|
|
|
|
1.什么是封装,如何使用封装
|
|
|
|
|
package case1;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
public class TestPersonDemo {
|
|
|
|
|
public static void main(String[] args) {
|
|
|
|
|
/********* begin *********/
|
|
|
|
|
// 声明并实例化一Person对象p
|
|
|
|
|
Person p = new Person();
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
// 给p中的属性赋值
|
|
|
|
|
p.setName("张三");
|
|
|
|
|
p.setAge("18岁");
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
// 调用Person类中的talk()方法
|
|
|
|
|
p.talk();
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/********* end *********/
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
// 在这里定义Person类
|
|
|
|
|
class Person {
|
|
|
|
|
/********* begin *********/
|
|
|
|
|
private String name;
|
|
|
|
|
private String age;
|
|
|
|
|
public String getName(){
|
|
|
|
|
return name;
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
public void setName(String name){
|
|
|
|
|
this.name = name;
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
public String getAge(){
|
|
|
|
|
return age;
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
public void setAge(String age){
|
|
|
|
|
this.age = age;
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
public void talk(){
|
|
|
|
|
System.out.print("我是:"+name+",今年:"+age);
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
/********* end *********/
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
2.什么是继承,怎样使用继承
|
|
|
|
|
package case2;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
public class extendsTest {
|
|
|
|
|
public static void main(String args[]) {
|
|
|
|
|
// 实例化一个Cat对象,设置属性name和age,调用voice()和eat()方法,再打印出名字和年龄信息
|
|
|
|
|
/********* begin *********/
|
|
|
|
|
Cat c=new Cat("大花猫",6);
|
|
|
|
|
c.voice("大花猫");
|
|
|
|
|
c.eat("大花猫");
|
|
|
|
|
System.out.println(c.getName()+c.getAge()+"岁");
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/********* end *********/
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
// 实例化一个Dog对象,设置属性name和age,调用voice()和eat()方法,再打印出名字和年龄信息
|
|
|
|
|
/********* begin *********/
|
|
|
|
|
Dog d=new Dog("大黑狗",8);
|
|
|
|
|
d.voice("大黑狗");
|
|
|
|
|
d.eat("大黑狗");
|
|
|
|
|
System.out.println(d.getName()+d.getAge()+"岁");
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/********* end *********/
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
class Animal {
|
|
|
|
|
/********* begin *********/
|
|
|
|
|
private String name;
|
|
|
|
|
private int age;
|
|
|
|
|
public Animal(String name,int age){
|
|
|
|
|
this.name = name;
|
|
|
|
|
this.age =age;
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
public String getName(){
|
|
|
|
|
return name;
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
public void setName(String name){
|
|
|
|
|
this.name=name;
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
public int getAge(){
|
|
|
|
|
return age;
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
public void setAge(int age){
|
|
|
|
|
this.age = age;
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/********* end *********/
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
class Cat extends Animal {
|
|
|
|
|
// 定义Cat类的voice()和eat()方法
|
|
|
|
|
/********* begin *********/
|
|
|
|
|
public Cat(String name,int age){
|
|
|
|
|
super(name,age);
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
public void voice(String name){
|
|
|
|
|
System.out.println(name+"喵喵叫");
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
public void eat(String name){
|
|
|
|
|
System.out.println(name+"吃鱼");
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/********* end *********/
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
class Dog extends Animal {
|
|
|
|
|
// 定义Dog类的voice()和eat()方法
|
|
|
|
|
/********* begin *********/
|
|
|
|
|
public Dog(String name,int age){
|
|
|
|
|
super(name,age);
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
public void voice(String name){
|
|
|
|
|
System.out.println(name+"汪汪叫");
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
public void eat(String name){
|
|
|
|
|
System.out.println(name+"吃骨头");
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/********* end *********/
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
3.方法的重写与重载
|
|
|
|
|
package case4;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
public class overridingTest {
|
|
|
|
|
public static void main(String[] args) {
|
|
|
|
|
// 实例化子类对象s,调用talk()方法打印信息
|
|
|
|
|
/********* begin *********/
|
|
|
|
|
Student s=new Student("张三",18,"哈佛大学");
|
|
|
|
|
s.talk();
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/********* end *********/
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
class Person {
|
|
|
|
|
/********* begin *********/
|
|
|
|
|
String name;
|
|
|
|
|
int age;
|
|
|
|
|
public void talk(){
|
|
|
|
|
System.out.println("我是:"+name+"今年:"+age+"岁");
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/********* end *********/
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
class Student extends Person {
|
|
|
|
|
/********* begin *********/
|
|
|
|
|
String school;
|
|
|
|
|
Student(String name,int age,String school){
|
|
|
|
|
this.name=name;
|
|
|
|
|
this.age=age;
