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import tkinter as tk
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from tkinter import messagebox
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import re
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from math import *
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# 创建主窗口
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window = tk.Tk()
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# 设置窗口大小和位置
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window.geometry('520x300+600+300')
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# 不允许改变窗口大小
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window.resizable(False, False)
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# 设置窗口标题
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window.title('计算器')
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# 背景颜色,例：window.config(background="BlueViolet")
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window.config(background="Blue")
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# 自动刷新字符串变量，可用 set 和 get 方法进行传值和取值
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content_var = tk.StringVar(window, '')
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# 创建单行文本框
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content_entry = tk.Entry(window, textvariable=content_var, bd=10)
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# 设置文本框为只读
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content_entry['state'] = 'readonly'
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# 设置文本框坐标及宽高
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content_entry.place(x=20, y=10, width=300, height=38)
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# 记录计算过程
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record_text = tk.Text(window, wrap=tk.WORD, height=10)
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record_text.place(x=320, y=50, width=180, height=240)
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# 按钮显示内容
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values = ['eˣ', 'π', '**', '%', '//', 'ln',
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'√', '⌫', '(', ')', '/', 'lg',
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'x!', '7', '8', '9', '*', 'tan',
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'x³', '4', '5', '6', '-', 'cos',
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'x²', '1', '2', '3', '+', 'sin']
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# 其余特殊按钮
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value = ['+/-', 'C', '0', '.', '=']
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index_s = 0
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index = 0
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# 将按钮进行 5x6 放置
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for row in range(5):
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for col in range(6):
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d = values[index_s]
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index_s += 1
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if row == 1:
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if col == 1 or col == 2 or col == 3:
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btn_digit = tk.Button(window, text=d, font=("Helvetica", 14, "bold"),
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command=lambda x=d: onclick(x), bg="gray", fg="black")
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btn_digit.place(x=20 + col * 50, y=50 + row * 40, width=50, height=40)
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elif col == 0 or col == 4:
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btn_digit = tk.Button(window, text=d, font=("Helvetica", 14, "bold"),
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command=lambda x=d: onclick(x), bg="DeepSkyBlue", fg="purple")
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btn_digit.place(x=20 + col * 50, y=50 + row * 40, width=50, height=40)
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else:
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btn_digit = tk.Button(window, text=d, font=("Helvetica", 14, "bold"),
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command=lambda x=d: onclick(x), bg="orange", fg="blue")
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btn_digit.place(x=20 + col * 50, y=50 + row * 40, width=50, height=40)
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elif row == 2 or row == 3 or row == 4:
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if col == 1 or col == 2 or col == 3:
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btn_digit = tk.Button(window, text=d, font=("Helvetica", 14, "bold"),
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command=lambda x=d: onclick(x), bg="LightPink", fg="red")
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btn_digit.place(x=20 + col * 50, y=50 + row * 40, width=50, height=40)
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elif col == 0 or col == 4:
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btn_digit = tk.Button(window, text=d, font=("Helvetica", 14, "bold"),
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command=lambda x=d: onclick(x), bg="DeepSkyBlue", fg="purple")
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btn_digit.place(x=20 + col * 50, y=50 + row * 40, width=50, height=40)
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else:
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btn_digit = tk.Button(window, text=d, font=("Helvetica", 14, "bold"),
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command=lambda x=d: onclick(x), bg="orange", fg="blue")
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btn_digit.place(x=20 + col * 50, y=50 + row * 40, width=50, height=40)
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elif col == 5:
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btn_digit = tk.Button(window, text=d, font=("Helvetica", 14, "bold"),
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command=lambda x=d: onclick(x), bg="orange", fg="blue")
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btn_digit.place(x=20 + col * 50, y=50 + row * 40, width=50, height=40)
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else:
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btn_digit = tk.Button(window, text=d, font=("Helvetica", 14, "bold"),
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command=lambda x=d: onclick(x), bg="DeepSkyBlue", fg="purple")
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btn_digit.place(x=20 + col * 50, y=50 + row * 40, width=50, height=40)
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for leo in range(5):
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c = value[index]
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index += 1
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if leo == 2:
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btn_digit = tk.Button(window, text=c, font=("Helvetica", 14, "bold"),
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command=lambda x=c: onclick(x), bg="LightPink", fg="red")
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btn_digit.place(x=20 + leo * 50, y=250, width=50, height=40)
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elif leo == 0:
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btn_digit = tk.Button(window, text=c, font=("Helvetica", 14, "bold"),
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command=lambda x=c: onclick(x), bg="SpringGreen", fg="red")
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btn_digit.place(x=20 + leo * 50, y=250, width=50, height=40)
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elif leo == 1:
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btn_digit = tk.Button(window, text=c, font=("Helvetica", 14, "bold"),
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command=lambda x=c: onclick(x), bg="yellow", fg="red")
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btn_digit.place(x=20 + leo * 50, y=250, width=50, height=40)
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elif leo == 3:
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btn_digit = tk.Button(window, text=c, font=("Helvetica", 14, "bold"),
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command=lambda x=c: onclick(x), bg="SkyBlue", fg="red")
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btn_digit.place(x=20 + leo * 50, y=250, width=50, height=40)
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else:
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btn_digit = tk.Button(window, text=c, font=("Helvetica", 14, "bold"),
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command=lambda x=c: onclick(x), bg="LightCoral", fg="black")
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btn_digit.place(x=220, y=250, width=100, height=40)
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lab_text_record = tk.Label(window, text='历史记录', font=("Helvetica", 14, "bold"), bg="white", fg="black")
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lab_text_record.place(x=320, y=10, width=180, height=40)
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# 添加清除历史记录按钮
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btn_clear_record = tk.Button(window, text='清除记录', font=("Helvetica", 14, "bold"),
