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---
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title: Todo List
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description: 这个例子展示了如何开发 Todo List 插件
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---
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本示例用于展示如何从插件模板创建一个插件并写一个 Todo List:
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首先通过模板仓库创建一个插件,例如叫 `halo-plugin-todolist`
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## 配置你的插件
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1. 修改 `build.gradle` 中的 `group` 为你自己的,如:
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```groovy
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group = 'run.halo.tutorial'
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```
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2. 修改 `settings.gradle` 中的 `rootProject.name`
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```groovy
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rootProject.name = 'halo-plugin-todolist'
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```
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3. 修改插件的描述文件 `plugin.yaml`,它位于 `src/main/resources/plugin.yaml`。示例:
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```yaml
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apiVersion: plugin.halo.run/v1alpha1
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kind: Plugin
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metadata:
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name: todolist
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spec:
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enabled: true
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requires: ">=2.0.0"
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author:
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name: halo-dev
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website: https://halo.run
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logo: https://halo.run/logo
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homepage: https://github.com/guqing/halo-plugin-hello-world
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displayName: "插件 Todo List"
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description: "插件开发的 hello world,用于学习如何开发一个简单的 Halo 插件"
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license:
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- name: "MIT"
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```
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参考链接:
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- [SemVer expression](https://github.com/zafarkhaja/jsemver#semver-expressions-api-ranges)
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- [表单定义](../form-schema.md)
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此时我们已经准备好了可以开发一个 TodoList 插件的一切,下面让我们正式进入 TodoList 插件开发教程。
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## 运行插件
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为了看到效果,首先我们需要让插件能最简单的运行起来。
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1. 在 `src/main/java` 下创建包,如 `run.halo.tutorial`,在创建一个类 `TodoListPlugin`,它继承自 `BasePlugin` 类内容如下:
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```java
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package run.halo.tutorial;
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import org.pf4j.PluginWrapper;
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import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
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import run.halo.app.plugin.BasePlugin;
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@Component
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public class TodoListPlugin extends BasePlugin {
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public TodoListPlugin(PluginWrapper wrapper) {
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super(wrapper);
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}
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}
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```
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`src/main/java` 下的文件结构如下:
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```text
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.
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└── run
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└── halo
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└── tutorial
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└── TodoListPlugin.java
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```
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然后在项目目录执行命令
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```shell
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./gradlew build
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```
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使用 `IntelliJ IDEA` 打开 Halo,参考 [Halo 开发环境运行](../core/run.md) 及 [插件入门](../hello-world.md) 配置插件的运行模式和路径:
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```yaml
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halo:
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plugin:
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runtime-mode: development
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fixed-plugin-path:
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# 配置为插件绝对路径
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- /Users/guqing/halo-plugin-todolist
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```
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启动 Halo,然后访问 `http://localhost:8090/console`
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在插件列表将能看到插件已经被正确启用
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![plugin-todolist-in-list-view](/img/todolist-in-list.png)
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## 创建一个自定义模型
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我们希望 TodoList 能够被持久化以避免重启后数据丢失,因此需要创建一个自定义模型来进行数据持久化。
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首先创建一个 `class` 名为 `Todo` 并写入如下内容:
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```java
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package run.halo.tutorial;
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import static io.swagger.v3.oas.annotations.media.Schema.RequiredMode.REQUIRED;
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import io.swagger.v3.oas.annotations.media.Schema;
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import lombok.Data;
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import lombok.EqualsAndHashCode;
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import run.halo.app.extension.AbstractExtension;
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import run.halo.app.extension.GVK;
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@Data
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@EqualsAndHashCode(callSuper = true)
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@GVK(kind = "Todo", group = "todo.plugin.halo.run",
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version = "v1alpha1", singular = "todo", plural = "todos")
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public class Todo extends AbstractExtension {
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@Schema(requiredMode = REQUIRED)
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private TodoSpec spec;
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@Data
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public static class TodoSpec {
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@Schema(requiredMode = REQUIRED, minLength = 1)
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private String title;
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@Schema(defaultValue = "false")
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private Boolean done;
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}
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}
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```
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然后在 `TodoListPlugin` 的 `start` 生命周期方法中注册此自定义模型到 Halo 中。
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```diff
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// ...
