diff --git a/src/main/java/com/wsf/mathapp/Main.java b/src/main/java/com/wsf/mathapp/Main.java
index 21c2960..b0964a0 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/wsf/mathapp/Main.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/wsf/mathapp/Main.java
@@ -4,13 +4,30 @@ import com.wsf.mathapp.controller.SceneManager;
 import javafx.application.Application;
 import javafx.stage.Stage;
 
+/**
+ * 数学学习软件主应用程序类.
+ * 负责初始化应用程序并启动JavaFX界面.
+ */
 public class Main extends Application {
+
+  /**
+   * JavaFX应用程序的入口方法.
+   * 初始化场景管理器并显示登录界面.
+   *
+   * @param primaryStage JavaFX主舞台对象.
+   */
   @Override
   public void start(Stage primaryStage) {
     SceneManager sceneManager = new SceneManager(primaryStage);
     sceneManager.showLoginView();
   }
 
+  /**
+   * 应用程序的主方法.
+   * 启动JavaFX应用程序.
+   *
+   * @param args 命令行参数.
+   */
   public static void main(String[] args) {
     launch(args);
   }
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/wsf/mathapp/controller/SceneManager.java b/src/main/java/com/wsf/mathapp/controller/SceneManager.java
index f0088ce..ff4a040 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/wsf/mathapp/controller/SceneManager.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/wsf/mathapp/controller/SceneManager.java
@@ -1,12 +1,22 @@
 package com.wsf.mathapp.controller;
 
-import com.wsf.mathapp.view.*;
+import com.wsf.mathapp.view.LevelSelectionView;
+import com.wsf.mathapp.view.LoginView;
+import com.wsf.mathapp.view.MainMenuView;
+import com.wsf.mathapp.view.QuestionCountView;
+import com.wsf.mathapp.view.QuizView;
+import com.wsf.mathapp.view.RegisterView;
+import com.wsf.mathapp.view.ResultView;
 import javafx.stage.Stage;
 
+/**
+ * 场景管理器类，负责管理应用程序中各个界面之间的切换和导航.
+ * 维护所有视图实例并提供统一的方法来显示不同的界面.
+ */
 public class SceneManager {
   private final Stage primaryStage;
   private final LoginView loginView;
-  private RegisterView registerView;
+  private final RegisterView registerView;
   private final MainMenuView mainMenuView;
   private final LevelSelectionView levelSelectionView;
   private final QuestionCountView questionCountView;
@@ -14,6 +24,11 @@ public class SceneManager {
   private final ResultView resultView;
   private String currentUserName;
 
+  /**
+   * 构造函数，初始化场景管理器.
+   *
+   * @param primaryStage JavaFX主舞台，用于显示各个场景.
+   */
   public SceneManager(Stage primaryStage) {
     this.primaryStage = primaryStage;
     this.primaryStage.setTitle("数学学习软件");
@@ -29,6 +44,10 @@ public class SceneManager {
     this.resultView = new ResultView(this);
   }
 
+  /**
+   * 显示登录界面.
+   * 清空输入字段并将主舞台的场景设置为登录界面.
+   */
   public void showLoginView() {
     System.out.println("切换到登录界面");
     loginView.clearFields();
@@ -36,6 +55,10 @@ public class SceneManager {
     primaryStage.show();
   }
 
+  /**
+   * 显示注册界面.
+   * 清空输入字段并将主舞台的场景设置为注册界面.
+   */
   public void showRegisterView() {
     System.out.println("切换到注册界面");
     registerView.clearFields();
@@ -43,32 +66,54 @@ public class SceneManager {
     primaryStage.show();
   }
 
+  /**
+   * 显示主菜单界面.
+   * 在显示前更新界面上的用户名显示.
+   */
   public void showMainMenuView() {
     System.out.println("切换到主菜单界面");
     // 在显示主菜单前更新用户名
     if (mainMenuView != null) {
       mainMenuView.updateUsername(currentUserName);
     }
-    primaryStage.setScene(mainMenuView.getScene());
+    if (mainMenuView != null) {
+      primaryStage.setScene(mainMenuView.getScene());
+    }
     primaryStage.show(); // 添加这行
   }
 
+  /**
+   * 显示级别选择界面.
+   * 在显示前更新界面上的用户名显示.
+   */
   public void showLevelSelectionView() {
     System.out.println("切换到级别选择界面");
     // 在显示级别选择界面前更新用户名
     if (levelSelectionView != null) {
       levelSelectionView.updateUsername(currentUserName);
     }
-    primaryStage.setScene(levelSelectionView.getScene());
+    if (levelSelectionView != null) {
+      primaryStage.setScene(levelSelectionView.getScene());
+    }
     primaryStage.show(); // 添加这行
   }
 
+  /**
+   * 显示题目数量选择界面.
+   * 用户可以选择要回答的题目数量.
+   */
   public void showQuestionCountView() {
     System.out.println("切换到题目数量选择界面");
     primaryStage.setScene(questionCountView.getScene());
     primaryStage.show(); // 添加这行
   }
 
+  /**
+   * 显示答题界面.
+   *
+   * @param level 题目难度级别.
+   * @param count 题目数量.
+   */
   public void showQuizView(String level, int count) {
     System.out.println("切换到答题界面 - 级别: " + level + ", 题目数量: " + count);
     // 设置测验参数
@@ -77,6 +122,11 @@ public class SceneManager {
     primaryStage.show();
   }
 
+  /**
+   * 显示结果界面.
+
+   * @param score 用户获得的分数.
+   */
   public void showResultView(double score) {
     System.out.println("切换到结果界面，分数: " + score);
     resultView.setScore(score);
@@ -84,20 +134,30 @@ public class SceneManager {
     primaryStage.show(); // 添加这行
   }
 
-  // Getter methods for views
-  public LoginView getLoginView() { return loginView; }
-  public RegisterView getRegisterView() { return registerView; }
-  public MainMenuView getMainMenuView() { return mainMenuView; }
-  public LevelSelectionView getLevelSelectionView() { return levelSelectionView; }
-  public QuestionCountView getQuestionCountView() { return questionCountView; }
-  public QuizView getQuizView() { return quizView; }
-  public ResultView getResultView() { return resultView; }
+  /**
+   * 获取题目数量选择视图实例.
+   *
+   * @return QuestionCountView 题目数量选择视图对象.
+   */
+  public QuestionCountView getQuestionCountView() {
+    return questionCountView;
+  }
 
+  /**
+   * 设置当前用户名.
+   *
+   * @param currentUserName 当前登录用户的用户名.
+   */
   public void setCurrentUserName(String currentUserName) {
     this.currentUserName = currentUserName;
     System.out.println("设置当前用户名: " + currentUserName);
   }
 
+  /**
+   * 获取当前用户名.
+   *
+   * @return String 当前登录用户的用户名.
+   */
   public String getCurrentUserName() {
     return this.currentUserName;
   }
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/wsf/mathapp/service/QuestionService.java b/src/main/java/com/wsf/mathapp/service/QuestionService.java
index ec5c254..2067873 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/wsf/mathapp/service/QuestionService.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/wsf/mathapp/service/QuestionService.java
@@ -1,14 +1,21 @@
 package com.wsf.mathapp.service;
 
-
-import com.ybw.mathapp.service.PrimarySchoolGenerator;
 import com.ybw.mathapp.service.JuniorHighGenerator;
-import com.ybw.mathapp.service.SeniorHighGenerator;
+import com.ybw.mathapp.service.PrimarySchoolGenerator;
 import com.ybw.mathapp.service.QuestionGenerator;
+import com.ybw.mathapp.service.SeniorHighGenerator;
 
-
+/**
+ * 题目服务类，负责根据不同的难度级别创建对应的题目生成器.
+ */
 public class QuestionService {
 
+  /**
+   * 根据难度级别创建对应的题目生成器.
+   *
+   * @param level 题目难度级别，可选值："小学"、"初中"、"高中".
+   * @return QuestionGenerator 对应难度级别的题目生成器实例，如果级别不匹配则返回null.
+   */
   public static QuestionGenerator createGenerator(String level) {
     return switch (level) {
       case "小学" -> new PrimarySchoolGenerator();
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/wsf/mathapp/view/LevelSelectionView.java b/src/main/java/com/wsf/mathapp/view/LevelSelectionView.java
index b9a7092..b35c1a3 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/wsf/mathapp/view/LevelSelectionView.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/wsf/mathapp/view/LevelSelectionView.java
@@ -16,6 +16,10 @@ import javafx.scene.text.Font;
 import javafx.scene.text.FontWeight;
 import javafx.scene.text.Text;
 
+/**
+ * 级别选择视图类，提供用户选择题目难度级别的界面.
+ * 包含小学、初中、高中三个难度级别的选择按钮.
+ */
 public class LevelSelectionView {
   private Scene scene;
   private final SceneManager sceneManager;
@@ -25,12 +29,20 @@ public class LevelSelectionView {
   private Label usernameLabel;
   private Text avatarText;
 
+  /**
+   * 构造函数，初始化级别选择视图.
+   *
+   * @param sceneManager 场景管理器，用于界面导航.
+   */
   public LevelSelectionView(SceneManager sceneManager) {
     this.sceneManager = sceneManager;
     this.currentUsername = sceneManager.getCurrentUserName();
     createScene();
   }
 
+  /**
+   * 创建主场景，包含用户信息栏和级别选择内容.
+   */
   private void createScene() {
     // 创建主容器
     VBox mainContainer = new VBox();
@@ -47,31 +59,45 @@ public class LevelSelectionView {
     scene = new Scene(mainContainer, 450, 550);
   }
 
+  /**
+   * 创建用户信息栏，包含用户头像和用户名显示.
+   *
+   * @return HBox 用户信息栏布局容器.
+   */
   private HBox createUserInfoBar() {
     HBox userInfoBar = new HBox(15);
     userInfoBar.setAlignment(Pos.CENTER_LEFT);
     userInfoBar.setPadding(new Insets(0, 0, 30, 0));
-    userInfoBar.setStyle("-fx-border-color: #e0e0e0; -fx-border-width: 0 0 1 0; -fx-padding: 0 0 15 0;");
+    userInfoBar.setStyle("-fx-border-color: #e0e0e0; "
+        + "-fx-border-width: 0 0 1 0; -fx-padding: 0 0 15 0;");
+    // 用户名标签
+    usernameLabel = new Label(currentUsername != null ? currentUsername : "用户");
+    usernameLabel.setFont(Font.font("Arial", FontWeight.BOLD, 16));
+    usernameLabel.setStyle("-fx-text-fill: #2c3e50;");
+    // 间隔
+    Region spacer = new Region();
+    HBox.setHgrow(spacer, Priority.ALWAYS);
+    // 创建头像容器
+    VBox avatarContainer = createAvatarContainer();
+    userInfoBar.getChildren().addAll(avatarContainer, usernameLabel, spacer);
+    return userInfoBar;
+  }
 
-    // 创建圆形头像容器
+  /**
+   * 创建头像容器，包含圆形头像背景和用户首字母.
+   *
+   * @return VBox 头像容器布局.
+   */
+  private VBox createAvatarContainer() {
     VBox avatarContainer = new VBox();
     avatarContainer.setAlignment(Pos.CENTER);
     avatarContainer.setPrefSize(50, 50);
-
-    // 创建圆形头像背景
-    Circle avatarCircle = new Circle(22);
-    avatarCircle.setFill(Color.web("#4CAF50")); // 统一的绿色背景
-    avatarCircle.setStroke(Color.WHITE);
-    avatarCircle.setStrokeWidth(2);
-
-    // 添加阴影效果
-    avatarCircle.setStyle("-fx-effect: dropshadow(gaussian, rgba(0,0,0,0.2), 5, 0.3, 2, 2);");
-
     // 添加首字母文本
     avatarText = new Text(getFirstLetter());
     avatarText.setFill(Color.WHITE);
     avatarText.setFont(Font.font("Arial", FontWeight.BOLD, 16));
-
+    // 创建圆形头像背景
+    Circle avatarCircle = createAvatarCircle();
     // 使用StackPane将文本放在圆形中心
     javafx.scene.layout.StackPane avatarStack = new javafx.scene.layout.StackPane();
     avatarStack.getChildren().addAll(avatarCircle, avatarText);
@@ -79,101 +105,190 @@ public class LevelSelectionView {
     avatarStack.setAlignment(Pos.CENTER);
 
     avatarContainer.getChildren().add(avatarStack);
+    return avatarContainer;
+  }
 
