vc1/README.md

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <algorithm>
#include <fstream>
#include <windows.h>

using namespace std;

#define INDEL_CHAR '-'
int MATCH = 1, DIS_MATCH = -1, INDEL = -3;
char choice;

class ResUnit  		//一次双序列比对后的结果
{
	public:
		string str1;	//原始序列1
		string str2;	//原始序列2
		string res1;	//结果序列1
		string res2;	//结果序列2
		int score;		//序列总得分，反映两个序列的相似程度
		int tag;		//禁止迭代多次
};

class SingleSeq  	//一个序列被整合后的样子
{
	public:
		string str;		//一个序列的原始序列
		string res;		//一个序列被整合后的样子
};

struct BacktrackingUnit {
	int goUp;		//是否向上回溯
	int goLeftUp;	//是否向左上回溯
	int goLeft;		//是否向左回溯
	int score;		//得分矩阵第(i, j)这个单元的分值
};

typedef struct BacktrackingUnit *unitLine;

struct SequenceUnit {
	string *str1;	//匹配序列1
	string *str2;	//匹配序列2
	int score;
};

/*
比较三种路径之间谁最大
f(i-1,j-1),f(i-1,j)+indel,f(i,j-1)+indel
*/

int max3(int a, int b, int c)
{
	return max(max(a, b), c);
}

/*
比较两个字符类型属于什么，match，dismatch，indel
*/

int myCompare(char a, char b)
{
	if (a == b)
		return MATCH;
	else if (a == ' ' || b == ' ')
		return INDEL;
	return DIS_MATCH;
}

ResUnit traceback(unitLine **item, const int i, const int j, string str1,

                  string str2, string res1, string res2, int n, ResUnit resUnit)


{
	unitLine temp = item[i][j];
	if (resUnit.tag != 1) {
		if (!(i || j)) {   // 到矩阵单元(0, 0)才算结束，这代表初始的两个字符串的每个字符都被比对到了
			resUnit.str1 = str1;
			resUnit.str2 = str2;
			resUnit.res1 = res1;
			resUnit.res2 = res2;
			resUnit.tag = 1;
			return resUnit;
		}
		if (temp->goUp) {    // 向上回溯一格
			res1 = str1[i - 1] + res1;
			res2 = INDEL_CHAR + res2;
			resUnit = traceback(item, i - 1, j, str1, str2, res1, res2, n + 1, resUnit);
		}
		if (temp->goLeftUp) {    // 向左上回溯一格
			res1 = str1[i - 1] + res1;
			res2 = str2[j - 1] + res2;
			resUnit = traceback(item, i - 1, j - 1, str1, str2, res1, res2, n + 1, resUnit);
		}
		if (temp->goLeft) {    // 向左回溯一格
			res1 = INDEL_CHAR + res1;
			res2 = str2[j - 1] + res2;
			resUnit = traceback(item, i, j - 1, str1, str2, res1, res2, n + 1, resUnit);
		}
		return resUnit;
	}
	return resUnit;
}

ResUnit NeedlemanWunch(string str1, string str2)
{
	//字符串str1,str2长度
	const int m = str1.length();
	const int n = str2.length();
	int m1, m2, m3, mm;
	unitLine **unit;

	// 初始化
	if ((unit = (unitLine **)malloc(sizeof(unitLine *) * (m + 1))) == NULL) {
		fputs("Error: Out of space!\n", stderr);
		exit(1);
	}

	for (int i = 0; i <= m; i++) {
		if ((unit[i] = (unitLine *)malloc(sizeof(unitLine) * (n + 1))) == NULL) {
			fputs("Error: Out of space!\n", stderr);
			exit(1);
		}
		for (int j = 0; j <= n; j++) {
			if ((unit[i][j] = (unitLine)malloc(sizeof(struct BacktrackingUnit))) == NULL) {
				fputs("Error: Out of space!\n", stderr);
				exit(1);
			}
			unit[i][j]->goUp = 0;
			unit[i][j]->goLeftUp = 0;
			unit[i][j]->goLeft = 0;
		}
	}
	unit[0][0]->score = 0;

	for (int i = 1; i <= m; i++) {
		unit[i][0]->score = INDEL * i;
		unit[i][0]->goUp = 1;
	}

	for (int j = 1; j <= n; j++) {
		unit[0][j]->score = INDEL * j;
		unit[0][j]->goLeft = 1;
	}

