(* * Copyright (c) 2016 - present Facebook, Inc. * All rights reserved. * * This source code is licensed under the BSD style license found in the * LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree. An additional grant * of patent rights can be found in the PATENTS file in the same directory. *) open! IStd module F = Format module L = Logging (** Create a taint analysis from a specification *) module Make (TaintSpecification : TaintSpec.S) = struct module TraceDomain = TaintSpecification.Trace module TaintDomain = TaintSpecification.AccessTree module IdMapDomain = IdAccessPathMapDomain module Summary = Summary.Make(struct type payload = QuandarySummary.t let update_payload quandary_payload (summary : Specs.summary) = { summary with payload = { summary.payload with quandary = Some quandary_payload }} let read_payload (summary : Specs.summary) = summary.payload.quandary end) module Domain = struct type astate = { access_tree : TaintDomain.astate; (* mapping of access paths to trace sets *) id_map : IdMapDomain.astate; (* mapping of id's to access paths for normalization *) } let empty = let access_tree = TaintDomain.empty in let id_map = IdMapDomain.empty in { access_tree; id_map; } let (<=) ~lhs ~rhs = if phys_equal lhs rhs then true else TaintDomain.(<=) ~lhs:lhs.access_tree ~rhs:rhs.access_tree && IdMapDomain.(<=) ~lhs:lhs.id_map ~rhs:rhs.id_map let join astate1 astate2 = if phys_equal astate1 astate2 then astate1 else let access_tree = TaintDomain.join astate1.access_tree astate2.access_tree in let id_map = IdMapDomain.join astate1.id_map astate2.id_map in { access_tree; id_map; } let widen ~prev ~next ~num_iters = if phys_equal prev next then prev else let access_tree = TaintDomain.widen ~prev:prev.access_tree ~next:next.access_tree ~num_iters in let id_map = IdMapDomain.widen ~prev:prev.id_map ~next:next.id_map ~num_iters in { access_tree; id_map; } let pp fmt { access_tree; id_map; } = F.fprintf fmt "(%a, %a)" TaintDomain.pp access_tree IdMapDomain.pp id_map end let is_global (var, _) = match var with | Var.ProgramVar pvar -> Pvar.is_global pvar | Var.LogicalVar _ -> false let is_return (var, _) = match var with | Var.ProgramVar pvar -> Pvar.is_return pvar | Var.LogicalVar _ -> false let is_footprint (var, _) = match var with | Var.ProgramVar _ -> false | Var.LogicalVar id -> Ident.is_footprint id let make_footprint_var formal_index = Var.of_id (Ident.create_footprint Ident.name_spec formal_index) let make_footprint_access_path formal_index access_path = AccessPath.with_base_var (make_footprint_var formal_index) access_path module TransferFunctions (CFG : ProcCfg.S) = struct module CFG = CFG module Domain = Domain type extras = FormalMap.t let resolve_id id_map id = try Some (IdMapDomain.find id id_map) with Not_found -> None (* get the node associated with [access_path] in [access_tree] *) let access_path_get_node access_path access_tree (proc_data : FormalMap.t ProcData.t) = match TaintDomain.get_node access_path access_tree with | Some _ as node_opt -> node_opt | None -> let make_footprint_trace footprint_ap = let trace = TraceDomain.of_source (TraceDomain.Source.make_footprint footprint_ap proc_data.pdesc) in Some (TaintDomain.make_normal_leaf trace) in let root, _ = AccessPath.extract access_path in match FormalMap.get_formal_index root proc_data.extras with | Some formal_index -> make_footprint_trace (make_footprint_access_path formal_index access_path) | None -> if is_global root then make_footprint_trace access_path else None (* get the trace associated with [access_path] in [access_tree]. *) let access_path_get_trace access_path access_tree proc_data = match access_path_get_node access_path access_tree proc_data with | Some (trace, _) -> trace | None -> TraceDomain.empty (* get the node associated with [exp] in [access_tree] *) let exp_get_node ?