works.where(user_id: members[i].to_i).first || GraduationWork.new
-              stu_work.update_attributes(user_id: members[i].to_i, description: graduation_work.description,
+              stu_work.update!(user_id: members[i].to_i, description: graduation_work.description,
                                          graduation_task_id: @task.id, project_id: graduation_work.project_id,
                                          late_penalty: graduation_work.late_penalty, work_status: graduation_work.work_status,
                                          commit_time: Time.now, update_time: Time.now, group_id: graduation_work.group_id,
@@ -238,7 +238,7 @@ class GraduationWorksController < ApplicationController
 
             # 原成员更新描述、更新时间以及附件
             @task.graduation_works.where(group_id: @work.group_id, user_id: (work_user_ids & params_user_ids)).each do |work|
-              work.update_attributes(update_time: Time.now, description: @work.description, update_user_id: current_user.id)
+              work.update!(update_time: Time.now, description: @work.description, update_user_id: current_user.id)
               work.attachments.destroy_all
               @work.attachments.each do |attachment|
                 att = attachment.copy
@@ -264,7 +264,7 @@ class GraduationWorksController < ApplicationController
             (params_user_ids - work_user_ids).each do |user_id|
               stu_work = @task.graduation_works.where(user_id: user_id).empty? ? GraduationWork.new :
                              @task.graduation_works.where(user_id: user_id).first
-              stu_work.update_attributes(user_id: user_id, description: @work.description, graduation_task_id: @task.id,
+              stu_work.update!(user_id: user_id, description: @work.description, graduation_task_id: @task.id,
                                          project_id: @work.project_id, late_penalty: @work.late_penalty,
                                          work_status: @work.work_status, commit_time: Time.now, update_time: Time.now,
                                          group_id: @work.group_id, commit_user_id: @work.commit_user_id, update_user_id: current_user.id)
@@ -323,9 +323,9 @@ class GraduationWorksController < ApplicationController
 
         # 如果作品是未提交的状态则更新为已提交
         if !new_score.score.nil? && @work.work_status == 0
-          @work.update_attributes(work_status: 1, commit_time: Time.now)
+          @work.update!(work_status: 1, commit_time: Time.now)
           if @task.task_type == 2
-            @work.update_attributes(group_id: @task.graduation_works.where("work_status != 0").select("distinct group_id").count + 1)
+            @work.update!(group_id: @task.graduation_works.where("work_status != 0").select("distinct group_id").count + 1)
           end
         end
 
@@ -392,7 +392,7 @@ class GraduationWorksController < ApplicationController
                                             graduation_task_id: @task.id, comment: "使用调分功能调整了作业最终成绩：#{params[:comment]}",
                                             user_id: User.current.id, reviewer_role: 1, is_ultimate: 1)
         new_score.save!
-        @work.update_attributes(ultimate_score: 1, work_score: params[:score].to_f)
+        @work.update!(ultimate_score: 1, work_score: params[:score].to_f)
 
         Tiding.create!(user_id: @work.user_id, trigger_user_id: current_user.id, container_id: new_score.id,
                        container_type: "AdjustScore", parent_container_id: @task.id,
@@ -445,9 +445,9 @@ class GraduationWorksController < ApplicationController
         end
         Attachment.associate_container(params[:attachment_ids], @work.id, @work.class, 7)
         revise_attachment = Attachment.where(attachtype: 7, container_id: @work.id, container_type: "GraduationWork").last
-        revise_attachment.update_attributes(description: params[:description]) if revise_attachment.present?
+        revise_attachment.update!(description: params[:description]) if revise_attachment.present?
 