	// 动态规划算法计算得分矩阵每个单元的分值
	for (int i = 1; i <= m; i++) {
		for (int j = 1; j <= n; j++) {
			m1 = unit[i - 1][j]->score + INDEL;
			m2 = unit[i - 1][j - 1]->score + myCompare(str1[i - 1], str2[j - 1]);
			m3 = unit[i][j - 1]->score + INDEL;
			mm = max3(m1, m2, m3);
			unit[i][j]->score = mm;
			//判断路径来源
			if (m1 == mm)
				unit[i][j]->goUp = 1;
			if (m2 == mm)
				unit[i][j]->goLeftUp = 1;
			if (m3 == mm)
				unit[i][j]->goLeft = 1;
		}
	}

	//开始回溯
	ResUnit res;
	res.tag = 0;
	res = traceback(unit, m, n, str1, str2, "", "", 0, res);
	res.score = unit[m][n]->score;

	//释放内存
	for (int i = 0; i <= m; i++) {
		for (int j = 0; j <= n; j++) {
			free(unit[i][j]);
		}
		free(unit[i]);
	}
	free(unit);
	//返回值
	return res;
}

bool legal_string(string s)
{
	for (unsigned i = 0; i < s.size(); i++) {
		if (s[i] != 'A' && s[i] != 'T' && s[i] != 'C' && s[i] != 'G')
			return false;
	}
	return true;
}

void read(string &a, string &b)
{
	char c;
	if (!choice) {
		while (true) {
			cout << "请选择：\n1.输出到显示屏\n2.输出为文本\n";
			cin >> choice;
			if (choice != '1' && choice != '2') {
				cout << "#请选择合法的选项！\n";
				Sleep(1000);
			} else
				break;
		}
	}

	while (true) {
		cout << "请输入需要比对的基因序列：\n序列一:";
		cin >> a;
		if (legal_string(a))
			break;
		else {
			cout << "#请输入合法的基因序列！\n";
			Sleep(1000);
		}
	}

	while (true) {
		cout << "序列二:";
		cin >> b;
		if (legal_string(b))
			break;
		else {
			cout << "#请输入合法的基因序列！\n";
			Sleep(1000);
		}
	}

	while (true) {
		cout << "请选择比对规则:\n1.空缺优先（默认）\n2.错误优先\n3.没有优先\n";
		cin >> c;
		if (c != '1' && c != '2' && c != '3') {
			cout << "#请选择合法的选项！\n";
			Sleep(1000);
		} else
			break;
	}

	if (c == '2') {
		DIS_MATCH = -3;
		INDEL = -1;

	} else if (c == '3') {
		DIS_MATCH = INDEL = -1;
	}
}

int main()
{
	while (true) {
		string a, b;
		read(a, b);
		ResUnit s = NeedlemanWunch(a, b);
		if (choice == '2') {
			ofstream ofile{"ANS.txt", ios::out};
			ofile << s.res1 << endl;
			ofile << s.res2 << endl;
			ofile.close();
		} else {
			cout << s.res1 << endl;
			cout << s.res2 << endl;
		}
		Sleep(2000);
		cout << "请选择：\n1.继续比对\n2.停止比对\n";
		char c;
		while (true) {
			cin >> c;
			if (c != '1' && c != '2') {
				cout << "#请选择合法的选项！\n";
				Sleep(1000);
			} else
				break;
		}
		if (c == '2')
			break;
	}
	return 0;
}

/*
"GGATCGA"
"GAATTCAGTTA"
*/