-    // 用户名标签
-    usernameLabel = new Label(currentUsername != null ? currentUsername : "用户");
-    usernameLabel.setFont(Font.font("Arial", FontWeight.BOLD, 16));
-    usernameLabel.setStyle("-fx-text-fill: #2c3e50;");
-
-    // 间隔
-    Region spacer = new Region();
-    HBox.setHgrow(spacer, Priority.ALWAYS);
-
-    userInfoBar.getChildren().addAll(avatarContainer, usernameLabel, spacer);
+  /**
+   * 创建圆形头像背景.
+   *
+   * @return Circle 圆形头像背景对象.
+   */
+  private Circle createAvatarCircle() {
+    Circle avatarCircle = new Circle(22);
+    avatarCircle.setFill(Color.web("#4CAF50")); // 统一的绿色背景
+    avatarCircle.setStroke(Color.WHITE);
+    avatarCircle.setStrokeWidth(2);
 
-    return userInfoBar;
+    // 添加阴影效果
+    avatarCircle.setStyle("-fx-effect: dropshadow(gaussian, rgba(0,0,0,0.2), 5, 0.3, 2, 2);");
+    return avatarCircle;
   }
 
+  /**
+   * 创建级别选择内容区域，包含标题和级别选择按钮.
+   *
+   * @return VBox 级别选择内容区域布局容器.
+   */
   private VBox createSelectionContent() {
     VBox selectionContent = new VBox(25);
     selectionContent.setPadding(new Insets(30, 20, 20, 20));
     selectionContent.setAlignment(Pos.CENTER);
 
+    // 创建标题区域
+    VBox titleSection = createTitleSection();
+
+    // 创建级别按钮区域
+    VBox levelButtonsSection = createLevelButtonsSection();
+
+    // 创建返回按钮
+    Button backButton = createBackButton();
+
+    selectionContent.getChildren().addAll(titleSection, levelButtonsSection, backButton);
+
+    return selectionContent;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * 创建标题区域，包含主标题和副标题.
+   *
+   * @return VBox 标题区域布局容器.
+   */
+  private VBox createTitleSection() {
+    VBox titleSection = new VBox(5);
+    titleSection.setAlignment(Pos.CENTER);
+
     Label titleLabel = new Label("选择题目级别");
     titleLabel.setFont(Font.font("Arial", FontWeight.BOLD, 26));
     titleLabel.setStyle("-fx-text-fill: #2c3e50;");
 
-    // 添加副标题
     Label subtitleLabel = new Label("请选择适合您的学习级别");
     subtitleLabel.setFont(Font.font("Arial", 14));
     subtitleLabel.setStyle("-fx-text-fill: #7f8c8d; -fx-padding: 0 0 10 0;");
 
+    titleSection.getChildren().addAll(titleLabel, subtitleLabel);
+    return titleSection;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * 创建级别按钮区域，包含三个难度级别的选择按钮.
+   *
+   * @return VBox 级别按钮区域布局容器.
+   */
+  private VBox createLevelButtonsSection() {
+    VBox levelButtonsSection = new VBox(15);
+    levelButtonsSection.setAlignment(Pos.CENTER);
+
     Button primaryButton = createLevelButton("小学题目", "#4CAF50", "#45a049");
     Button juniorButton = createLevelButton("初中题目", "#2196F3", "#1976D2");
     Button seniorButton = createLevelButton("高中题目", "#9C27B0", "#7B1FA2");
 
-    Button backButton = new Button("返回主菜单");
-    backButton.setStyle("-fx-background-color: #95a5a6; -fx-text-fill: white; -fx-font-size: 14px; -fx-background-radius: 8; -fx-padding: 8 20;");
-    backButton.setPrefSize(180, 45);
-    backButton.setOnMouseEntered(e -> backButton.setStyle("-fx-background-color: #7f8c8d; -fx-text-fill: white; -fx-font-size: 14px; -fx-background-radius: 8; -fx-padding: 8 20;"));
-    backButton.setOnMouseExited(e -> backButton.setStyle("-fx-background-color: #95a5a6; -fx-text-fill: white; -fx-font-size: 14px; -fx-background-radius: 8; -fx-padding: 8 20;"));
+    setupLevelButtonAction(primaryButton, "小学");
+    setupLevelButtonAction(juniorButton, "初中");
+    setupLevelButtonAction(seniorButton, "高中");
 
-    primaryButton.setOnAction(e -> {
-      String selectedLevel = "小学";
-      sceneManager.getQuestionCountView().setLevel(selectedLevel);
-      sceneManager.showQuestionCountView();
-    });
-
-    juniorButton.setOnAction(e -> {
-      String selectedLevel = "初中";
-      sceneManager.getQuestionCountView().setLevel(selectedLevel);
-      sceneManager.showQuestionCountView();
-    });
+    levelButtonsSection.getChildren().addAll(primaryButton, juniorButton, seniorButton);
+    return levelButtonsSection;
+  }
 
-    seniorButton.setOnAction(e -> {
-      String selectedLevel = "高中";
-      sceneManager.getQuestionCountView().setLevel(selectedLevel);
+  /**
+   * 设置级别按钮的点击事件.
+   *
+   * @param button 级别按钮.
+   * @param level 对应的难度级别.
+   */
+  private void setupLevelButtonAction(Button button, String level) {
+    button.setOnAction(e -> {
+      sceneManager.getQuestionCountView().setLevel(level);
       sceneManager.showQuestionCountView();
     });
+  }
 
-    backButton.setOnAction(e -> {
-      sceneManager.showMainMenuView();
-    });
-
-    selectionContent.getChildren().addAll(
-        titleLabel, subtitleLabel, primaryButton, juniorButton, seniorButton, backButton
-    );
+  /**
+   * 创建返回按钮.
+   *
+   * @return Button 返回主菜单按钮.
+   */
+  private Button createBackButton() {
+    Button backButton = new Button("返回主菜单");
+    backButton.setStyle("-fx-background-color: #95a5a6; -fx-text-fill: "
+        + "white; -fx-font-size: 14px; -fx-background-radius: 8; -fx-padding: 8 20;");
+    backButton.setPrefSize(180, 45);
+    setupButtonHoverEffect(backButton, "#95a5a6", "#7f8c8d");
+    backButton.setOnAction(e -> sceneManager.showMainMenuView());
 
-    return selectionContent;
+    return backButton;
   }
 
+  /**
+   * 创建级别选择按钮.
+   *
+   * @param text 按钮显示文本.
+   * @param color 按钮正常状态颜色.
+   * @param hoverColor 按钮悬停状态颜色.
+   * @return Button 配置好的级别选择按钮.
+   */
   private Button createLevelButton(String text, String color, String hoverColor) {
     Button button = new Button(text);
     button.setStyle(String.format(
-        "-fx-background-color: %s; -fx-text-fill: white; -fx-font-size: 16px; -fx-font-weight: bold; " +
-            "-fx-background-radius: 12; -fx-padding: 12 30; -fx-effect: dropshadow(gaussian, rgba(0,0,0,0.2), 8, 0.3, 2, 2);",
+        "-fx-background-color: %s; -fx-text-fill: "
+            + "white; -fx-font-size: 16px; -fx-font-weight: bold;-fx-background-radius: 12;"
+            + "-fx-padding: 12 30;-fx-effect: dropshadow(gaussian, rgba(0,0,0,0.2), 8, 0.3, 2, 2);",
         color
     ));
     button.setPrefSize(220, 60);
-    button.setOnMouseEntered(e -> button.setStyle(String.format(
-        "-fx-background-color: %s; -fx-text-fill: white; -fx-font-size: 16px; -fx-font-weight: bold; " +
-            "-fx-background-radius: 12; -fx-padding: 12 30; -fx-effect: dropshadow(gaussian, rgba(0,0,0,0.3), 10, 0.4, 3, 3);",
-        hoverColor
-    )));
-    button.setOnMouseExited(e -> button.setStyle(String.format(
-        "-fx-background-color: %s; -fx-text-fill: white; -fx-font-size: 16px; -fx-font-weight: bold; " +
-            "-fx-background-radius: 12; -fx-padding: 12 30; -fx-effect: dropshadow(gaussian, rgba(0,0,0,0.2), 8, 0.3, 2, 2);",
-        color
-    )));
+
+    setupButtonHoverEffect(button, color, hoverColor);
+
     return button;
   }
 
+  /**
+   * 设置按钮的悬停效果.
+   *
+   * @param button 需要设置悬停效果的按钮.
+   * @param normalColor 正常状态颜色.
+   * @param hoverColor 悬停状态颜色.
+   */
+  private void setupButtonHoverEffect(Button button, String normalColor, String hoverColor) {
+    String normalStyle = String.format(
+        "-fx-background-color: %s; -fx-text-fill: white; -fx-font-size: %s;"
+            + " -fx-background-radius: %s; -fx-padding: %s; -fx-effect: "
+            + "dropshadow(gaussian, rgba(0,0,0,0.2), 8, 0.3, 2, 2);",
+        normalColor,
+        button.getStyle().contains("16px") ? "16px" : "14px",
+        button.getStyle().contains("12") ? "12" : "8",
+        button.getStyle().contains("12 30") ? "12 30" : "8 20"
+    );
+
+    String hoverStyle = String.format(
+        "-fx-background-color: %s; -fx-text-fill: white; -fx-font-size: %s;"
+            + " -fx-background-radius: %s; -fx-padding: %s; -fx-effect:"
+            + " dropshadow(gaussian, rgba(0,0,0,0.3), 10, 0.4, 3, 3);",
+        hoverColor,
+        button.getStyle().contains("16px") ? "16px" : "14px",
+        button.getStyle().contains("12") ? "12" : "8",
+        button.getStyle().contains("12 30") ? "12 30" : "8 20"
+    );
+
+    button.setOnMouseEntered(e -> button.setStyle(hoverStyle));
+    button.setOnMouseExited(e -> button.setStyle(normalStyle));
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * 获取用户名的首字母，用于头像显示.
+   *
+   * @return String 用户名的首字母大写，如果用户名为空则返回"U".
+   */
   private String getFirstLetter() {
-    return currentUsername != null && !currentUsername.isEmpty() ?
-        currentUsername.substring(0, 1).toUpperCase() : "U";
+    return currentUsername != null && !currentUsername.isEmpty()
+        ? currentUsername.substring(0, 1).toUpperCase() : "U";
   }
 
-  // 添加更新用户名的方法
+  /**
+   * 更新用户名显示.
+   *
+   * @param username 新的用户名.
+   */
   public void updateUsername(String username) {
     this.currentUsername = username;
     if (usernameLabel != null) {
@@ -184,6 +299,11 @@ public class LevelSelectionView {
     }
   }
 
+  /**
+   * 获取当前场景.
+   *
+   * @return Scene 级别选择界面的场景对象.
+   */
   public Scene getScene() {
     return scene;
   }
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/wsf/mathapp/view/LoginView.java b/src/main/java/com/wsf/mathapp/view/LoginView.java
index 69afbd7..1810b61 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/wsf/mathapp/view/LoginView.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/wsf/mathapp/view/LoginView.java
@@ -3,14 +3,20 @@ package com.wsf.mathapp.view;
 import com.wsf.mathapp.controller.SceneManager;
 import com.ybw.mathapp.util.Login;
 import com.ybw.mathapp.util.LoginFileUtils;
-import com.ybw.mathapp.util.Register;
 import javafx.geometry.Insets;
 import javafx.geometry.Pos;
 import javafx.scene.Scene;
-import javafx.scene.control.*;
+import javafx.scene.control.Button;
+import javafx.scene.control.Label;
+import javafx.scene.control.PasswordField;
+import javafx.scene.control.TextField;
 import javafx.scene.layout.VBox;
 import javafx.scene.text.Font;
 
+/**
+ * 登录视图类，提供用户登录功能界面.
+ * 支持用户名或邮箱登录，包含输入验证和登录状态提示.
+ */
 public class LoginView {
   private Scene scene;
   private final SceneManager sceneManager;
@@ -20,90 +26,206 @@ public class LoginView {
   private PasswordField passwordField;
   private Label statusLabel;
 
+  /**
+   * 构造函数，初始化登录视图.
+   *
+   * @param sceneManager 场景管理器，用于界面导航.
+   */
   public LoginView(SceneManager sceneManager) {
     this.sceneManager = sceneManager;
     createScene();
   }
 
+  /**
+   * 创建登录界面的主场景.
+   */
   private void createScene() {
     VBox root = new VBox(20);
     root.setPadding(new Insets(40));
     root.setAlignment(Pos.CENTER);
 