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+ import run.halo.app.extension.SchemeManager;
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@Component
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public class TodoListPlugin extends BasePlugin {
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+ private final SchemeManager schemeManager;
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- public TodoListPlugin(PluginWrapper wrapper) {
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+ public TodoListPlugin(PluginWrapper wrapper, SchemeManager schemeManager) {
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super(wrapper);
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+ this.schemeManager = schemeManager;
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}
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@Override
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public void start() {
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+ // 插件启动时注册自定义模型
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+ schemeManager.register(Todo.class);
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System.out.println("Hello world 插件启动了!");
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}
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@Override
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public void stop() {
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+ // 插件停用时取消注册自定义模型
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+ Scheme todoScheme = schemeManager.get(Todo.class);
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+ schemeManager.unregister(todoScheme);
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System.out.println("Hello world 被停止!");
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}
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// ....
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}
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```
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然后 build 项目,重启 Halo,访问 `http://localhost:8090/swagger-ui.html`,
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可以找到如下 Todo APIs:
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![hello world plugin swagger api for toto](/img/halo-plugin-hello-world-todo-swagger-api.png)
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由于所有以 `/api` 和 `/apis` 开头的 APIs 都需要认证才能访问,因此先在 Swagger UI 界面顶部点击 `Authorize` 认证,然后尝试访问
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`GET /apis/todo.plugin.halo.run/v1alpha1/todos` 可以看到如下结果:
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```json
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{
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"page": 0,
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"size": 0,
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"total": 0,
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"items": [],
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"first": true,
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"last": true,
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"hasNext": false,
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"hasPrevious": false,
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"totalPages": 1
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}
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```
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至此我们完成了一个自定义模型的创建和使用插件生命周期方法实现了自定义模型的注册和删除,下一步我们将编写用户界面,使用这些 APIs 完成 TodoList 功能。
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## 编写用户界面
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### 目标
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我们希望实现如下的用户界面:
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- 在左侧菜单添加一个名为 `Todo List` 的菜单项,它属于一个`工具`的组。
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- 内容页为一个简单的 Todo List,它实现以下功能:
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- 添加 `Todo item`
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- 将一个 `Todo item` 标记为完成,也可以取消完成状态
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- 列表有三个 `Tab` 可供切换,用于过滤数据展示
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![todo user interface](/img/todo-ui.png)
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### 实现
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使用模板仓库创建的项目中与 `src` 目录同级有一个 `console` 目录,它即为用户界面的源码目录。
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在实现用户界面前我们需要先修改 `console/vite.config.ts` 中的 `pluginName` 为 `plugin.yaml` 中的 `metadata.name`,它用来标识此用户界面所属于插件名 pluginName 标识的插件,以便 Halo 加载 console 目录打包产生的文件。
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修改完成后执行
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```groovy
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./gradlew build
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```
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修改前端项目不需要重启 Halo,只需要 build 然后刷新页面,此时能看到多出来一个菜单项:
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![hello-world-in-plugin-list](/img/plugin-hello-world.png)
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而我们需要实现的目标中也需要一个菜单项,所以直接修改它即可。
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打开 `console/src/index.ts` 文件,修改如下:
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```diff
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export default definePlugin({
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- name: "PluginStarter",
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+ name: "plugin-hello-world",
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components: [],
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routes: [
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{
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parentName: "Root",
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route: {
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- path: "/example",
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+ path: "/todos", // TodoList 的路由 path
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children: [
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{
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path: "",
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- name: "Example",
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+ name: "TodoList",// 菜单标识名
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component: DefaultView,
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meta: {
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- permissions: ["plugin:apples:view"],
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- title: "示例页面",
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+ title: "Todo List",//菜单页的浏览器 tab 标题
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searchable: true,
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menu: {
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- name: "示例页面",
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+ name: "Todo List",// TODO 菜单显示名称
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- group: "示例分组",
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= group: "工具",// 所在组名
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icon: markRaw(IconGrid),
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priority: 0,
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},
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},
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},
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],
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},
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},
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],
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extensionPoints: {},
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activated() {},
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deactivated() {},
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});
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```
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完成此步骤后 Console 左侧菜单多了一个名 `工具` 的组,其下有 `Todo List`,浏览器标签页名称也是 `Todo List`。
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接来下我们需要在右侧内容区域实现 [目标](#目标) 中图示的 Todo 样式,为了快速上手,我们使用 [todomvc](https://todomvc.com/examples/vue/) 提供的 Vue 标准实现。
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编辑 `console/src/views/DefaultView.vue` 文件,清空它的内容,并拷贝 [examples/#todomvc](https://vuejs.org/examples/#todomvc) 的所有代码粘贴到此文件中,并执行以下步骤:
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1. `cd console` 切换到 `console` 目录。
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2. ` pnpm install todomvc-app-css `。
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3. 修改 `console/src/views/DefaultView.vue` 最底部的 `style` 标签。
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```diff
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- <style>
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+ <style scoped>
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- @import "https://unpkg.com/todomvc-app-css@2.4.1/index.css";
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+ @import "todomvc-app-css/index.css";
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</style>
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```
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4. 重新 Build 后刷新页面,便能看到目标图所示效果。
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通过以上步骤就实现了一个 Todo List 的用户界面功能,但 `Todo` 数据只是被临时存放到了 `LocalStorage` 中,下一步我们将通过自定义模型生成的 APIs 来让用户界面与服务端交互。
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### 与服务端数据交互
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本章节我们将通过使用 `Axios` 来完成与插件后端 APIs 进行数据交互,文档参考 [axios-http](https://axios-http.com/docs)。
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首先需要安装 `Axios`, 在 console 目录下执行命令:
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```shell
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pnpm install axios
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```
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为了符合最佳实践,将用 TypeScript 改造之前的 todomvc 示例:
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1. 创建 types 文件 `console/src/types/index.ts`
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```typescript
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export interface Metadata {
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name: string;
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labels?: {
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[key: string]: string;
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} | null;
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annotations?: {
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[key: string]: string;
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} | null;
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version?: number | null;
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creationTimestamp?: string | null;
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deletionTimestamp?: string | null;
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}
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export interface TodoSpec {
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title: string;
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done?: boolean;
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}
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/**
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* 与自定义模型 Todo 对应
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*/
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export interface Todo {
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spec: TodoSpec;
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apiVersion: "todo.plugin.halo.run/v1alpha1"; // apiVersion=自定义模型的 group/version
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kind: "Todo"; // Todo 自定义模型中 @GVK 注解中的 kind
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metadata: Metadata;
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}
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/**
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* Todo 自定义模型生成 list API 所对应的类型
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*/
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export interface TodoList {
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page: number;
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size: number;
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total: number;
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items: Array<Todo>;
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first: boolean;
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last: boolean;
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hasNext: boolean;
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hasPrevious: boolean;
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totalPages: number;
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}
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```
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编辑 `console/src/views/DefaultView.vue` 文件,将所有内容替换为如下写法:
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```typescript
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<script setup lang="ts">
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import axios from "axios";
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import type { Todo, TodoList } from "../types";
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import { computed, onMounted, ref } from "vue";
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const http = axios.create({
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baseURL: "/",
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timeout: 1000,
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});
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interface Tab {
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label: string;
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}
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const todos = ref<TodoList>({
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page: 1,
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size: 20,
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total: 0,
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items: [],
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first: true,
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last: false,
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hasNext: false,
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hasPrevious: false,
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totalPages: 0,
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});
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const tabs = [
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{
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label: "All",
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},
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{
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label: "Active",
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},
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{
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label: "Completed",
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},
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];
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const activeTab = ref("All");
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/**
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* 列表展示的数据
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*/
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const todoList = computed(() => {
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if (activeTab.value === "All") {
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return todos.value.items;
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}
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if (activeTab.value === "Active") {
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return filterByDone(false);
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}
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if (activeTab.value === "Completed") {
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return filterByDone(true);
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}
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return [];
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});
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const filterByDone = (done: boolean) => {
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return todos.value.items.filter((todo) => todo.spec.done === done);
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};