(abstracted=false) exp typ { Domain.access_tree; id_map; } proc_data = let f_resolve_id = resolve_id id_map in match AccessPath.of_lhs_exp exp typ ~f_resolve_id with | Some raw_access_path -> let access_path = if abstracted then AccessPath.Abstracted raw_access_path else AccessPath.Exact raw_access_path in access_path_get_node access_path access_tree proc_data | None -> (* can't make an access path from [exp] *) None let analyze_assignment lhs_access_path rhs_exp rhs_typ astate proc_data = let rhs_node = match exp_get_node rhs_exp rhs_typ astate proc_data with | Some node -> node | None -> TaintDomain.empty_node in let access_tree = TaintDomain.add_node lhs_access_path rhs_node astate.Domain.access_tree in { astate with Domain.access_tree; } let analyze_id_assignment lhs_id rhs_exp rhs_typ ({ Domain.id_map; } as astate) = let f_resolve_id = resolve_id id_map in match AccessPath.of_lhs_exp rhs_exp rhs_typ ~f_resolve_id with | Some rhs_access_path -> let id_map' = IdMapDomain.add lhs_id rhs_access_path id_map in { astate with Domain.id_map = id_map'; } | None -> astate let add_source source ret_id ret_typ access_tree = let trace = TraceDomain.of_source source in let id_ap = AccessPath.Exact (AccessPath.of_id ret_id ret_typ) in TaintDomain.add_trace id_ap trace access_tree (** log any new reportable source-sink flows in [trace] *) let report_trace trace cur_site (proc_data : FormalMap.t ProcData.t) = let trace_of_pname pname = if Typ.Procname.equal pname (Procdesc.get_proc_name proc_data.pdesc) then (* read_summary will trigger ondemand analysis of the current proc. we don't want that. *) TraceDomain.empty else match Summary.read_summary proc_data.pdesc pname with | Some summary -> TaintDomain.trace_fold (fun acc _ trace -> TraceDomain.join trace acc) (TaintSpecification.of_summary_access_tree summary) TraceDomain.empty | None -> TraceDomain.empty in let pp_path_short fmt (_, sources_passthroughs, sinks_passthroughs) = let original_source = fst (List.hd_exn sources_passthroughs) in let final_sink = fst (List.hd_exn sinks_passthroughs) in F.fprintf fmt "%a -> %a" TraceDomain.Source.pp original_source TraceDomain.Sink.pp final_sink in let report_error path = let caller_pname = Procdesc.get_proc_name proc_data.pdesc in let msg = Localise.to_issue_id Localise.quandary_taint_error in let trace_str = F.asprintf "%a" pp_path_short path in let ltr = TraceDomain.to_loc_trace path in let exn = Exceptions.Checkers (msg, Localise.verbatim_desc trace_str) in Reporting.log_error caller_pname ~loc:(CallSite.loc cur_site) ~ltr exn in List.iter ~f:report_error (TraceDomain.get_reportable_paths ~cur_site trace ~trace_of_pname) let add_sinks sinks actuals ({ Domain.access_tree; id_map; } as astate) proc_data callee_site = let f_resolve_id = resolve_id id_map in (* add [sink] to the trace associated with the [formal_index]th actual *) let add_sink_to_actual access_tree_acc (sink_param : TraceDomain.Sink.parameter) = let actual_exp, actual_typ = List.nth_exn actuals sink_param.index in match AccessPath.of_lhs_exp actual_exp actual_typ ~f_resolve_id with | Some actual_ap_raw -> let actual_ap = let is_array_typ = match actual_typ with | Typ.Tptr (Tarray _, _) (* T* [] (Java-style) *) | Tptr (Tptr _, _) (* T** (C/C++ style 1) *) | Tarray _ (* T[] C/C++ style 2 *) -> true | _ -> false in (* conisder any sources