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import itertools
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import re
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import time
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from collections import Counter
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from multiprocessing import Pool
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from random import random
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import requests
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from fake_useragent import UserAgent
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from openpyxl import Workbook
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from bilibili_api import video
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import asyncio
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import configparser
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# 定义一些参数
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uA = UserAgent()
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BVs = [] # 存储bv号
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counts = Counter()
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header = { # 从浏览器中复制下请求头
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'Accept': 'application/json, text/plain, */*', # 接受的响应类型，包括 JSON、纯文本和所有其他类型
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'Accept-Encoding': 'gzip, deflate, br', # 支持的编码方式，包括 gzip、deflate 和 br
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'Accept-Language': 'zh-CN,zh;q=0.9', # 接受的语言，优先考虑简体中文
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'Origin': 'https://search.bilibili.com', # 请求的起始地址
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'Referer': 'https://search.bilibili.com/all?vt=17031316&keyword=2024%E5%B7%B4%E9%BB%8E%E5%A5%A5%E8%BF%90%E4%BC%9A', # 请求的来源页面地址
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'Sec-Ch-Ua': '"Chromium";v="128", "Not;A=Brand";v="24", "Microsoft Edge";v="128"', # 客户端的浏览器信息
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'Sec-Ch-Ua-Mobile': '?0', # 客户端是否是移动设备，0 表示不是
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'Sec-Ch-Ua-Platform': '"Windows"', # 客户端的操作系统平台
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'Sec-Fetch-Dest': 'empty', # 请求的目标类型
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'Sec-Fetch-Mode': 'cors', # 请求模式，表示跨域资源共享（CORS）
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'Sec-Fetch-Site': 'same-site', # 请求的来源网站，表示请求是来自同一站点
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'User-Agent': uA.random # 用户代理信息，`uA.random` 是一个随机生成的用户代理字符串
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}
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header1 = {
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'UserAgent': uA.random
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}
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def get_Response(html_Url, h=header):
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try:
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response = requests.get(html_Url, headers=h)
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response.raise_for_status()
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response.encoding = 'utf-8'
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return response
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except requests.exceptions.RequestException as e:
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print(f"请求网页发生错误，错误信息：{e}")
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time.sleep(1)
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return None
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# 从B站搜索栏中找排名前total_Num的视频，爬取他们的BV号，target为搜索内容,step为一页读取的视频数，默认为30
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def get_Target_Video(arg):
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page, target, step, Cookie = arg
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header['Cookie'] = Cookie
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params = { # 针对搜索栏，从浏览器中复制参数调用api
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'__refresh__': 'true',
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'_extra': '',
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'context': '',
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'page': page,
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'page_size': step, # 设置一页读取step个视频
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'from_source': '',
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'from_spmid': '333.337',
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'platform': 'pc',
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'highlight': '1',
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'single_column': '0',
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'keyword': target, # 此处是搜索内容
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'qv_id': '00d1q7iUbrvfsPdFZv2zXXtDqfcWuzER',
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'ad_resource': '5654',
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'source_tag': '3',
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'gaia_vtoken': '',
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'category_id': '',
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'search_type': 'video',
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'dynamic_offset': (step + 1) * (page - 1),
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'web_location': '1430654',
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'w_rid': 'f879864ca2210cc6a911552ceacadd6e',
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'wts': '1693922979'
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}
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api_Url = "https://api.bilibili.com/x/web-interface/wbi/search/type" # 搜索栏的api
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print(f"开始爬取第{page}页视频")
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response = requests.get(api_Url, params, headers=header)
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if response.ok:
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content = response.text
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#print(content)
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match_Text = r'"bvid":"([^"]+)"'
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print(f"已爬取第{page}页视频")
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return re.findall(match_Text, content)
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else:
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print(f"请求网页失败,状态码：{response.status_code},可能是Cookie有误")
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return list()
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# 根据bvid请求得到cid
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def get_Cid(bvid):
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# 视频地址：https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1PK4y1b7dt?t=1
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url = f'https://api.bilibili.com/x/player/pagelist?bvid={bvid}'
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# 转换接送类型，便于获取cid号
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res = requests.get(url).json()
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# 将获取的网页json编码字符串转换为python对象，字典类型
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cid = res["data"][0]['cid']
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return cid
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def get_Danmu(BV): # 对于一个BV号，将其分析为cid，后进入弹幕网站并爬取弹幕进行分析
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try:
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# 使用事件循环执行异步的 get_Cid 方法
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cid = asyncio.get_event_loop().run_until_complete(get_Cid(BV))
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if not cid:
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print(f"未能解析到 cid: {BV}")
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return None
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print(f"正在解析cid:{cid}的弹幕")
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danmu_Url = f"https://api.bilibili.com/x/v1/dm/list.so?oid={cid}.xml"
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content = get_Response(danmu_Url, header1)
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if not content:
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print(f"获取弹幕内容失败, BV号: {BV}")
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return None
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# 解析弹幕内容
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match_Text = r'<d[^>]*>([^<]+)</d>'
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matches = re.findall(match_Text, content.text) # 爬取到的弹幕全部存储在列表中
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new_Counts = Counter(matches) # 利用 counter 库对弹幕进行计数，统计每条弹幕的出现次数
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return new_Counts
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except AttributeError as e:
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print(f"出现属性错误: {e}")
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return None # 如果 get_Cid() 返回 None，跳过，报错已经在 get_Cid 中进行了
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def main():
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# Step 1：利用线程池找到前综合排序前300个视频
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print("Step 1: 利用线程池找到前综合排序前300个视频")
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pool = Pool(10)
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# 得到一个list，其每个元素为装着bv号的list
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args = []
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for i in range(1, (total_Num // step) + 1):
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args.append((i, target, step, Cookie))
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bv = pool.map(get_Target_Video, args)
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BVs = list(itertools.chain(*bv)) # 将得到的列表整合到一起
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pool.close()
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pool.join()
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# print(BVs)
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# Step 2：利用线程池对每一个视频的弹幕进行分析并分析频率
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print("Step 2: 利用线程池对每一个视频的弹幕进行爬取并分析频率")
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pool = Pool(max_Processing_Num) # 线程太多会403、412，少用一些线程
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all_counts = pool.map(get_Danmu, BVs)
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for count in all_counts:
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counts.update(count)
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print("分析完成,正在导入Excel....")
