.idea/.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# 默认忽略的文件
+/shelf/
+/workspace.xml

.idea/.name

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+student_bll.py

.idea/PythonProject.iml

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<module type="PYTHON_MODULE" version="4">
+  <component name="NewModuleRootManager">
+    <content url="file://$MODULE_DIR$" />
+    <orderEntry type="jdk" jdkName="Python 3.12" jdkType="Python SDK" />
+    <orderEntry type="sourceFolder" forTests="false" />
+  </component>
+</module>

.idea/inspectionProfiles/profiles_settings.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+<component name="InspectionProjectProfileManager">
+  <settings>
+    <option name="USE_PROJECT_PROFILE" value="false" />
+    <version value="1.0" />
+  </settings>
+</component>

.idea/misc.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<project version="4">
+  <component name="Black">
+    <option name="sdkName" value="Python 3.11" />
+  </component>
+  <component name="ProjectRootManager" version="2" project-jdk-name="Python 3.12" project-jdk-type="Python SDK" />
+</project>

.idea/modules.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<project version="4">
+  <component name="ProjectModuleManager">
+    <modules>
+      <module fileurl="file://$PROJECT_DIR$/.idea/PythonProject.iml" filepath="$PROJECT_DIR$/.idea/PythonProject.iml" />
+    </modules>
+  </component>
+</project>

.idea/vcs.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<project version="4">
+  <component name="VcsDirectoryMappings">
+    <mapping directory="$PROJECT_DIR$" vcs="Git" />
+  </component>
+</project>

