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<body for="html-export">
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<div class="mume markdown-preview ">
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<h1 class="mume-header" id="%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E8%B0%83%E7%94%A8%E7%9A%84%E8%AF%B4%E6%98%8E%E4%BB%A5%E5%8F%8A%E8%B0%83%E7%94%A8%E6%96%B9%E5%BC%8F">系统调用的说明以及调用方式</h1>
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<p>系统调用号存放在eax寄存器中, 参数一般不超过3个，分别储存在ebx、ecx、edx寄存器中。<br>
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返回值保存在eax中。</p>
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<p>主要参考了Linux 5.10 syscalls，详细请参见：<a href="https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man2/syscalls.2.html">https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man2/syscalls.2.html</a> ；也可以在实验用的Ubuntu虚拟机中用man命令查看，如man getdents。</p>
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<h2 class="mume-header" id="%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E8%B0%83%E7%94%A8execve2">系统调用execve2</h2>
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<pre data-role="codeBlock" data-info class="language-"><code>#define __NR_execve2 87
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int execve2(const char *path, char * argv[], char * envp[]);
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</code></pre><ul>
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<li>功能：以立即加载方式执行一个指定的程序。此系统调用结束后，进程运行时不应再发生代码段和数据段中的缺页故障。</li>
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<li>输入：
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<ul>
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<li>path: 待执行程序路径名称，</li>
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<li>argv: 程序的参数，</li>
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<li>envp: 环境变量的数组指针</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li>返回值：成功不返回，失败返回-1；</li>
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</ul>
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<h2 class="mume-header" id="%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E8%B0%83%E7%94%A8getdents">系统调用getdents</h2>
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<pre data-role="codeBlock" data-info class="language-"><code>#define __NR_getdents 88
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int getdents(unsigned int fd, struct linux_dirent *dirp, unsigned int count);
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</code></pre><ul>
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<li>功能：获取目录的目录项。</li>
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<li>输入：
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<ul>
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<li>fd：所要读取目录的文件描述符。</li>
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<li>dirp：一个缓存区，用于保存所读取目录的信息。缓存区的结构如下：</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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</ul>
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<pre data-role="codeBlock" data-info class="language-"><code> struct linux_dirent {
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long d_ino;
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off_t d_off;
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unsigned short d_reclen;
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char d_name[];
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};
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</code></pre><pre class="language-text">- count：dirp的大小。
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</pre>
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<ul>
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<li>返回值：成功执行，返回读取的字节数。当到目录结尾，则返回0。失败，则返回-1。</li>
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</ul>
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<h2 class="mume-header" id="%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E8%B0%83%E7%94%A8pipe2">系统调用pipe2</h2>
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<pre data-role="codeBlock" data-info class="language-"><code>#define __NR_pipe2 89
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int pipe2(int fd[2], int flags);
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</code></pre><ul>
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<li>功能：创建管道；</li>
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<li>输入：
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<ul>
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<li>fd[2]: 用于保存2个文件描述符。其中，fd[0]为管道的读出端，fd[1]为管道的写入端。</li>
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<li>flags: 标志；如果为0，则pipe2的行为与系统调用pipe相同。<br>
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*返回值：成功执行，返回0。失败，返回-1。</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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</ul>
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<h2 class="mume-header" id="%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E8%B0%83%E7%94%A8sleep">系统调用sleep</h2>
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<pre data-role="codeBlock" data-info class="language-"><code>#define __NR_sleep 90
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int sleep(unsigned int seconds);
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</code></pre><ul>
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<li>功能：执行进程睡眠；</li>
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<li>输入：睡眠的时间间隔；
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<ul>
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<li>seconds: 秒</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li>返回值：成功返回0，失败返回-1;</li>
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</ul>
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<h2 class="mume-header" id="%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E8%B0%83%E7%94%A8getcwd">系统调用getcwd</h2>
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<pre data-role="codeBlock" data-info class="language-"><code>#define __NR_getcwd 91
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long getcwd(char * buf, size_t size);
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</code></pre><ul>
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<li>功能：获取当前工作目录；</li>
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<li>输入：
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<ul>
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<li>char *buf：一块缓存区，用于保存当前工作目录的字符串。当buf设为NULL，由系统来分配缓存区。</li>
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<li>size：buf缓存区的大小。</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li>返回值：成功执行，则返回当前工作目录的字符串的指针。失败，则返回NULL。</li>
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</ul>
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<h2 class="mume-header" id="%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E8%B0%83%E7%94%A8mmap">系统调用mmap</h2>
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<pre data-role="codeBlock" data-info class="language-"><code>#define __NR_mmap 92
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long mmap(void *start, size_t len, int prot, int flags,
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int fd, off_t off);
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</code></pre><ul>
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<li>功能：将文件或设备映射到内存中；</li>
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<li>输入：
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<ul>
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<li>start: 映射起始位置</li>
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<li>len: 长度</li>
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<li>prot: 映射的内存保护方式，可取：PROT_EXEC, PROT_READ, PROT_WRITE, PROT_NONE</li>
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<li>flags: 映射是否与其他进程共享的标志，可取：MAP_FILE, MAP_SHARED, MAP_PRIVATE</li>
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<li>fd: 文件句柄</li>
|
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<li>off: 文件偏移量</li>
|
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</ul>
|
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</li>
|
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<li>返回值：成功返回已映射区域的指针，失败返回-1;</li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
<h2 class="mume-header" id="%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E8%B0%83%E7%94%A8munmap">系统调用munmap</h2>
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|
|
<pre data-role="codeBlock" data-info class="language-"><code>#define __NR_munmap 93
|
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int munmap(void * start, size_t len);
|
|
</code></pre><ul>
|
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<li>功能：将文件或设备取消映射到内存中；</li>
|
|
<li>输入：
|
|
<ul>
|
|
<li>start: 映射的指定地址</li>
|
|
<li>len: 区间长度</li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>返回值：成功返回0，失败返回-1;</li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
<h2 class="mume-header" id="%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E8%B0%83%E7%94%A8clone">系统调用clone</h2>
|
|
|
|
<pre data-role="codeBlock" data-info class="language-"><code>#define __NR_clone 94
|
|
int clone(int (*fn)(void *), void *child_stack, int flags, void *arg);
|
|
</code></pre><ul>
|
|
<li>功能：创建一个子进程；</li>
|
|
<li>输入：
|
|
<ul>
|
|
<li>fn: 子进程的主函数</li>
|
|
<li>child_stack: 指定新进程的栈，可为0。</li>
|
|
<li>flags: 创建的标志，如SIGCHLD、CLONE_VM，其中CLONE_VM表示子进程共享父进程的地址空间（除栈以外）。</li>
|
|
<li>arg: 主函数的参数</li>
|
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</ul>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>返回值：成功则返回子进程的线程ID，失败返回-1；</li>
|
|
</ul>
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</div>
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</body></html> |