ProgramDesignBase_23_aut_Exp2_StuInfoManagementSys/Array.h

#ifndef ARRAY_INCLUDED

#include<assert.h>
#include<malloc.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<string.h>
/*带有assert的安全分配内存*/
void *malloc_s(int _size){
    assert(_size > 0);
    void *malloc_ptr = malloc(_size);
    assert(malloc_ptr != NULL);
    return malloc_ptr;
}
/*字符串变量的创建与复制*/
char *malloc_s_strcpy(const char *const src){
    //申请char[]时需要多分配几个位置用于存放'\0'结束符
    char *dst = malloc_s(strlen(src)+2);
    strcpy(dst, src);
    return dst;
}
/*MARCO:根据类型安全分配内存*/
#define MALLOC_S(TypeName) (TypeName *)(malloc_s(sizeof(TypeName)))
/*链表单元*/
struct Array_{
    void *p; /*内容数据*/
    struct Array_ *next;
};
/*通过单向链表实现的动态数组，需要指定内置数据的类型*/
struct Array{
    struct Array_ *front, *back; /*头尾节点*/
    int TypeSize;   /*内置类型的大小（不包含动态数据的纯大小）*/
    int size;       /*总体大小*/
};
/*链表初始化*/
void Array_create(struct Array *a, int ts)
{
    assert("Array_create" && ts > 0);
    a->TypeSize = ts;
    a->size = 0;
    a->back = a->front = NULL;
}
void Array_release_(struct Array_ *a, struct Array_ *back, void (*rel)(void *)){
    if(a == back) return ;
    Array_release_(a->next, back, rel);
    rel(a->p);
    free(a->p);
    free(a);
}
/*释放动态分配的内存，需要指定释放内部动态成员的方法*/
void Array_release(struct Array *a, void (*rel)(void *)){
    Array_release_(a->front, a->back, rel);
    a->size = 0;
    a->back = a->front = NULL;
}
/*返回指定位置的Array_*指针
配合PAT宏获取内部数据*/
struct Array_ *Array(struct Array *a, int pos){
    assert("Array[pos]" && pos >= 0 && pos < a->size);
    struct Array_ *node = a->front;
    for(int i = 0; i < pos; i ++) node = node->next;
    return node;
}
/*在pos前插入*/
void Array_insert(struct Array *a, void *p, int pos)
{
    assert("Array_insert" && pos >= 0 && pos <= a->size);
    struct Array_ *newNode, *node = a->front;
    newNode = MALLOC_S(struct Array_);
    newNode->p = malloc_s(a->TypeSize);
    memcpy(newNode->p, p, a->TypeSize);
    if(pos == 0){
        newNode->next = a->front;
        a->front = newNode;
    }else{
        for(int i = 0; i < pos-1; i ++) node = node->next;
        newNode->next = node->next;
        node->next = newNode;
    }
    a->size += 1;
}
/*删除pos位置的Array_节点*/
void Array_delete_pos(struct Array *a, int pos, void (*rel_)(void *)){
    assert("Array_delete" && pos >= 0 && pos < a->size && a->size != 0);
    struct Array_ *node = a->front, *freeNode;
    if(pos == 0){
        freeNode = a->front;
        a->front = a->front->next;
        rel_(freeNode->p);
        free(freeNode);
    }else{
        for(int i = 0; i < pos-1; i ++) node = node->next;
        freeNode = node->next;
        node->next = node->next->next;
        rel_(freeNode->p);
        free(freeNode);
    }
    a->size--;
}
/*删除node所指向的Array节点的下一个*/
void Array_delete_p(struct Array *a, struct Array_ *node, void (*rel_)(void *)){
    assert("Array_delete_p" && node != a->back);
    struct Array_ *freeNode;
    freeNode = node->next;
    node->next = node->next->next;
    rel_(freeNode->p);
    free(freeNode);
    a->size--;
}p指针*/
void Array__swap(struct Array_ *a, struct Array_ *b){
    void *t = b->p;
    b->p = a->p;
    a->p = t;
}
/*
带有reverse选项的冒泡排序，默认(reverse == 0)是升序
func(a,b)为排序所依据的比较函数
a>b:>0
a==b:0
a < b:<0
*/
void Array_sort(struct Array *a, int (*func)(void *, void *), int reverse){
    reverse = reverse ? -1 : 1;
    struct Array_ *sorted = a->back, *p;
    while(a->front->next != sorted){
        for(p = a->front; p->next != sorted; p = p->next)
            if(reverse*func(p->p,p->next->p) > 0)
                Array__swap(p, p->next);
        sorted = p;
    }
}
/*指定类型 转换(void)Array.p中的内容*/
#define PAT(TypeName, Array_Pointer) ((TypeName *)Array_Pointer->p)
/*链表的遍历*/
#define Range(arr) for(struct Array_ *p = arr.front; p != arr.back; p = p->next)
/*链表指定类型的初始化*/
#define DEF_ARRAY(Type, name) 


