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<ol class="chapter"><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><a href="index.html">简明 zCore 教程</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><a href="zcore-intro.html">🚧 zCore 整体结构和设计模式</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><a href="fuchsia.html">🚧 Fuchsia OS 和 Zircon 微内核</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch01-00-object.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.</strong> 内核对象</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch01-01-kernel-object.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.1.</strong> ✅ 初识内核对象</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch01-02-process-object.html" class="active"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.2.</strong> 🚧 对象管理器：Process 对象</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch01-03-channel-object.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.3.</strong> 🚧 对象传送器：Channel 对象</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch02-00-task.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.</strong> 任务管理</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch02-01-zircon-task.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.</strong> 🚧 Zircon 任务管理体系</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch02-02-process-job-object.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.2.</strong> 🚧 进程管理：Process 与 Job 对象</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch02-03-thread-object.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.3.</strong> 🚧 线程管理：Thread 对象</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch03-00-memory.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.</strong> 内存管理</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch03-01-zircon-memory.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.1.</strong> 🚧 Zircon 内存管理模型</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch03-02-vmo.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.2.</strong> 🚧 物理内存：VMO 对象</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch03-03-vmo-paged.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.3.</strong> 🚧 物理内存：按页分配的 VMO</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch03-04-vmar.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.4.</strong> 🚧 虚拟内存：VMAR 对象</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch04-00-userspace.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.</strong> 用户程序</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch04-01-user-program.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.1.</strong> 🚧 Zircon 用户程序</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch04-02-context-switch.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.2.</strong> 🚧 上下文切换</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch04-03-syscall.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.3.</strong> 🚧 系统调用</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch05-00-signal-and-waiting.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.</strong> 信号和等待</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch05-01-wait-signal.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.1.</strong> 🚧 等待内核对象的信号</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch05-02-port-object.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.2.</strong> 🚧 同时等待多个信号：Port 对象</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch05-03-more-signal-objects.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.3.</strong> 🚧 实现更多：EventPair, Timer 对象</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch05-04-futex-object.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.4.</strong> 🚧 用户态同步互斥：Futex 对象</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch06-00-hal.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">6.</strong> 硬件抽象层</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch06-01-zcore-hal-unix.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">6.1.</strong> ✅ UNIX硬件抽象层</a></li></ol></li></ol> </div>
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<main>
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<h4 id="对象管理器process-对象"><a class="header" href="#对象管理器process-对象">对象管理器：Process 对象</a></h4>
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<h2 id="权限"><a class="header" href="#权限">权限</a></h2>
|
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|
<p>内核对象的“<a href="https://fuchsia.dev/docs/concepts/kernel/rights">权限</a>”指定允许对内核对象进行哪些操作。权限与句柄相关联，并传达对关联句柄或与句柄关联的对象执行操作的特权。单个进程可能对具有不同权限的同一个内核对象有两个不同的句柄。</p>
|
|
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<h2 id="句柄"><a class="header" href="#句柄">句柄</a></h2>
|
|
|
<p>句柄是允许用户程序引用内核对象引用的一种内核结构，它可以被认为是与特定内核对象的会话或连接。</p>
|
|
|
<p>通常情况下，多个进程通过不同的句柄同时访问同一个对象。对象可能有多个句柄（在一个或多个进程中）引用它们。但单个句柄只能绑定到单个进程或绑定到内核。</p>
|
|
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<p>当句柄绑定到内核时，我们说它是“在传输中”（'in-transit'）。</p>
