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---
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title: 使用 Docker Compose 部署
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description: 使用 Docker Compose 部署
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---
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:::info
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在继续操作之前,我们推荐您先阅读[《写在前面》](../prepare.md),这可以快速帮助你了解 Halo。
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:::
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## 环境搭建
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- Docker 安装文档:<https://docs.docker.com/get-docker/>
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- Docker Compose 安装文档:<https://docs.docker.com/compose/install/>
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:::tip
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我们推荐按照 Docker 官方文档安装 Docker 和 Docker Compose,因为部分 Linux 发行版软件仓库中的 Docker 版本可能过旧。
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:::
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## 创建容器组
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可用的 Halo 2.0.1 的 Docker 镜像:
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- [halohub/halo](https://hub.docker.com/r/halohub/halo)
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- [ghcr.io/halo-dev/halo](https://github.com/halo-dev/halo/pkgs/container/halo)
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:::info 注意
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目前 Halo 2.0 并未更新 Docker 的 latest 标签镜像,主要因为 2.0 不兼容 1.x 版本,防止使用者误操作。我们推荐使用固定版本的标签,比如 `halohub/halo:2.0.1`。
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:::
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1. 在系统任意位置创建一个文件夹,此文档以 `~/halo` 为例。
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```bash
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mkdir ~/halo && cd ~/halo
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```
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:::info
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注意:后续操作中,Halo 产生的所有数据都会保存在这个目录,请妥善保存。
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:::
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2. 创建 `docker-compose.yaml`
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此文档提供两种场景的 Docker Compose 配置文件,请根据你的需要选择一种。
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:::info
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需要注意的是,此文档为了更加方便的管理配置,所有与 Halo 相关的配置都使用 Docker 环境变量代替,所以无需创建 application.yaml 文件。
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:::
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1. 创建 Halo + PostgreSQL 的实例:
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```yaml {18-28,46} title="~/halo/docker-compose.yaml"
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version: "3"
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services:
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halo:
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image: halohub/halo:2.0.1
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container_name: halo
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restart: on-failure:3
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depends_on:
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halodb:
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condition: service_healthy
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networks:
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halo_network:
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volumes:
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- ./:/root/.halo2
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ports:
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- "8090:8090"
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environment:
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- SPRING_R2DBC_URL=r2dbc:pool:postgresql://halodb/halo
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- SPRING_R2DBC_USERNAME=halo
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# PostgreSQL 的密码,请保证与下方 POSTGRES_PASSWORD 的变量值一致。
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- SPRING_R2DBC_PASSWORD=openpostgresql
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- SPRING_SQL_INIT_PLATFORM=postgresql
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# 外部访问地址,请根据实际需要修改
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- HALO_EXTERNAL_URL=http://localhost:8090/
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# 初始化的超级管理员用户名
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- HALO_SECURITY_INITIALIZER_SUPERADMINUSERNAME=admin
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# 初始化的超级管理员密码
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- HALO_SECURITY_INITIALIZER_SUPERADMINPASSWORD=P@88w0rd
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halodb:
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image: postgres:latest
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container_name: halodb
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restart: on-failure:3
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networks:
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halo_network:
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volumes:
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- ./db:/var/lib/postgresql/data
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ports:
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- "5432:5432"
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healthcheck:
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test: [ "CMD", "pg_isready" ]
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interval: 10s
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timeout: 5s
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retries: 5
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environment:
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- POSTGRES_PASSWORD=openpostgresql
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- POSTGRES_USER=halo
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- POSTGRES_DB=halo
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networks:
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halo_network:
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```
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2. 创建 Halo + MySQL 的实例:
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```yaml
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version: "3"
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services:
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halo:
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image: halohub/halo:2.0.1
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container_name: halo
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restart: on-failure:3
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depends_on:
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halodb:
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condition: service_healthy
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networks:
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halo_network:
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volumes:
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- ./:/root/.halo2
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ports:
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- "8090:8090"
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environment:
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- SPRING_R2DBC_URL=r2dbc:pool:mysql://halodb:3306/halo
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- SPRING_R2DBC_USERNAME=root
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# MySQL 的密码,请保证与下方 MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD 的变量值一致。
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- SPRING_R2DBC_PASSWORD=o#DwN&JSa56
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- SPRING_SQL_INIT_PLATFORM=mysql
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# 外部访问地址,请根据实际需要修改
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- HALO_EXTERNAL_URL=http://localhost:8090/
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# 初始化的超级管理员用户名
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- HALO_SECURITY_INITIALIZER_SUPERADMINUSERNAME=admin
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# 初始化的超级管理员密码
