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@ -1,188 +1,182 @@
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"""
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个人财务管理系统
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作者：[你的名字]
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日期：2024年X月X日
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"""
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import json
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from datetime import datetime
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# 全局变量
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records = [] # 存储所有收支记录
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categories = ['餐饮', '交通', '购物', '娱乐', '工资', '奖金', '其他'] # 收支类别
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def load_data():
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"""从文件加载数据"""
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global records
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try:
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with open('finance_data.json', 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
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records = json.load(f)
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print("历史数据加载成功！")
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except FileNotFoundError:
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print("未找到历史数据，将创建新文件。")
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records = []
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def save_data():
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"""保存数据到文件"""
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with open('finance_data.json', 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
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json.dump(records, f, ensure_ascii=False, indent=2)
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print("数据已保存！")
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def add_record():
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"""添加收支记录"""
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print("\n--- 添加收支记录 ---")
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# 输入数据
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amount = float(input("请输入金额（正数为收入，负数为支出）："))
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print("可选类别：")
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for i, cat in enumerate(categories, 1):
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print(f"{i}. {cat}")
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cat_choice = int(input("请选择类别编号："))
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category = categories[cat_choice - 1] if 1 <= cat_choice <= len(categories) else "其他"
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note = input("请输入备注（可选）：")
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# 创建记录字典
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record = {
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'id': len(records) + 1,
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'date': datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M"),
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'amount': amount,
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'category': category,
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'note': note
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}
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records.append(record)
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print(f"记录添加成功！ID：{record['id']}")
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def query_records():
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"""查询收支记录"""
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print("\n--- 查询记录 ---")
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print("1. 查看所有记录")
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print("2. 按日期查询")
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print("3. 按类别查询")
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choice = input("请选择查询方式：")
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if choice == '1':
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display_records(records)
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elif choice == '2':
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date_str = input("请输入日期（YYYY-MM-DD）：")
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filtered = [r for r in records if r['date'].startswith(date_str)]
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display_records(filtered)
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elif choice == '3':
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print("可选类别：")
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for i, cat in enumerate(categories, 1):
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print(f"{i}. {cat}")
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cat_choice = int(input("请选择类别编号："))
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if 1 <= cat_choice <= len(categories):
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filtered = [r for r in records if r['category'] == categories[cat_choice - 1]]
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display_records(filtered)
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def display_records(record_list):
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"""显示记录列表"""
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if not record_list:
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print("没有找到相关记录。")
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return
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print(f"\n共找到 {len(record_list)} 条记录：")
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print("-" * 60)
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print(f"{'ID':<5}{'日期':<20}{'类别':<10}{'金额':<15}{'备注'}")
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print("-" * 60)
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total_income = 0
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total_expense = 0
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for record in record_list:
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amount = record['amount']
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if amount > 0:
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total_income += amount
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else:
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total_expense += abs(amount)
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print(f"{record['id']:<5}{record['date']:<20}"
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f"{record['category']:<10}{amount:<15.2f}{record['note']}")
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print("-" * 60)
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print(f"总收入：{total_income:.2f} | 总支出：{total_expense:.2f} | 结余：{total_income - total_expense:.2f}")
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def statistics():
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"""统计报表功能"""
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if not records:
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print("暂无数据可统计。")
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return
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print("\n--- 财务统计报表 ---")
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# 计算各类别支出
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expense_by_category = {}
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income_total = 0
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expense_total = 0
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for record in records:
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amount = record['amount']
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category = record['category']
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if amount > 0:
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income_total += amount
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else:
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expense_total += abs(amount)
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if category not in expense_by_category:
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expense_by_category[category] = 0
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expense_by_category[category] += abs(amount)
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# 显示统计结果
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print(f"记录总数：{len(records)}")
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print(f"总收入：{income_total:.2f}")
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print(f"总支出：{expense_total:.2f}")
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print(f"净结余：{income_total - expense_total:.2f}")
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print("\n支出类别分布：")
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if expense_by_category:
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for category, amount in expense_by_category.items():
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percentage = (amount / expense_total * 100) if expense_total > 0 else 0
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print(f" {category}: {amount:.2f} ({percentage:.1f}%)")
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def main_menu():
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"""主菜单"""
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load_data() # 启动时加载数据
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while True:
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print("\n" + "=" * 50)
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print(" 个人财务管理系统")
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print("=" * 50)
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print("1. 添加收支记录")
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print("2. 查询记录")
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print("3. 财务统计")
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print("4. 保存数据")
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print("5. 退出系统")
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choice = input("\n请选择操作（1-5）：")
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if choice == '1':
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add_record()
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elif choice == '2':
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query_records()
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elif choice == '3':
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statistics()
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elif choice == '4':
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save_data()
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elif choice == '5':
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save_data()
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print("感谢使用，再见！")
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break
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else:
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print("输入无效，请重新选择。")