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pool.close()
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pool.join()
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# Step 3: 取出现次数前8的弹幕，将他导入Excel
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print("Step 3: 取出现次数前8的弹幕，将他导入Excel")
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Top_8_Count = counts.most_common(8)
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all_counts = counts.most_common()
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# 创建一个新的 Excel 工作簿
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workbook = Workbook()
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worksheet1 = workbook.active
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worksheet1.title = "Top 8"
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# 将出现次数前 8 多的元素和计数器写入 Excel 表格中
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for row, (item, count) in enumerate(Top_8_Count, start=1):
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worksheet1.cell(row=row, column=1, value=item)
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worksheet1.cell(row=row, column=2, value=count)
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# 在第二页保存所有弹幕留档
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worksheet2 = workbook.create_sheet(title="所有弹幕")
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for row, (item, count) in enumerate(all_counts, start=1):
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worksheet2.cell(row=row, column=1, value=item)
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worksheet2.cell(row=row, column=2, value=count)
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# 保存 Excel 工作簿
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workbook.save('output/Top8_danmu.xlsx')
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print("导入完成！")
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import configparser
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if __name__ == "__main__":
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config = configparser.ConfigParser()
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# 读取配置文件时指定编码为 'utf-8'
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try:
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with open('config/config.ini', encoding='utf-8') as f:
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config.read_file(f)
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except UnicodeDecodeError as e:
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print(f"读取配置文件时发生编码错误: {e}")
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# 这里可以选择其他编码或采取其他措施
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exit(1)
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config_Section_Name = "CR_DEFAULT"
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# 获取配置项
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target = config.get(config_Section_Name, 'target', fallback="2024巴黎奥运会")
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total_Num = config.getint(config_Section_Name, 'total_Num', fallback=300)
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step = config.getint(config_Section_Name, 'step', fallback=30)
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max_Processing_Num = config.getint(config_Section_Name, 'max_Processing_Num', fallback=2)
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Cookie = config.get(config_Section_Name, 'Cookie',
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fallback='buvid4=99B52D59-84E1-D6E5-3334-00A5ABF5485951328-023051720-QsQqaACvYRbeH92Bxo5wCA%3D%3D; enable_web_push=DISABLE; header_theme_version=CLOSE; _uuid=FE44153E-EED7-BA1F-B241-10F7389A82B2B15963infoc; buvid3=46549500-1464-AD65-9582-A44F9C4A512231965infoc; b_nut=1720278731; DedeUserID=357687474; DedeUserID__ckMd5=611d95a70851412a; buvid_fp_plain=undefined; PVID=1; CURRENT_QUALITY=64; CURRENT_FNVAL=4048; rpdid=|(JlklRl)~Yu0Ju~kYuJkk)); SESSDATA=58accf91%2C1741958959%2Ce9f13%2A92CjCG0FTU3yXRKTjvmpd9wl7RXlqJ6qUlwhLziQUN_oRfPs8uPa7egHmLWm8l6qhWVxUSVmcxM0ZYbUM3LUhiYkwxckVKNFA4aDNoWFQ0cWR3clROMnZvR1YwRXBTcDN4WWM4aWZrT2RRUlBkZ2haMVJzbGx0N0JZT1VLNWpmZUJTajJHeHE0TnBRIIEC; bili_jct=29dfdcaafd6930788ec4b9d06acc07cd; bili_ticket=eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsImtpZCI6InMwMyIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9.eyJleHAiOjE3MjY2NjYzMjUsImlhdCI6MTcyNjQwNzA2NSwicGx0IjotMX0.xjzf0c6AFp5o6yLJ6ahcJvyGwJZHK-NDBZsmlX0F6As; bili_ticket_expires=1726666265; fingerprint=556cd93cd4317211728f459c230e65c0; bsource=search_bing; home_feed_column=5; browser_resolution=1482-787; bp_t_offset_357687474=977795428588191744; sid=6jfn4n6l; buvid_fp=556cd93cd4317211728f459c230e65c0; b_lsid=D64E4486_191FB90E96C')
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# 确保 header 字典已初始化
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header = {}
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header['Cookie'] = Cookie
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main()
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