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# 图书管理系统
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2023年5月21日
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成员1：王昊 成员2：孙艺哲 成员3：张江楠 成员4：郭佳慧
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## 项目简介
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本系统是程序设计与问题求解课程设计项目，实现了图书管理 CSV 格式数据文件的读取和保存，以及数据的增删改查（CRUD）等功能。项目采用 C 语言编程实现，在 VS Code 集成开发环境（IDE）中用 GCC 进行编译。系统采用模块化设计，程序结构清晰，采用菜单驱动的命令行界面，操作便捷，能够用 CSV 格式读取和保存数据，通用性强，能够用图表展示数据，直观清楚。
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下载地址：https://bdgit.educoder.net/mac76tib2/libray.git
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项目开发过程中采用 Kanban（看板）进行任务管理和分工协作，并使用 Git 对程序代码和文档进行版本管理。任务分工情况如下：
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| 任务 | 设计 | 开发 | 测试 | 文档 |
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|------|-----|------|------|-----|
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| C1 | 王昊 | 王昊 | 张江楠 | 郭佳慧 |
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| C2·C3·C4·C5 | 张江楠 | 张江楠 | 郭佳慧 | 孙艺哲 |
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| C6·C7·C8·C9 | 郭佳慧 | 郭佳慧 | 孙艺哲 | 王昊 |
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| C10·C11·C12 | 孙艺哲 | 孙艺哲 | 王昊 | 张江楠 |
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每个成员工作量（百分比）：
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| 王昊 | 张江楠 | 郭佳慧 | 孙艺哲 |
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|----|---|----|----|
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| 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 |
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## 关于图书管理系统
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建立一个图书馆管理系统,可以处理以下对象：
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（1）图书馆基本信息
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（2）图书馆的书籍
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（3）图书馆管理员
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（4）读者信息
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### 需求分析
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（1）查询图书馆的总信息
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（2）查询图书馆藏书信息
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（3）存入新书
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（4）旧书处理
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（5）根据书名检索书刊信息
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（6）查询读者的借阅信息
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（7）查询读者信息
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（8）读者借书
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（9）读者还书
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（10）文件保存
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（11）从文件读取
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## C1：函数模块
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1.函数原形：int main();
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2.功能：调用ShowMainMenu()函数，显示主界面
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```
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void ShowMainMenu()
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{
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system("cls");
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printf("\n\n\n\n\n");
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printf("\t|----------------------欢迎进入---------------------------\n");
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printf("\t| 读者管理系统 \n");
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printf("\t| 1、查询图书馆的总信息 \n");
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printf("\t| 2、查询图书馆藏书信息 \n");
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printf("\t| 3、存入新书 \n");
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printf("\t| 4、旧书处理 \n");
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printf("\t| 5、根据书名检索书刊信息 \n");
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printf("\t| 6、查询读者的借阅信息 \n");
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printf("\t| 7、查询读者信息 \n");
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printf("\t| 8、读者借书 \n");
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printf("\t| 9、读者还书 \n");
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printf("\t| 10、文件保存 \n");
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printf("\t| 11、从文件读取 \n");
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printf("\t| 0、退出 \n");
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printf("\t|---------------------------------------------------------\n");
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printf("新打开程序需先添加管理员\n");
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printf("\n");
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printf("\t\t请选择（0-11）：");
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}
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```
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## C2：查询图书馆信息模块
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函数原形：void ShowLibInfo(const Book* book, const Reader* reader);
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功能：接受两个形参，分别是图书的链表地址，读者的链表地址，并遍历两个链表，显示出图书的数量和读者的数量
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```
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void ShowLibInfo(const Book* book1, const Reader* reader1)
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{
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Book* book = book1;
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Reader* reader = reader1;
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int bookNUm = 0, readerNUm = 0, mangerNUm = 0;
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while (book != NULL)
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{
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bookNUm++;
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book = book->next;
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}
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while (reader != NULL)
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{
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readerNUm++;
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reader = reader->next;
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}
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printf("本图书馆共有藏书%d本,读者%d人\n", bookNUm, readerNUm);
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printf("按任意键返回\n");
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getchar();
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return;
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}
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```
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## C3：查找图书馆藏书信息模块
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1) 函数原形: void ShowLibBook(Book* book);
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2) 功能： 接受一个形参：图书的链表地址，遍历该链表，显示出所有图书的信息
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```
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void ShowLibBook(Book* book1)
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{
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Book* book = book1;
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while (book != NULL)
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{ // \t :制表符
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printf("%d\t%s\t%s\t%s\t%d\n", book->iNum, book->acName, book->acAuthor, book->acPress, book->iAmount);
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book = book->next;
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}
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printf("\n按任意键返回\n");
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getchar();
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return;
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}
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```
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## C4：存入新书信息模块
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1) 函数原形: Book* AddBook(Book* book);
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2) 功能： 接受一个形参：图书的链表地址，利用尾插对链表进行修改，添加图书
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```
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Book* AddBook(Book* book1)
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{
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Book* book = book1;
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if (book == NULL)
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{
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Book* tmp = (Book*)malloc(sizeof(Book));
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tmp->next = NULL;
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assert(tmp);
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printf("输入书的编号:");
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scanf("%d", &tmp->iNum);
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getchar();
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printf("输入书的名称:");
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gets(&tmp->acName);
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printf("输入书的作者:");
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gets(tmp->acAuthor);
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printf("输入书的出版社:");
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gets(tmp->acPress);
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printf("输入书的库存量:");
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scanf("%d", &tmp->iAmount);
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book = tmp;
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printf("按任意键返回\n");
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getchar();
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return book;
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return;
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}
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while (1)
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{
