Image_Process/basic/basic_process.py

import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import filedialog, messagebox, Toplevel
from PIL import Image, ImageTk
import numpy as np
import cv2
import os

# 全局变量声明
img_path = ""  # 用于存储图像路径
src = None  # 用于存储已选择的图像
X = None  # 用于存储第一张图像
Y = None  # 用于存储第二张图像
img_label = None  # 用于存储显示选择的图片的标签
edge = None  # 用于存储当前处理后的图像

# 用于不同功能的Toplevel窗口
AffineWin = None
TurnWin = None
ArithWin = None

def select_image(root):
    """
    选择图像并显示在主窗口中
    """
    global img_path, src, img_label, edge

    # 打开文件对话框选择图像文件
    img_path = filedialog.askopenfilename(filetypes=[("Image files", "*.jpg;*.png;*.jpeg;*.bmp")])
    if img_path:
        # 处理图像路径以确保反斜杠正确处理，并使用UTF-8编码处理中文路径
        img_path_fixed = os.path.normpath(img_path)

        # 读取图像文件
        src_temp = cv2.imdecode(np.fromfile(img_path_fixed, dtype=np.uint8), cv2.IMREAD_UNCHANGED)
        if src_temp is None:
            messagebox.showerror("错误", "无法读取图片，请选择有效的图片路径")
            return
        src = cv2.cvtColor(src_temp, cv2.COLOR_BGR2RGB)

        # 检查 img_label 是否存在且有效
        if img_label is None or not img_label.winfo_exists():
            img_label = tk.Label(root)
            img_label.pack(side=tk.TOP, pady=10)

        # 显示缩略图
        img = Image.open(img_path)
        img.thumbnail((160, 160))
        img_tk = ImageTk.PhotoImage(img)
        img_label.configure(image=img_tk)
        img_label.image = img_tk

        # 更新 edge 变量为 PIL.Image 对象，以便稍后保存
        edge = Image.fromarray(src)
    else:
        messagebox.showerror("错误", "没有选择图片路径")

def changeSize(event, img, LabelPic):
    """
    根据窗口大小调整图像大小
    """
    img_aspect = img.shape[1] / img.shape[0]  # 计算图像的宽高比
    new_aspect = event.width / event.height  # 计算窗口的新宽高比

    if new_aspect > img_aspect:
        new_width = int(event.height * img_aspect)  # 根据新高度计算新宽度
        new_height = event.height  # 使用新高度
    else:
        new_width = event.width  # 使用新宽度
        new_height = int(event.width / img_aspect)  # 根据新宽度计算新高度

    resized_image = cv2.resize(img, (new_width, new_height))  # 调整图像大小
    image1 = ImageTk.PhotoImage(Image.fromarray(resized_image))
    LabelPic.image = image1
    LabelPic['image'] = image1

def savefile():
    """
    保存处理后的图像文件
    """
    global edge

    # 打开保存文件对话框
    filename = filedialog.asksaveasfilename(defaultextension=".jpg", filetypes=[("JPEG files", "*.jpg"), ("PNG files", "*.png"), ("BMP files", "*.bmp")])
    if not filename:
        return
    if edge is not None:
        try:
            edge.save(filename)
            messagebox.showinfo("保存成功", "图片保存成功！")
        except Exception as e:
            messagebox.showerror("保存失败", f"无法保存图片: {e}")
    else:
        messagebox.showerror("保存失败", "没有图像可保存")

def affine_tra(root):
    """
    对图像进行仿射变换
    """
    global src, AffineWin, edge

    #判断是否已经选取图片
    if src is None:
        messagebox.showerror("错误", "没有选择图片！")
        return

    rows, cols = src.shape[:2]  # 获取图像的行和列

    # 设置图像仿射变化矩阵
    post1 = np.float32([[50, 50], [200, 50], [50, 200]])
    post2 = np.float32([[10, 100], [200, 50], [100, 250]])
    m = cv2.getAffineTransform(post1, post2)

    # 图像仿射变换
    result = cv2.warpAffine(src, m, (cols, rows))

    # 更新 edge 变量
    edge = Image.fromarray(result)

    # 创建Toplevel窗口
    try:
        if AffineWin:
            AffineWin.destroy()
    except Exception:
        print("NVM")
    finally:
        AffineWin = Toplevel(root)
        AffineWin.attributes('-topmost', True)
    AffineWin.geometry("360x300")
    AffineWin.resizable(True, True)
    AffineWin.title("仿射变换结果")

