import json import parsel import requests from bs4 import BeautifulSoup def findNovelContent(url, name): headers = { 'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) ' 'Chrome/110.0.0.0 Safari/537.36 Edg/110.0.1587.41' } # 伪装成浏览器防止被反爬虫 response = requests.get(url=url, headers=headers).text # 获取网页源码 soup = BeautifulSoup(response, 'lxml') # 创建beautifulsoup对象,便于下面的解析操作 li_list = soup.select('.ml_list>ul>li') # 获取class='ml_list'下ul标签中所有li标签的内容 fp = open(name + '.txt', 'w', encoding='UTF-8') # 以写的方式创建一个文本文件编码方式为utf-8 for li in li_list: title = li.a.string # 获取章节标题:通过网页源码可知标题在a标签中的string中 detail_url = 'https://www.1234u.net' + li.a['href'] # href存放进一步网址,将网页的前半部分与章节的href连接起来,即可获取完整的章节网址 detail_page_text = requests.get(url=detail_url, headers=headers).text # 获取章节内容的网页源码 detail_soup = BeautifulSoup(detail_page_text, 'lxml') # 创建beautifulsoup对象,便于解析操作 div_tag = detail_soup.find('p', class_="articlecontent") # 爬取章节内容:正文在class为articlecontent的p标签下 content = div_tag.text # 爬取章节内容:正文在class为articlecontent的p标签下,将其中的text内容保留下来 fp.write(title + ':' + content + '\n') # 将内容写入文件 print(title, '爬取成功!!!') def findNovelPrice(item): # for item in iter(book_list): # 逐元素遍历book_list ls = [] # 新建空列表,用来保存之后存入的数据 print("开始爬取{0}的信息".format(item)) for page in range(1, 99): print(f'========================正在保存第{page}页数据内容===================================') url = f'https://search.dangdang.com/?key={item}&act=input&page_index={page}' # item为书名,page为页数 headers = { 'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) ' 'Chrome/110.0.0.0 Safari/537.36 Edg/110.0.1587.41'} # 请求头信息 response = requests.get(url=url, headers=headers) # 向服务器发送请求 selector = parsel.Selector(response.text) # 初始化parsel对象 lis = selector.css('.bigimg li') # 获取到所有的li标签 for li in lis: # 从li标签中提取到书籍所有的信息 title = li.css('.name a::attr(title)').get() # 标题/书名 price_n = li.css('.price .search_now_price::text').get() # 售价 picture = li.css('.pic img::attr(data-original)').get() # 图片地址 dit = { '标题': title, '售价': price_n, '图片地址': picture, } # 创建字典存放获取信息 ls.append(dit) # 将该字典嵌套存放在ls列表中 file_name = str(item) + '.json' # 将book_list中元素附带上后缀后作为文件名 fw = open(file_name, "w", encoding='utf-8') a = json.dumps(ls[1:], sort_keys=False, indent=4, ensure_ascii=False) # 转换为json对象 fw.write(a) # 将json对象写入文件 fw.close() # 关闭文件 def findNovelComment(novelname, url): # 伪装成浏览器防止被反爬虫 headers = { "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) " "Chrome/110.0.0.0 Safari/537.36 Edg/110.0.1587.41" } # 获取评论的地址 res = requests.get(url=url, headers=headers) res = BeautifulSoup(res.text, "lxml") # 将爬取的数据改成lxml的格式 comments = res.find("div", id="comments") p_list = comments.find_all("p") # 将评论所在的p标签全部存入列表中,方便下面读取操作 # 以下操作将读取到的评论写入的txt文本中 data_list = [] # 创建空列表用来放评论 for i in p_list: data_list.append(i.find("span").string) # 1.评论在p下的span标签中,将内容先存入列表中 novelname1 = f"{novelname} 的豆瓣评论" n=0 with open(novelname1+".txt", "w", encoding='utf-8')as f: for i in data_list: # 将列表内容写入文本文件 n=int(n) n=n+1 n=str(n) f.write("(" + n + ")" + i + "\n") # 将每段评论换行写入 if __name__ == '__main__' : select = input("请您选择进行下列爬取内容:(1)四大名著小说;(2)四大名著价格信息;(3)四大名著豆瓣评论:") select = int(select) if select == 1: print("#" * 20) # 小说内容 i=0 book = input("请输入您想查询的四大名著:") param = {'三国演义': 'https://www.1234u.net/xiaoshuo/121/121220/', '水浒传': 'https://www.1234u.net/141/141647/', '红楼梦': 'https://www.1234u.net/192/192648/', '西游记': '2https://www.1234u.net/157/157874/'} for a, b in param.items(): if a == book: findNovelContent(b, a) break else: i=i+1 if i >= 4: print("您输入的不是四大名著!") break continue elif select == 2: print("#" * 20) i = 0 book = input("请输入您想查询的四大名著:") # 小说价格,名称,图片地址 book_list = ['三国演义', '红楼梦', '水浒传', '西游记'] for item in book_list: if item == book : findNovelPrice(item) break else: i=i+1 if i >= 4: print("您输入的不是四大名著!") break continue print("价格爬取结束!") else: # 爬小说书评 print("#" * 20) i = 0 book = input("请输入您想查询的四大名著:") param1 = { '西游记': "https://book.douban.com/subject/30137808/comments/?start=0&limit=20&status=P&sort" "=new_score", '红楼梦': "https://book.douban.com/subject/1007305/comments/?start=0&limit=20&status=P&sort" "=new_score", '水浒传': "https://book.douban.com/subject/30137810/comments/?start=0&limit=20&status=P&sort" "=new_score", '三国演义': "https://book.douban.com/subject/26416768/comments/?start=0&limit=20&status=P&sort" "=new_score"} for name, url in param1.items(): if name == book: findNovelComment(name, url) print("评语爬取成功!!") break else: i=i+1 if i >= 4: print("您输入的不是四大名著!") break continue