README.md

@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
-# xsxxglxt
-

面向对象方法三层/bll/student_bll.py

@@ -0,0 +1,188 @@
+from datetime import date
+from typing import Optional, Dict, Union, Any
+
+# ============== 数据模型层 ==============
+class Student:
+    """学生实体类，封装学生基本信息及相关操作"""
+
+    def __init__(self,
+                 name: str,
+                 id_card: str,
+                 stu_id: str,
+                 gender: Optional[bool] = None,
+                 height: Optional[int] = None,
+                 weight: Optional[float] = None,
+                 enrollment_date: Optional[Union[date, str]] = None,
+                 class_name: Optional[str] = None,
+                 major: Optional[str] = None):
+        """初始化学生对象"""
+        self.name = name
+        self.id_card = id_card
+        self.stu_id = stu_id
+        self.gender = gender
+        self.height = height
+        self.weight = weight
+        self.enrollment_date = enrollment_date
+        self.class_name = class_name
+        self.major = major
+
+        # 从身份证号生成的属性
+        self._birthday = None
+        self._age = None
+
+        # 错误信息字典
+        self._errors = {}
+
+        # 初始化时进行数据校验
+        self.validate()
+
+    @property
+    def birthday(self) -> date:
+        """从身份证号提取出生日期"""
+        if not self._birthday and self.id_card and len(self.id_card) == 18:
+            birth_str = self.id_card[6:14]
+            try:
+                self._birthday = date.fromisoformat(birth_str)
+            except:
+                self._birthday = date(1900, 1, 1)
+        return self._birthday
+
+    @property
+    def age(self) -> int:
+        """计算年龄"""
+        if not self._age and self.birthday:
+            today = date.today()
+            self._age = today.year - self.birthday.year
+            if today < date(today.year, self.birthday.month, self.birthday.day):
+                self._age -= 1
+        return self._age
+
+    @property
+    def enrollment_date(self) -> Optional[date]:
+        """入学日期属性"""
+        return self._enrollment_date
+
+    @enrollment_date.setter
+    def enrollment_date(self, value: Optional[Union[date, str]]):
+        """入学日期设置器，支持日期对象或字符串"""
+        if value is None:
+            self._enrollment_date = None
+        elif isinstance(value, str):
+            try:
+                self._enrollment_date = date.fromisoformat(value)
+            except:
+                self._enrollment_date = None
+        else:
+            self._enrollment_date = value
+
+    @property
+    def errors(self) -> Dict[str, str]:
+        """获取所有验证错误信息"""
+        return self._errors
+
+    @property
+    def is_valid(self) -> bool:
+        """判断学生信息是否有效"""
+        return not bool(self._errors)
+
+    def validate(self) -> None:
+        """验证学生信息的合法性"""
+        self._errors = {}
+
+        # 验证姓名
+        if not self.name or len(self.name) < 2 or len(self.name) > 20:
+            self._errors["name"] = "姓名必须在2到20个字符之间"
+        elif not self.name.isalpha():
+            self._errors["name"] = "姓名不能包含数字和特殊符号"
+
+        # 验证身份证号
+        if not self.__validate_id_card(self.id_card):
+            self._errors["id_card"] = "身份证号格式不正确"
+
+        # 验证学号
+        if not self.stu_id:
+            self._errors["stu_id"] = "学号不能为空"
+
+        # 验证身高
+        if self.height is not None and (self.height < 50 or self.height > 250):
+            self._errors["height"] = "身高必须在50到250厘米之间"
+
+        # 验证体重
+        if self.weight is not None and (self.weight < 5 or self.weight > 300):
+            self._errors["weight"] = "体重必须在5到300千克之间"
+
+        # 验证入学日期
+        if self.enrollment_date and self.birthday and self.enrollment_date < self.birthday:
+            self._errors["enrollment_date"] = "入学日期不能早于出生日期"
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def __validate_id_card(id_card: str) -> bool:
+        """验证身份证号是否符合国家标准"""
+        if not id_card or len(id_card) != 18:
+            return False
+
+        # 检查前17位是否为数字
+        if not id_card[:17].isdigit():
+            return False
+
+        # 验证出生日期
+        birth_str = id_card[6:14]
+        try:
+            date.fromisoformat(birth_str)
+        except:
+            return False
+
+        # 验证校验位
+        factors = [7, 9, 10, 5, 8, 4, 2, 1, 6, 3, 7, 9, 10, 5, 8, 4, 2]  # 加权因子
+        check_codes = '10X98765432'  # 校验码映射
+        total = sum(int(id_card[i]) * factors[i] for i in range(17))
+        check_code = check_codes[total % 11]
+
+        return check_code == id_card[17].upper()
+
+    def to_dict(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        """将学生对象转换为字典"""
+        result = self.__dict__.copy()
+        # 处理日期类型
+        if result.get('_enrollment_date'):
+            result['enrollment_date'] = result['_enrollment_date'].isoformat()
+        # 移除内部属性
+        if '_birthday' in result:
+            del result['_birthday']
+        if '_age' in result:
+            del result['_age']
+        if '_errors' in result:
+            del result['_errors']
+        return result
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_dict(cls, data: Dict[str, Any]) -> 'Student':
+        """从字典创建学生对象"""
+        if not isinstance(data, dict):
+            raise TypeError("数据必须是字典类型")
+
+        # 处理入学日期
+        enrollment_date = data.get('enrollment_date')
+        if enrollment_date and isinstance(enrollment_date, str):
+            try:
+                data['enrollment_date'] = date.fromisoformat(enrollment_date)
+            except:
+                data['enrollment_date'] = None
+
+        return cls(
+            name=data.get('name', ''),
+            id_card=data.get('id_card', ''),
+            stu_id=data.get('stu_id', ''),
+            gender=data.get('gender'),
+            height=data.get('height'),
+            weight=data.get('weight'),
+            enrollment_date=data.get('enrollment_date'),
+            class_name=data.get('class_name'),
+            major=data.get('major')
+        )
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        """学生对象的字符串表示"""
+        attrs = [f"{k}='{v}'" for k, v in self.to_dict().items() if v is not None]
+        return f"Student({', '.join(attrs)})"
+

