diff --git a/kernel/src/arch/riscv32/memory.rs b/kernel/src/arch/riscv32/memory.rs
index 277423f..2ae895b 100644
--- a/kernel/src/arch/riscv32/memory.rs
+++ b/kernel/src/arch/riscv32/memory.rs
@@ -21,13 +21,7 @@ pub fn init() {
 */
 #[cfg(not(feature = "no_mmu"))]
 pub fn init() {
-    #[repr(align(4096))]  // align the PageData struct to 4096 bytes
-    struct PageData([u8; PAGE_SIZE]);
-    static PAGE_TABLE_ROOT: PageData = PageData([0; PAGE_SIZE]);
-
     unsafe { sstatus::set_sum(); }  // Allow user memory access
-    let frame = Frame::of_addr(PhysAddr::new(&PAGE_TABLE_ROOT as *const _ as usize));
-    super::paging::setup_page_table(frame); // set up page table
     // initialize heap and Frame allocator
     init_frame_allocator();
     init_heap();
@@ -70,10 +64,7 @@ fn init_frame_allocator() {
     }
 }
 
-/*
-* @brief:
-*   remmap the kernel memory address with 4K page recorded in p1 page table
-*/
+/// Remap the kernel memory address with 4K page recorded in p1 page table
 #[cfg(not(feature = "no_mmu"))]
 fn remap_the_kernel() {
     let mut ms = MemorySet::new_bare();
diff --git a/kernel/src/arch/riscv32/mod.rs b/kernel/src/arch/riscv32/mod.rs
index f874e5f..72dae42 100644
--- a/kernel/src/arch/riscv32/mod.rs
+++ b/kernel/src/arch/riscv32/mod.rs
@@ -9,6 +9,8 @@ pub mod cpu;
 
 #[no_mangle]
 pub extern fn rust_main(hartid: usize, dtb: usize, hart_mask: usize, functions: usize) -> ! {
+    // An initial recursive page table has been set by BBL (shared by all cores)
+
     unsafe { cpu::set_cpu_id(hartid); }
 
     if hartid != 0 {
diff --git a/kernel/src/arch/riscv32/paging.rs b/kernel/src/arch/riscv32/paging.rs
index b9215ca..5ed075b 100644
--- a/kernel/src/arch/riscv32/paging.rs
+++ b/kernel/src/arch/riscv32/paging.rs
@@ -11,38 +11,6 @@ use ucore_memory::PAGE_SIZE;
 use ucore_memory::paging::*;
 use log::*;
 
-/*
-* @param:
-*   Frame: page table root frame
-* @brief:
-*   setup page table in the frame
-*/
-// need 1 page
-#[cfg(target_arch = "riscv32")]
-pub fn setup_page_table(frame: Frame) {
-    let p2 = unsafe { &mut *(frame.start_address().as_usize() as *mut RvPageTable) };
-    p2.zero();
-    p2.set_recursive(RECURSIVE_INDEX, frame.clone());
-
-    // Set kernel identity map
-    // 0x10000000 ~ 1K area
-    p2.map_identity(0x40, EF::VALID | EF::READABLE | EF::WRITABLE);
-    // 0x80000000 ~ 12M area 
-    p2.map_identity(KERNEL_P2_INDEX, EF::VALID | EF::READABLE | EF::WRITABLE | EF::EXECUTABLE);
-    p2.map_identity(KERNEL_P2_INDEX + 1, EF::VALID | EF::READABLE | EF::WRITABLE | EF::EXECUTABLE);
-    p2.map_identity(KERNEL_P2_INDEX + 2, EF::VALID | EF::READABLE | EF::WRITABLE | EF::EXECUTABLE);
-
-    use riscv::register::satp;
-    unsafe { satp::set(satp::Mode::Sv32, 0, frame); }
-    sfence_vma_all();
-    info!("setup init page table end");
-}
-
-#[cfg(target_arch = "riscv64")]
-pub fn setup_page_table(_frame: Frame) {
-    unimplemented!();
-}
-
 pub struct ActivePageTable(RecursivePageTable<'static>);
 
 pub struct PageEntry(PageTableEntry);
diff --git a/riscv-pk b/riscv-pk
index 71b2add..11fe816 160000
--- a/riscv-pk
+++ b/riscv-pk
@@ -1 +1 @@
-Subproject commit 71b2addd7ada2f07ca8e6f02787d706afa4fbe66
+Subproject commit 11fe816ca3b7745268e9322c51cd115d6059654e