+    // 创建用户名/邮箱输入框
+    usernameOrEmailField = createUsernameField();
+
+    // 创建密码输入框
+    passwordField = createPasswordField();
+
+    // 创建登录按钮
+    Button loginButton = createLoginButton();
+
+    // 创建注册按钮
+    Button registerButton = createRegisterButton();
+
+    // 创建状态标签
+    statusLabel = new Label();
+
+    // 设置按钮事件
+    setupLoginButtonAction(loginButton);
+    setupRegisterButtonAction(registerButton);
+
+    // 添加回车键登录支持
+    setupEnterKeySupport(loginButton);
+    // 创建界面标题
+    Label titleLabel = createTitleLabel();
+
+    // 创建副标题
+    Label subtitleLabel = createSubtitleLabel();
+    root.getChildren().addAll(
+        titleLabel, subtitleLabel, usernameOrEmailField, passwordField,
+        loginButton, registerButton, statusLabel
+    );
+    scene = new Scene(root, 400, 500);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * 创建主标题标签.
+   *
+   * @return Label 主标题标签对象.
+   */
+  private Label createTitleLabel() {
     Label titleLabel = new Label("数学学习软件");
     titleLabel.setFont(Font.font(24));
+    return titleLabel;
+  }
 
+  /**
+   * 创建副标题标签.
+   *
+   * @return Label 副标题标签对象.
+   */
+  private Label createSubtitleLabel() {
     Label subtitleLabel = new Label("用户登录");
     subtitleLabel.setFont(Font.font(18));
+    return subtitleLabel;
+  }
 
-    // 修改提示文本
-    usernameOrEmailField = new TextField();
-    usernameOrEmailField.setPromptText("请输入用户名或邮箱");
-    usernameOrEmailField.setMaxWidth(300);
-    usernameOrEmailField.setPrefHeight(40);
+  /**
+   * 创建用户名/邮箱输入框.
+   *
+   * @return TextField 用户名/邮箱输入框对象.
+   */
+  private TextField createUsernameField() {
+    TextField field = new TextField();
+    field.setPromptText("请输入用户名或邮箱");
+    field.setMaxWidth(300);
+    field.setPrefHeight(40);
+    return field;
+  }
 
-    passwordField = new PasswordField();
-    passwordField.setPromptText("请输入密码");
-    passwordField.setMaxWidth(300);
-    passwordField.setPrefHeight(40);
+  /**
+   * 创建密码输入框.
+   *
+   * @return PasswordField 密码输入框对象.
+   */
+  private PasswordField createPasswordField() {
+    PasswordField field = new PasswordField();
+    field.setPromptText("请输入密码");
+    field.setMaxWidth(300);
+    field.setPrefHeight(40);
+    return field;
+  }
 
-    Button loginButton = new Button("登录");
-    loginButton.setStyle("-fx-background-color: #4CAF50; -fx-text-fill: white; -fx-font-size: 14px;");
-    loginButton.setPrefSize(300, 40);
+  /**
+   * 创建登录按钮.
+   *
+   * @return Button 登录按钮对象.
+   */
+  private Button createLoginButton() {
+    Button button = new Button("登录");
+    button.setStyle("-fx-background-color: #4CAF50; -fx-text-fill: white; -fx-font-size: 14px;");
+    button.setPrefSize(300, 40);
+    return button;
+  }
 
-    Button registerButton = new Button("注册账号");
-    registerButton.setStyle("-fx-background-color: #2196F3; -fx-text-fill: white; -fx-font-size: 14px;");
-    registerButton.setPrefSize(300, 40);
+  /**
+   * 创建注册按钮.
+   *
+   * @return Button 注册按钮对象.
+   */
+  private Button createRegisterButton() {
+    Button button = new Button("注册账号");
+    button.setStyle("-fx-background-color: #2196F3; -fx-text-fill: white; -fx-font-size: 14px;");
+    button.setPrefSize(300, 40);
+    return button;
+  }
 
-    statusLabel = new Label();
+  /**
+   * 设置登录按钮的点击事件.
+   *
+   * @param loginButton 登录按钮对象.
+   */
+  private void setupLoginButtonAction(Button loginButton) {
+    loginButton.setOnAction(e -> handleLogin());
+  }
 
-    loginButton.setOnAction(e -> {
-      String usernameOrEmail = usernameOrEmailField.getText().trim();
-      String password = passwordField.getText();
-
-      if (usernameOrEmail.isEmpty() || password.isEmpty()) {
-        showError(statusLabel, "用户名/邮箱和密码不能为空！");
-        return;
-      }
-
-      // 调用后端的登录方法，支持用户名或邮箱登录
-      boolean success = Login.login(usernameOrEmail, password);
-      System.out.println(usernameOrEmail);
-      System.out.println(password);
-      if (success) {
-        showSuccess(statusLabel);
-        String username;
-        if (LoginFileUtils.emailFindName(usernameOrEmail) == null){
-          username = usernameOrEmail;
-        }
-        else {
-          username = LoginFileUtils.emailFindName(usernameOrEmail);
-        }
-        sceneManager.setCurrentUserName(username);
-        sceneManager.showMainMenuView();
-      } else {
-        showError(statusLabel, "用户名/邮箱或密码错误！");
-      }
-    });
-
-    registerButton.setOnAction(e -> {
-      sceneManager.showRegisterView();
-    });
+  /**
+   * 设置注册按钮的点击事件.
+   *
+   * @param registerButton 注册按钮对象.
+   */
+  private void setupRegisterButtonAction(Button registerButton) {
+    registerButton.setOnAction(e -> sceneManager.showRegisterView());
+  }
 
-    // 添加回车键登录支持
+  /**
+   * 设置回车键登录支持.
+   *
+   * @param loginButton 登录按钮对象.
+   */
+  private void setupEnterKeySupport(Button loginButton) {
     usernameOrEmailField.setOnAction(e -> loginButton.fire());
     passwordField.setOnAction(e -> loginButton.fire());
+  }
 
-    root.getChildren().addAll(
-        titleLabel, subtitleLabel, usernameOrEmailField, passwordField,
-        loginButton, registerButton, statusLabel
-    );
+  /**
+   * 处理登录逻辑.
+   */
+  private void handleLogin() {
+    String usernameOrEmail = usernameOrEmailField.getText().trim();
+    String password = passwordField.getText();
 
-    scene = new Scene(root, 400, 500);
+    if (usernameOrEmail.isEmpty() || password.isEmpty()) {
+      showError(statusLabel, "用户名/邮箱和密码不能为空！");
+      return;
+    }
+
+    // 调用后端的登录方法，支持用户名或邮箱登录
+    boolean success = Login.login(usernameOrEmail, password);
+    System.out.println(usernameOrEmail);
+    System.out.println(password);
+
+    if (success) {
+      handleLoginSuccess(usernameOrEmail);
+    } else {
+      showError(statusLabel, "用户名/邮箱或密码错误！");
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * 处理登录成功后的逻辑.
+   *
+   * @param usernameOrEmail 登录使用的用户名或邮箱.
+   */
+  private void handleLoginSuccess(String usernameOrEmail) {
+    showSuccess(statusLabel);
+    String username = getUsernameFromInput(usernameOrEmail);
+    sceneManager.setCurrentUserName(username);
+    sceneManager.showMainMenuView();
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * 根据输入获取用户名.
+   *
+   * @param usernameOrEmail 用户输入的用户名或邮箱.
+   * @return String 对应的用户名.
+   */
+  private String getUsernameFromInput(String usernameOrEmail) {
+    String foundName = LoginFileUtils.emailFindName(usernameOrEmail);
+    return foundName == null ? usernameOrEmail : foundName;
   }
 
   /**
-   * 清空所有输入字段和状态信息
+   * 清空所有输入字段和状态信息.
    */
   public void clearFields() {
     usernameOrEmailField.clear();
@@ -111,16 +233,32 @@ public class LoginView {
     statusLabel.setText("");
   }
 
+  /**
+   * 显示错误信息.
+   *
+   * @param label 状态标签对象.
+   * @param message 错误信息内容.
+   */
   private void showError(Label label, String message) {
     label.setText(message);
     label.setStyle("-fx-text-fill: red;");
   }
 
+  /**
+   * 显示成功信息.
+   *
+   * @param label 状态标签对象.
+   */
   private void showSuccess(Label label) {
     label.setText("登录成功！");
     label.setStyle("-fx-text-fill: green;");
   }
 
+  /**
+   * 获取当前场景.
+   *
+   * @return Scene 登录界面的场景对象.
+   */
   public Scene getScene() {
     return scene;
   }
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/wsf/mathapp/view/MainMenuView.java b/src/main/java/com/wsf/mathapp/view/MainMenuView.java
index 7702c36..cad87b8 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/wsf/mathapp/view/MainMenuView.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/wsf/mathapp/view/MainMenuView.java
@@ -20,6 +20,10 @@ import javafx.scene.text.Font;
 import javafx.scene.text.FontWeight;
 import javafx.scene.text.Text;
 
+/**
+ * 主菜单视图类，提供应用程序的主导航界面.
+ * 包含用户信息显示、开始练习、修改密码和退出登录等功能.
+ */
 public class MainMenuView {
   private Scene scene;
   private final SceneManager sceneManager;
@@ -30,12 +34,20 @@ public class MainMenuView {
   private Text avatarText;
   private Label welcomeLabel;
 
+  /**
+   * 构造函数，初始化主菜单视图.
+   *
+   * @param sceneManager 场景管理器，用于界面导航.
+   */
   public MainMenuView(SceneManager sceneManager) {
     this.sceneManager = sceneManager;
     this.currentUsername = sceneManager.getCurrentUserName();
     createScene();
   }
 
+  /**
+   * 创建主场景，包含用户信息栏和菜单内容区域.
+   */
   private void createScene() {
     // 创建主容器
     VBox mainContainer = new VBox();
@@ -52,111 +64,237 @@ public class MainMenuView {
     scene = new Scene(mainContainer, 450, 550);
   }
 
+  /**
+   * 创建用户信息栏，包含用户头像和用户名显示.
+   *
+   * @return HBox 用户信息栏布局容器.
+   */
   private HBox createUserInfoBar() {
     HBox userInfoBar = new HBox(15);
     userInfoBar.setAlignment(Pos.CENTER_LEFT);
     userInfoBar.setPadding(new Insets(0, 0, 30, 0));
-    userInfoBar.setStyle("-fx-border-color: #e0e0e0; -fx-border-width: 0 0 1 0; -fx-padding: 0 0 15 0;");
+    userInfoBar.setStyle("-fx-border-color: #e0e0e0; -fx-border-width: 0 0 1 0; "
+        + "-fx-padding: 0 0 15 0;");
 
-    // 创建圆形头像容器
+    // 用户名标签
+    usernameLabel = new Label(currentUsername != null ? currentUsername : "用户");
+    usernameLabel.setFont(Font.font("Arial", FontWeight.BOLD, 16));
+    usernameLabel.setStyle("-fx-text-fill: #2c3e50;");
+
+    // 间隔
+    Region spacer = new Region();
+    HBox.setHgrow(spacer, Priority.ALWAYS);
+    // 创建头像容器
+    VBox avatarContainer = createAvatarContainer();
+
+    userInfoBar.getChildren().addAll(avatarContainer, usernameLabel, spacer);
+
+    return userInfoBar;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * 创建头像容器，包含圆形头像背景和用户首字母.
+   *
+   * @return VBox 头像容器布局.
+   */
+  private VBox createAvatarContainer() {
     VBox avatarContainer = new VBox();
     avatarContainer.setAlignment(Pos.CENTER);
     avatarContainer.setPrefSize(50, 50);
 
-    // 创建圆形头像背景
-    Circle avatarCircle = new Circle(22);
-    avatarCircle.setFill(Color.web("#4CAF50"));
-    avatarCircle.setStroke(Color.WHITE);
-    avatarCircle.setStrokeWidth(2);
-
-    // 添加阴影效果
-    avatarCircle.setStyle("-fx-effect: dropshadow(gaussian, rgba(0,0,0,0.2), 5, 0.3, 2, 2);");
-
     // 添加首字母文本
     avatarText = new Text(getFirstLetter());
     avatarText.setFill(Color.WHITE);
     avatarText.setFont(Font.font("Arial", FontWeight.BOLD, 16));
 
+    // 创建圆形头像背景
+    Circle avatarCircle = createAvatarCircle();
+
     // 使用StackPane将文本放在圆形中心
-    javafx.scene.layout.StackPane avatarStack = new javafx.scene.layout.StackPane();
+    javafx.scene.layout.StackPane avatarStack =
+        new javafx.scene.layout.StackPane();
     avatarStack.getChildren().addAll(avatarCircle, avatarText);
     avatarStack.setPrefSize(44, 44);
     avatarStack.setAlignment(Pos.CENTER);
 
     avatarContainer.getChildren().add(avatarStack);
+    return avatarContainer;
+  }
 