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// 查看 http://localhost:8090/swagger-ui.html
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function handleFetchTodos() {
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http
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.get<TodoList>("/apis/todo.plugin.halo.run/v1alpha1/todos")
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.then((response) => {
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todos.value = response.data;
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});
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}
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onMounted(handleFetchTodos);
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// 创建的逻辑
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const title = ref("");
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function handleCreate(e: Event) {
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http
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.post<Todo>("/apis/todo.plugin.halo.run/v1alpha1/todos", {
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metadata: {
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// 根据 'todo-' 前缀自动生成 todo 的名称作为唯一标识,可以理解为数据库自动生成主键 id
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generateName: "todo-",
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},
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spec: {
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title: title.value,
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done: false,
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},
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kind: "Todo",
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apiVersion: "todo.plugin.halo.run/v1alpha1",
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})
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.then((response) => {
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title.value = "";
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handleFetchTodos();
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});
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}
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// 更新的逻辑
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const selectedTodo = ref<Todo | undefined>();
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const handleUpdate = () => {
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http
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.put<Todo>(
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`/apis/todo.plugin.halo.run/v1alpha1/todos/${selectedTodo.value?.metadata.name}`,
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selectedTodo.value
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)
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.then((response) => {
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handleFetchTodos();
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});
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};
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function handleDoneChange(todo: Todo) {
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todo.spec.done = !todo.spec.done;
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http
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.put<Todo>(
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`/apis/todo.plugin.halo.run/v1alpha1/todos/${todo.metadata.name}`,
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todo
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)
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.then((response) => {
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handleFetchTodos();
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});
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}
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// 删除
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const handleDelete = (todo: Todo) => {
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http
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.delete(`/apis/todo.plugin.halo.run/v1alpha1/todos/${todo.metadata.name}`)
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.then((response) => {
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handleFetchTodos();
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});
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};
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</script>
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<template>
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<section class="todoapp">
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<header class="header">
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<h1>todos</h1>
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<input
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class="new-todo"
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autofocus
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v-model="title"
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placeholder="What needs to be done?"
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@keyup.enter="handleCreate"
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/>
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</header>
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<section class="main" v-show="todos.items.length">
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<input
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id="toggle-all"
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class="toggle-all"
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type="checkbox"
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:checked="filterByDone(false).length > 0"
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/>
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<label for="toggle-all">Mark all as complete</label>
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<ul class="todo-list">
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<li
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v-for="(todo, index) in todoList"
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class="todo"
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:key="index"
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:class="{ completed: todo.spec.done, editing: todo === selectedTodo }"
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>
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<div class="view">
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<input
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class="toggle"
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type="checkbox"
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:checked="todo.spec.done"
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@click="handleDoneChange(todo)"
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/>
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<label @dblclick="selectedTodo = todo">{{ todo.spec.title }}</label>
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<button class="destroy" @click="handleDelete(todo)"></button>
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</div>
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<input
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v-if="selectedTodo"
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class="edit"
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type="text"
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v-model="selectedTodo.spec.title"
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@vnode-mounted="({ el }) => el.focus()"
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@blur="handleUpdate()"
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@keyup.enter="handleUpdate()"
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@keyup.escape="selectedTodo = undefined"
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/>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</section>
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<footer class="footer" v-show="todos.total">
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<span class="todo-count">
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<strong>{{ filterByDone(false).length }}</strong>
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<span>