面向对象方法三层/dal/json_student_dal.py

@@ -0,0 +1,308 @@
+import csv
+import json
+import os
+from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
+from datetime import date
+from typing import List, Optional, Dict, Any
+
+
+class Student:
+    pass
+
+
+class IStudentDAL(ABC):
+    """学生信息数据访问层接口"""
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def get_by_id(self, id_card: str) -> Optional[Student]:
+        """根据身份证号获取学生信息"""
+        pass
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def get_by_stu_id(self, stu_id: str) -> Optional[Student]:
+        """根据学号获取学生信息"""
+        pass
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def get_all(self) -> List[Student]:
+        """获取所有学生信息"""
+        pass
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def add(self, student: Student) -> bool:
+        """添加学生信息"""
+        pass
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def delete(self, id_card: str) -> bool:
+        """根据身份证号删除学生信息"""
+        pass
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def delete_by_stu_id(self, stu_id: str) -> bool:
+        """根据学号删除学生信息"""
+        pass
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def update(self, student: Student) -> bool:
+        """更新学生信息"""
+        pass
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def is_exist(self, id_card: str) -> bool:
+        """检查学生是否存在"""
+        pass
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def is_exist_stu_id(self, stu_id: str) -> bool:
+        """检查学号是否存在"""
+        pass
+
+
+class JsonStudentDAL(IStudentDAL):
+    """JSON文件数据访问实现"""
+
+    def __init__(self, file_path: str):
+        """初始化JSON数据访问层"""
+        self.file_path = file_path
+        self._ensure_file_exists()
+
+    def _ensure_file_exists(self) -> None:
+        """确保数据文件存在"""
+        if not os.path.exists(self.file_path):
+            with open(self.file_path, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
+                json.dump([], f, ensure_ascii=False, indent=4)
+
+    def _load(self) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
+        """从文件加载学生数据"""
+        try:
+            with open(self.file_path, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
+                return json.load(f)
+        except (json.JSONDecodeError, FileNotFoundError):
+            return []
+
+    def _save(self, students: List[Dict[str, Any]]) -> None:
+        """保存学生数据到文件"""
+        with open(self.file_path, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
+            json.dump(students, f, ensure_ascii=False, indent=4)
+
+    def get_by_id(self, id_card: str) -> Optional[Student]:
+        """根据身份证号获取学生信息"""
+        students = self._load()
+        for data in students:
+            if data.get('id_card') == id_card:
+                return Student.from_dict(data)
+        return None
+
+    def get_by_stu_id(self, stu_id: str) -> Optional[Student]:
+        """根据学号获取学生信息"""
+        students = self._load()
+        for data in students:
+            if data.get('stu_id') == stu_id:
+                return Student.from_dict(data)
+        return None
+
+    def get_all(self) -> List[Student]:
+        """获取所有学生信息"""
+        students_data = self._load()
+        return [Student.from_dict(data) for data in students_data]
+
+    def add(self, student: Student) -> bool:
+        """添加学生信息"""
+        if self.is_exist(student.id_card) or self.is_exist_stu_id(student.stu_id):
+            return False
+
+        students = self._load()
+        students.append(student.to_dict())
+        self._save(students)
+        return True
+
+    def delete(self, id_card: str) -> bool:
+        """根据身份证号删除学生信息"""
+        students = self._load()
+        original_length = len(students)
+        students = [s for s in students if s.get('id_card') != id_card]
+
+        if len(students) < original_length:
+            self._save(students)
+            return True
+        return False
+
+    def delete_by_stu_id(self, stu_id: str) -> bool:
+        """根据学号删除学生信息"""
+        students = self._load()
+        original_length = len(students)
+        students = [s for s in students if s.get('stu_id') != stu_id]
+
+        if len(students) < original_length:
+            self._save(students)
+            return True
+        return False
+
+    def update(self, student: Student) -> bool:
+        """更新学生信息"""
+        students = self._load()
+        updated = False
+
+        for i, data in enumerate(students):
+            if data.get('id_card') == student.id_card:
+                students[i] = student.to_dict()
+                updated = True
+                break
+
+        if updated:
+            self._save(students)
+        return updated
+
+    def is_exist(self, id_card: str) -> bool:
+        """检查学生是否存在"""
+        return self.get_by_id(id_card) is not None
+
+    def is_exist_stu_id(self, stu_id: str) -> bool:
+        """检查学号是否存在"""
+        return self.get_by_stu_id(stu_id) is not None
