diff --git a/kernel/src/arch/riscv32/consts.rs b/kernel/src/arch/riscv32/consts.rs
index 54b776e..0f348f1 100644
--- a/kernel/src/arch/riscv32/consts.rs
+++ b/kernel/src/arch/riscv32/consts.rs
@@ -13,14 +13,14 @@ pub const RECURSIVE_INDEX: usize = 0o774;
 //  root_table[0776] points to a temp page table as leaf page
 
 #[cfg(target_arch = "riscv32")]
-pub const KERN_VA_BASE: usize = 0xC000_0000;
+pub const KERNEL_OFFSET: usize = 0xC000_0000;
 #[cfg(target_arch = "riscv64")]
-pub const KERN_VA_BASE: usize = 0xFFFF_FFFF_C000_0000;
+pub const KERNEL_OFFSET: usize = 0xFFFF_FFFF_C000_0000;
 
 #[cfg(target_arch = "riscv32")]
-pub const KERNEL_P2_INDEX: usize = (KERN_VA_BASE >> 12 >> 10) & 0x3ff;
+pub const KERNEL_P2_INDEX: usize = (KERNEL_OFFSET >> 12 >> 10) & 0x3ff;
 #[cfg(target_arch = "riscv64")]
-pub const KERNEL_P4_INDEX: usize = (KERN_VA_BASE >> 12 >> 9 >> 9 >> 9) & 0o777;
+pub const KERNEL_P4_INDEX: usize = (KERNEL_OFFSET >> 12 >> 9 >> 9 >> 9) & 0o777;
 
 #[cfg(feature = "board_k210")]
 pub const KERNEL_HEAP_SIZE: usize = 0x0010_0000;
diff --git a/kernel/src/arch/riscv32/memory.rs b/kernel/src/arch/riscv32/memory.rs
index cb1d1cb..7355ab8 100644
--- a/kernel/src/arch/riscv32/memory.rs
+++ b/kernel/src/arch/riscv32/memory.rs
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ use riscv::{addr::*, register::sstatus};
 use rcore_memory::PAGE_SIZE;
 use log::*;
 use crate::memory::{FRAME_ALLOCATOR, init_heap, MemoryAttr, MemorySet, Linear};
-use crate::consts::{MEMORY_OFFSET, MEMORY_END, KERN_VA_BASE};
+use crate::consts::{MEMORY_OFFSET, MEMORY_END, KERNEL_OFFSET};
 use riscv::register::satp;
 
 #[cfg(feature = "no_mmu")]
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ fn init_frame_allocator() {
     use core::ops::Range;
 
     let mut ba = FRAME_ALLOCATOR.lock();
-    let range = to_range((end as usize) - KERN_VA_BASE + MEMORY_OFFSET + PAGE_SIZE, MEMORY_END);
+    let range = to_range((end as usize) - KERNEL_OFFSET + MEMORY_OFFSET + PAGE_SIZE, MEMORY_END);
     ba.insert(range);
 
     /*
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ fn init_frame_allocator() {
 /// Remap the kernel memory address with 4K page recorded in p1 page table
 #[cfg(not(feature = "no_mmu"))]
 fn remap_the_kernel(dtb: usize) {
-    let offset = -(KERN_VA_BASE as isize - MEMORY_OFFSET as isize);
+    let offset = -(KERNEL_OFFSET as isize - MEMORY_OFFSET as isize);
     let mut ms = MemorySet::new_bare();
     ms.push(stext as usize, etext as usize, Linear::new(offset, MemoryAttr::default().execute().readonly()), "text");
     ms.push(sdata as usize, edata as usize, Linear::new(offset, MemoryAttr::default()), "data");
diff --git a/kernel/src/drivers/bus/virtio_mmio.rs b/kernel/src/drivers/bus/virtio_mmio.rs
index c6046ac..0624d9b 100644
--- a/kernel/src/drivers/bus/virtio_mmio.rs
+++ b/kernel/src/drivers/bus/virtio_mmio.rs
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ use volatile::{ReadOnly, Volatile, WriteOnly};
 use crate::arch::memory;
 use crate::HEAP_ALLOCATOR;
 use crate::memory::active_table;
-use crate::arch::consts::{KERN_VA_BASE, MEMORY_OFFSET};
+use crate::arch::consts::{KERNEL_OFFSET, MEMORY_OFFSET};
 
 use super::super::block::virtio_blk;
 use super::super::gpu::virtio_gpu;
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ impl VirtIOVirtqueue {
 
         header.queue_num.write(queue_num as u32);
         header.queue_align.write(align as u32);
-        header.queue_pfn.write(((address - KERN_VA_BASE + MEMORY_OFFSET) as u32) >> 12);
+        header.queue_pfn.write(((address - KERNEL_OFFSET + MEMORY_OFFSET) as u32) >> 12);
 
         // link desc together
         let desc = unsafe { slice::from_raw_parts_mut(address as *mut VirtIOVirtqueueDesc, queue_num) };
@@ -140,14 +140,14 @@ impl VirtIOVirtqueue {
         let mut cur = self.free_head;
         for i in 0..output.len() {
             desc[cur].flags.write(VirtIOVirtqueueFlag::NEXT.bits());
-            desc[cur].addr.write(output[i].as_ptr() as u64 - KERN_VA_BASE as u64 + MEMORY_OFFSET as u64);
+            desc[cur].addr.write(output[i].as_ptr() as u64 - KERNEL_OFFSET as u64 + MEMORY_OFFSET as u64);
             desc[cur].len.write(output[i].len() as u32);
             prev = cur;
             cur = desc[cur].next.read() as usize;
         }
         for i in 0..input.len() {
             desc[cur].flags.write((VirtIOVirtqueueFlag::NEXT | VirtIOVirtqueueFlag::WRITE).bits());
-            desc[cur].addr.write(input[i].as_ptr() as u64 - KERN_VA_BASE as u64 + MEMORY_OFFSET as u64);
+            desc[cur].addr.write(input[i].as_ptr() as u64 - KERNEL_OFFSET as u64 + MEMORY_OFFSET as u64);
             desc[cur].len.write(input[i].len() as u32);
             prev = cur;
             cur = desc[cur].next.read() as usize;
diff --git a/kernel/src/drivers/gpu/virtio_gpu.rs b/kernel/src/drivers/gpu/virtio_gpu.rs
index cd87c31..104cf9c 100644
--- a/kernel/src/drivers/gpu/virtio_gpu.rs
+++ b/kernel/src/drivers/gpu/virtio_gpu.rs
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ use volatile::{ReadOnly, Volatile, WriteOnly};
 use crate::arch::cpu;
 use crate::HEAP_ALLOCATOR;
 use crate::memory::active_table;
-use crate::arch::consts::{KERN_VA_BASE, MEMORY_OFFSET};
+use crate::arch::consts::{KERNEL_OFFSET, MEMORY_OFFSET};
 
 use super::super::{DeviceType, Driver, DRIVERS};
 use super::super::bus::virtio_mmio::*;
@@ -253,7 +253,7 @@ fn setup_framebuffer(driver: &mut VirtIOGpu) {
         header: VirtIOGpuCtrlHdr::with_type(VIRTIO_GPU_CMD_RESOURCE_ATTACH_BACKING),
         resource_id: VIRTIO_GPU_RESOURCE_ID,
         nr_entries: 1,
-        addr: (frame_buffer - KERN_VA_BASE + MEMORY_OFFSET) as u64,
+        addr: (frame_buffer - KERNEL_OFFSET + MEMORY_OFFSET) as u64,
         length: size,
         padding: 0
     };