-        @work.update_attributes(update_time: Time.now)
+        @work.update!(update_time: Time.now)
 
         normal_status("提交成功")
       rescue Exception => e
@@ -465,7 +465,7 @@ class GraduationWorksController < ApplicationController
 
     if @work_assign_teacher.present?
       # graduation_group_id: 已经是答辩组的需要 将答辩组清空
-      @work_assign_teacher.update_attributes(graduation_group_id: 0)
+      @work_assign_teacher.update!(graduation_group_id: 0)
     else
       @work.graduation_work_comment_assignations << GraduationWorkCommentAssignation.new(graduation_task_id: @task.id,
                                                                                          user_id: params[:user_id],
diff --git a/app/controllers/homework_commons_controller.rb b/app/controllers/homework_commons_controller.rb
index f386ad1b2..96a73b08b 100644
--- a/app/controllers/homework_commons_controller.rb
+++ b/app/controllers/homework_commons_controller.rb
@@ -1451,7 +1451,7 @@ class HomeworkCommonsController < ApplicationController
           if user_review.present?
             user_review.update_attributes!(:code_rate => user_rate)
           else
-            homework.homework_review_results.create(:user_id => user, :code_rate => user_rate)
+            homework.homework_review_results.create!(:user_id => user, :code_rate => user_rate)
           end
         end
         nuser_ids = results.user_lists.map(&:user_id).uniq
diff --git a/app/controllers/poll_questions_controller.rb b/app/controllers/poll_questions_controller.rb
index 411961e96..c60eaff38 100644
--- a/app/controllers/poll_questions_controller.rb
+++ b/app/controllers/poll_questions_controller.rb
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ class PollQuestionsController < ApplicationController
             @poll.poll_questions.insert_question(ques_num).update_all("question_number = question_number + 1")
           end
         end
-        if @poll_question.save
+        if @poll_question.save!
           if params[:question_type] != 3
             p_answer = params[:question_answers]
             p_other_answer = params[:question_other_answer]
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ class PollQuestionsController < ApplicationController
                   :answer_text => answer
               }
               poll_answers = @poll_question.poll_answers.new question_option
-              poll_answers.save
+              poll_answers.save!
             end
             # 新增答案的其他选项
             if p_other_answer
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ class PollQuestionsController < ApplicationController
                   :answer_text => ''
               }
               poll_answers = @poll_question.poll_answers.new question_option
-              poll_answers.save
+              poll_answers.save!
             end
           end
         end
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ class PollQuestionsController < ApplicationController
             if answer  # 判断该位置的answer是否存在，存在则更新.不存在则跳到下一步
               answer.answer_text = p_answer[i-1]
               answer.answer_position = i
-              answer.save
+              answer.save!
             else
               answer_options = {
                   :answer_position => i,
@@ -137,12 +137,12 @@ class PollQuestionsController < ApplicationController
               @poll_question.poll_answers.new question_option
             else
               other_answer.answer_position = p_answer_count + 1
-              other_answer.save
+              other_answer.save!
             end
           end
         end
 
-        @poll_question.update_attributes(poll_questions_params)
+        @poll_question.update!(poll_questions_params)
       rescue Exception => e
         uid_logger_error(e.message)
         tip_exception("更新失败")
@@ -198,8 +198,8 @@ class PollQuestionsController < ApplicationController
             if opr.to_s == "up"
               last_q_p = @poll.poll_questions.find_by(question_number: (current_q_p-1))  #当前问题的前一个问题
               if last_q_p.present?
-                @poll_question.update_attribute("question_number", (current_q_p - 1))
-                last_q_p.update_attribute("question_number", current_q_p) # 重新获取当前问题的位置
+                @poll_question.update!(question_number: (current_q_p - 1))
+                last_q_p.update!(question_number: current_q_p) # 重新获取当前问题的位置
                 normal_status(0, "问题上移成功！")
               else
                 normal_status(-1, "移动失败，已经是第一个问题了！")
@@ -207,8 +207,8 @@ class PollQuestionsController < ApplicationController
             elsif opr.to_s == "down"
               next_q_p = @poll.poll_questions.find_by(question_number: (current_q_p+1))  #当前问题的后一个问题
               if next_q_p.present?
-                @poll_question.update_attribute("question_number", (current_q_p + 1))
-                next_q_p.update_attribute("question_number", current_q_p)
+                @poll_question.update!(question_number: (current_q_p + 1))
+                next_q_p.update!(question_number: current_q_p)
 