+
+
+class CsvStudentDAL(IStudentDAL):
+    """CSV文件数据访问实现"""
+
+    FIELD_TYPES = {
+        'height': int,
+        'weight': float,
+        'gender': lambda x: True if x == 'True' else False if x == 'False' else None,
+    }
+
+    def __init__(self, file_path: str):
+        """初始化CSV数据访问层"""
+        self.file_path = file_path
+        self._ensure_file_exists()
+
+    def _ensure_file_exists(self) -> None:
+        """确保数据文件存在"""
+        if not os.path.exists(self.file_path):
+            with open(self.file_path, 'w', encoding='utf-8-sig', newline='') as f:
+                writer = csv.DictWriter(f, fieldnames=self._get_fieldnames())
+                writer.writeheader()
+
+    def _get_fieldnames(self) -> List[str]:
+        """获取CSV文件字段名"""
+        return [
+            'name', 'id_card', 'stu_id', 'gender', 'height',
+            'weight', 'enrollment_date', 'class_name', 'major'
+        ]
+
+    def _convert_row(self, row: Dict[str, str]) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        """转换CSV行数据为字典"""
+        result = {}
+        for key, value in row.items():
+            if not value:
+                result[key] = None
+            else:
+                converter = self.FIELD_TYPES.get(key)
+                if converter:
+                    result[key] = converter(value)
+                elif key == 'enrollment_date':
+                    try:
+                        result[key] = date.fromisoformat(value)
+                    except:
+                        result[key] = value
+                else:
+                    result[key] = value
+        return result
+
+    def _load(self) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
+        """从文件加载学生数据"""
+        try:
+            with open(self.file_path, 'r', encoding='utf-8-sig', newline='') as f:
+                reader = csv.DictReader(f)
+                return [self._convert_row(row) for row in reader]
+        except FileNotFoundError:
+            return []
+
+    def _save(self, students: List[Dict[str, Any]]) -> None:
+        """保存学生数据到文件"""
+        with open(self.file_path, 'w', encoding='utf-8-sig', newline='') as f:
+            writer = csv.DictWriter(f, fieldnames=self._get_fieldnames())
+            writer.writeheader()
+            for student in students:
+                # 转换日期为字符串
+                if student.get('enrollment_date') and isinstance(student['enrollment_date'], date):
+                    student['enrollment_date'] = student['enrollment_date'].isoformat()
+                writer.writerow(student)
+
+    def get_by_id(self, id_card: str) -> Optional[Student]:
+        """根据身份证号获取学生信息"""
+        students = self._load()
+        for data in students:
+            if data.get('id_card') == id_card:
+                return Student.from_dict(data)
+        return None
+
+    def get_by_stu_id(self, stu_id: str) -> Optional[Student]:
+        """根据学号获取学生信息"""
+        students = self._load()
+        for data in students:
+            if data.get('stu_id') == stu_id:
+                return Student.from_dict(data)
+        return None
+
+    def get_all(self) -> List[Student]:
+        """获取所有学生信息"""
+        students_data = self._load()
+        return [Student.from_dict(data) for data in students_data]
+
+    def add(self, student: Student) -> bool:
+        """添加学生信息"""
+        if self.is_exist(student.id_card) or self.is_exist_stu_id(student.stu_id):
+            return False
+
+        students = self._load()
+        students.append(student.to_dict())
+        self._save(students)
+        return True
+
+    def delete(self, id_card: str) -> bool:
+        """根据身份证号删除学生信息"""
+        students = self._load()
+        original_length = len(students)
+        students = [s for s in students if s.get('id_card') != id_card]
+
+        if len(students) < original_length:
+            self._save(students)
+            return True
+        return False
+
+    def delete_by_stu_id(self, stu_id: str) -> bool:
+        """根据学号删除学生信息"""
+        students = self._load()
+        original_length = len(students)
+        students = [s for s in students if s.get('stu_id') != stu_id]
+
+        if len(students) < original_length:
+            self._save(students)
+            return True
+        return False
+
+    def update(self, student: Student) -> bool:
+        """更新学生信息"""
+        students = self._load()
+        updated = False
+
+        for i, data in enumerate(students):
+            if data.get('id_card') == student.id_card:
+                students[i] = student.to_dict()
+                updated = True
+                break
+
+        if updated:
+            self._save(students)
+        return updated
+
+    def is_exist(self, id_card: str) -> bool:
+        """检查学生是否存在"""
+        return self.get_by_id(id_card) is not None
+
+    def is_exist_stu_id(self, stu_id: str) -> bool:
+        """检查学号是否存在"""
+        return self.get_by_stu_id(stu_id) is not None
+