|
|
|
<p>在用户模式下，句柄只是某个系统调用返回的特定数字。只有“不在传输中”的句柄对用户模式可见。</p>
|
|
|
<p>代表句柄的整数只对其所属的那个进程有意义。另一个进程中的相同数字可能不会映射到任何句柄，或者它可能映射到指向完全不同的内核对象的句柄。</p>
|
|
|
<p>句柄的整数值是任何 32 位数字，但对应于<strong>ZX_HANDLE_INVALID</strong>的值将始终为 0。除此之外，有效句柄的整数值将始终具有句柄集的两个最低有效位. 可以使用<strong>ZX_HANDLE_FIXED_BITS_MASK</strong>访问代表这些位的掩码。</p>
|
|
|
<p>句柄可以从一个进程移动到另一个进程，方法是将它们写入通道（使用<a href="https://fuchsia.dev/docs/reference/syscalls/channel_write"><code>channel_write()</code></a>），或者使用 <a href="https://fuchsia.dev/docs/reference/syscalls/process_start"><code>process_start()</code></a>传递一个句柄作为新进程中第一个线程的参数。对于几乎所有的对象，当最后一个打开的引用对象的句柄关闭时，对象要么被销毁，要么被置于可能无法撤消的最终状态。</p>
|
|
|
<p>在 <code>Cargo.toml</code> 中加入 <code>bitflags</code> 库：</p>
|
|
|
<pre><code class="language-rust noplaypen">[dependencies]
|
|
|
bitflags = "1.2"
|
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
|
<p>在 object 模块下定义两个子模块：</p>
|
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|
<pre><code class="language-rust noplaypen">// src/object/mod.rs
|
|
|
mod handle;
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|
mod rights;
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pub use self::handle::*;
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pub use self::rights::*;
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|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
|
<p>定义权限：</p>
|
|
|
<pre><code class="language-rust noplaypen">// src/object/rights.rs
|
|
|
use bitflags::bitflags;
|
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|
|
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|
bitflags! {
|
|
|
/// 句柄权限
|
|
|
pub struct Rights: u32 {
|
|
|
const DUPLICATE = 1 << 0;
|
|
|
const TRANSFER = 1 << 1;
|
|
|
const READ = 1 << 2;
|
|
|
const WRITE = 1 << 3;
|
|
|
const EXECUTE = 1 << 4;
|
|
|
const MAP = 1 << 5;
|
|
|
const GET_PROPERTY = 1 << 6;
|
|
|
const SET_PROPERTY = 1 << 7;
|
|
|
const ENUMERATE = 1 << 8;
|
|
|
const DESTROY = 1 << 9;
|
|
|
const SET_POLICY = 1 << 10;
|
|
|
const GET_POLICY = 1 << 11;
|
|
|
const SIGNAL = 1 << 12;
|
|
|
const SIGNAL_PEER = 1 << 13;
|
|
|
const WAIT = 1 << 14;
|
|
|
const INSPECT = 1 << 15;
|
|
|
const MANAGE_JOB = 1 << 16;
|
|
|
const MANAGE_PROCESS = 1 << 17;
|
|
|
const MANAGE_THREAD = 1 << 18;
|
|
|
const APPLY_PROFILE = 1 << 19;
|
|
|
const SAME_RIGHTS = 1 << 31;
|
|
|
|
|
|
const BASIC = Self::TRANSFER.bits | Self::DUPLICATE.bits | Self::WAIT.bits | Self::INSPECT.bits;
|
|
|
const IO = Self::READ.bits | Self::WRITE.bits;
|
|
|
|
|
|
const DEFAULT_CHANNEL = Self::BASIC.bits & !Self::DUPLICATE.bits | Self::IO.bits | Self::SIGNAL.bits | Self::SIGNAL_PEER.bits;
|
|
|
/// GET_PROPERTY ｜ SET_PROPERTY
|
|
|
const PROPERTY = Self::GET_PROPERTY.bits | Self::SET_PROPERTY.bits;
|
|
|
/// BASIC | IO | PROPERTY | ENUMERATE | DESTROY | SIGNAL | MANAGE_PROCESS | MANAGE_THREAD
|
|
|
const DEFAULT_PROCESS = Self::BASIC.bits | Self::IO.bits | Self::PROPERTY.bits | Self::ENUMERATE.bits | Self::DESTROY.bits | Self::SIGNAL.bits | Self::MANAGE_PROCESS.bits | Self::MANAGE_THREAD.bits;
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
|
<p>定义句柄：</p>
|
|
|
<pre><code class="language-rust noplaypen">// src/object/handle.rs
|
|
|
use super::{DummyObject, KernelObject, Rights};
|
|
|
use alloc::sync::Arc;
|
|
|
|
|
|
/// 内核对象句柄
|
|
|
#[derive(Clone)]
|
|
|
pub struct Handle {
|
|
|
pub object: Arc<dyn KernelObject>,
|
|
|
pub rights: Rights,
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
impl Handle {
|
|
|
/// 创建一个新句柄
|
|
|
pub fn new(object: Arc<dyn KernelObject>, rights: Rights) -> Self {
|
|
|
Handle { object, rights }
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
|
<h2 id="存储内核对象句柄"><a class="header" href="#存储内核对象句柄">存储内核对象句柄</a></h2>
|
|
|
<blockquote>
|
|
|
<p>添加成员变量 handles: BTreeMap<HandleValue, Handle></p>
|
|
|
<p>实现 create，add_handle，remove_handle 函数</p>
|
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
|
<p>使用上一节的方法，实现一个空的 Process 对象：</p>
|
|
|
<pre><code class="language-rust noplaypen">// src/task/process.rs
|
|
|
/// 进程对象
|
|
|
pub struct Process {
|
|
|
base: KObjectBase,
|
|
|
inner: Mutex<ProcessInner>,
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
impl_kobject!(Process);
|
|
|
|
|
|
struct ProcessInner {
|
|
|
handles: BTreeMap<HandleValue, Handle>,
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
pub type HandleValue = u32;
|
|
|
|
|
|
impl Process {
|
|
|
/// 创建一个新的进程对象
|
|
|
pub fn new() -> Arc<Self> {
|
|
|
Arc::new(Process {
|
|
|
base: KObjectBase::default(),
|
|
|
inner: Mutex::new(ProcessInner {
|
|
|
handles: BTreeMap::default(),
|
|
|
}),
|
|
|
})
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
|
<p>插入、删除句柄函数：</p>
|
|
|
<pre><code class="language-rust noplaypen">// src/task/process.rs
|
|
|
impl Process {
|
|
|
/// 添加一个新的对象句柄
|
|
|
pub fn add_handle(&self, handle: Handle) -> HandleValue {
|
|
|
let mut inner = self.inner.lock();
|
|
|
let value = (0 as HandleValue..)