-    // 用户名标签
-    usernameLabel = new Label(currentUsername != null ? currentUsername : "用户");
-    usernameLabel.setFont(Font.font("Arial", FontWeight.BOLD, 16));
-    usernameLabel.setStyle("-fx-text-fill: #2c3e50;");
-
-    // 间隔
-    Region spacer = new Region();
-    HBox.setHgrow(spacer, Priority.ALWAYS);
-
-    userInfoBar.getChildren().addAll(avatarContainer, usernameLabel, spacer);
+  /**
+   * 创建圆形头像背景.
+   *
+   * @return Circle 圆形头像背景对象.
+   */
+  private Circle createAvatarCircle() {
+    Circle avatarCircle = new Circle(22);
+    avatarCircle.setFill(Color.web("#4CAF50"));
+    avatarCircle.setStroke(Color.WHITE);
+    avatarCircle.setStrokeWidth(2);
 
-    return userInfoBar;
+    // 添加阴影效果
+    avatarCircle.setStyle("-fx-effect: dropshadow(gaussian, rgba(0,0,0,0.2), "
+        + "5, 0.3, 2, 2);");
+    return avatarCircle;
   }
 
+  /**
+   * 创建主菜单内容区域.
+   *
+   * @return VBox 菜单内容区域布局容器.
+   */
   private VBox createMenuContent() {
     VBox menuContent = new VBox(25);
     menuContent.setPadding(new Insets(20));
     menuContent.setAlignment(Pos.CENTER);
 
+    // 创建标题区域
+    VBox titleSection = createTitleSection();
+
+    // 创建功能按钮区域
+    VBox buttonSection = createButtonSection();
+
+    menuContent.getChildren().addAll(titleSection, buttonSection);
+
+    return menuContent;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * 创建标题区域，包含主标题和欢迎信息.
+   *
+   * @return VBox 标题区域布局容器.
+   */
+  private VBox createTitleSection() {
+    VBox titleSection = new VBox(10);
+    titleSection.setAlignment(Pos.CENTER);
+
     Label titleLabel = new Label("数学学习软件");
     titleLabel.setFont(Font.font(28));
     titleLabel.setStyle("-fx-text-fill: #2c3e50;");
 
     // 修改欢迎标签，显示用户名
-    welcomeLabel = new Label("欢迎，" + (currentUsername != null ? currentUsername : "用户") + "！");
+    welcomeLabel = new Label("欢迎，"
+       + (currentUsername != null ? currentUsername : "用户") + "！");
     welcomeLabel.setFont(Font.font(18));
     welcomeLabel.setStyle("-fx-text-fill: #7f8c8d;");
 
-    Button startButton = new Button("开始练习");
-    startButton.setStyle("-fx-background-color: #4CAF50; -fx-text-fill: white; -fx-font-size: 16px; -fx-background-radius: 10;");
-    startButton.setPrefSize(220, 55);
-    startButton.setOnMouseEntered(e -> startButton.setStyle("-fx-background-color: #45a049; -fx-text-fill: white; -fx-font-size: 16px; -fx-background-radius: 10;"));
-    startButton.setOnMouseExited(e -> startButton.setStyle("-fx-background-color: #4CAF50; -fx-text-fill: white; -fx-font-size: 16px; -fx-background-radius: 10;"));
-
-    Button changePasswordButton = new Button("修改密码");
-    changePasswordButton.setStyle("-fx-background-color: #2196F3; -fx-text-fill: white; -fx-font-size: 16px; -fx-background-radius: 10;");
-    changePasswordButton.setPrefSize(220, 55);
-    changePasswordButton.setOnMouseEntered(e -> changePasswordButton.setStyle("-fx-background-color: #1976D2; -fx-text-fill: white; -fx-font-size: 16px; -fx-background-radius: 10;"));
-    changePasswordButton.setOnMouseExited(e -> changePasswordButton.setStyle("-fx-background-color: #2196F3; -fx-text-fill: white; -fx-font-size: 16px; -fx-background-radius: 10;"));
-
-    Button logoutButton = new Button("退出登录");
-    logoutButton.setStyle("-fx-background-color: #f44336; -fx-text-fill: white; -fx-font-size: 16px; -fx-background-radius: 10;");
-    logoutButton.setPrefSize(220, 55);
-    logoutButton.setOnMouseEntered(e -> logoutButton.setStyle("-fx-background-color: #d32f2f; -fx-text-fill: white; -fx-font-size: 16px; -fx-background-radius: 10;"));
-    logoutButton.setOnMouseExited(e -> logoutButton.setStyle("-fx-background-color: #f44336; -fx-text-fill: white; -fx-font-size: 16px; -fx-background-radius: 10;"));
-
-    startButton.setOnAction(e -> {
-      sceneManager.showLevelSelectionView();
-    });
+    titleSection.getChildren().addAll(titleLabel, welcomeLabel);
+    return titleSection;
+  }
 
-    changePasswordButton.setOnAction(e -> {
-      showChangePasswordDialog();
-    });
+  /**
+   * 创建功能按钮区域.
+   *
+   * @return VBox 按钮区域布局容器.
+   */
+  private VBox createButtonSection() {
+    VBox buttonSection = new VBox(15);
+    buttonSection.setAlignment(Pos.CENTER);
 
-    logoutButton.setOnAction(e -> {
-      sceneManager.showLoginView();
-    });
+    Button startButton = createStartButton();
+    Button changePasswordButton = createChangePasswordButton();
+    Button logoutButton = createLogoutButton();
+
+    setupButtonActions(startButton, changePasswordButton, logoutButton);
 
-    menuContent.getChildren().addAll(
-        titleLabel, welcomeLabel, startButton,
-        changePasswordButton, logoutButton
+    buttonSection.getChildren().addAll(
+        startButton, changePasswordButton, logoutButton
     );
 
-    return menuContent;
+    return buttonSection;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * 创建开始练习按钮.
+   *
+   * @return Button 开始练习按钮对象.
+   */
+  private Button createStartButton() {
+    Button button = new Button("开始练习");
+    button.setStyle("-fx-background-color: #4CAF50; -fx-text-fill: white; "
+        + "-fx-font-size: 16px; -fx-background-radius: 10;");
+    button.setPrefSize(220, 55);
+    setupButtonHoverEffect(button, "#4CAF50", "#45a049");
+    return button;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * 创建修改密码按钮.
+   *
+   * @return Button 修改密码按钮对象.
+   */
+  private Button createChangePasswordButton() {
+    Button button = new Button("修改密码");
+    button.setStyle("-fx-background-color: #2196F3; -fx-text-fill: white; "
+        + "-fx-font-size: 16px; -fx-background-radius: 10;");
+    button.setPrefSize(220, 55);
+    setupButtonHoverEffect(button, "#2196F3", "#1976D2");
+    return button;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * 创建退出登录按钮.
+   *
+   * @return Button 退出登录按钮对象.
+   */
+  private Button createLogoutButton() {
+    Button button = new Button("退出登录");
+    button.setStyle("-fx-background-color: #f44336; -fx-text-fill: white; "
+        + "-fx-font-size: 16px; -fx-background-radius: 10;");
+    button.setPrefSize(220, 55);
+    setupButtonHoverEffect(button, "#f44336", "#d32f2f");
+    return button;
   }
 
+  /**
+   * 设置按钮的悬停效果.
+   *
+   * @param button 需要设置悬停效果的按钮.
+   * @param normalColor 正常状态颜色.
+   * @param hoverColor 悬停状态颜色.
+   */
+  private void setupButtonHoverEffect(Button button, String normalColor,
+      String hoverColor) {
+    String normalStyle = String.format(
+        "-fx-background-color: %s; -fx-text-fill: white; -fx-font-size: 16px; "
+            + "-fx-background-radius: 10;", normalColor);
+    String hoverStyle = String.format(
+        "-fx-background-color: %s; -fx-text-fill: white; -fx-font-size: 16px; "
+            + "-fx-background-radius: 10;", hoverColor);
+
+    button.setOnMouseEntered(e -> button.setStyle(hoverStyle));
+    button.setOnMouseExited(e -> button.setStyle(normalStyle));
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * 设置按钮的点击事件.
+   *
+   * @param startButton 开始练习按钮.
+   * @param changePasswordButton 修改密码按钮.
+   * @param logoutButton 退出登录按钮.
+   */
+  private void setupButtonActions(Button startButton,
+      Button changePasswordButton, Button logoutButton) {
+    startButton.setOnAction(e -> sceneManager.showLevelSelectionView());
+    changePasswordButton.setOnAction(e -> showChangePasswordDialog());
+    logoutButton.setOnAction(e -> sceneManager.showLoginView());
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * 获取用户名的首字母，用于头像显示.
+   *
+   * @return String 用户名的首字母大写，如果用户名为空则返回"U".
+   */
   private String getFirstLetter() {
-    return currentUsername != null && !currentUsername.isEmpty() ?
-        currentUsername.substring(0, 1).toUpperCase() : "U";
+    return currentUsername != null && !currentUsername.isEmpty()
+        ? currentUsername.substring(0, 1).toUpperCase() : "U";
   }
 
-  // 添加更新用户名的方法
+  /**
+   * 更新用户名显示.
+   *
+   * @param username 新的用户名.
+   */
   public void updateUsername(String username) {
     this.currentUsername = username;
     if (usernameLabel != null) {
@@ -170,28 +308,60 @@ public class MainMenuView {
     }
   }
 
+  /**
+   * 显示修改密码对话框.
+   */
   private void showChangePasswordDialog() {
-    // 创建修改密码对话框
-    javafx.scene.control.Dialog<Void> dialog = new javafx.scene.control.Dialog<>();
+    javafx.scene.control.Dialog<Void> dialog =
+        new javafx.scene.control.Dialog<>();
     dialog.setTitle("修改密码");
     dialog.setHeaderText("请输入密码信息");
     dialog.setGraphic(null); // 移除默认图标
 
     // 创建表单
+    javafx.scene.layout.GridPane grid = createPasswordForm();
+    dialog.getDialogPane().setContent(grid);
+
+    // 添加按钮
+    dialog.getDialogPane().getButtonTypes().addAll(
+        javafx.scene.control.ButtonType.OK,
+        javafx.scene.control.ButtonType.CANCEL
+    );
+
+    dialog.setResultConverter(dialogButton -> {
+      if (dialogButton == javafx.scene.control.ButtonType.OK) {
+        handlePasswordChange(grid);
+      }
+      return null;
+    });
+
+    dialog.showAndWait();
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * 创建密码修改表单.
+   *
+   * @return GridPane 密码修改表单布局.
+   */
+  private javafx.scene.layout.GridPane createPasswordForm() {
     javafx.scene.layout.GridPane grid = new javafx.scene.layout.GridPane();
     grid.setHgap(15);
     grid.setVgap(15);
     grid.setPadding(new Insets(20, 30, 10, 30));
 
-    javafx.scene.control.PasswordField oldPassword = new javafx.scene.control.PasswordField();
+    javafx.scene.control.PasswordField oldPassword =
+        new javafx.scene.control.PasswordField();
     oldPassword.setPromptText("请输入原密码");
     oldPassword.setPrefWidth(200);
 
-    javafx.scene.control.PasswordField newPassword = new javafx.scene.control.PasswordField();
-    newPassword.setPromptText("请输入新密码（密码要6-10位，包含大，小写字母和数字）");
+    javafx.scene.control.PasswordField newPassword =
+        new javafx.scene.control.PasswordField();
+    newPassword.setPromptText("请输入新密码（密码要6-10位，"
+        + "包含大，小写字母和数字）");
     newPassword.setPrefWidth(200);
 
-    javafx.scene.control.PasswordField confirmPassword = new javafx.scene.control.PasswordField();
+    javafx.scene.control.PasswordField confirmPassword =
+        new javafx.scene.control.PasswordField();
     confirmPassword.setPromptText("请确认新密码");
     confirmPassword.setPrefWidth(200);
 
@@ -202,52 +372,76 @@ public class MainMenuView {
     grid.add(new Label("确认密码:"), 0, 2);
     grid.add(confirmPassword, 1, 2);
 
-    dialog.getDialogPane().setContent(grid);
+    return grid;
+  }
 
-    // 添加按钮
-    dialog.getDialogPane().getButtonTypes().addAll(
-        javafx.scene.control.ButtonType.OK,
-        javafx.scene.control.ButtonType.CANCEL
-    );
+  /**
+   * 处理密码修改逻辑.
+   *
+   * @param grid 包含密码输入框的表单布局.
+   */
+  private void handlePasswordChange(javafx.scene.layout.GridPane grid) {
+    javafx.scene.control.PasswordField oldPassword =
+        (javafx.scene.control.PasswordField) grid.getChildren().get(1);
+    javafx.scene.control.PasswordField newPassword =
+        (javafx.scene.control.PasswordField) grid.getChildren().get(3);
+    javafx.scene.control.PasswordField confirmPassword =
+        (javafx.scene.control.PasswordField) grid.getChildren().get(5);
+
+    String oldPwd = oldPassword.getText();
+    String newPwd = newPassword.getText();
+    String confirmPwd = confirmPassword.getText();
+
+    if (!validatePasswordInput(oldPwd, newPwd, confirmPwd)) {
+      return;
+    }
 