                 normal_status(0, "问题下移成功！")
               else
diff --git a/app/controllers/poll_votes_controller.rb b/app/controllers/poll_votes_controller.rb
index 72207f488..42dbbe3df 100644
--- a/app/controllers/poll_votes_controller.rb
+++ b/app/controllers/poll_votes_controller.rb
@@ -31,15 +31,15 @@ class PollVotesController < ApplicationController
           current_user_answer = user_votes.first
           if current_user_answer&.poll_answer_id != question_answer_id   #如果说更换了答案，则以前的答案删除，并新建记录
             current_user_answer.destroy
-            PollVote.create(vote_answer_params)
+            PollVote.create!(vote_answer_params)
           else
 
             if question_answer_text.present?
-              current_user_answer.update_attribute("vote_text", question_answer_text)
+              current_user_answer.update!(vote_text: question_answer_text)
             end
           end
         else
-          PollVote.create(vote_answer_params)
+          PollVote.create!(vote_answer_params)
         end
       elsif question_type == 2   #多选题的话，答案应该是1个以上
         question_answer_ids = params[:poll_answer_id] ? params[:poll_answer_id] : [] #该答案的id
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ class PollVotesController < ApplicationController
             ques_vote_id = question_answer_ids.map(&:to_i).max
             ques_vote = user_votes.find_by(poll_answer_id: ques_vote_id)
             if ques_vote.present?
-              ques_vote.update_attributes!(vote_text: question_answer_text)
+              ques_vote.update!(vote_text: question_answer_text)
             else
               answer_option = {
                 :user_id => current_user.id,
@@ -93,14 +93,14 @@ class PollVotesController < ApplicationController
       else   #主观题的输入
         # current_vote_text = user_votes.find_vote_text
         if user_votes.present?
-          user_votes.first.update_attribute("vote_text", question_answer_text)
+          user_votes.first.update!(vote_text: question_answer_text)
           # if question_answer_text.present?
           #   user_votes.first.update_attribute("vote_text", question_answer_text)
           # else
           #   user_votes.destroy_all
           # end
         else
-          PollVote.create(vote_answer_params)
+          PollVote.create!(vote_answer_params)
         end
       end
       @current_question_number = @poll_question.question_number
diff --git a/app/controllers/polls_controller.rb b/app/controllers/polls_controller.rb
index 3e6914dee..c9c9cc567 100644
--- a/app/controllers/polls_controller.rb
+++ b/app/controllers/polls_controller.rb
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ class PollsController < ApplicationController
             :polls_status => 1,
             :polls_type => "Course",
         }
-        @poll = Poll.create(poll_options)
+        @poll = Poll.create!(poll_options)
       rescue Exception => e
         uid_logger_error(e.message)
         tip_exception("问卷创建失败！")
@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ class PollsController < ApplicationController
             :polls_name => poll_name,
             :polls_description => poll_des
         }
-        @poll.update_attributes(poll_params)
+        @poll.update!(poll_params)
         normal_status(0,"问卷更新成功！")
       rescue Exception => e
         uid_logger_error(e.message)
@@ -297,7 +297,7 @@ class PollsController < ApplicationController
                    poll_group_setting = poll.poll_group_settings.find_in_poll_group("course_group_id",i).first  #根据课堂分班的id，寻找问卷所在的班级
                    group_end_time = params[:detail] ? group_end_times[index] : ex_end_time
                    if poll_group_setting.present?   #如果该问卷分组存在，则更新，否则新建
-                     poll_group_setting.update_attributes!(publish_time: Time.now, end_time: group_end_time)
+                     poll_group_setting.update!(publish_time: Time.now, end_time: group_end_time)
                    else
                      p_course_group = {
                          :poll_id => poll.id,
@@ -326,7 +326,7 @@ class PollsController < ApplicationController
                 :polls_status => poll_status,
                 :unified_setting => poll_unified
             }
-            poll.update_attributes(poll_params)
+            poll.update!(poll_params)
             if poll.course_acts.size == 0
               poll.course_acts << CourseActivity.new(:user_id => poll.user_id,:course_id => poll.course_id)
             end
@@ -390,10 +390,10 @@ class PollsController < ApplicationController
               new_end_time = poll_group_setting.end_time_present.map(&:end_time)   # 问卷结束时间不为空的
               new_end_time_s = new_end_time.size > 0 ? new_end_time.max : Time.now
               new_poll_status = set_poll_status(poll.publish_time,new_end_time_s)
-              poll.update_attributes(:end_time => new_end_time_s,:polls_status => new_poll_status,:unified_setting => poll_unified)
+              poll.update!(:end_time => new_end_time_s,:polls_status => new_poll_status,:unified_setting => poll_unified)
             elsif poll.unified_setting
               poll_users = poll.poll_users
-              poll.update_attributes(:polls_status => 3, :end_time => Time.now)
+              poll.update!(:polls_status => 3, :end_time => Time.now)
             end
             poll_users = poll_users.where("commit_status = 0 and start_at is not null")
             poll_users.update_all(:commit_status => 1, :end_at => Time.now)
@@ -470,7 +470,7 @@ class PollsController < ApplicationController
                 :publish_time => p_time,
                 :end_time => e_time
             }
-            @poll.update_attributes(poll_options)
+            @poll.update!(poll_options)
             normal_status(0,"分班问卷撤销发布成功！")
           else
             normal_status(-1,"请选择撤销发布班级！")
@@ -490,7 +490,7 @@ class PollsController < ApplicationController
               :end_time => nil,
               :unified_setting => true
           }
-          @poll.update_attributes(poll_new_params)
+          @poll.update!(poll_new_params)
           @poll.poll_group_settings.destroy_all
           normal_status(0,"问卷撤销发布成功！")
 
