python/py1.py

from email.mime import image
import re  #使用正则表达式分割获取弹幕
from tkinter import Image 
import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import jieba  #结巴分词pip install jieba 
import wordcloud  #制作词云图
import imageio
from wordcloud.wordcloud import np  #读取本地图片，修改词云图形

def get_outer_urls(n):
    '''
    【分页网址url采集】
    n：爬取页数
    结果：得到分页网址的list
    '''
    urllst = []
    #第一个分页网址
    urllst.append('https://search.bilibili.com/video?vt=77234042&keyword=2024%E5%B7%B4%E9%BB%8E%E5%A5%A5%E8%BF%90%E4%BC%9A&from_source=webtop_search&spm_id_from=333.1007&search_source=3')
    #其余分页网址
    for i in range(2,n+1):
        url = f'https://search.bilibili.com/video?vt=77234042&keyword=2024%E5%B7%B4%E9%BB%8E%E5%A5%A5%E8%BF%90%E4%BC%9A&from_source=webtop_search&spm_id_from=333.1007&search_source=3&page={i}&o={i*30-30}' 
        urllst.append(url)
    return urllst


def get_inter_urls(ui,d_h,d_c):
    '''
    【视频页面url采集】
    ui：视频信息网页url
    d_h：user-agent信息
    d_c：cookies信息
    结果：得到一个视频页面的list
    '''
    ri = requests.get(ui, headers = d_h, cookies = d_c)
    soupi = BeautifulSoup(ri.text, 'lxml')
    lis = soupi.find('div',class_="video-list row").find_all('div')
    lst = []
    i=0
    while i<len(lis):
        div_0=lis[i]
        #print(div_0)
        #print(type(div_0))
        url_inner=div_0.a
        if url_inner==None:  ####避免异常
            i=i+1
            continue
        lst.append('https:'+url_inner['href'])  ###得到完整网址
        i=i+1
    return lst


def get_data(ui,d_h,d_c):
    '''
    ui：视频页面网址
    d_h：user-agent信息
    d_c：cookies信息
    table：mongo集合对象
    '''  
    ###获取每个视频的弹幕网址
    ri = requests.get(url = ui, headers = d_h, cookies = d_c)
    soupi = BeautifulSoup(ri.text, 'lxml')
    cid = re.search(r'"cid":(\d*),', ri.text).group(1)
    cid_url = f"https://api.bilibili.com/x/v1/dm/list.so?oid={cid}" 
    
    ###利用正则表达式切割出弹幕并保存
    r2 = requests.get(cid_url,headers = dic_headers,cookies =dic_cookies)
    r2.encoding = r2.apparent_encoding
    dmlst = re.findall('<d p=".*?">(.*?)</d>',r2.text)  
    
    ###将每个弹幕写入文件，并记录数量
    n = 0
    for index in dmlst:
        with open('D:/弹幕.txt','a',encoding='UTF-8') as f:
            f.write(index)
            f.write('\n')
        n+=1
   
    return n  


if __name__ == '__main__':

    ###获取headers和cookies，伪装成浏览器访问网页
    dic_headers = {"User-Agent":"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/128.0.0.0 Safari/537.36 Edg/128.0.0.0"}
    cookies = "buvid4=DCB17204-EBFC-9664-4E97-3795181B43A418148-022080117-DNbKVr13tEGcPKkOr4lL%2Fg%3D%3D; buvid3=CDE73727-EF10-ED0B-4A16-BA5D759B014208137infoc; b_nut=1698373908; _uuid=16CA10BCD-10538-D8310-8ABA-85D99510C966509403infoc; rpdid=|(u))kkYu|~Y0J'u~uJ|mYlYu; fingerprint=160ca50e14386abcf76b36d0fdd4b02d; buvid_fp_plain=undefined; buvid_fp=160ca50e14386abcf76b36d0fdd4b02d; header_theme_version=CLOSE; enable_web_push=DISABLE; home_feed_column=5; browser_resolution=1455-755; CURRENT_FNVAL=4048; bili_ticket=eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsImtpZCI6InMwMyIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9.eyJleHAiOjE3MjY3Mzc4NjQsImlhdCI6MTcyNjQ3ODYwNCwicGx0IjotMX0.VqGzlkNCgqurTbc0ruEj0IDl8eqJBRRhBq86ARF3Kfk; bili_ticket_expires=1726737804; bp_t_offset_1323959786=977791090671222784; b_lsid=6D45B513_191FE02FA1B; bsource=search_bing; SESSDATA=009ba743%2C1742100653%2C4a273%2A92CjAuo1OGrcH-PW3p0fHH1AKVrtbV3FsE-4oxnyl2hYcGWvzUpi1fSUrIGfYRLBOiSS8SVlhVZmxWSy1QS2ZuWGRpbDRWNjdHZmNKVVpNYjcwOEJ1UjI1R0JJNnZVTUZTczNaUmlPbk1jMlZKQnBFMEJzVmotbV9RcXdfVEVhVFloMzNBd01nYS1RIIEC; bili_jct=4314c0fd203c95101efcce860ce01817; DedeUserID=1323959786; DedeUserID__ckMd5=7e17b1885b370fe5; sid=omn05a3k"
    dic_cookies = {}
    for i in cookies.split("; "):
        dic_cookies[i.split("=")[0]] = i.split("=")[1]


    urllst = get_outer_urls(10) #获取前10页的网址
    u1 = urllst[0] #获取第一页的全部30个视频url
    url_inter = get_inter_urls(u1,dic_headers,dic_cookies) #获取第一个视频的url
    
    ###记录弹幕总数
    count = 0

    ###避免异常
    m=0

    for u in url_inter:
        if m!=0:
            m+=1
            if m==5:
                m=0
            continue
        m+=1
        count += get_data(u,dic_headers,dic_cookies)
        print(f'数据采集并存入成功，总共采集{count}条数据')

###修改词云图形        
img=imageio.imread('D:/2.png')

f1=open('D:/弹幕.txt','r',encoding='UTF-8')
text=f1.read()

text_list=jieba.lcut(text)
#print(text_list)
text_str=' '.join(text_list)

wc=wordcloud.WordCloud(
    ###设置词云图参数
    width=1000,
    height=800,
    background_color='white',
    mask=img,
    font_path='C:\Windows\Fonts\FZSTK.TTF',###字体
    stopwords={'了','的','是','我','啊','就','这','你','也','有','都','吗'}###屏蔽词
)

wc.generate(text_str)
wc.to_file('D:/词云3.png')

f1.close()