-    dialog.setResultConverter(dialogButton -> {
-      if (dialogButton == javafx.scene.control.ButtonType.OK) {
-        // 这里可以添加修改密码的逻辑
-        String oldPwd = oldPassword.getText();
-        String newPwd = newPassword.getText();
-        String confirmPwd = confirmPassword.getText();
-
-        if (oldPwd.isEmpty() || newPwd.isEmpty() || confirmPwd.isEmpty()) {
-          showAlert("错误", "请填写所有密码字段！");
-          return null;
-        }
-        if (!Login.login(currentUsername,oldPwd)){
-          showAlert("错误", "原密码错误！");
-          return null;
-        }
-        if (!newPwd.equals(confirmPwd)) {
-          showAlert("错误", "两次输入的新密码不一致！");
-          return null;
-        }
-        if (!Register.isVaildPassword(newPwd)) {
-          showAlert("错误", "密码要6-10位，包含大，小写字母和数字");
-          return null;
-        }
-        // 调用修改密码的后端逻辑
-        if(!ChangePassword.changePassword(currentUsername, confirmPwd)){
-          showAlert("错误", "密码修改失败");
-          return null;
-        }
-        else{
-          showAlert("成功", "密码修改成功！");
-        }
-      }
-      return null;
-    });
+    if (!Login.login(currentUsername, oldPwd)) {
+      showAlert("错误", "原密码错误！");
+      return;
+    }
 
-    dialog.showAndWait();
+    if (!Register.isVaildPassword(newPwd)) {
+      showAlert("错误", "密码要6-10位，包含大，小写字母和数字");
+      return;
+    }
+
+    if (!ChangePassword.changePassword(currentUsername, confirmPwd)) {
+      showAlert("错误", "密码修改失败");
+    } else {
+      showAlert("成功", "密码修改成功！");
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * 验证密码输入.
+   *
+   * @param oldPwd 原密码.
+   * @param newPwd 新密码.
+   * @param confirmPwd 确认密码.
+   * @return boolean 输入是否有效.
+   */
+  private boolean validatePasswordInput(String oldPwd, String newPwd,
+      String confirmPwd) {
+    if (oldPwd.isEmpty() || newPwd.isEmpty() || confirmPwd.isEmpty()) {
+      showAlert("错误", "请填写所有密码字段！");
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    if (!newPwd.equals(confirmPwd)) {
+      showAlert("错误", "两次输入的新密码不一致！");
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    return true;
   }
 
+  /**
+   * 显示提示对话框.
+   *
+   * @param title 对话框标题.
+   * @param message 对话框内容.
+   */
   private void showAlert(String title, String message) {
     Alert alert = new Alert(Alert.AlertType.INFORMATION);
     alert.setTitle(title);
@@ -256,6 +450,11 @@ public class MainMenuView {
     alert.showAndWait();
   }
 
+  /**
+   * 获取当前场景.
+   *
+   * @return Scene 主菜单界面的场景对象.
+   */
   public Scene getScene() {
     return scene;
   }
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/wsf/mathapp/view/QuestionCountView.java b/src/main/java/com/wsf/mathapp/view/QuestionCountView.java
index 902476e..3b83f6f 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/wsf/mathapp/view/QuestionCountView.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/wsf/mathapp/view/QuestionCountView.java
@@ -4,82 +4,191 @@ import com.wsf.mathapp.controller.SceneManager;
 import javafx.geometry.Insets;
 import javafx.geometry.Pos;
 import javafx.scene.Scene;
-import javafx.scene.control.*;
+import javafx.scene.control.Button;
+import javafx.scene.control.Label;
+import javafx.scene.control.TextField;
 import javafx.scene.layout.VBox;
 import javafx.scene.text.Font;
 
+/**
+ * 题目数量选择视图类，提供用户选择答题数量的界面.
+ * 允许用户输入10-30之间的题目数量，并开始答题.
+ */
 public class QuestionCountView {
   private Scene scene;
   private final SceneManager sceneManager;
   private String level;
 
+  /**
+   * 构造函数，初始化题目数量选择视图.
+   *
+   * @param sceneManager 场景管理器，用于界面导航.
+   */
   public QuestionCountView(SceneManager sceneManager) {
     this.sceneManager = sceneManager;
     createScene();
   }
 
+  /**
+   * 创建主场景，包含题目数量选择界面.
+   */
   private void createScene() {
     VBox root = new VBox(20);
     root.setPadding(new Insets(40));
     root.setAlignment(Pos.CENTER);
 
+    // 创建标题标签
+    Label titleLabel = createTitleLabel();
+
+    // 创建级别显示标签
+    Label levelLabel = createLevelLabel();
+
+    // 创建数量输入框
+    TextField countField = createCountField();
+
+    // 创建开始答题按钮
+    Button startButton = createStartButton();
+
+    // 创建返回按钮
+    Button backButton = createBackButton();
+
+    // 创建状态标签
+    Label statusLabel = new Label();
+
+    // 设置按钮事件
+    setupStartButtonAction(startButton, countField, statusLabel);
+    setupBackButtonAction(backButton);
+
+    root.getChildren().addAll(
+        titleLabel, levelLabel, countField, startButton, backButton, statusLabel
+    );
+
+    scene = new Scene(root, 400, 400);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * 创建标题标签.
+   *
+   * @return Label 标题标签对象.
+   */
+  private Label createTitleLabel() {
     Label titleLabel = new Label("选择题目数量");
     titleLabel.setFont(Font.font(20));
+    return titleLabel;
+  }
 
+  /**
+   * 创建级别显示标签.
+   *
+   * @return Label 级别显示标签对象.
+   */
+  private Label createLevelLabel() {
     Label levelLabel = new Label();
     levelLabel.setFont(Font.font(16));
+    return levelLabel;
+  }
 
+  /**
+   * 创建数量输入框.
+   *
+   * @return TextField 数量输入框对象.
+   */
+  private TextField createCountField() {
     TextField countField = new TextField();
     countField.setPromptText("请输入题目数量 (10-30)");
     countField.setMaxWidth(250);
     countField.setPrefHeight(40);
+    return countField;
+  }
 
+  /**
+   * 创建开始答题按钮.
+   *
+   * @return Button 开始答题按钮对象.
+   */
+  private Button createStartButton() {
     Button startButton = new Button("开始答题");
-    startButton.setStyle("-fx-background-color: #4CAF50; -fx-text-fill: white; -fx-font-size: 14px;");
+    startButton.setStyle("-fx-background-color: #4CAF50; -fx-text-fill: white; "
+        + "-fx-font-size: 14px;");
     startButton.setPrefSize(250, 45);
+    return startButton;
+  }
 
+  /**
+   * 创建返回按钮.
+   *
+   * @return Button 返回按钮对象.
+   */
+  private Button createBackButton() {
     Button backButton = new Button("返回");
     backButton.setStyle("-fx-background-color: #757575; -fx-text-fill: white;");
     backButton.setPrefSize(250, 40);
+    return backButton;
+  }
 
-    Label statusLabel = new Label();
+  /**
+   * 设置开始答题按钮的点击事件.
+   *
+   * @param startButton 开始答题按钮.
+   * @param countField 数量输入框.
+   * @param statusLabel 状态标签.
+   */
+  private void setupStartButtonAction(Button startButton, TextField countField,
+      Label statusLabel) {
+    startButton.setOnAction(e -> handleStartQuiz(countField, statusLabel));
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * 设置返回按钮的点击事件.
+   *
+   * @param backButton 返回按钮.
+   */
+  private void setupBackButtonAction(Button backButton) {
+    backButton.setOnAction(e -> sceneManager.showLevelSelectionView());
+  }
 
-    startButton.setOnAction(e -> {
-      try {
-        String countText = countField.getText().trim();
-        if (countText.isEmpty()) {
-          showError(statusLabel, "请输入题目数量！");
-          return;
-        }
-
-        int count = Integer.parseInt(countText);
-        if (count < 10 || count > 30) {
-          showError(statusLabel, "题目数量必须在10-30之间！");
-          return;
-        }
-
-        // 直接调用 showQuizView 并传递参数
-        sceneManager.showQuizView(level, count);
-
-      } catch (NumberFormatException ex) {
-        showError(statusLabel, "请输入有效的数字！");
+  /**
+   * 处理开始答题逻辑.
+   *
+   * @param countField 数量输入框.
+   * @param statusLabel 状态标签.
+   */
+  private void handleStartQuiz(TextField countField, Label statusLabel) {
+    try {
+      String countText = countField.getText().trim();
+      if (countText.isEmpty()) {
+        showError(statusLabel, "请输入题目数量！");
+        return;
       }
-    });
 
-    backButton.setOnAction(e -> {
-      sceneManager.showLevelSelectionView();
-    });
+      int count = Integer.parseInt(countText);
+      if (count < 10 || count > 30) {
+        showError(statusLabel, "题目数量必须在10-30之间！");
+        return;
+      }
 
-    root.getChildren().addAll(
-        titleLabel, levelLabel, countField, startButton, backButton, statusLabel
-    );
+      // 直接调用 showQuizView 并传递参数
+      sceneManager.showQuizView(level, count);
 
-    scene = new Scene(root, 400, 400);
+    } catch (NumberFormatException ex) {
+      showError(statusLabel, "请输入有效的数字！");
+    }
   }
 
+  /**
+   * 设置当前选择的题目级别.
+   *
+   * @param level 题目难度级别.
+   */
   public void setLevel(String level) {
     this.level = level;
-    // 更新界面显示当前选择的级别
+    updateLevelDisplay();
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * 更新界面显示当前选择的级别.
+   */
+  private void updateLevelDisplay() {
     if (scene != null) {
       VBox root = (VBox) scene.getRoot();
       Label levelLabel = (Label) root.getChildren().get(1);
@@ -88,11 +197,22 @@ public class QuestionCountView {
     }
   }
 
+  /**
+   * 显示错误信息.
+   *
+   * @param label 状态标签对象.
+   * @param message 错误信息内容.
+   */
   private void showError(Label label, String message) {
     label.setText(message);
     label.setStyle("-fx-text-fill: red;");
   }
 
+  /**
+   * 获取当前场景.
+   *
+   * @return Scene 题目数量选择界面的场景对象.
+   */
   public Scene getScene() {
     return scene;
   }
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/wsf/mathapp/view/QuizView.java b/src/main/java/com/wsf/mathapp/view/QuizView.java
index 529b0a9..4382fee 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/wsf/mathapp/view/QuizView.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/wsf/mathapp/view/QuizView.java
@@ -5,18 +5,25 @@ import com.wsf.mathapp.service.QuestionService;
 import com.ybw.mathapp.entity.QuestionWithOptions;
 import com.ybw.mathapp.service.MultipleChoiceGenerator;
 import com.ybw.mathapp.service.QuestionGenerator;
+import java.util.List;
 import javafx.geometry.Insets;
 import javafx.geometry.Pos;
 import javafx.scene.Scene;
-import javafx.scene.control.*;
+import javafx.scene.control.Button;
+import javafx.scene.control.Label;
+import javafx.scene.control.RadioButton;
+import javafx.scene.control.ToggleGroup;
 import javafx.scene.layout.VBox;
 import javafx.scene.text.Font;
-import java.util.List;
 
+
+/**
+ * 答题视图类，提供用户答题的界面.
+ * 显示题目、选项，并处理用户的答题逻辑和进度跟踪.
+ */
 public class QuizView {
   private Scene scene;
   private final SceneManager sceneManager;
-  private MultipleChoiceGenerator multipleChoiceGenerator = null;
   private String currentLevel;
   private int questionCount;
   private List<QuestionWithOptions> questions;
@@ -29,43 +36,105 @@ public class QuizView {
   private Label progressLabel;
   private Label questionNumberLabel;
 
+  /**
+   * 构造函数，初始化答题视图.
+   *
+   * @param sceneManager 场景管理器，用于界面导航.
+   */
   public QuizView(SceneManager sceneManager) {
     this.sceneManager = sceneManager;
     createScene();
   }
 
+  /**
+   * 创建主场景，包含答题界面的所有组件.
+   */
   private void createScene() {
     VBox root = new VBox(20);
     root.setPadding(new Insets(30));
     root.setAlignment(Pos.TOP_CENTER);
 
-    progressLabel = new Label();
-    progressLabel.setFont(Font.font(14));
+    // 创建界面组件
+    progressLabel = createProgressLabel();
+    questionNumberLabel = createQuestionNumberLabel();
+    questionLabel = createQuestionLabel();
+    optionsContainer = createOptionsContainer();
+    nextButton = createNextButton();
 