that are reachable from an array *) if sink_param.report_reachable || is_array_typ then AccessPath.Abstracted actual_ap_raw else AccessPath.Exact actual_ap_raw in begin match access_path_get_node actual_ap access_tree_acc proc_data with | Some (actual_trace, _) -> let actual_trace' = TraceDomain.add_sink sink_param.sink actual_trace in report_trace actual_trace' callee_site proc_data; TaintDomain.add_trace actual_ap actual_trace' access_tree_acc | None -> access_tree_acc end | None -> access_tree_acc in let access_tree' = List.fold ~f:add_sink_to_actual ~init:access_tree sinks in { astate with Domain.access_tree = access_tree'; } let apply_summary ret_opt actuals summary (astate_in : Domain.astate) (proc_data : FormalMap.t ProcData.t) callee_site = let caller_access_tree = astate_in.access_tree in let get_caller_ap formal_ap = let apply_return ret_ap = match ret_opt with | Some (ret_id, _) -> AccessPath.with_base_var (Var.of_id ret_id) ret_ap | None -> failwith "Have summary for retval, but no ret id to bind it to!" in let get_actual_ap formal_index = let f_resolve_id = resolve_id astate_in.id_map in List.nth actuals formal_index |> Option.value_map ~f:(fun (actual_exp, actual_typ) -> AccessPath.of_lhs_exp actual_exp actual_typ ~f_resolve_id ) ~default:None in let project ~formal_ap ~actual_ap = let projected_ap = AccessPath.append actual_ap (snd (AccessPath.extract formal_ap)) in if AccessPath.is_exact formal_ap then AccessPath.Exact projected_ap else AccessPath.Abstracted projected_ap in let base_var, _ = fst (AccessPath.extract formal_ap) in match base_var with | Var.ProgramVar pvar -> if Pvar.is_return pvar then Some (apply_return formal_ap) else Some formal_ap | Var.LogicalVar id when Ident.is_footprint id -> begin (* summaries store the index of the formal parameter in the ident stamp *) match get_actual_ap (Ident.get_stamp id) with | Some actual_ap -> let projected_ap = project ~formal_ap ~actual_ap in Some projected_ap | None -> None end | _ -> None in let get_caller_ap_node_opt ap access_tree = let get_caller_node caller_ap = let caller_node_opt = access_path_get_node caller_ap access_tree proc_data in let caller_node = Option.value ~default:TaintDomain.empty_node caller_node_opt in caller_ap, caller_node in Option.map (get_caller_ap ap) ~f:get_caller_node in let replace_footprint_sources callee_trace caller_trace access_tree = let replace_footprint_source source acc = match TraceDomain.Source.get_footprint_access_path source with | Some footprint_access_path -> begin match get_caller_ap_node_opt footprint_access_path access_tree with | Some (_, (caller_ap_trace, _)) -> TraceDomain.join caller_ap_trace acc | None -> acc end | None -> acc in TraceDomain.Sources.fold replace_footprint_source (TraceDomain.sources callee_trace) caller_trace in let instantiate_and_report callee_trace caller_trace access_tree = let caller_trace' = replace_footprint_sources callee_trace caller_trace access_tree in let appended_trace = TraceDomain.append caller_trace' callee_trace callee_site in report_trace appended_trace callee_site proc_data; appended_trace in let add_to_caller_tree access_tree_acc callee_ap callee_trace = match get_caller_ap_node_opt callee_ap access_tree_acc with | Some (caller_ap, (caller_trace, caller_tree)) -> let trace = instantiate_and_report callee_trace caller_trace access_tree_acc in TaintDomain.add_node caller_ap (trace, caller_tree) access_tree_acc | None -> ignore (instantiate_and_report callee_trace TraceDomain.empty access_tree_acc); access_tree_acc in let access_tree = TaintDomain.trace_fold add_to_caller_tree (TaintSpecification.of_summary_access_tree summary) caller_access_tree in { astate_in with access_tree; } let exec_instr (astate : Domain.astate) (proc_data : FormalMap.t ProcData.t) _ instr = let f_resolve_id = resolve_id astate.id_map in match instr with | Sil.Load (lhs_id, rhs_exp, rhs_typ, _) -> analyze_id_assignment (Var.of_id lhs_id) rhs_exp rhs_typ astate | Sil.Store (Exp.Lvar lhs_pvar, lhs_typ, rhs_exp, _) when Pvar.is_ssa_frontend_tmp lhs_pvar -> analyze_id_assignment (Var.of_pvar lhs_pvar) rhs_exp lhs_typ astate | Sil.Store (Exp.Lvar lhs_pvar, _, Exp.Exn _, _) when Pvar.is_return lhs_pvar -> (* the Java frontend translates `throw Exception` as `return Exception`, which is a bit wonky. this translation causes problems for us in computing a summary when an exception is "returned" from a void function. skip code like this for now (fix via t14159157 later *) astate | Sil.Store (Exp.Lvar lhs_pvar, _, rhs_exp, _) when Pvar.is_return lhs_pvar && Exp.is_null_literal rhs_exp && Typ.equal Tvoid (Procdesc.get_ret_type proc_data.pdesc) -> (* similar to the case above; the Java frontend translates "return no exception" as `return null` in a void function *) astate | Sil.Store (lhs_exp, lhs_typ, rhs_exp, loc) -> let lhs_access_path = match AccessPath.of_lhs_exp lhs_exp lhs_typ ~f_resolve_id with | Some access_path -> access_path | None -> failwithf "Assignment to unexpected lhs expression %a in proc %a at loc %a" Exp.pp lhs_exp Typ.Procname.pp (Procdesc.get_proc_name (proc_data.pdesc)) Location.pp loc in let astate' = analyze_assignment (AccessPath.Exact lhs_access_path) rhs_exp lhs_typ astate proc_data in begin (* direct `exp = id` assignments are treated specially; we update the id map too. this is so future reads of `exp` will get the subtree associated with `id` (needed to handle the `id = foo(); exp = id case` and similar). *) match rhs_exp with | Exp.Var rhs_id -> let existing_accesses = try snd (IdMapDomain.find (Var.of_id rhs_id) astate'.Domain.id_map) with Not_found -> [] in let lhs_ap' = AccessPath.append lhs_access_path existing_accesses in let id_map' = IdMapDomain.add (Var.of_id rhs_id) lhs_ap' astate'.Domain.id_map in { astate' with Domain.id_map = id_map'; } | _ -> astate' end | Sil.Call (Some (ret_id, _), Const (Cfun callee_pname), args, loc, _) when BuiltinDecl.is_declared callee_pname -> if Typ.Procname.equal callee_pname BuiltinDecl.__cast then match args with | (cast_target, cast_typ) :: _ -> analyze_id_assignment (Var.of_id ret_id) cast_target cast_typ astate | _ -> failwithf "Unexpected cast %a in procedure %a at line %a" (Sil.pp_instr Pp.text) instr Typ.Procname.pp (Procdesc.get_proc_name (proc_data.pdesc)) Location.pp loc else astate | Sil.Call (ret, Const (Cfun called_pname), actuals, callee_loc, call_flags) -> let handle_unknown_call callee_pname astate = let is_variadic = match callee_pname with | Typ.Procname.Java pname -> begin match List.rev (Typ.Procname.java_get_parameters pname) with | (_, "java.lang.Object[]") :: _ -> true | _ -> false end | _ -> false in let should_taint_typ typ = is_variadic || TaintSpecification.is_taintable_type typ in let exp_join_traces trace_acc (exp, typ) = match exp_get_node ~abstracted:true exp typ astate proc_data with | Some (trace, _) -> TraceDomain.join trace trace_acc | None -> trace_acc in let propagate_to_access_path access_path actuals (astate : Domain.astate) = let initial_trace = access_path_get_trace access_path astate.access_tree proc_data in let trace_with_propagation = List.fold ~f:exp_join_traces ~init:initial_trace actuals in let filtered_sources = TraceDomain.Sources.filter (fun source -> match TraceDomain.Source.get_footprint_access_path source with | Some access_path -> Option.exists (AccessPath.Raw.get_typ (AccessPath.extract access_path) proc_data.tenv) ~f:should_taint_typ | None -> true) (TraceDomain.sources trace_with_propagation) in if TraceDomain.Sources.is_empty filtered_sources then astate else let trace' = TraceDomain.update_sources trace_with_propagation filtered_sources in let access_tree = TaintDomain.add_trace access_path trace' astate.access_tree in { astate with Domain.access_tree; } in let handle_unknown_call_ astate_acc propagation = match propagation, actuals, ret with | _, [], _ -> astate_acc | TaintSpec.Propagate_to_return, actuals, Some (ret_id, ret_typ) -> let ret_ap = AccessPath.Exact (AccessPath.of_id ret_id ret_typ) in propagate_to_access_path ret_ap actuals astate_acc | TaintSpec.Propagate_to_receiver, (receiver_exp, receiver_typ) :: (_ :: _ as other_actuals), _ -> begin match AccessPath.of_lhs_exp receiver_exp receiver_typ ~f_resolve_id with | Some ap -> propagate_to_access_path (AccessPath.Exact ap) other_actuals astate_acc | None -> (* this can happen when (for example) the receiver is a string literal *) astate_acc end | _ -> astate_acc in let propagations = TaintSpecification.handle_unknown_call callee_pname (Option.map ~f:snd ret) actuals proc_data.tenv in List.fold ~f:handle_unknown_call_ ~init:astate propagations in let analyze_call astate_acc callee_pname = let call_site = CallSite.make callee_pname callee_loc in let sinks = TraceDomain.Sink.get call_site actuals proc_data.ProcData.tenv in let astate_with_sink = match sinks with | [] -> astate | sinks -> add_sinks sinks actuals astate proc_data call_site in let source = TraceDomain.Source.get call_site proc_data.tenv in let astate_with_source = match source, ret with | Some source, Some (ret_id, ret_typ) -> let access_tree = add_source source ret_id ret_typ astate_with_sink.access_tree in { astate_with_sink with access_tree; } | Some _, None -> L.err "Warning: %a is marked as a source, but has no return value" Typ.Procname.pp callee_pname; astate_with_sink | None, _ -> astate_with_sink in let astate_with_summary = if sinks <> [] || Option.is_some source then (* don't use a summary for a procedure that is a direct source or sink *) astate_with_source else match Summary.read_summary proc_data.pdesc callee_pname with | Some summary -> apply_summary ret actuals summary astate_with_source proc_data call_site | None -> handle_unknown_call callee_pname astate_with_source in Domain.join astate_acc astate_with_summary in (* highly polymorphic call sites stress reactive mode too much by using too much memory. here, we choose an arbitrary call limit that allows us to finish the analysis in practice. this is obviously unsound; will try to remove in the future. *) let max_calls = 3 in let targets = if List.length call_flags.cf_targets <= max_calls then called_pname :: call_flags.cf_targets else begin L.out "Skipping highly polymorphic call site for %a@." Typ.Procname.pp called_pname; [called_pname] end in (* for each possible target of the call, apply the summary. join all results together *) List.fold ~f:analyze_call ~init:Domain.empty targets | Sil.Call _ -> failwith "Unimp: non-pname call expressions" | Sil.Nullify (pvar, _) -> let id_map = IdMapDomain.remove (Var.of_pvar pvar) astate.id_map in { astate with id_map; } | Sil.Remove_temps (ids, _) -> let id_map = List.fold ~f:(fun acc id -> IdMapDomain.remove (Var.of_id id) acc) ~init:astate.id_map ids in { astate with id_map; } | Sil.Prune _ | Abstract _ | Declare_locals _ -> astate end module Analyzer = AbstractInterpreter.Make (ProcCfg.Exceptional) (TransferFunctions) let make_summary formal_map access_tree = (* if a trace has footprint sources, attach them to the appropriate footprint var *) let access_tree' = TaintDomain.fold (fun access_tree_acc _ ((trace, _) as node) -> if TraceDomain.Sinks.is_empty (TraceDomain.sinks trace) then (* if this trace has no sinks, we don't need to attach it to anything *) access_tree_acc else TraceDomain.Sources.fold (fun source acc -> match TraceDomain.Source.get_footprint_access_path source with | Some footprint_access_path -> let node' = match TaintDomain.get_node footprint_access_path acc with | Some n -> TaintDomain.node_join node n | None -> node in TaintDomain.add_node footprint_access_path node' acc | None -> acc) (TraceDomain.sources trace) access_tree_acc) access_tree access_tree in (* should only be used on nodes associated with a footprint base *) let is_empty_node (trace, tree) = TraceDomain.Sinks.is_empty (TraceDomain.sinks trace) && match tree with | TaintDomain.Subtree subtree -> TaintDomain.AccessMap.is_empty subtree | TaintDomain.Star -> true in (* replace formal names with footprint vars for their indices. For example, for `foo(o)`, we'll replace `o` with FP(1) *) let with_footprint_vars = AccessPath.BaseMap.fold (fun base ((trace, subtree) as node) acc -> if is_global base || is_return base then AccessPath.BaseMap.add base node acc else if is_footprint base then if is_empty_node node then acc else let node' = if TraceDomain.Sinks.is_empty (TraceDomain.sinks trace) then TraceDomain.empty, subtree else node in AccessPath.BaseMap.add base node' acc else match FormalMap.get_formal_index base formal_map with | Some formal_index -> let base' = make_footprint_var formal_index, snd base in let joined_node = try TaintDomain.node_join (AccessPath.BaseMap.find base' acc) node with Not_found -> node in if is_empty_node joined_node then acc else AccessPath.BaseMap.add base' joined_node acc | None -> (* base is a local var *) acc) access_tree' TaintDomain.empty in TaintSpecification.to_summary_access_tree with_footprint_vars module Interprocedural = AbstractInterpreter.Interprocedural(Summary) let checker ({ Callbacks.tenv; } as callback) : Specs.summary = (* bind parameters to a trace with a tainted source (if applicable) *) let make_initial pdesc = let pname = Procdesc.get_proc_name pdesc in let access_tree = List.fold ~f:(fun acc (name, typ, taint_opt) -> match taint_opt with | Some source -> let base_ap = AccessPath.Exact (AccessPath.of_pvar (Pvar.mk name pname) typ) in TaintDomain.add_trace base_ap (TraceDomain.of_source source) acc | None -> acc) ~init:TaintDomain.empty (TraceDomain.Source.get_tainted_formals pdesc tenv) in if TaintDomain.BaseMap.is_empty access_tree then Domain.empty else { Domain.empty with Domain.access_tree; } in let compute_post (proc_data : FormalMap.t ProcData.t) = if not (Procdesc.did_preanalysis proc_data.pdesc) then begin Preanal.do_liveness proc_data.pdesc proc_data.tenv; Preanal.do_dynamic_dispatch proc_data.pdesc (Cg.create SourceFile.invalid) proc_data.tenv; end; let initial = make_initial proc_data.pdesc in match Analyzer.compute_post proc_data ~initial with | Some { access_tree; } -> Some (make_summary proc_data.extras access_tree) | None -> if Procdesc.Node.get_succs (Procdesc.get_start_node proc_data.pdesc) <> [] then failwith "Couldn't compute post" else None in let make_extras = FormalMap.make in Interprocedural.compute_and_store_post ~compute_post ~make_extras callback end