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while (book->next == NULL)
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{
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int flag = 1;
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while (flag)
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{
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Book* tmp = (Book*)malloc(sizeof(Book));
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tmp->next = NULL;
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assert(tmp);
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printf("输入书的编号:");
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scanf("%d", &tmp->iNum);
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getchar();
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printf("输入书的名称:");
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gets(&tmp->acName);
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printf("输入书的作者:");
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gets(tmp->acAuthor);
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printf("输入书的出版社:");
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gets(tmp->acPress);
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printf("输入书的库存量:");
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scanf("%d", &tmp->iAmount);
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book->next = tmp;
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printf("是否继续输入:1==>继续\t0==>结束\t");
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scanf("%d", &flag);
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getchar();
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if (flag == 0)
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{
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printf("按任意键返回\n");
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getchar();
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return book1;
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}
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}
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}
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book = book->next;
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}
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printf("按任意键返回\n");
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getchar();
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return;
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}
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```
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## C5:旧书处理信息模块
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1）函数原形: Book* DealoldBook(Book* book);
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2) 功能： 接受一个形参:图书链表的地址，遍历该链表，用书的编号进行匹配，找到该图书后删除该图书，否则返回
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```
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Book* DealoldBook(Book* book1)
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{
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Book* book = book1;
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Book* prev = book1;
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printf("输入要处理旧书的编号:");
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int id;
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scanf("%d", &id);
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getchar();
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while (book != NULL)
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{
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if (id == book->iNum)
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{
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if (book1 == book)
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{
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book = book->next;
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free(prev);
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return book;
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}
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prev->next = book->next;
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free(book); // free():释放资源
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printf("已将旧书处理掉!\n");
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printf("按任意键返回\n");
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getchar();
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return book1;
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}
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prev = book;
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book = book->next;
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}
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printf("没有找到该图书\n");
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printf("按任意键返回\n");
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getchar();
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return book1;
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}
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```
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## C6:查找图书信息模块
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1）函数原形: void foundBook(Book* book);
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2) 功能：接受一个形参:图书链表的地址，遍历该链表，用书的编号进行匹配，找到该图书后显示该图书，否则返回
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```
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```
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## C7:查询读者借阅信息模块
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1）函数原形: void foundReader_Info(Reader* reader);
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2) 功能： 接受一个形参:读者链表的地址，遍历该链表，用读者的编号进行匹配，找到该读者显示该读者的信息，否则返回
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```
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```
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## C8:查询读者借书模块
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1）函数原形: void foundReaderInfo(Reader* reader);
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2）功能: 接受一个形参:读者链表的地址，遍历该链表，用读者的编号进行匹配，找到该读者显示该读者的借阅信息，否则返回
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```
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```
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## C9:读者借书模块
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1)函数原形: Reader* LendBook(Reader* reader, Book* book);
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2)功能:接受两个形参：读者链表地址和图书链表地址，用读者的编号进行匹配，找到该读者后，用图书的编号进行匹配，进行借书，否则返回
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```
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```
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## C10:读者还书模块
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函数原形：void returnBook(Reader* reader, Book* book);
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功能：接受两个形参：读者链表地址和图书链表地址，用读者的编号进行匹配，找到该读者后，用图书的编号进行匹配，进行还书，否则返回
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```
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```
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## C11:保存信息模块
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1）函数原形: void save(Book* book);
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2) 功能：接受一个形参：book的链表地址，新建一个文件，将链表中的信息保存到硬盘中
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```
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```
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## C12:读取信息模块
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1）函数原形: Book* read1();
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2) 功能：打开一个文件，将文件中的信息读取到内存中，并返回一个Book类型的指针
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```
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```
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## 概要设计
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系统主要为开始界面和数据处理两大模块
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开始界面即显示主要功能
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数据处理包括：
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查询图书馆的总信息
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查询图书馆藏书信息
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存入新书
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旧书处理
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根据书名检索书刊信息
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查询读者的借阅信息
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查询读者信息
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读者借书
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读者还书
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文件保存
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从文件读取
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上述各模块通过主程序（main）进行调用，系统模块图如下:
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## 详细设计
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针对概要设计
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C2:void ShowLibInfo(const Book* book, const Reader* reader);\\查询图书馆的总信息
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C3:void ShowLibBook(Book* book);\\查询图书馆藏书信息
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)
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C4:Book* AddBook(Book* book);\\存入新书
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C5:Book* DealoldBook(Book* book);\\旧书处理
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C6:void foundBook(Book* book);\\根据书名检索书刊信息
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C7:void foundReader_Info(Reader* reader);\\查询读者的借阅信息
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C8:void foundReaderInfo(Reader* reader);\\查询读者信息
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C9:Reader* LendBook(Reader* reader, Book* book);\\读者借书
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C10:void returnBook(Reader* reader, Book* book);\\读者还书
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C11:void save(Book* book);\\文件保存
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C12:Book* read1();\\从文件读取
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