-    questionNumberLabel = new Label();
-    questionNumberLabel.setFont(Font.font(16));
-    questionNumberLabel.setStyle("-fx-text-fill: #666;");
+    root.getChildren().addAll(progressLabel, questionNumberLabel,
+        questionLabel, optionsContainer, nextButton);
 
-    questionLabel = new Label();
-    questionLabel.setFont(Font.font(18));
-    questionLabel.setWrapText(true);
-    questionLabel.setStyle("-fx-padding: 10 0 20 0;");
+    scene = new Scene(root, 600, 500);
+  }
 
-    optionsGroup = new ToggleGroup();
-    optionsContainer = new VBox(15);
-    optionsContainer.setAlignment(Pos.CENTER_LEFT);
-    optionsContainer.setPadding(new Insets(10));
+  /**
+   * 创建进度标签.
+   *
+   * @return Label 进度标签对象.
+   */
+  private Label createProgressLabel() {
+    Label label = new Label();
+    label.setFont(Font.font(14));
+    return label;
+  }
 
-    nextButton = new Button("下一题");
-    nextButton.setStyle("-fx-background-color: #4CAF50; -fx-text-fill: white; -fx-font-size: 14px;");
-    nextButton.setPrefSize(150, 40);
-    nextButton.setDisable(true);
+  /**
+   * 创建题号标签.
+   *
+   * @return Label 题号标签对象.
+   */
+  private Label createQuestionNumberLabel() {
+    Label label = new Label();
+    label.setFont(Font.font(16));
+    label.setStyle("-fx-text-fill: #666;");
+    return label;
+  }
 
-    root.getChildren().addAll(progressLabel, questionNumberLabel, questionLabel, optionsContainer, nextButton);
+  /**
+   * 创建题目标签.
+   *
+   * @return Label 题目标签对象.
+   */
+  private Label createQuestionLabel() {
+    Label label = new Label();
+    label.setFont(Font.font(18));
+    label.setWrapText(true);
+    label.setStyle("-fx-padding: 10 0 20 0;");
+    return label;
+  }
 
-    scene = new Scene(root, 600, 500);
+  /**
+   * 创建选项容器.
+   *
+   * @return VBox 选项容器布局.
+   */
+  private VBox createOptionsContainer() {
+    VBox container = new VBox(15);
+    container.setAlignment(Pos.CENTER_LEFT);
+    container.setPadding(new Insets(10));
+    return container;
   }
 
+  /**
+   * 创建下一题按钮.
+   *
+   * @return Button 下一题按钮对象.
+   */
+  private Button createNextButton() {
+    Button button = new Button("下一题");
+    button.setStyle("-fx-background-color: #4CAF50; -fx-text-fill: white; "
+        + "-fx-font-size: 14px;");
+    button.setPrefSize(150, 40);
+    button.setDisable(true);
+    return button;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * 设置测验参数并开始测验.
+   *
+   * @param level 题目难度级别.
+   * @param count 题目数量.
+   */
   public void setQuizParameters(String level, int count) {
     System.out.println("设置测验参数 - 级别: " + level + ", 题目数量: " + count);
 
@@ -87,6 +156,9 @@ public class QuizView {
     showQuestion(0);
   }
 
+  /**
+   * 生成题目列表.
+   */
   private void generateQuestions() {
     try {
       System.out.println("开始生成题目，级别: " + currentLevel + ", 数量: " + questionCount);
@@ -98,20 +170,25 @@ public class QuizView {
         return;
       }
 
-      System.out.println("题目生成器创建成功: " + questionGenerator.getClass().getSimpleName());
+      System.out.println("题目生成器创建成功: "
+          + questionGenerator.getClass().getSimpleName());
 
-      multipleChoiceGenerator = new MultipleChoiceGenerator(questionGenerator, currentLevel);
+      MultipleChoiceGenerator multipleChoiceGenerator = new MultipleChoiceGenerator(
+          questionGenerator, currentLevel);
       questions = multipleChoiceGenerator.generateMultipleChoiceQuestions(questionCount);
 
-      System.out.println("题目生成完成，数量: " + (questions != null ? questions.size() : "null"));
+      System.out.println("题目生成完成，数量: "
+          + (questions != null ? questions.size() : "null"));
 
     } catch (Exception e) {
       System.err.println("生成题目时出现异常: " + e.getMessage());
-      e.printStackTrace();
       questions = java.util.Collections.emptyList();
     }
   }
 
+  /**
+   * 显示空状态界面.
+   */
   private void showEmptyState() {
     VBox root = (VBox) scene.getRoot();
     root.getChildren().clear();
@@ -125,6 +202,11 @@ public class QuizView {
     root.getChildren().addAll(emptyLabel, backButton);
   }
 
+  /**
+   * 显示指定索引的题目.
+   *
+   * @param index 题目索引.
+   */
   private void showQuestion(int index) {
     if (index >= questions.size()) {
       // 所有题目已回答，显示结果
@@ -132,20 +214,49 @@ public class QuizView {
       sceneManager.showResultView(score);
       return;
     }
+
     QuestionWithOptions question = questions.get(index);
+    updateQuestionDisplay(index, question);
+    setupOptions(question);
+    setupNextButton(index, question);
+  }
 
+  /**
+   * 更新题目显示信息.
+   *
+   * @param index 题目索引.
+   * @param question 题目对象.
+   */
+  private void updateQuestionDisplay(int index, QuestionWithOptions question) {
     // 更新进度和题号
     progressLabel.setText("进度: " + (index + 1) + "/" + questions.size());
     questionNumberLabel.setText("第 " + (index + 1) + " 题");
 
     // 设置题目内容
-    String questionText = question.getQuestionText();
+    String questionText = formatQuestionText(question.getQuestionText());
+    questionLabel.setText(questionText + " = ?");
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * 格式化题目文本.
+   *
+   * @param questionText 原始题目文本.
+   * @return String 格式化后的题目文本.
+   */
+  private String formatQuestionText(String questionText) {
     // 移除末尾的 "="
     if (questionText.endsWith(" =")) {
       questionText = questionText.substring(0, questionText.length() - 2);
     }
-    questionLabel.setText(questionText + " = ?");
+    return questionText;
+  }
 
+  /**
+   * 设置选项.
+   *
+   * @param question 题目对象.
+   */
+  private void setupOptions(QuestionWithOptions question) {
     // 清空选项容器
     optionsContainer.getChildren().clear();
     optionsGroup = new ToggleGroup();
@@ -153,15 +264,34 @@ public class QuizView {
     // 添加选项
     List<String> options = question.getOptions();
     for (int i = 0; i < options.size(); i++) {
-      RadioButton radioButton = new RadioButton((char)('A' + i) + ". " + options.get(i));
-      radioButton.setToggleGroup(optionsGroup);
-      radioButton.setFont(Font.font(14));
-      radioButton.setWrapText(true);
-      radioButton.setPrefWidth(500);
+      RadioButton radioButton = createOptionRadioButton(i, options.get(i));
       optionsContainer.getChildren().add(radioButton);
     }
+  }
 
-    // 设置下一题按钮
+  /**
+   * 创建选项单选按钮.
+   *
+   * @param index 选项索引.
+   * @param optionText 选项文本.
+   * @return RadioButton 单选按钮对象.
+   */
+  private RadioButton createOptionRadioButton(int index, String optionText) {
+    RadioButton radioButton = new RadioButton((char) ('A' + index) + ". " + optionText);
+    radioButton.setToggleGroup(optionsGroup);
+    radioButton.setFont(Font.font(14));
+    radioButton.setWrapText(true);
+    radioButton.setPrefWidth(500);
+    return radioButton;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * 设置下一题按钮.
+   *
+   * @param index 当前题目索引.
+   * @param question 题目对象.
+   */
+  private void setupNextButton(int index, QuestionWithOptions question) {
     nextButton.setDisable(true);
     nextButton.setText(index == questions.size() - 1 ? "提交答案" : "下一题");
     nextButton.setOnAction(e -> {
@@ -170,11 +300,22 @@ public class QuizView {
     });
 
     // 启用下一题按钮当选择了一个选项时
-    optionsGroup.selectedToggleProperty().addListener((obs, oldVal, newVal) -> {
-      nextButton.setDisable(newVal == null);
-    });
+    setupOptionSelectionListener();
   }
 
+  /**
+   * 设置选项选择监听器.
+   */
+  private void setupOptionSelectionListener() {
+    optionsGroup.selectedToggleProperty().addListener((obs, oldVal, newVal) ->
+        nextButton.setDisable(newVal == null));
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * 检查答案是否正确.
+   *
+   * @param question 题目对象.
+   */
   private void checkAnswer(QuestionWithOptions question) {
     RadioButton selectedRadioButton = (RadioButton) optionsGroup.getSelectedToggle();
     if (selectedRadioButton != null) {
@@ -185,11 +326,13 @@ public class QuizView {
     }
   }
 
+  /**
+   * 获取当前场景.
+   *
+   * @return Scene 答题界面的场景对象.
+   */
   public Scene getScene() {
     return scene;
   }
 
-  public MultipleChoiceGenerator getMultipleChoiceGenerator() {
-    return multipleChoiceGenerator;
-  }
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/wsf/mathapp/view/RegisterView.java b/src/main/java/com/wsf/mathapp/view/RegisterView.java
index d1a3867..fa515df 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/wsf/mathapp/view/RegisterView.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/wsf/mathapp/view/RegisterView.java
@@ -2,16 +2,24 @@ package com.wsf.mathapp.view;
 
 import com.wsf.mathapp.controller.SceneManager;
 import com.ybw.mathapp.util.EmailService;
+import com.ybw.mathapp.util.LoginFileUtils;
 import com.ybw.mathapp.util.Register;
 import java.util.regex.Pattern;
 import javafx.geometry.Insets;
 import javafx.geometry.Pos;
 import javafx.scene.Scene;
-import javafx.scene.control.*;
+import javafx.scene.control.Button;
+import javafx.scene.control.Label;
+import javafx.scene.control.PasswordField;
+import javafx.scene.control.TextField;
 import javafx.scene.layout.VBox;
 import javafx.scene.text.Font;
-import com.ybw.mathapp.util.LoginFileUtils;
 
+
+/**
+ * 注册视图类，提供用户注册功能的界面.
+ * 包含用户名、邮箱、验证码、密码等输入字段的验证和注册逻辑.
+ */
 public class RegisterView {
   private Scene scene;
   private final SceneManager sceneManager;
@@ -25,178 +33,342 @@ public class RegisterView {
   private Label statusLabel;
   private Button sendCodeButton;
 
+  /**
+   * 构造函数，初始化注册视图.
+   *
+   * @param sceneManager 场景管理器，用于界面导航.
+   */
   public RegisterView(SceneManager sceneManager) {
     this.sceneManager = sceneManager;
     createScene();
   }
 
+  /**
+   * 创建主场景，包含注册界面的所有组件.
+   */
   private void createScene() {
     VBox root = new VBox(15);
     root.setPadding(new Insets(30));
     root.setAlignment(Pos.CENTER);
 
+    // 创建界面组件
+    usernameField = createUsernameField();
+    emailField = createEmailField();
+    sendCodeButton = createSendCodeButton();
+    codeField = createCodeField();
+    passwordField = createPasswordField();
+    confirmPasswordField = createConfirmPasswordField();
+    Button registerButton = createRegisterButton();
+    statusLabel = new Label();
+    Button backButton = createBackButton();
+    // 设置按钮事件
+    setupSendCodeButtonAction();
+    setupRegisterButtonAction(registerButton);
+    setupBackButtonAction(backButton);
+    Label titleLabel = createTitleLabel();
+    root.getChildren().addAll(
+        titleLabel,
+        usernameField,
+        emailField,
+        sendCodeButton,
+        codeField,
+        passwordField,
+        confirmPasswordField,
+        registerButton,
+        backButton,
+        statusLabel
+    );
+
+    scene = new Scene(root, 400, 550);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * 创建标题标签.
+   *
+   * @return Label 标题标签对象.
+   */
+  private Label createTitleLabel() {
     Label titleLabel = new Label("用户注册");
     titleLabel.setFont(Font.font(20));
+    return titleLabel;
+  }
 
-    // 添加用户名输入框
-    usernameField = new TextField();
-    usernameField.setPromptText("请输入用户名(3-20位字母、数字、下划线)");
-    usernameField.setMaxWidth(300);
-    usernameField.setPrefHeight(35);
+  /**
+   * 创建用户名输入框.
+   *
+   * @return TextField 用户名输入框对象.
+   */
+  private TextField createUsernameField() {
+    TextField field = new TextField();
+    field.setPromptText("请输入用户名(3-20位字母、数字、下划线)");
+    field.setMaxWidth(300);
+    field.setPrefHeight(35);
+    return field;
+  }
 
