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from datetime import date
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import re # 新增正则表达式模块用于身份证验证
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from astropy.version import major
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from pyasn1_modules.rfc2985 import gender
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class Student:
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"""学生实体类"""
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def __init__(self, stu_id: str, name: str, height: int, gender:bool or str ,major:str,birth_date: date | str,
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enrollment_date: date | str, class_name: str, id_card: str | None = None ):
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self.stu_id = stu_id #sid ->stu_id
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self.name = name.strip()
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self.height = height
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self.birth_date = birth_date if isinstance(birth_date, date) else date.fromisoformat(birth_date)
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self.enrollment_date = enrollment_date if isinstance(enrollment_date, date) else date.fromisoformat(
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enrollment_date)
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self.class_name = class_name
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self.id_card = id_card
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self.gender=gender
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self.major=major
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self._validation_errors = []
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self._validate_height()
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self._validate_dates()
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self._validate_name()
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self._validate_id_card()
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def _validate_id_card(self) -> None:
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"""验证身份证格式，包括校验码检验"""
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if not self.id_card:
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return
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if len(self.id_card)!=18:
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self._validation_errors.append("身份证号长度应为18位")
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if not self.id_card[:17].isdigit():
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self._validation_errors.append("身份证号前17位必须为数字")
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weights = [7, 9, 10, 5, 8, 4, 2, 1, 6, 3, 7, 9, 10, 5, 8, 4, 2]
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check_codes = ['1', '0', 'X', '9', '8', '7', '6', '5', '4', '3', '2']
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total = sum(int(self.id_card[i]) * weights[i] for i in range(17))
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expected_check = check_codes[total % 11]
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if self.id_card[-1].upper()!=expected_check:
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self._validation_errors.append("校验码不匹配，身份证格式不正确")
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# 从身份证提取出生日期并验证
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try:
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if len(self.id_card) == 18:
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birth_year = int(self.id_card[6:10])
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birth_month = int(self.id_card[10:12])
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birth_day = int(self.id_card[12:14])
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extracted_birth_date = date(birth_year, birth_month, birth_day)
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if extracted_birth_date != self.birth_date:
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self._validation_errors.append("身份证出生日期与登记出生日期不一致")
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except (ValueError, IndexError):
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self._validation_errors.append("身份证日期解析失败")
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gender_code=int(self.id_card[16])
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gender="男"if gender_code % 2==1 else "女"
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self.gender=gender
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def _validate_height(self) -> None:
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if not (50 <= self.height <= 250):
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self._validation_errors.append(f"身高{self.height}cm超出合理范围（50-250厘米）")
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def _validate_name(self) -> None:
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if not (2 <= len(self.name) <= 20):
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self._validation_errors.append("姓名长度需要在2到20个字符以内")
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if not self.name.isprintable():
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self._validation_errors.append("姓名包含不可打印的字符")
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def _validate_dates(self) -> None:
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today = date.today()
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if self.birth_date > today:
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self._validation_errors.append("出生日期不能在未来")
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if self.enrollment_date > today:
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self._validation_errors.append("入学日期不能在未来")
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if self.birth_date > self.enrollment_date:
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self._validation_errors.append("入学日期不能早于出生日期")
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@property
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def is_valid(self) -> bool:
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return len(self._validation_errors) == 0
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def get_errors(self) -> list[str]:
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return self._validation_errors.copy()
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def __eq__(self, other) -> bool:
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if not isinstance(other, Student):
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return NotImplemented
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return (self.stu_id == other.stu_id and self.name == other.name and self.height == other.height and
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self.birth_date == other.birth_date and self.enrollment_date == other.enrollment_date and
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self.class_name == other.class_name and self.id_card == other.id_card)
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def to_dict(self) -> dict:
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"""将对象序列化为字典"""
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return {
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'stu_id': self.stu_id,
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'name': self.name,
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'height': self.height,
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'birth_date': self.birth_date.isoformat(),
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'enrollment_date': self.enrollment_date.isoformat(),
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'class_name': self.class_name,
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'id_card': self.id_card, # 新增身份证字段
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'gender':self.gender, # 新增性别
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'major':self.major # 新增专业
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}
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@classmethod
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def from_dict(cls, data: dict) -> 'Student':
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"""从字典创建对象(自动处理日期解析)"""
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birth_date = data['birth_date']
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enrollment_date = data['enrollment_date']
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birth_date = birth_date if isinstance(birth_date, date) else date.fromisoformat(birth_date)
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enrollment_date = enrollment_date if isinstance(enrollment_date, date) else date.fromisoformat(enrollment_date)
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# 从字典获取身份证（允许为空）
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id_card = data.get('id_card')
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return cls(
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stu_id=data['stu_id'],
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name=data['name'].strip(),
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height=data['height'],
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birth_date=birth_date,
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enrollment_date=enrollment_date,
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class_name=data['class_name'],
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id_card=id_card, # 传递身份证参数
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gender=data['gender'],
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major= data ['major']
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)
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def __repr__(self) -> str:
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"""完整对象表示(包含所有字段信息)"""
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return (
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f"{self.__class__.__name__}("
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f"stu_id='{self.stu_id}', "
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f"name='{self.name}', "
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f"height={self.height}, "
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f"birth_date=date({self.birth_date.year}, {self.birth_date.month}, {self.birth_date.day}), "
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f"enrollment_date=date({self.enrollment_date.year}, {self.enrollment_date.month}, {self.enrollment_date.day}), "
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f"class_name='{self.class_name}', "
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f"id_card='{self.id_card}',"
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f"gender='{self.gender}',"
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f"major='{self.major}'"
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f")"
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)
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