面向对象方法三层/main.py

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+from 面向对象方法三层.ui.student_ui import StudentUI
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    # 默认为JSON文件存储
+    default_file = "students.json"
+    print(f"使用默认数据文件: {default_file}")
+
+    ui = StudentUI(default_file)
+    ui.run()

面向对象方法三层/model/student.py

@@ -0,0 +1,201 @@
+import csv
+import json
+from typing import List, Optional, Dict
+
+from 面向对象方法三层.dal.json_student_dal import IStudentDAL, JsonStudentDAL, CsvStudentDAL, Student
+
+
+class StudentBLL:
+    """学生信息业务逻辑层"""
+
+    def __init__(self, file_path: str):
+        """初始化业务逻辑层"""
+        self.file_path = file_path
+        self.dal = self._get_dal()
+
+    def _get_dal(self) -> IStudentDAL:
+        """获取数据访问层实例"""
+        if self.file_path.endswith('.json'):
+            return JsonStudentDAL(self.file_path)
+        elif self.file_path.endswith('.csv'):
+            return CsvStudentDAL(self.file_path)
+        else:
+            raise ValueError("不支持的文件格式，仅支持JSON和CSV")
+
+    def add_student(self, student: Student) -> bool:
+        """添加学生信息"""
+        # 校验学生信息
+        if not student.is_valid:
+            raise ValueError(f"学生信息无效: {student.errors}")
+
+        # 检查唯一性
+        if self.dal.is_exist(student.id_card):
+            raise ValueError("该身份证号已存在")
+        if self.dal.is_exist_stu_id(student.stu_id):
+            raise ValueError("该学号已存在")
+
+        return self.dal.add(student)
+
+    def delete_student(self, id_card: str) -> bool:
+        """根据身份证号删除学生"""
+        if not self.dal.is_exist(id_card):
+            raise ValueError("学生不存在")
+        return self.dal.delete(id_card)
+
+    def delete_student_by_stu_id(self, stu_id: str) -> bool:
+        """根据学号删除学生"""
+        if not self.dal.is_exist_stu_id(stu_id):
+            raise ValueError("学生不存在")
+        return self.dal.delete_by_stu_id(stu_id)
+
+    def update_student(self, student: Student) -> bool:
+        """更新学生信息"""
+        if not student.is_valid:
+            raise ValueError(f"学生信息无效: {student.errors}")
+
+        if not self.dal.is_exist(student.id_card):
+            raise ValueError("学生不存在")
+
+        return self.dal.update(student)
+
+    def update_student_partial(self, id_card: str, **kwargs) -> bool:
+        """部分更新学生信息"""
+        student = self.dal.get_by_id(id_card)
+        if not student:
+            raise ValueError("学生不存在")
+
+        # 更新提供的字段
+        for key, value in kwargs.items():
+            if hasattr(student, key) and key not in ['id_card', 'stu_id']:
+                setattr(student, key, value)
+
+        # 校验更新后的信息
+        student.validate()
+        if student.errors:
+            raise ValueError(f"更新后学生信息无效: {student.errors}")
+
+        return self.dal.update(student)
+
+    def get_student_by_id(self, id_card: str) -> Optional[Student]:
+        """根据身份证号查询学生"""
+        return self.dal.get_by_id(id_card)
+
+    def get_student_by_stu_id(self, stu_id: str) -> Optional[Student]:
+        """根据学号查询学生"""
+        return self.dal.get_by_stu_id(stu_id)
+
+    def get_all_students(self) -> List[Student]:
+        """获取所有学生"""
+        return self.dal.get_all()
+
+    def search_by_name(self, name: str, fuzzy: bool = True) -> List[Student]:
+        """按姓名查询学生"""
+        all_students = self.get_all_students()
+        if fuzzy:
+            return [s for s in all_students if name.lower() in s.name.lower()]
+        return [s for s in all_students if s.name == name]
+
+    def search_by_class(self, class_name: str, fuzzy: bool = True) -> List[Student]:
+        """按班级查询学生"""
+        all_students = self.get_all_students()
+        if fuzzy:
+            return [s for s in all_students if class_name.lower() in (s.class_name or '').lower()]
+        return [s for s in all_students if s.class_name == class_name]
+
+    def search_by_major(self, major: str, fuzzy: bool = True) -> List[Student]:
+        """按专业查询学生"""
+        all_students = self.get_all_students()
+        if fuzzy:
+            return [s for s in all_students if major.lower() in (s.major or '').lower()]
+        return [s for s in all_students if s.major == major]
+
+    def count_students(self) -> int:
+        """统计学生总数"""
+        return len(self.get_all_students())
+
+    def count_by_major(self) -> Dict[str, int]:
+        """按专业统计学生人数"""
+        result = {}
+        for student in self.get_all_students():
+            if student.major:
+                result[student.major] = result.get(student.major, 0) + 1
+        return result
+
+    def average_height(self) -> float:
+        """计算平均身高"""
+        students = [s for s in self.get_all_students() if s.height is not None]
+        if not students:
+            return 0
+        return sum(s.height for s in students) / len(students)
+
+    def average_weight(self) -> float:
+        """计算平均体重"""
+        students = [s for s in self.get_all_students() if s.weight is not None]
+        if not students:
+            return 0
+        return sum(s.weight for s in students) / len(students)
+
+    def export_to_json(self, file_path: str) -> bool:
+        """导出数据到JSON文件"""
+        students = [s.to_dict() for s in self.get_all_students()]
+        try:
+            with open(file_path, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
+                json.dump(students, f, ensure_ascii=False, indent=4)
+            return True
+        except:
+            return False
+
+    def export_to_csv(self, file_path: str) -> bool:
+        """导出数据到CSV文件"""
+        students = self.get_all_students()
+        if not students:
+            return False
+
+        fieldnames = list(students[0].to_dict().keys())
+        try:
+            with open(file_path, 'w', encoding='utf-8-sig', newline='') as f:
+                writer = csv.DictWriter(f, fieldnames=fieldnames)
+                writer.writeheader()
+                for student in students:
+                    writer.writerow(student.to_dict())
+            return True
+        except:
+            return False
+
+    def import_from_json(self, file_path: str) -> int:
+        """从JSON文件导入数据"""
+        try:
+            with open(file_path, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
+                students_data = json.load(f)
+
+            count = 0
+            for data in students_data:
+                try:
+                    student = Student.from_dict(data)
+                    if self.add_student(student):
+                        count += 1
+                except:
+                    continue
+            return count
+        except:
+            return 0
+
+    def import_from_csv(self, file_path: str) -> int:
+        """从CSV文件导入数据"""
+        try:
+            with open(file_path, 'r', encoding='utf-8-sig', newline='') as f:
+                reader = csv.DictReader(f)
+                students_data = [row for row in reader]
+
+            count = 0
+            for data in students_data:
+                try:
+                    student = Student.from_dict(data)
+                    if self.add_student(student):
+                        count += 1
+                except:
+                    continue
+            return count
+        except:
+            return 0
+