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{{ filterByDone(false).length === 1 ? " item" : " items" }} left</span
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>
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</span>
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<ul class="filters">
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<li v-for="(tab, index) in tabs" :key="index">
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<a
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href="javascript:void(0);"
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@click="activeTab = tab.label"
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:class="{ selected: activeTab === tab.label }"
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>
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{{ tab.label }}
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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<button
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class="clear-completed"
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@click="() => filterByDone(true).map((todo) => handleDelete(todo))"
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v-show="todos.items.length > filterByDone(false).length"
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>
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Clear completed
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</button>
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</footer>
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</section>
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</template>
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<style scoped>
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@import "todomvc-app-css/index.css";
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</style>
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```
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这在原先的基础上替换为了 `TypeScript` 写法,并去除了数据保存到 `LocalStorage` 的逻辑,这也是我们推荐的方式,可读性更强,且有 `TypeScript` 提供类型提示。
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至此我们就完成了与插件后端 APIs 实现 Todo List 数据交互的部分。
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### 使用 Icon
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目前 Todo 的菜单还是默认的网格样式 Icon,在 `console/src/index.ts` 文件中配置有一个 `icon: markRaw(IconGrid)`。以此为例说明该如何使用其他 `Icon`。
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1. 安装 [unplugin-icons](https://github.com/antfu/unplugin-icons)。
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```shell
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pnpm install -D unplugin-icons
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pnpm install -D @iconify/json
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pnpm install -D @vue/compiler-sfc
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```
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2. 编辑 `console/vite.config.ts`,在 `defineConfig` 的 `plugins` 中添加配置,修改如下。
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```diff
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+ import Icons from "unplugin-icons/vite";
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// https://vitejs.dev/config/
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export default defineConfig({
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|
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- plugins: [vue(), vueJsx()],
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+ plugins: [vue(), vueJsx(), Icons({ compiler: "vue3" })],
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```
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3. 在 `console/tsconfig.app.json` 中加入 `unplugni-icons` 的 `types` 配置。
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|
|
```diff
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{
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// ...
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"compilerOptions": {
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// ...
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"paths": {
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"@/*": ["./src/*"]
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- }
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+ },
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+ "types": ["unplugin-icons/types/vue"]
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}
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}
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```
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4. 到 [icones](https://icones.js.org/) 搜索你想要使用的图标,并点击它,然后选择 `Unplugin Icons`,会复制到剪贴板。
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![unplugin icons selector](/img/unplugin-icons-example.png)
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5. 编辑 `console/src/index.ts` 在 `import` 区域粘贴,并 `icon` 属性。
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|
```diff
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- import { IconGrid } from "@halo-dev/components";
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+ import VscodeIconsFileTypeLightTodo from "~icons/vscode-icons/file-type-light-todo";
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export default definePlugin({
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|
|
routes: [
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|
|
{
|
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|
|
// ...
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|
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|
|
route: {
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|
|
path: "/todos",
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|
|
children: [
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|
{
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|
|
// ...
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|
meta: {
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|
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// ...
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menu: {
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// ...
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|
- icon: markRaw(IconGrid),
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|
|
+ icon: markRaw(VscodeIconsFileTypeLightTodo),
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|
|
priority: 0,
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|
|
},
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|
},
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|
|
},
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],
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|
|
},
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|
|
},
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|
],
|
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|
|
|
// ...
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|
|
});
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|
```
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|
|
### 用户界面使用静态资源
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|
|
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如果你想在用户界面中使用图片,你可以放到 `console/src/assets` 中,例如 `logo.png`,并将其作为 Todo 的 Logo 放到标题旁边
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![todo logo example](/img/todo-logo-check-48.png)
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需要修改 `console/src/views/DefaultView.vue` 示例如下:
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```diff
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+ import Logo from "../assets/logo.png";
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// ...
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<template>
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<section class="todoapp">
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<header class="header">
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<h1>
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+ <img :src="Logo" alt="logo" style="display: inline; width: 64px" />
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todos
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</h1>
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//...
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```
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至此,我们完成了从零开始创建一个 TodoList 插件的所有步骤,希望可以帮助你对 Halo 的插件开发有一个整体的了解。
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