|
|
|
.find(|idx| !inner.handles.contains_key(idx))
|
|
|
.unwrap();
|
|
|
inner.handles.insert(value, handle);
|
|
|
value
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
/// 删除一个对象句柄
|
|
|
pub fn remove_handle(&self, handle_value: HandleValue) {
|
|
|
self.inner.lock().handles.remove(&handle_value);
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
|
<h2 id="定义内核错误及-result-类型"><a class="header" href="#定义内核错误及-result-类型">定义内核错误及 <code>Result</code> 类型</a></h2>
|
|
|
<pre><code class="language-rust noplaypen">// src/error.rs
|
|
|
/// Zircon statuses are signed 32 bit integers. The space of values is
|
|
|
/// divided as follows:
|
|
|
/// - The zero value is for the OK status.
|
|
|
/// - Negative values are defined by the system, in this file.
|
|
|
/// - Positive values are reserved for protocol-specific error values,
|
|
|
/// and will never be defined by the system.
|
|
|
#[allow(non_camel_case_types, dead_code)]
|
|
|
#[repr(i32)]
|
|
|
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy)]
|
|
|
pub enum ZxError {
|
|
|
OK = 0,
|
|
|
|
|
|
// ======= Internal failures =======
|
|
|
/// The system encountered an otherwise unspecified error
|
|
|
/// while performing the operation.
|
|
|
INTERNAL = -1,
|
|
|
|
|
|
/// The operation is not implemented, supported,
|
|
|
/// or enabled.
|
|
|
NOT_SUPPORTED = -2,
|
|
|
|
|
|
// ......
|
|
|
|
|
|
/// Connection was aborted.
|
|
|
CONNECTION_ABORTED = -76,
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
|
<pre><code class="language-rust noplaypen">// src/error.rs
|
|
|
///
|
|
|
pub type ZxResult<T> = Result<T, ZxError>;
|
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
|
<h2 id="根据句柄查找内核对象"><a class="header" href="#根据句柄查找内核对象">根据句柄查找内核对象</a></h2>
|
|
|
<blockquote>
|
|
|
<p>实现 get_object_with_rights 等其它相关函数</p>
|
|
|
<p>实现 handle 单元测试</p>
|
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
|
<pre><code class="language-rust noplaypen">// src/task/process.rs
|
|
|
impl Process {
|
|
|
/// 根据句柄值查找内核对象，并检查权限
|
|
|
pub fn get_object_with_rights<T: KernelObject>(
|
|
|
&self,
|
|
|
handle_value: HandleValue,
|
|
|
desired_rights: Rights,
|
|
|
) -> ZxResult<Arc<T>> {
|
|
|
let handle = self
|
|
|
.inner
|
|
|
.lock()
|
|
|
.handles
|
|
|
.get(&handle_value)
|
|
|
.ok_or(ZxError::BAD_HANDLE)?
|
|
|
.clone();
|
|
|
// check type before rights
|
|
|
let object = handle
|
|
|
.object
|
|
|
.downcast_arc::<T>()
|
|
|
.map_err(|_| ZxError::WRONG_TYPE)?;
|
|
|
if !handle.rights.contains(desired_rights) {
|
|
|
return Err(ZxError::ACCESS_DENIED);
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
Ok(object)
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
</code></pre>
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