    # 显示图像
    LabelPic = tk.Label(AffineWin, text="IMG", width=360, height=240)
    image = ImageTk.PhotoImage(Image.fromarray(result))
    LabelPic.image = image
    LabelPic['image'] = image

    LabelPic.bind('<Configure>', lambda event: changeSize(event, result, LabelPic))
    LabelPic.pack(fill=tk.BOTH, expand=tk.YES)

    # 添加保存按钮
    btn_save = tk.Button(AffineWin, text="保存", bg='#add8e6', fg='black', font=('Helvetica', 14),
                         width=20, command=savefile)
    btn_save.pack(pady=10)

def turn(root):
    """
    对图像进行翻转操作
    """
    global src, TurnWin, edge

    if src is None:
        messagebox.showerror("错误", "没有选择图片！")
        return

    # 水平镜像
    horizontal = cv2.flip(src, 1)

    # 垂直镜像
    vertical = cv2.flip(src, 0)

    # 对角镜像
    cross = cv2.flip(src, -1)

    # 将三种翻转图像组合成一个图像进行显示
    combined = np.hstack((horizontal, vertical, cross))

    # 更新 edge 变量
    edge = Image.fromarray(combined)

    # 创建Toplevel窗口
    try:
        if TurnWin:
            TurnWin.destroy()
    except Exception as e:
        print("NVM")
    finally:
        TurnWin = Toplevel(root)
        TurnWin.attributes('-topmost', True)
    TurnWin.geometry("720x300")
    TurnWin.resizable(True, True)
    TurnWin.title("翻转结果")

    # 显示图像
    LabelPic = tk.Label(TurnWin, text="IMG", width=720, height=240)
    image = ImageTk.PhotoImage(Image.fromarray(combined))
    LabelPic.image = image
    LabelPic['image'] = image

    LabelPic.bind('<Configure>', lambda event: changeSize(event, combined, LabelPic))
    LabelPic.pack(fill=tk.BOTH, expand=tk.YES)

    # 添加保存按钮
    btn_save = tk.Button(TurnWin, text="保存", bg='#add8e6', fg='black', font=('Helvetica', 14), width=20, command=savefile)
    btn_save.pack(pady=10)

def arithmetic(root):
    """
    对图像进行算术变换操作
    """
    global src, X, Y, ArithWin, img_label_first, img_label_second, edge

    final = None  # 用于存储最终的算术运算结果

    def select_first_image():
        """
        选择第一张图像
        """
        global X, img_label_first
        ArithWin.attributes('-topmost', True)  # 设置窗口为最上层
        img_path = filedialog.askopenfilename(filetypes=[("Image files", "*.jpg;*.png;*.bmp;*.jpeg")], parent=ArithWin)
        ArithWin.attributes('-topmost', False)  # 恢复窗口最上层属性
        if img_path:
            img_path_fixed = os.path.normpath(img_path)
            img_temp = cv2.imdecode(np.fromfile(img_path_fixed, dtype=np.uint8), cv2.IMREAD_UNCHANGED)
            if img_temp is None:
                messagebox.showerror("错误", "无法读取图片，请选择有效的图片路径")
                return

            image = cv2.cvtColor(img_temp, cv2.COLOR_BGR2RGB)  # 转换颜色空间
            img = Image.fromarray(image)
            img.thumbnail((100, 100))  # 缩略图
            img_tk = ImageTk.PhotoImage(img)
            img_label_first.configure(image=img_tk)
            img_label_first.image = img_tk
        else:
            messagebox.showerror("错误", "没有选择图片路径")
        X = image.copy()

    def select_second_image():
        """
        选择第二张图像
        """
        global Y, img_label_second
        ArithWin.attributes('-topmost', True)  # 设置窗口为最上层
        img_path = filedialog.askopenfilename(filetypes=[("Image files", "*.jpg;*.png;*.bmp;*.jpeg")], parent=ArithWin)
        ArithWin.attributes('-topmost', False)  # 恢复窗口最上层属性
        if img_path:
            img_path_fixed = os.path.normpath(img_path)
            img_temp = cv2.imdecode(np.fromfile(img_path_fixed, dtype=np.uint8), cv2.IMREAD_UNCHANGED)
            if img_temp is None:
                messagebox.showerror("错误", "无法读取图片，请选择有效的图片路径")
                return