-    emailField = new TextField();
-    emailField.setPromptText("请输入邮箱");
-    emailField.setMaxWidth(300);
-    emailField.setPrefHeight(35);
+  /**
+   * 创建邮箱输入框.
+   *
+   * @return TextField 邮箱输入框对象.
+   */
+  private TextField createEmailField() {
+    TextField field = new TextField();
+    field.setPromptText("请输入邮箱");
+    field.setMaxWidth(300);
+    field.setPrefHeight(35);
+    return field;
+  }
 
-    sendCodeButton = new Button("发送验证码");
-    sendCodeButton.setStyle("-fx-background-color: #FF9800; -fx-text-fill: white;");
-    sendCodeButton.setPrefSize(120, 35);
+  /**
+   * 创建发送验证码按钮.
+   *
+   * @return Button 发送验证码按钮对象.
+   */
+  private Button createSendCodeButton() {
+    Button button = new Button("发送验证码");
+    button.setStyle("-fx-background-color: #FF9800; -fx-text-fill: white;");
+    button.setPrefSize(120, 35);
+    return button;
+  }
 
-    codeField = new TextField();
-    codeField.setPromptText("请输入验证码");
-    codeField.setMaxWidth(300);
-    codeField.setPrefHeight(35);
+  /**
+   * 创建验证码输入框.
+   *
+   * @return TextField 验证码输入框对象.
+   */
+  private TextField createCodeField() {
+    TextField field = new TextField();
+    field.setPromptText("请输入验证码");
+    field.setMaxWidth(300);
+    field.setPrefHeight(35);
+    return field;
+  }
 
-    passwordField = new PasswordField();
-    passwordField.setPromptText("请输入密码(6-10位，含大小写字母和数字)");
-    passwordField.setMaxWidth(300);
-    passwordField.setPrefHeight(35);
+  /**
+   * 创建密码输入框.
+   *
+   * @return PasswordField 密码输入框对象.
+   */
+  private PasswordField createPasswordField() {
+    PasswordField field = new PasswordField();
+    field.setPromptText("请输入密码(6-10位，含大小写字母和数字)");
+    field.setMaxWidth(300);
+    field.setPrefHeight(35);
+    return field;
+  }
 
-    confirmPasswordField = new PasswordField();
-    confirmPasswordField.setPromptText("请再次输入密码");
-    confirmPasswordField.setMaxWidth(300);
-    confirmPasswordField.setPrefHeight(35);
+  /**
+   * 创建确认密码输入框.
+   *
+   * @return PasswordField 确认密码输入框对象.
+   */
+  private PasswordField createConfirmPasswordField() {
+    PasswordField field = new PasswordField();
+    field.setPromptText("请再次输入密码");
+    field.setMaxWidth(300);
+    field.setPrefHeight(35);
+    return field;
+  }
 
-    Button registerButton = new Button("注册");
-    registerButton.setStyle("-fx-background-color: #4CAF50; -fx-text-fill: white; -fx-font-size: 14px;");
-    registerButton.setPrefSize(300, 40);
+  /**
+   * 创建注册按钮.
+   *
+   * @return Button 注册按钮对象.
+   */
+  private Button createRegisterButton() {
+    Button button = new Button("注册");
+    button.setStyle("-fx-background-color: #4CAF50; -fx-text-fill: white; "
+        + "-fx-font-size: 14px;");
+    button.setPrefSize(300, 40);
+    return button;
+  }
 
-    Button backButton = new Button("返回登录");
-    backButton.setStyle("-fx-background-color: #757575; -fx-text-fill: white;");
-    backButton.setPrefSize(300, 35);
+  /**
+   * 创建返回登录按钮.
+   *
+   * @return Button 返回登录按钮对象.
+   */
+  private Button createBackButton() {
+    Button button = new Button("返回登录");
+    button.setStyle("-fx-background-color: #757575; -fx-text-fill: white;");
+    button.setPrefSize(300, 35);
+    return button;
+  }
 
-    statusLabel = new Label();
+  /**
+   * 设置发送验证码按钮的点击事件.
+   */
+  private void setupSendCodeButtonAction() {
+    sendCodeButton.setOnAction(e -> handleSendVerificationCode());
+  }
 
-    sendCodeButton.setOnAction(e -> {
-      String username = usernameField.getText().trim();
-      String email = emailField.getText().trim();
+  /**
+   * 设置注册按钮的点击事件.
+   *
+   * @param registerButton 注册按钮对象.
+   */
+  private void setupRegisterButtonAction(Button registerButton) {
+    registerButton.setOnAction(e -> handleRegistration());
+  }
 
-      // 验证用户名
-      if (!isValidUsername(username)) {
-        showError(statusLabel, "用户名只包含英文字母和数字)");
-        return;
-      }
+  /**
+   * 设置返回按钮的点击事件.
+   *
+   * @param backButton 返回按钮对象.
+   */
+  private void setupBackButtonAction(Button backButton) {
+    backButton.setOnAction(e -> sceneManager.showLoginView());
+  }
 
-      // 检查用户名是否已存在
-      if (LoginFileUtils.isNameRegistered(username)) {
-        showError(statusLabel, "用户名已存在，请选择其他用户名！");
-        return;
-      }
+  /**
+   * 处理发送验证码逻辑.
+   */
+  private void handleSendVerificationCode() {
+    String username = usernameField.getText().trim();
+    String email = emailField.getText().trim();
 
-      if (!EmailService.isValidEmail(email)) {
-        showError(statusLabel, "请输入有效的邮箱地址！");
-        return;
-      }
+    if (!validateUsernameForCode(username)) {
+      return;
+    }
 
-      if (LoginFileUtils.isEmailRegistered(email)){
-        showError(statusLabel, "该邮箱已注册，请直接登录！");
-        return;
-      }
+    if (!validateEmailForCode(email)) {
+      return;
+    }
 
-      // 生成并发送验证码
-      boolean sent = EmailService.sendCode(email);
-      if (sent) {
-        showSuccess(statusLabel, "验证码已发送到您的邮箱！");
-        // 禁用发送按钮60秒
-        sendCodeButton.setDisable(true);
-        startCountdown(sendCodeButton);
-      } else {
-        showError(statusLabel, "发送验证码失败，请稍后重试！");
-      }
-    });
-
-    registerButton.setOnAction(e -> {
-      String username = usernameField.getText().trim();
-      String email = emailField.getText().trim();
-      String code = codeField.getText().trim();
-      String password = passwordField.getText();
-      String confirmPassword = confirmPasswordField.getText();
-
-      // 验证用户名
-      if (!isValidUsername(username)) {
-        showError(statusLabel, "用户名只包含英文字母和数字");
-        return;
-      }
+    // 生成并发送验证码
+    boolean sent = EmailService.sendCode(email);
+    if (sent) {
+      showSuccess(statusLabel, "验证码已发送到您的邮箱！");
+      // 禁用发送按钮60秒
+      sendCodeButton.setDisable(true);
+      startCountdown(sendCodeButton);
+    } else {
+      showError(statusLabel, "发送验证码失败，请稍后重试！");
+    }
+  }
 
-      // 检查用户名是否已存在
-      if (LoginFileUtils.isNameRegistered((username))){
-        showError(statusLabel, "用户名已存在，请选择其他用户名！");
-        return;
-      }
+  /**
+   * 验证用户名用于发送验证码.
+   *
+   * @param username 用户名.
+   * @return boolean 用户名是否有效.
+   */
+  private boolean validateUsernameForCode(String username) {
+    if (isInvalidUsername(username)) {
+      showError(statusLabel, "用户名只包含英文字母和数字)");
+      return false;
+    }
 
-      if (!EmailService.isValidEmail(email)) {
-        showError(statusLabel, "请输入有效的邮箱地址！");
-        return;
-      }
+    if (LoginFileUtils.isNameRegistered(username)) {
+      showError(statusLabel, "用户名已存在，请选择其他用户名！");
+      return false;
+    }
 
-      if (LoginFileUtils.isEmailRegistered(email)){
-        showError(statusLabel, "该邮箱已注册，请直接登录！");
-        return;
-      }
+    return true;
+  }
 
-      if (username.isEmpty() || email.isEmpty() || code.isEmpty() || password.isEmpty()) {
-        showError(statusLabel, "请填写所有字段！");
-        return;
-      }
+  /**
+   * 验证邮箱用于发送验证码.
+   *
+   * @param email 邮箱地址.
+   * @return boolean 邮箱是否有效.
+   */
+  private boolean validateEmailForCode(String email) {
+    if (!EmailService.isValidEmail(email)) {
+      showError(statusLabel, "请输入有效的邮箱地址！");
+      return false;
+    }
 
-      // 验证验证码
-      if (!EmailService.verifyCode(email, code)) {
-        showError(statusLabel, "验证码错误或已过期！");
-        return;
-      }
+    if (LoginFileUtils.isEmailRegistered(email)) {
+      showError(statusLabel, "该邮箱已注册，请直接登录！");
+      return false;
+    }
 
-      if (!Register.isVaildPassword(password)) {
-        showError(statusLabel, "密码要6-10位，包含大，小写字母和数字");
-        return;
-      }
+    return true;
+  }
 
-      if (!Register.isEqualPassword(password,confirmPassword)){
-        showError(statusLabel, "两次密码不一致");
-        return;
-      }
+  /**
+   * 处理用户注册逻辑.
+   */
+  private void handleRegistration() {
+    String username = usernameField.getText().trim();
+    String email = emailField.getText().trim();
+    String code = codeField.getText().trim();
+    String password = passwordField.getText();
+    String confirmPassword = confirmPasswordField.getText();
+
+    if (!validateRegistrationInput(username, email, code, password, confirmPassword)) {
+      return;
+    }
 
-      if (Register.register(username, email, password)) {
-        showSuccess(statusLabel, "注册成功！用户名: " + username);
-        sceneManager.setCurrentUserName(username);
-        sceneManager.showMainMenuView();
-      } else {
-        showError(statusLabel, "注册失败，请检查信息！");
-      }
-    });
+    // 验证验证码
+    if (!EmailService.verifyCode(email, code)) {
+      showError(statusLabel, "验证码错误或已过期！");
+      return;
+    }
 
-    backButton.setOnAction(e -> {
-      sceneManager.showLoginView();
-    });
+    if (!Register.isVaildPassword(password)) {
+      showError(statusLabel, "密码要6-10位，包含大，小写字母和数字");
+      return;
+    }
 
-    root.getChildren().addAll(
-        titleLabel,
-        usernameField,  // 添加用户名输入框
-        emailField,
-        sendCodeButton,
-        codeField,
-        passwordField,
-        confirmPasswordField,
-        registerButton,
-        backButton,
-        statusLabel
-    );
+    if (!Register.isEqualPassword(password, confirmPassword)) {
+      showError(statusLabel, "两次密码不一致");
+      return;
+    }
+
+    if (Register.register(username, email, password)) {
+      showSuccess(statusLabel, "注册成功！用户名: " + username);
+      sceneManager.setCurrentUserName(username);
+      sceneManager.showMainMenuView();
+    } else {
+      showError(statusLabel, "注册失败，请检查信息！");
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * 验证注册输入字段.
+   *
+   * @param username 用户名.
+   * @param email 邮箱.
+   * @param code 验证码.
+   * @param password 密码.
+   * @param confirmPassword 确认密码.
+   * @return boolean 输入是否有效.
+   */
+  private boolean validateRegistrationInput(String username, String email,
+      String code, String password, String confirmPassword) {
+    if (isInvalidUsername(username)) {
+      showError(statusLabel, "用户名只包含英文字母和数字");
+      return false;
+    }
 
-    scene = new Scene(root, 400, 550); // 增加高度以适应新字段
+    if (LoginFileUtils.isNameRegistered(username)) {
+      showError(statusLabel, "用户名已存在，请选择其他用户名！");
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    if (!EmailService.isValidEmail(email)) {
+      showError(statusLabel, "请输入有效的邮箱地址！");
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    if (LoginFileUtils.isEmailRegistered(email)) {
+      showError(statusLabel, "该邮箱已注册，请直接登录！");
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    if (username.isEmpty() || email.isEmpty() || code.isEmpty()
+        || password.isEmpty() || confirmPassword.isEmpty()) {
+      showError(statusLabel, "请填写所有字段！");
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    return true;
   }
 
   /**
-   * 清空所有输入字段和状态信息
+   * 清空所有输入字段和状态信息.
    */
   public void clearFields() {
     usernameField.clear();
@@ -211,14 +383,17 @@ public class RegisterView {
     sendCodeButton.setDisable(false);
   }
 