|
|
|
|
|
this.school=school;
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
public void talk(){
|
|
|
|
|
System.out.print("我是:"+name+","+"今年:"+age+"岁"+","+"我在"+school+"上学");
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
/********* end *********/
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
4.抽象类
|
|
|
|
|
package case5;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
public class abstractTest {
|
|
|
|
|
public static void main(String[] args) {
|
|
|
|
|
/********* begin *********/
|
|
|
|
|
// 分别实例化Student类与Worker类的对象,并调用各自构造方法初始化类属性。
|
|
|
|
|
Student s=new Student("张三",20,"学生");
|
|
|
|
|
Worker w=new Worker("李四",30,"工人");
|
|
|
|
|
// 分别调用各自类中被复写的talk()方 印息
|
|
|
|
|
s.talk();
|
|
|
|
|
w.talk();
|
|
|
|
|
/********* end *********/
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
// 声明一个名为Person的抽象类,在Person中声明了三个属性name age occupation和一个抽象方法——talk()。
|
|
|
|
|
abstract class Person {
|
|
|
|
|
/********* begin *********/
|
|
|
|
|
String name;
|
|
|
|
|
int age;
|
|
|
|
|
String occupation;
|
|
|
|
|
abstract void talk();
|
|
|
|
|
/********* end *********/
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
// Student类继承自Person类,添加带三个参数的构造方法,复写talk()方法 返回姓名、年龄和职业信息
|
|
|
|
|
class Student extends Person {
|
|
|
|
|
/********* begin *********/
|
|
|
|
|
public Student(String name,int age,String occupation){
|
|
|
|
|
this.name=name;
|
|
|
|
|
this.age=age;
|
|
|
|
|
this.occupation=occupation;
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
public void talk(){
|
|
|
|
|
System.out.println("学生——>姓名:"+this.name+","+"年龄:"+this.age+","+"职业:"+this.occupation+"!");
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
/********* end *********/
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
// Worker类继承自Person类,添加带三个参数的构造方法,复写talk()方法 返回姓名、年龄和职业信息
|
|
|
|
|
class Worker extends Person {
|
|
|
|
|
/********* begin *********/
|
|
|
|
|
public Worker(String name,int age,String occupation){
|
|
|
|
|
this.name=name;
|
|
|
|
|
this.age=age;
|
|
|
|
|
this.occupation=occupation;
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
public void talk(){
|
|
|
|
|
System.out.println("工人——>姓名:"+this.name+","+"年龄:"+this.age+","+"职业:"+this.occupation+"!");
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
/********* end *********/
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
5.接口
|
|
|
|
|
package case7;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
public class interfaceTest {
|
|
|
|
|
public static void main(String[] args) {
|
|
|
|
|
// 实例化一Student的对象s,并调用talk()方法,打印信息
|
|
|
|
|
/********* begin *********/
|
|
|
|
|
Student s=new Student();
|
|
|
|
|
System.out.println(s.talk());
|
|
|
|
|
/********* end *********/
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
// 声明一个Person接口,并在里面声明三个常量:name、age和occupation,并分别赋值,声明一抽象方法talk()
|
|
|
|
|
interface Person {
|
|
|
|
|
/********* begin *********/
|
|
|
|
|
final String name="张三";
|
|
|
|
|
final int age=18;
|
|
|
|
|
final String occupation="学生";
|
|
|
|
|
abstract String talk();
|
|
|
|
|
/********* end *********/
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
// Student类继承自Person类 复写talk()方法返回姓名、年龄和职业信息
|
|
|
|
|
class Student implements Person {
|
|
|
|
|
/********* begin *********/
|
|
|
|
|
public String talk(){
|
|
|
|
|
return "学生——>姓名:"+this.name+","+"年龄:"+this.age+","+"职业:"+this.occupation+"!";
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
/********* end *********/
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
6.什么是多态,怎么使用多态
|
|
|
|
|
package case8;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
public class TestPolymorphism {
|
|
|
|
|
public static void main(String[] args) {
|
|
|
|
|
// 以多态方式分别实例化子类对象并调用eat()方法
|
|
|
|
|
/********* begin *********/
|
|
|
|
|
Animal dog=new Dog();
|
|
|
|
|
dog.eat();
|
|
|
|
|
Animal cat=new Cat();
|
|
|
|
|
cat.eat();
|
|
|
|
|
Animal lion=new Lion();
|
|
|
|
|
lion.eat();
|
|
|
|
|
/********* end *********/
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
// Animal类中定义eat()方法
|
|
|
|
|
class Animal {
|
|
|
|
|
/********* begin *********/
|
|
|
|
|
public void eat(){
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
/********* end *********/
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
// Dog类继承Animal类 复写eat()方法
|
|
|
|
|
class Dog extends Animal {
|
|
|
|
|
/********* begin *********/
|
|
|
|
|
public void eat(){
|
|
|
|
|
System.out.println("eating bread...");
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
/********* end *********/
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
// Cat类继承Animal类 复写eat()方法
|
|
|
|
|
class Cat extends Animal {
|
|
|
|
|
/********* begin *********/
|
|
|
|
|
public void eat(){
|
|
|
|
|
System.out.println("eating rat...");
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
/********* end *********/
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
// Lion类继承Animal类 复写eat()方法
|
|
|
|
|
class Lion extends Animal {
|
|
|
|
|
/********* begin *********/
|
|
|
|
|
public void eat(){
|
|
|
|
|
System.out.println("eating meat...");
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
/********* end *********/
|
|
|
|
|
}
|