面向对象方法三层/students.json

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+[
+    {
+        "name": "李宇哲",
+        "id_card": "362425200605012231",
+        "stu_id": "123456",
+        "gender": true,
+        "height": 156,
+        "weight": 56.0,
+        "_enrollment_date": 

面向对象方法三层/ui/student_ui.py

@@ -0,0 +1,387 @@
+from datetime import date
+
+from 面向对象方法三层.bll.student_bll import Student
+from 面向对象方法三层.model.student import StudentBLL
+
+
+class StudentUI:
+    """学生信息管理系统用户界面"""
+
+    def __init__(self, file_path: str):
+        """初始化用户界面"""
+        self.bll = StudentBLL(file_path)
+        self.running = True
+
+    def display_main_menu(self) -> None:
+        """显示主菜单"""
+        print("\n===== 学生信息管理系统 =====")
+        print("1. 添加学生信息")
+        print("2. 删除学生信息")
+        print("3. 更新学生信息")
+        print("4. 查询学生信息")
+        print("5. 统计分析")
+        print("6. 数据导入导出")
+        print("7. 清空所有学生信息")
+        print("0. 退出系统")
+        print("==========================")
+
+    def display_query_menu(self) -> None:
+        """显示查询菜单"""
+        print("\n===== 查询学生信息 =====")
+        print("1. 查询所有学生")
+        print("2. 按身份证号查询")
+        print("3. 按学号查询")
+        print("4. 按姓名查询")
+        print("5. 按班级查询")
+        print("6. 按专业查询")
+        print("0. 返回上一级")
+        print("======================")
+
+    def display_stats_menu(self) -> None:
+        """显示统计菜单"""
+        print("\n===== 统计分析 =====")
+        print("1. 学生总数")
+        print("2. 各专业学生人数")
+        print("3. 平均身高")
+        print("4. 平均体重")
+        print("0. 返回上一级")
+        print("====================")
+
+    def display_import_export_menu(self) -> None:
+        """显示数据导入导出菜单"""
+        print("\n===== 数据导入导出 =====")
+        print("1. 导出到JSON")
+        print("2. 从JSON导入")
+        print("3. 导出到CSV")
+        print("4. 从CSV导入")
+        print("0. 返回上一级")
+        print("========================")
+
+    def get_input(self, prompt: str) -> str:
+        """获取用户输入"""
+        return input(prompt).strip()
+
+    def add_student(self) -> None:
+        """添加学生信息"""
+        print("\n--- 添加学生信息 ---")
+        name = self.get_input("姓名: ")
+        id_card = self.get_input("身份证号: ")
+        stu_id = self.get_input("学号: ")
+
+        gender = self.get_input("性别(1-男, 0-女, 直接回车-未知): ")
+        if gender == '1':
+            gender = True
+        elif gender == '0':
+            gender = False
+        else:
+            gender = None
+
+        height_str = self.get_input("身高(cm, 直接回车-未知): ")
+        height = int(height_str) if height_str else None
+
+        weight_str = self.get_input("体重(kg, 保留一位小数, 直接回车-未知): ")
+        weight = float(weight_str) if weight_str else None
+
+        enrollment_date = self.get_input("入学日期(YYYY-MM-DD, 直接回车-未知): ")
+        enrollment_date = date.fromisoformat(enrollment_date) if enrollment_date else None
+
+        class_name = self.get_input("班级名称(直接回车-未知): ")
+        major = self.get_input("专业(直接回车-未知): ")
+
+        try:
+            student = Student(
+                name=name,
+                id_card=id_card,
+                stu_id=stu_id,
+                gender=gender,
+                height=height,
+                weight=weight,
+                enrollment_date=enrollment_date,
+                class_name=class_name,
+                major=major
+            )
+
+            if self.bll.add_student(student):
+                print("学生添加成功！")
+            else:
+                print("学生添加失败，身份证号或学号已存在！")
+        except ValueError as e:
+            print(f"操作失败: {e}")
+
+    def delete_student(self) -> None:
+        """删除学生信息"""
+        print("\n--- 删除学生信息 ---")
+        print("1. 按身份证号删除")
+        print("2. 按学号删除")
+        choice = self.get_input("请选择: ")
+
+        try:
+            if choice == '1':
+                id_card = self.get_input("请输入身份证号: ")
+                if self.bll.delete_student(id_card):
+                    print("学生删除成功！")
+                else:
+                    print("学生不存在！")
+            elif choice == '2':
+                stu_id = self.get_input("请输入学号: ")
+                if self.bll.delete_student_by_stu_id(stu_id):
+                    print("学生删除成功！")
+                else:
+                    print("学生不存在！")
+            else:
+                print("无效选择！")
+        except ValueError as e:
+            print(f"操作失败: {e}")
+
+    def update_student(self) -> None:
+        """更新学生信息"""
+        print("\n--- 更新学生信息 ---")