+  /**
+   * 开始倒计时.
+   *
+   * @param button 需要倒计时的按钮.
+   */
   private void startCountdown(Button button) {
     new Thread(() -> {
       try {
         for (int i = 60; i > 0; i--) {
           int finalI = i;
-          javafx.application.Platform.runLater(() -> {
-            button.setText(finalI + "秒后重发");
-          });
+          javafx.application.Platform.runLater(() -> button.setText(finalI + "秒后重发"));
           Thread.sleep(1000);
         }
         javafx.application.Platform.runLater(() -> {
@@ -226,31 +401,54 @@ public class RegisterView {
           button.setDisable(false);
         });
       } catch (InterruptedException ex) {
-        ex.printStackTrace();
+        // ex.printStackTrace();
       }
     }).start();
   }
 
+  /**
+   * 显示错误信息.
+   *
+   * @param label 状态标签对象.
+   * @param message 错误信息内容.
+   */
   private void showError(Label label, String message) {
     label.setText(message);
     label.setStyle("-fx-text-fill: red;");
   }
 
+  /**
+   * 显示成功信息.
+   *
+   * @param label 状态标签对象.
+   * @param message 成功信息内容.
+   */
   private void showSuccess(Label label, String message) {
     label.setText(message);
     label.setStyle("-fx-text-fill: green;");
   }
 
-  public Scene getScene() {
-    return scene;
-  }
-
-  public static boolean isValidUsername(String username) {
+  /**
+   * 验证用户名格式.
+   *
+   * @param username 用户名.
+   * @return boolean 用户名格式是否有效.
+   */
+  public static boolean isInvalidUsername(String username) {
     if (username == null || username.trim().isEmpty()) {
-      return false;
+      return true;
     }
     // 用户名规则：只包含英文字母和数字，不限制长度
     String usernameRegex = "^[a-zA-Z0-9]+$";
-    return Pattern.matches(usernameRegex, username.trim());
+    return !Pattern.matches(usernameRegex, username.trim());
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * 获取当前场景.
+   *
+   * @return Scene 注册界面的场景对象.
+   */
+  public Scene getScene() {
+    return scene;
   }
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/wsf/mathapp/view/ResultView.java b/src/main/java/com/wsf/mathapp/view/ResultView.java
index d4af0db..0e3f705 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/wsf/mathapp/view/ResultView.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/wsf/mathapp/view/ResultView.java
@@ -1,32 +1,37 @@
 package com.wsf.mathapp.view;
 
 import com.wsf.mathapp.controller.SceneManager;
-import java.util.Objects;
 import javafx.geometry.Insets;
 import javafx.geometry.Pos;
 import javafx.scene.Scene;
 import javafx.scene.control.Button;
 import javafx.scene.control.Label;
-import javafx.scene.image.Image;
-import javafx.scene.image.ImageView;
 import javafx.scene.layout.HBox;
-import javafx.scene.layout.Priority;
-import javafx.scene.layout.Region;
 import javafx.scene.layout.VBox;
 import javafx.scene.text.Font;
 
+/**
+ * 结果视图类，显示用户答题结果的界面.
+ * 包含分数显示、评语和导航按钮等功能.
+ */
 public class ResultView {
   private Scene scene;
   private final SceneManager sceneManager;
   private double score;
-  private String currentUsername;
 
+  /**
+   * 构造函数，初始化结果视图.
+   *
+   * @param sceneManager 场景管理器，用于界面导航.
+   */
   public ResultView(SceneManager sceneManager) {
     this.sceneManager = sceneManager;
-    this.currentUsername = sceneManager.getCurrentUserName();
     createScene();
   }
 
+  /**
+   * 创建主场景，包含用户信息栏和结果内容区域.
+   */
   private void createScene() {
     // 创建主容器
     VBox mainContainer = new VBox();
@@ -40,9 +45,14 @@ public class ResultView {
 
     mainContainer.getChildren().addAll(userInfoBar, resultContent);
 
-    scene = new Scene(mainContainer, 500, 550); // 增加宽度和高度以适应新布局
+    scene = new Scene(mainContainer, 500, 550);
   }
 
+  /**
+   * 创建用户信息栏.
+   *
+   * @return HBox 用户信息栏布局容器.
+   */
   private HBox createUserInfoBar() {
     HBox userInfoBar = new HBox(10);
     userInfoBar.setAlignment(Pos.CENTER_LEFT);
@@ -50,13 +60,49 @@ public class ResultView {
     return userInfoBar;
   }
 
+  /**
+   * 创建结果内容区域.
+   *
+   * @return VBox 结果内容区域布局容器.
+   */
   private VBox createResultContent() {
     VBox resultContent = new VBox(30);
     resultContent.setPadding(new Insets(20));
     resultContent.setAlignment(Pos.CENTER);
 
+    // 创建标题区域
+    Label titleLabel = createTitleLabel();
+
+    // 创建分数显示区域
+    VBox scoreSection = createScoreSection();
+
+    // 创建按钮区域
+    VBox buttonSection = createButtonSection();
+
+    resultContent.getChildren().addAll(titleLabel, scoreSection, buttonSection);
+
+    return resultContent;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * 创建标题标签.
+   *
+   * @return Label 标题标签对象.
+   */
+  private Label createTitleLabel() {
     Label titleLabel = new Label("答题完成");
     titleLabel.setFont(Font.font(24));
+    return titleLabel;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * 创建分数显示区域.
+   *
+   * @return VBox 分数显示区域布局容器.
+   */
+  private VBox createScoreSection() {
+    VBox scoreSection = new VBox(15);
+    scoreSection.setAlignment(Pos.CENTER);
 
     Label scoreLabel = new Label();
     scoreLabel.setFont(Font.font(48));
@@ -64,73 +110,169 @@ public class ResultView {
     Label messageLabel = new Label();
     messageLabel.setFont(Font.font(18));
 
-    Button restartButton = new Button("再次练习");
-    restartButton.setStyle("-fx-background-color: #4CAF50; -fx-text-fill: white; -fx-font-size: 16px;");
-    restartButton.setPrefSize(200, 50);
+    scoreSection.getChildren().addAll(scoreLabel, messageLabel);
+    return scoreSection;
+  }
 
-    Button mainMenuButton = new Button("返回主菜单");
-    mainMenuButton.setStyle("-fx-background-color: #2196F3; -fx-text-fill: white; -fx-font-size: 16px;");
-    mainMenuButton.setPrefSize(200, 50);
+  /**
+   * 创建按钮区域.
+   *
+   * @return VBox 按钮区域布局容器.
+   */
+  private VBox createButtonSection() {
+    VBox buttonSection = new VBox(15);
+    buttonSection.setAlignment(Pos.CENTER);
 
-    Button exitButton = new Button("退出系统");
-    exitButton.setStyle("-fx-background-color: #757575; -fx-text-fill: white; -fx-font-size: 16px;");
-    exitButton.setPrefSize(200, 50);
+    Button restartButton = createRestartButton();
+    Button mainMenuButton = createMainMenuButton();
+    Button exitButton = createExitButton();
 
-    restartButton.setOnAction(e -> {
-      sceneManager.showLevelSelectionView();
-    });
+    setupButtonActions(restartButton, mainMenuButton, exitButton);
 
-    mainMenuButton.setOnAction(e -> {
-      sceneManager.showMainMenuView();
-    });
+    buttonSection.getChildren().addAll(restartButton, mainMenuButton, exitButton);
+    return buttonSection;
+  }
 
-    exitButton.setOnAction(e -> {
-      System.exit(0);
-    });
+  /**
+   * 创建再次练习按钮.
+   *
+   * @return Button 再次练习按钮对象.
+   */
+  private Button createRestartButton() {
+    Button button = new Button("再次练习");
+    button.setStyle("-fx-background-color: #4CAF50; -fx-text-fill: white; "
+        + "-fx-font-size: 16px;");
+    button.setPrefSize(200, 50);
+    return button;
+  }
 
-    resultContent.getChildren().addAll(
-        titleLabel, scoreLabel, messageLabel,
-        restartButton, mainMenuButton, exitButton
-    );
+  /**
+   * 创建返回主菜单按钮.
+   *
+   * @return Button 返回主菜单按钮对象.
+   */
+  private Button createMainMenuButton() {
+    Button button = new Button("返回主菜单");
+    button.setStyle("-fx-background-color: #2196F3; -fx-text-fill: white; "
+        + "-fx-font-size: 16px;");
+    button.setPrefSize(200, 50);
+    return button;
+  }
 
-    return resultContent;
+  /**
+   * 创建退出系统按钮.
+   *
+   * @return Button 退出系统按钮对象.
+   */
+  private Button createExitButton() {
+    Button button = new Button("退出系统");
+    button.setStyle("-fx-background-color: #757575; -fx-text-fill: white; "
+        + "-fx-font-size: 16px;");
+    button.setPrefSize(200, 50);
+    return button;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * 设置按钮的点击事件.
+   *
+   * @param restartButton 再次练习按钮.
+   * @param mainMenuButton 返回主菜单按钮.
+   * @param exitButton 退出系统按钮.
+   */
+  private void setupButtonActions(Button restartButton, Button mainMenuButton,
+      Button exitButton) {
+    restartButton.setOnAction(e -> sceneManager.showLevelSelectionView());
+    mainMenuButton.setOnAction(e -> sceneManager.showMainMenuView());
+    exitButton.setOnAction(e -> System.exit(0));
   }
 
+  /**
+   * 设置分数并更新显示.
+   *
+   * @param score 用户得分（0-1之间的比例）.
+   */
   public void setScore(double score) {
     this.score = score;
     updateScoreDisplay();
   }
 
-
+  /**
+   * 更新分数显示.
+   */
   private void updateScoreDisplay() {
     if (scene != null) {
       VBox mainContainer = (VBox) scene.getRoot();
       VBox resultContent = (VBox) mainContainer.getChildren().get(1);
-      Label scoreLabel = (Label) resultContent.getChildren().get(1);
-      Label messageLabel = (Label) resultContent.getChildren().get(2);
-
-      int percentage = (int) (score * 100);
-      scoreLabel.setText(percentage + "分");
-
-      // 根据分数设置不同的颜色和评语
-      if (score >= 0.9) {
-        scoreLabel.setStyle("-fx-text-fill: #4CAF50;");
-        messageLabel.setText("优秀！表现非常出色！");
-      } else if (score >= 0.7) {
-        scoreLabel.setStyle("-fx-text-fill: #FF9800;");
-        messageLabel.setText("良好！继续加油！");
-      } else if (score >= 0.6) {
-        scoreLabel.setStyle("-fx-text-fill: #FFC107;");
-        messageLabel.setText("及格！还有进步空间！");
-      } else {
-        scoreLabel.setStyle("-fx-text-fill: #f44336;");
-        messageLabel.setText("需要多加练习！");
-      }
+      VBox scoreSection = (VBox) resultContent.getChildren().get(1);
+
+      Label scoreLabel = (Label) scoreSection.getChildren().get(0);
+      Label messageLabel = (Label) scoreSection.getChildren().get(1);
+
+      updateScoreLabel(scoreLabel);
+      updateMessageLabel(messageLabel);
     }
   }
 
+  /**
+   * 更新分数标签.
+   *
+   * @param scoreLabel 分数标签对象.
+   */
+  private void updateScoreLabel(Label scoreLabel) {
+    int percentage = (int) (score * 100);
+    scoreLabel.setText(percentage + "分");
+    applyScoreColor(scoreLabel);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * 更新评语标签.
+   *
+   * @param messageLabel 评语标签对象.
+   */
+  private void updateMessageLabel(Label messageLabel) {
+    messageLabel.setText(getScoreMessage());
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * 根据分数应用相应的颜色.
+   *
+   * @param scoreLabel 分数标签对象.
+   */
+  private void applyScoreColor(Label scoreLabel) {
+    if (score >= 0.9) {
+      scoreLabel.setStyle("-fx-text-fill: #4CAF50;");
+    } else if (score >= 0.7) {
+      scoreLabel.setStyle("-fx-text-fill: #FF9800;");
+    } else if (score >= 0.6) {
+      scoreLabel.setStyle("-fx-text-fill: #FFC107;");
+    } else {
+      scoreLabel.setStyle("-fx-text-fill: #f44336;");
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * 根据分数获取相应的评语.
+   *
+   * @return String 对应的评语.
+   */
+  private String getScoreMessage() {
+    if (score >= 0.9) {
+      return "优秀！表现非常出色！";
+    } else if (score >= 0.7) {
+      return "良好！继续加油！";
+    } else if (score >= 0.6) {
+      return "及格！还有进步空间！";
+    } else {
+      return "需要多加练习！";
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * 获取当前场景.
+   *
+   * @return Scene 结果界面的场景对象.
+   */
   public Scene getScene() {
     return scene;
   }
-
 }
\ No newline at end of file