void DoNothing(){}
/*记录每Array容器对象的信息*/
struct ArrayObjects{
    void *p_obj;    /*Array对象的地址*/
};
/*为每一个Array容器类实现释放管理*/
struct ArrayClass{
    char *TypeName;     /*容器内置类型的名称*/
    void (*rel_)(void *);/*释放Array对象内部单个元素数据的方式*/
    struct Array objects;/*该内置类型所有Array对象的信息*/
};
/*存储所有Array容器类*/
struct Array ArrayList;
/*以TypeName注册一个新的ArrayClass，并且指定Rel__Func为释放单个元素的方式*/
void ArrayClass_Reg(char *TypeName, void (*Rel__Func)(void *p)){
    struct ArrayClass ac;
    ac.TypeName = malloc_s_strcpy(TypeName);
    ac.rel_ = Rel__Func;
    Array_create(&ac.objects, sizeof(struct ArrayObjects));
    Array_insert(&ArrayList, &ac, 0);
}
/*向给定TypName的ArrayClass注册一个新的对象，对象地址为p_obj*/
void ArrayObj_Reg(char *TypeName, void *p_obj){
    struct Array_ *p;
    for(p = ArrayList.front; p != ArrayList.back; p = p->next)
        if(strcmp(((struct ArrayClass*)p->p)->TypeName, TypeName) == 0)
            break;
    Array_insert((&((struct ArrayClass*)p->p)->objects), &(struct ArrayObjects){p_obj}, 0);
}

/*释放ArrayList中单个元素占用的资源*/
void ArrayList_Rel_(void *p_class){
    free(((struct ArrayClass *)p_class)->TypeName);
    Array_release(&((struct ArrayClass *)p_class)->objects, DoNothing);
}
/*初始化Array_List*/
void ArrayList_Init(){
    Array_create(&ArrayList, sizeof(struct ArrayClass));
}
/*释放ArrayList占用的资源*/
void ArrayList_Rel(){
    Array_release(&ArrayList, ArrayList_Rel_);
}
/*主动提前释放资源，对于局部变量，需要在其被编译器释放前主动释放占用资源，防止内存泄漏*/
void Array_Obj_PreRelease(struct Array *unrel_obj){
    for(struct Array_ *p = ArrayList.front; p != ArrayList.back; p = p->next)
        for(struct Array_ *q = ((struct ArrayClass *)p->p)->objects.front; q != ((struct ArrayClass *)p->p)->objects.back; q = q->next)
            if(unrel_obj == ((struct ArrayObjects*)q->p)->p_obj){
                Array_release(unrel_obj, ((struct ArrayClass *)p->p)->rel_);
                Array_delete_p(&((struct ArrayClass *)p->p)->objects, q, DoNothing);
                return ;
            }
    assert("Array_Obj_PreRelease:NotFound");
}
/*根据ArrayObj反查ArrayClass*/
struct ArrayClass *ArrayList_Find_Class_From_Obj(struct Array *a){
    for(struct Array_ *p = ArrayList.front; p != ArrayList.back; p = p->next)
        for(struct Array_ *q = ((struct ArrayClass *)p->p)->objects.front; q != ((struct ArrayClass *)p->p)->objects.back; q = q->next)
            if(a == ((struct ArrayObjects*)q->p)->p_obj)
                return (struct ArrayClass *)p->p;
    assert("ArrayList_Find_Class_From_Obj:NotFound");
}
/*重写简化的Array_delete*/
void Array_deletepos(struct Array *a, int pos){
    Array_delete_pos(a, pos, ArrayList_Find_Class_From_Obj(a)->rel_);
}
void Array_deletep(struct Array *a, struct Array_ *node){
    Array_delete_p(a, node, ArrayList_Find_Class_From_Obj(a)->rel_);
}
/*MARCO:为Type注册一个新的ArrayClass，并且指定Rel__Func为释放单个元素的方式*/
#define DECLARE_ARRAY(Type, RelFunc) ArrayClass_Reg(#Type, RelFunc);
/*
MARCO:为内置类型为Type的ArrayClass创建一个新的对象，名称为ArrName
Example:
struct ARRAY(a, struct A);
^^^^^^___________________^
*/
#define ARRAY(ArrName, Type)                            \
    Array ArrName;                                      \
    Array_create(&ArrName, sizeof(Type));               \
    ArrayObj_Reg(#Type, &ArrName)

#define ARRAY_BIND(ArrName, Type)                       \
    Array_create(&ArrName, sizeof(Type));               \
    ArrayObj_Reg(#Type, &ArrName);
    
/*
Example:

struct A{
    int a;
};
void rel_(void*p){}
int main(){
    Array_Class_Init();
    DECLARE_ARRAY(struct A, rel_)
    struct ARRAY(a, struct A);
    
    Array_Obj_PreRelease(&a);
    Array_Class_Rel();
}
*/
#endif
#define ARRAY_INCLUDED