+        id_card = self.get_input("请输入要更新的学生身份证号: ")
+
+        student = self.bll.get_student_by_id(id_card)
+        if not student:
+            print("学生不存在！")
+            return
+
+        print(f"\n当前学生信息: {student}")
+
+        name = self.get_input(f"姓名[{student.name}]: ") or student.name
+        gender = self.get_input(f"性别(1-男, 0-女, 直接回车[{student.gender}]): ")
+        if gender:
+            gender = True if gender == '1' else False
+        else:
+            gender = student.gender
+
+        height_str = self.get_input(f"身高(cm, 直接回车[{student.height}]): ")
+        height = int(height_str) if height_str else student.height
+
+        weight_str = self.get_input(f"体重(kg, 直接回车[{student.weight}]): ")
+        weight = float(weight_str) if weight_str else student.weight
+
+        enrollment_date = self.get_input(f"入学日期(YYYY-MM-DD, 直接回车[{student.enrollment_date}]): ")
+        enrollment_date = date.fromisoformat(enrollment_date) if enrollment_date else student.enrollment_date
+
+        class_name = self.get_input(f"班级名称[{student.class_name}]: ") or student.class_name
+        major = self.get_input(f"专业[{student.major}]: ") or student.major
+
+        try:
+            updated_student = Student(
+                name=name,
+                id_card=id_card,
+                stu_id=student.stu_id,
+                gender=gender,
+                height=height,
+                weight=weight,
+                enrollment_date=enrollment_date,
+                class_name=class_name,
+                major=major
+            )
+
+            if self.bll.update_student(updated_student):
+                print("学生信息更新成功！")
+            else:
+                print("学生信息更新失败！")
+        except ValueError as e:
+            print(f"操作失败: {e}")
+
+    def query_student(self) -> None:
+        """查询学生信息"""
+        while True:
+            self.display_query_menu()
+            choice = self.get_input("请选择操作: ")
+
+            if choice == '0':
+                break
+
+            try:
+                if choice == '1':
+                    # 查询所有学生
+                    students = self.bll.get_all_students()
+                    if not students:
+                        print("没有学生信息！")
+                    else:
+                        print("\n--- 所有学生信息 ---")
+                        for i, student in enumerate(students, 1):
+                            print(f"{i}. {student}")
+
+                elif choice == '2':
+                    # 按身份证号查询
+                    id_card = self.get_input("请输入身份证号: ")
+                    student = self.bll.get_student_by_id(id_card)
+                    if student:
+                        print(f"\n--- 学生信息 ---: {student}")
+                    else:
+                        print("未找到该学生！")
+
+                elif choice == '3':
+                    # 按学号查询
+                    stu_id = self.get_input("请输入学号: ")
+                    student = self.bll.get_student_by_stu_id(stu_id)
+                    if student:
+                        print(f"\n--- 学生信息 ---: {student}")
+                    else:
+                        print("未找到该学生！")
+
+                elif choice == '4':
+                    # 按姓名查询
+                    name = self.get_input("请输入姓名(支持模糊查询): ")
+                    students = self.bll.search_by_name(name)
+                    if not students:
+                        print("未找到该学生！")
+                    else:
+                        print(f"\n--- 查找结果({len(students)}人) ---")
+                        for i, student in enumerate(students, 1):
+                            print(f"{i}. {student}")
+
+                elif choice == '5':
+                    # 按班级查询
+                    class_name = self.get_input("请输入班级名称(支持模糊查询): ")
+                    students = self.bll.search_by_class(class_name)
+                    if not students:
+                        print("未找到该班级的学生！")
+                    else:
+                        print(f"\n--- 查找结果({len(students)}人) ---")
+                        for i, student in enumerate(students, 1):
+                            print(f"{i}. {student}")
+
+                elif choice == '6':
+                    # 按专业查询
+                    major = self.get_input("请输入专业名称(支持模糊查询): ")
+                    students = self.bll.search_by_major(major)
+                    if not students:
+                        print("未找到该专业的学生！")
+                    else:
+                        print(f"\n--- 查找结果({len(students)}人) ---")