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# 程序入口
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if __name__ == "__main__":
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import json
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from datetime import datetime
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# 全局变量
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records = [] # 存储所有收支记录
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categories = ['餐饮', '交通', '购物', '娱乐', '工资', '奖金', '其他'] # 收支类别
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def load_data():
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"""从文件加载数据"""
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global records
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try:
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with open('finance_data.json', 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
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records = json.load(f)
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print("历史数据加载成功！")
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except FileNotFoundError:
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print("未找到历史数据，将创建新文件。")
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records = []
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def save_data():
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"""保存数据到文件"""
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with open('finance_data.json', 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
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json.dump(records, f, ensure_ascii=False, indent=2)
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print("数据已保存！")
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def add_record():
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"""添加收支记录"""
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print("\n--- 添加收支记录 ---")
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# 输入数据
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amount = float(input("请输入金额（正数为收入，负数为支出）："))
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print("可选类别：")
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for i, cat in enumerate(categories, 1):
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print(f"{i}. {cat}")
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cat_choice = int(input("请选择类别编号："))
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category = categories[cat_choice - 1] if 1 <= cat_choice <= len(categories) else "其他"
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note = input("请输入备注（可选）：")
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# 创建记录字典
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record = {
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'id': len(records) + 1,
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'date': datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M"),
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'amount': amount,
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'category': category,
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'note': note
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}
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records.append(record)
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print(f"记录添加成功！ID：{record['id']}")
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def query_records():
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"""查询收支记录"""
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print("\n--- 查询记录 ---")
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print("1. 查看所有记录")
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print("2. 按日期查询")
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print("3. 按类别查询")
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choice = input("请选择查询方式：")
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if choice == '1':
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display_records(records)
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elif choice == '2':
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date_str = input("请输入日期（YYYY-MM-DD）：")
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filtered = [r for r in records if r['date'].startswith(date_str)]
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display_records(filtered)
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elif choice == '3':
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print("可选类别：")
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for i, cat in enumerate(categories, 1):
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print(f"{i}. {cat}")
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cat_choice = int(input("请选择类别编号："))
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if 1 <= cat_choice <= len(categories):
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filtered = [r for r in records if r['category'] == categories[cat_choice - 1]]
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display_records(filtered)
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def display_records(record_list):
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"""显示记录列表"""
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if not record_list:
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print("没有找到相关记录。")
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return
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print(f"\n共找到 {len(record_list)} 条记录：")
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print("-" * 60)
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print(f"{'ID':<5}{'日期':<20}{'类别':<10}{'金额':<15}{'备注'}")
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print("-" * 60)
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total_income = 0
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total_expense = 0
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for record in record_list:
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amount = record['amount']
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if amount > 0:
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total_income += amount
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else:
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total_expense += abs(amount)
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print(f"{record['id']:<5}{record['date']:<20}"
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f"{record['category']:<10}{amount:<15.2f}{record['note']}")
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print("-" * 60)
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print(f"总收入：{total_income:.2f} | 总支出：{total_expense:.2f} | 结余：{total_income - total_expense:.2f}")
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def statistics():
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"""统计报表功能"""
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if not records:
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print("暂无数据可统计。")
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return
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print("\n--- 财务统计报表 ---")
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# 计算各类别支出
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expense_by_category = {}
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income_total = 0
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expense_total = 0
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for record in records:
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amount = record['amount']
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category = record['category']
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if amount > 0:
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income_total += amount
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else:
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expense_total += abs(amount)
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if category not in expense_by_category:
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expense_by_category[category] = 0
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expense_by_category[category] += abs(amount)
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# 显示统计结果
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print(f"记录总数：{len(records)}")
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print(f"总收入：{income_total:.2f}")
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print(f"总支出：{expense_total:.2f}")
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print(f"净结余：{income_total - expense_total:.2f}")
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print("\n支出类别分布：")
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if expense_by_category:
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for category, amount in expense_by_category.items():
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percentage = (amount / expense_total * 100) if expense_total > 0 else 0
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print(f" {category}: {amount:.2f} ({percentage:.1f}%)")
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def main_menu():
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"""主菜单"""
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load_data() # 启动时加载数据
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while True:
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print("\n" + "=" * 50)
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print(" 个人财务管理系统")
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print("=" * 50)
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print("1. 添加收支记录")
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print("2. 查询记录")
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print("3. 财务统计")
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print("4. 保存数据")
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print("5. 退出系统")
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choice = input("\n请选择操作（1-5）：")
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if choice == '1':
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add_record()
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elif choice == '2':
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query_records()
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elif choice == '3':
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statistics()
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elif choice == '4':
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save_data()
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elif choice == '5':
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save_data()
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print("感谢使用，再见！")
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break
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else:
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print("输入无效，请重新选择。")
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# 程序入口
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if __name__ == "__main__":
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main_menu()
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