            image = cv2.cvtColor(img_temp, cv2.COLOR_BGR2RGB)  # 转换颜色空间
            img = Image.fromarray(image)
            img.thumbnail((100, 100))  # 缩略图
            img_tk = ImageTk.PhotoImage(img)
            img_label_second.configure(image=img_tk)
            img_label_second.image = img_tk
        else:
            messagebox.showerror("错误", "没有选择图片路径")
        Y = image.copy()

    def perform_operation(operation):
        """
        执行图像算术运算
        """
        nonlocal final
        if X is None or Y is None:
            messagebox.showerror("错误", "请选择两张图片")
            return

        # 调整Y图像的尺寸和通道数与X一致
        Y_resized = cv2.resize(Y, (X.shape[1], X.shape[0]))
        if len(X.shape) != len(Y_resized.shape):
            if len(X.shape) == 2:
                Y_resized = cv2.cvtColor(Y_resized, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
            else:
                Y_resized = cv2.cvtColor(Y_resized, cv2.COLOR_GRAY2BGR)

        if operation == "add":
            final = cv2.add(X, Y_resized)
        elif operation == "sub":
            final = cv2.subtract(X, Y_resized)
        elif operation == "mult":
            final = cv2.multiply(X, Y_resized)

        show_result(final)

    def show_result(result_image):
        """
        显示运算结果图像
        """
        global edge  # 更新全局变量 edge
        edge = Image.fromarray(result_image)

        result_window = Toplevel(root)
        result_window.attributes('-topmost', True)
        result_window.geometry("620x480")
        result_window.resizable(True, True)
        result_window.title("运算结果")

        LabelPic = tk.Label(result_window, text="IMG", width=720, height=240)
        image = ImageTk.PhotoImage(Image.fromarray(result_image))
        LabelPic.image = image
        LabelPic['image'] = image

        LabelPic.bind('<Configure>', lambda event: changeSize(event, result_image, LabelPic))
        LabelPic.pack(fill=tk.BOTH, expand=tk.YES)

        # 添加保存按钮
        btn_save = tk.Button(result_window, text="保存", bg='#add8e6', fg='black', font=('Helvetica', 14), width=20, command=savefile)
        btn_save.pack(pady=10)

    # 创建算术运算窗口
    try:
        if ArithWin:
            ArithWin.destroy()
    except Exception as e:
        print("NVM")
    finally:
        ArithWin = Toplevel(root)
        ArithWin.attributes('-topmost', True)
    ArithWin.geometry("720x480")
    ArithWin.resizable(True, True)
    ArithWin.title("选择运算类型")

    # 添加一个框架来容纳两个图像标签
    frame = tk.Frame(ArithWin)
    frame.pack(pady=10)

    img_label_first = tk.Label(frame)
    img_label_first.pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=10)
    img_label_second = tk.Label(frame)
    img_label_second.pack(side=tk.RIGHT, padx=10)

    # 添加选择图像和运算按钮
    btn_select_first = tk.Button(ArithWin, text="选择第一张图片", bg='#add8e6', fg='black', font=('Helvetica', 14), width=20, command=select_first_image)
    btn_select_first.pack(pady=10)
    btn_select_second = tk.Button(ArithWin, text="选择第二张图片", bg='#add8e6', fg='black', font=('Helvetica', 14), width=20, command=select_second_image)
    btn_select_second.pack(pady=10)
    btn_add = tk.Button(ArithWin, text="加法", bg='#add8e6', fg='black', font=('Helvetica', 14), width=20, command=lambda: perform_operation("add"))
    btn_add.pack(pady=10)
    btn_sub = tk.Button(ArithWin, text="减法", bg='#add8e6', fg='black', font=('Helvetica', 14), width=20, command=lambda: perform_operation("sub"))
    btn_sub.pack(pady=10)
    btn_mult = tk.Button(ArithWin, text="乘法", bg='#add8e6', fg='black', font=('Helvetica', 14), width=20, command=lambda: perform_operation("mult"))
    btn_mult.pack(pady=10)