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command=lambda: record_text.delete(1.0, tk.END), bg="white", fg="black")
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btn_clear_record.place(x=320, y=250, width=180, height=40)
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# 点击事件
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def onclick(key):
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# 运算符
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operation = ('+', '-', '*', '/', '**', '//', '%')
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# 获取文本框中的内容
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content = content_var.get()
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# 如果已有内容是以小数点开头的，在前面加 0
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if content.startswith('.'):
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content = '0' + content # 字符串可以直接用+来增加字符
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# 根据不同的按钮作出不同的反应
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if key in '0123456789':
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# 按下 0-9 在 content 中追加
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content += key
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elif key == '.':
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# 将 content 从 +-*/ 这些字符的地方分割开来
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last_part = re.split(r'[+\-*/]', content)[-1]
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if '.' in last_part:
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# 信息提示对话框
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tk.messagebox.showerror('错误', '数字只有一个小数点，所以不能再次点击！')
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return
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else:
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content += key
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elif key == 'C':
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# 清除文本框
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content = ''
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elif key == '=':
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try:
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# 对输入的表达式求值
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result = str(eval(content.replace("π", str(pi)).replace("rad", "radians")))
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record_text.insert(tk.END, f"{content} = {result}\n")
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content = result
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except ZeroDivisionError:
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tk.messagebox.showerror('错误', '这个值太大了，以至于无法算出其值，0不能作为除数！')
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return
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except Exception as e:
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tk.messagebox.showerror('错误', f'无效表达式: {e}')
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return
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elif key in operation:
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if content.endswith(operation):
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tk.messagebox.showerror('错误', '运算符号之间不能直接连接，需要加入数值！')
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return
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content += key
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elif key == '+/-':
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# 将正负号切换
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if content.startswith('-'):
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content = content[1:]
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else:
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content = '-' + content
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elif key in '()':
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# 直接在内容后面追加括号
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content += key
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elif key == '√':
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# 从 . 处分割存入 n，n 是一个列表
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n = content.split('.')
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# 如果列表中所有的都是数字，就是为了检查表达式是不是正确的
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if all(map(lambda x: x.isdigit(), n)):
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content = sqrt(eval(content))
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else:
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tk.messagebox.showerror('错误', '在实数范围内，负数不能算数平方根！')
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return
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elif key == 'eˣ':
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# 添加常数e的x次方,content = exp(eval(content))
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content += 'e**'
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elif key == '⌫':
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# 删除最后一个字符
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content = content[:-1]
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elif key == 'x²':
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# 计算平方
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try:
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content = str(float(content) ** 2)
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except Exception as e:
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tk.messagebox.showerror('错误', f'无效表达式: {e}')
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return
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elif key == 'x³':
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# 计算立方
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try:
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content = str(float(content) ** 3)
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except Exception as e:
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tk.messagebox.showerror('错误', f'无效表达式: {e}')
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return
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elif key == 'x!':
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# 计算阶乘
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try:
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num = int(content)
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if num < 0:
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tk.messagebox.showerror('错误', '请输入一个非负整数进行阶乘运算！')
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return
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content = str(factorial(num))
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except ValueError:
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tk.messagebox.showerror('错误', '请输入一个非负整数进行阶乘运算！')
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return
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except Exception as e:
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tk.messagebox.showerror('错误', f'无效的表达式: {e}')
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return
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elif key == 'π':
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# 添加常数π
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content += 'π'
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elif key == 'sin':
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# 计算sin值,content = sin(eval(content))
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content += 'sin('
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elif key == 'cos':
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# 计算cos值,content = cos(eval(content))
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content += 'cos('
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elif key == 'tan':
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# 计算tan值,content = tan(eval(content))
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content += 'tan('
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elif key == 'lg':
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# 计算常数对数lg的值,content = log10(eval(content))
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content += 'log10('
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elif key == 'ln':
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# 计算自然对数ln的值,content = log(eval(content))
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content += 'log('
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elif key == 'rad':
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# 当输入数字到三角函数运算时，默认为弧度制。
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content = str(eval(content)) + ' rad'
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# 将结果显示到文本框中
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content_var.set(content)
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# 运行主循环
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window.mainloop()
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# 2 + 9 * ((3*12) - 8) // 10 = 27
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# 3 * 4 ** 2 // 8 % 7 = 6
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# 3 + 5 % 6 * 2 // 8 = 4
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