+                        for i, student in enumerate(students, 1):
+                            print(f"{i}. {student}")
+
+                else:
+                    print("无效选择！")
+            except Exception as e:
+                print(f"查询出错: {e}")
+
+    def show_stats(self) -> None:
+        """显示统计信息"""
+        while True:
+            self.display_stats_menu()
+            choice = self.get_input("请选择操作: ")
+
+            if choice == '0':
+                break
+
+            try:
+                if choice == '1':
+                    # 学生总数
+                    count = self.bll.count_students()
+                    print(f"\n学生总数: {count}人")
+
+                elif choice == '2':
+                    # 各专业学生人数
+                    major_counts = self.bll.count_by_major()
+                    if not major_counts:
+                        print("没有学生信息！")
+                    else:
+                        print("\n各专业学生人数:")
+                        for major, count in major_counts.items():
+                            print(f"{major}: {count}人")
+
+                elif choice == '3':
+                    # 平均身高
+                    avg_height = self.bll.average_height()
+                    print(f"\n平均身高: {avg_height:.2f}cm")
+
+                elif choice == '4':
+                    # 平均体重
+                    avg_weight = self.bll.average_weight()
+                    print(f"\n平均体重: {avg_weight:.2f}kg")
+
+                else:
+                    print("无效选择！")
+            except Exception as e:
+                print(f"统计出错: {e}")
+
+    def import_export_data(self) -> None:
+        """数据导入导出"""
+        while True:
+            self.display_import_export_menu()
+            choice = self.get_input("请选择操作: ")
+
+            if choice == '0':
+                break
+
+            try:
+                if choice == '1':
+                    # 导出到JSON
+                    file_path = self.get_input("请输入导出文件路径: ")
+                    if self.bll.export_to_json(file_path):
+                        print(f"数据已成功导出到 {file_path}")
+                    else:
+                        print("导出失败！")
+
+                elif choice == '2':
+                    # 从JSON导入
+                    file_path = self.get_input("请输入导入文件路径: ")
+                    count = self.bll.import_from_json(file_path)
+                    print(f"成功导入 {count} 条学生记录")
+
+                elif choice == '3':
+                    # 导出到CSV
+                    file_path = self.get_input("请输入导出文件路径: ")
+                    if self.bll.export_to_csv(file_path):
+                        print(f"数据已成功导出到 {file_path}")
+                    else:
+                        print("导出失败！")
+
+                elif choice == '4':
+                    # 从CSV导入
+                    file_path = self.get_input("请输入导入文件路径: ")
+                    count = self.bll.import_from_csv(file_path)
+                    print(f"成功导入 {count} 条学生记录")
+
+                else:
+                    print("无效选择！")
+            except Exception as e:
+                print(f"操作出错: {e}")
+
+    def clear_students(self) -> None:
+        """清空所有学生信息"""
+        print("\n--- 清空所有学生信息 ---")
+        confirm = self.get_input("确定要清空所有学生信息吗？(y/n): ")
+        if confirm.lower() == 'y':
+            # 这里简单实现，实际应更安全
+            open(self.bll.file_path, 'w', encoding='utf-8').close()
+            print("所有学生信息已清空！")
+        else:
+            print("已取消清空操作。")
+
+    def run(self) -> None:
+        """运行系统"""
+        print("学生信息管理系统启动中...")
+
+        while self.running:
+            self.display_main_menu()
+            choice = self.get_input("请选择操作: ")
+
+            try:
+                if choice == '1':
+                    self.add_student()
+                elif choice == '2':
+                    self.delete_student()
+                elif choice == '3':
+                    self.update_student()
+                elif choice == '4':
+                    self.query_student()
+                elif choice == '5':
+                    self.show_stats()
+                elif choice == '6':
+                    self.import_export_data()
+                elif choice == '7':
+                    self.clear_students()
+                elif choice == '0':
+                    self.running = False
+                    print("感谢使用学生信息管理系统，再见！")
+                else:
+                    print("无效选择，请重新输入！")
+            except Exception as e:
+                print(f"操作出错: {e}")
+