@@ -531,7 +531,7 @@ class PollsController < ApplicationController
       begin
         check_ids = Poll.where(id:params[:check_ids])
         check_ids.each do |poll|
-          poll.update_attribute('is_public', true)
+          poll.update!(is_public: true)
         end
         normal_status(0, "问卷已设为公开！")
       rescue Exception => e
@@ -555,13 +555,13 @@ class PollsController < ApplicationController
                 :description => poll.polls_description,
                 :course_list_id => poll.course.try(:course_list_id)
             }
-            current_ex_bank.update_attributes(ex_params)
+            current_ex_bank.update!(ex_params)
             question_bank = QuestionBank.ques_by_container(current_ex_bank.id,current_ex_bank.container_type)  #该习题库是否存在于问题库里
             ques_params = {
                 :name => current_ex_bank.name,
                 :course_list_id => current_ex_bank.course_list_id
             }
-            question_bank.first.update_attributes(ques_params) if question_bank.present?
+            question_bank.first.update!(ques_params) if question_bank.present?
             current_ex_bank.exercise_bank_questions.destroy_all  # 更新后，习题库的问题全部删除，后续重新再建
           else
             ex_params = {
@@ -575,7 +575,7 @@ class PollsController < ApplicationController
                 :quotes => 1
             }
             current_ex_bank= ExerciseBank.new ex_params
-            if current_ex_bank.save  #如果习题库保存成功，则会创建问题库question_bank
+            if current_ex_bank.save!  #如果习题库保存成功，则会创建问题库question_bank
               ques_params = {
                   :name => current_ex_bank.name,
                   :container_id => current_ex_bank.id,
@@ -586,9 +586,9 @@ class PollsController < ApplicationController
                   :course_list_id => current_ex_bank.course_list_id
               }
               question_bank = QuestionBank.new ques_params
-              question_bank.save
+              question_bank.save!
             end
-            poll.update_attributes!(exercise_bank_id: current_ex_bank.id)
+            poll.update!(exercise_bank_id: current_ex_bank.id)
           end
           # 问卷的问题的输入
           poll.poll_questions.each do |f|
@@ -601,7 +601,7 @@ class PollsController < ApplicationController
                 :min_choices => f.min_choices
             }
             exercise_bank_question = current_ex_bank.exercise_bank_questions.new option
-            exercise_bank_question.save
+            exercise_bank_question.save!
             ## 问卷答案的输入
             f.poll_answers.each do |a|
               choice_option = {
@@ -609,7 +609,7 @@ class PollsController < ApplicationController
                   :choice_text => a.answer_text
               }
               exercise_bank_c = exercise_bank_question.exercise_bank_choices.new choice_option
-              exercise_bank_c.save
+              exercise_bank_c.save!
             end
           end
         end
@@ -746,7 +746,7 @@ class PollsController < ApplicationController
                 :publish_time => params_publish_time,
                 :end_time => params_end_time
             }
-            @poll.update_attributes(poll_params)
+            @poll.update!(poll_params)
             @poll.poll_group_settings.destroy_all
             normal_status(0, "问卷设置成功！")
           end
@@ -800,7 +800,7 @@ class PollsController < ApplicationController
                       :end_time => poll_end_time
                     }
                   end
-                  the_group_setting.update_attributes(poll_group_params)
+                  the_group_setting.update!(poll_group_params)
                 end
               end
               if new_group_ids.size > 0
@@ -813,7 +813,7 @@ class PollsController < ApplicationController
                       :end_time => poll_end_time
                   }
                   new_poll_group = PollGroupSetting.new(poll_group_params)
-                  new_poll_group.save
+                  new_poll_group.save!
                 end
               end
             end
@@ -848,7 +848,7 @@ class PollsController < ApplicationController
                 :publish_time => p_time,
                 :end_time => e_time
             }
-            @poll.update_attributes(poll_params)
+            @poll.update!(poll_params)
             if @poll.polls_status == 2
               if @poll.course_acts.size == 0
                 @poll.course_acts << CourseActivity.new(:user_id => @poll.user_id,:course_id => @poll.course_id)
@@ -880,10 +880,10 @@ class PollsController < ApplicationController
                 :start_at => Time.now,
                 :commit_status => 0
             }
-            PollUser.create(poll_user_params)
+            PollUser.create!(poll_user_params)
           end
         elsif poll_user_current.start_at.nil?
-          poll_user_current.update_attributes(:start_at => Time.now)
+          poll_user_current.update!(:start_at => Time.now)
         end
 
