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from bs4 import BeautifulSoup #网页解析，获取数据
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import re #正则表达式，进行文字匹配
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import urllib.request #制定URL，获取网页数据
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import urllib.error
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import xlwt #进行excel操作
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import sqlite3 #进行SQLite数据库操作
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def main():
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baseurl = "https://www.zhangqiaokeyan.com/academic-journal-cn_"
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#爬取网页
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datalist = getData(baseurl)
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savepath = "中文期刊10页.xls"
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#保存数据
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saveData(datalist,savepath)
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#askURL("https://www.zhangqiaokeyan.com/academic-journal-cn_1/")
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#创建正则表达式，规则
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findLink = re.compile(r'<a href="(.*?)">') #期刊链接
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findname = re.compile(r'<a.*>(.*)</a>') #期刊名称
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finditem1 = re.compile(r'<span>(.*)</span>',re.S)
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finditem2 = re.compile(r'(.*)</span>',re.S)
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finditem3 = re.compile(r'<span>(.*)',re.S)
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findfrequency = re.compile(r'(.*)</span>',re.S) #刊频
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findNUM = re.compile(r'<span>(.*)') #ISSN和CN
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#爬取网页
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def getData(baseurl):
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datalist = []
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for i in range(0,10):
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url = baseurl + str(i) + "/"
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html = askURL(url)
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#逐一解析数据
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soup = BeautifulSoup(html,"html.parser")
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for item in soup.find_all('li',class_="list_item"):
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# #保存一个期刊的全部信息
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data = []
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item = str(item)
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#查找指定字符串
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link = re.findall(findLink,item)[0] #获取期刊链接
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data.append(link) #添加链接
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name = re.findall(findname,item)[0] #获取期刊名称
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data.append(name) #添加期刊名称
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item1 = re.findall(finditem1,item)[0]
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item2 = re.findall(finditem2,item1)[0]
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item3 = re.findall(finditem3,item1)[0]
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frequency = re.findall(findfrequency,item2)[0] #获取刊频
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data.append(frequency) #添加刊频
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ISSN = re.findall(findNUM,item2)[0] #获取ISSN
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data.append(ISSN) #添加ISSN
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CN = re.findall(findNUM,item3)[0] #获取CN
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data.append(CN) #添加CN
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datalist.append(data)
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#
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#print(datalist)
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return datalist
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#得到指定一个URL的网页内容
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def askURL(url):
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head = { #模拟浏览器头部信息
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"User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/92.0.4515.131 Safari/537.36 SLBrowser/8.0.0.7271 SLBChan/105"
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}
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#用户代理
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request = urllib.request.Request(url,headers=head)
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html = ""
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try:
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response = urllib.request.urlopen(request)
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html = response.read().decode("utf-8")
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#print(html)
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except urllib.error.URLError as e:
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if hasattr(e,"code"):
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print(e.code)
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if hasattr(e,"reason"):
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print(e.reason)
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return html
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#保存数据
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def saveData(datalist,savepath):
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print("save...")
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book = xlwt.Workbook(encoding="utf-8",style_compression=0)
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sheet = book.add_sheet('中文期刊10页',cell_overwrite_ok=True)
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col = ("期刊链接","期刊名称","刊率","ISSN","CN")
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for i in range(0,5):
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sheet.write(0,i,col[i])
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for i in range(0,200):
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print("第%d条"%(i+1))
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data = datalist[i]
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for j in range(0,5):
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sheet.write(i+1,j,data[j])
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book.save(savepath)
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if __name__ == "__main__":
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# 调用函数
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main()
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print("爬取完毕!") |