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- HALO_SECURITY_INITIALIZER_SUPERADMINPASSWORD=P@88w0rd
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halodb:
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image: mysql:8.0.27
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container_name: halodb
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restart: on-failure:3
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networks:
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halo_network:
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command: --default-authentication-plugin=mysql_native_password
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--character-set-server=utf8mb4
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--collation-server=utf8mb4_general_ci
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--explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true
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volumes:
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- ./mysql:/var/lib/mysql
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- ./mysqlBackup:/data/mysqlBackup
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ports:
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- "3306:3306"
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healthcheck:
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test: ["CMD", "mysqladmin", "ping", "-h", "127.0.0.1", "--silent"]
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interval: 3s
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retries: 5
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start_period: 30s
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environment:
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# 请修改此密码,并对应修改上方 Halo 服务的 SPRING_R2DBC_PASSWORD 变量值
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- MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=o#DwN&JSa56
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- MYSQL_DATABASE=halo
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networks:
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halo_network:
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```
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3. 仅创建 Halo 实例(使用默认的 H2 数据库,**不推荐用于生产环境,建议体验和测试的时候使用**):
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```yaml {13-20} title="~/halo/docker-compose.yaml"
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version: "3"
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services:
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halo:
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image: halohub/halo:2.0.1
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container_name: halo
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restart: on-failure:3
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volumes:
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- ./:/root/.halo2
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ports:
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- "8090:8090"
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environment:
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# 外部访问地址,请根据实际需要修改
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- HALO_EXTERNAL_URL=http://localhost:8090/
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# 初始化的超级管理员用户名
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- HALO_SECURITY_INITIALIZER_SUPERADMINUSERNAME=admin
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# 初始化的超级管理员密码
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- HALO_SECURITY_INITIALIZER_SUPERADMINPASSWORD=P@88w0rd
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```
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3. 启动 Halo 服务
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```bash
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docker-compose up -d
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```
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实时查看日志:
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```bash
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docker-compose logs -f
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```
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4. 用浏览器访问 `$HALO_EXTERNAL_URL/console/`(外部访问链接)即可进入 Halo 管理端。管理员用户名为 `admin`,登录密码为上方设置的 `HALO_SECURITY_INITIALIZER_SUPERADMINPASSWORD`。
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:::tip
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如果需要配置域名访问,建议先配置好反向代理以及域名解析再进行初始化。如果通过 `http://ip:端口号` 的形式无法访问,请到服务器厂商后台将运行的端口号添加到安全组,如果服务器使用了 Linux 面板,请检查此 Linux 面板是否有还有安全组配置,需要同样将端口号添加到安全组。
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:::
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## 更新容器组
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1. 停止运行中的容器组
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```bash
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cd ~/halo && docker-compose down
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```
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2. 备份数据(重要)
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```bash
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cp -r ~/halo ~/halo.archive
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```
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> 需要注意的是,`halo.archive` 文件名不一定要根据此文档命名,这里仅仅是个示例。
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3. 更新 Halo 服务
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修改 `docker-compose.yaml` 中配置的镜像版本。
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```yaml {3}
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services:
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halo:
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image: halohub/halo:2.0.1
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container_name: halo
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```
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```bash
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docker-compose pull
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```
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```bash
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docker-compose up -d
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```
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## 反向代理
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你可以在下面的反向代理软件中任选一项,我们假设你已经安装好了其中一项,并对其的基本操作有一定了解。如果你对 Nginx 不熟悉,我们推荐使用 [OneinStack](../install/other/oneinstack.md) 来管理 Nginx。
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### Nginx
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```nginx {2,7,10}
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upstream halo {
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server 127.0.0.1:8090;
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}
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server {
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listen 80;
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listen [::]:80;
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server_name www.yourdomain.com;
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client_max_body_size 1024m;
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location / {
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proxy_pass http://halo;
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proxy_set_header HOST $host;
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proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
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proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
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proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
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}
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}
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```
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### Caddy 2
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```txt {1,5}
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www.yourdomain.com
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encode gzip
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reverse_proxy 127.0.0.1:8090
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```
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