         if @user_course_identity < Course::STUDENT || (@poll_status == 3) || (poll_user_current.present? && poll_user_current.commit_status == 1)
@@ -963,7 +963,7 @@ class PollsController < ApplicationController
               :commit_status => 1,
               :end_at => Time.now
           }
-          poll_user_current.update_attributes(poll_user_params)
+          poll_user_current.update!(poll_user_params)
           CommitPollNotifyJobJob.perform_later(@poll.id, current_user.id)
           normal_status(0, "问卷提交成功！")
         end
diff --git a/app/controllers/student_works_controller.rb b/app/controllers/student_works_controller.rb
index 80d8738a9..59da73703 100644
--- a/app/controllers/student_works_controller.rb
+++ b/app/controllers/student_works_controller.rb
@@ -264,7 +264,7 @@ class StudentWorksController < ApplicationController
             if project_member.present?
               project_member.member_roles.take.update_attributes!(role_id: 3) if project_member.member_roles.take.present?
             else
-              member = Member.create(user_id: @homework.user_id, project_id: project.id)
+              member = Member.create!(user_id: @homework.user_id, project_id: project.id)
               member.member_roles << MemberRole.new(role_id: 3)
               Tiding.create(user_id: @homework.user_id, trigger_user_id: current_user.id, container_id: project.id,
                             container_type: 'ManagerJoinProject', belong_container_id: project.id,
@@ -737,7 +737,7 @@ class StudentWorksController < ApplicationController
           else
             comment = "根据实训报告中最终提交的代码调整第#{challenge.position}关分数"
           end
-          challenge_score = @work.challenge_work_scores.create(challenge_id: params[:challenge_id], user_id: current_user.id, score: params[:score],
+          challenge_score = @work.challenge_work_scores.create!(challenge_id: params[:challenge_id], user_id: current_user.id, score: params[:score],
                                                                comment: comment)
           challenge_score.create_tiding current_user.id
           if @work.work_status != 0 && @work.myshixun