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1110 lines
35 KiB
1110 lines
35 KiB
5 months ago
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from __future__ import annotations
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import ast
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import collections.abc as cabc
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import importlib.metadata
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import inspect
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import os
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import platform
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import re
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import sys
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import traceback
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import typing as t
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from functools import update_wrapper
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from operator import itemgetter
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from types import ModuleType
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import click
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from click.core import ParameterSource
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from werkzeug import run_simple
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from werkzeug.serving import is_running_from_reloader
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from werkzeug.utils import import_string
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from .globals import current_app
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from .helpers import get_debug_flag
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from .helpers import get_load_dotenv
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if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
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import ssl
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from _typeshed.wsgi import StartResponse
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from _typeshed.wsgi import WSGIApplication
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from _typeshed.wsgi import WSGIEnvironment
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from .app import Flask
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class NoAppException(click.UsageError):
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"""Raised if an application cannot be found or loaded."""
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def find_best_app(module: ModuleType) -> Flask:
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"""Given a module instance this tries to find the best possible
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application in the module or raises an exception.
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"""
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from . import Flask
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# Search for the most common names first.
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for attr_name in ("app", "application"):
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app = getattr(module, attr_name, None)
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if isinstance(app, Flask):
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return app
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# Otherwise find the only object that is a Flask instance.
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matches = [v for v in module.__dict__.values() if isinstance(v, Flask)]
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if len(matches) == 1:
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return matches[0]
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elif len(matches) > 1:
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raise NoAppException(
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"Detected multiple Flask applications in module"
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f" '{module.__name__}'. Use '{module.__name__}:name'"
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" to specify the correct one."
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)
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# Search for app factory functions.
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for attr_name in ("create_app", "make_app"):
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app_factory = getattr(module, attr_name, None)
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if inspect.isfunction(app_factory):
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try:
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app = app_factory()
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if isinstance(app, Flask):
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return app
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except TypeError as e:
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if not _called_with_wrong_args(app_factory):
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raise
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raise NoAppException(
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f"Detected factory '{attr_name}' in module '{module.__name__}',"
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" but could not call it without arguments. Use"
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f" '{module.__name__}:{attr_name}(args)'"
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" to specify arguments."
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) from e
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raise NoAppException(
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"Failed to find Flask application or factory in module"
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f" '{module.__name__}'. Use '{module.__name__}:name'"
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" to specify one."
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)
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def _called_with_wrong_args(f: t.Callable[..., Flask]) -> bool:
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"""Check whether calling a function raised a ``TypeError`` because
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the call failed or because something in the factory raised the
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error.
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:param f: The function that was called.
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:return: ``True`` if the call failed.
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"""
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tb = sys.exc_info()[2]
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try:
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while tb is not None:
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if tb.tb_frame.f_code is f.__code__:
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# In the function, it was called successfully.
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return False
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tb = tb.tb_next
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# Didn't reach the function.
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return True
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finally:
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# Delete tb to break a circular reference.
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# https://docs.python.org/2/library/sys.html#sys.exc_info
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del tb
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def find_app_by_string(module: ModuleType, app_name: str) -> Flask:
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"""Check if the given string is a variable name or a function. Call
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a function to get the app instance, or return the variable directly.
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"""
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from . import Flask
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# Parse app_name as a single expression to determine if it's a valid
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# attribute name or function call.
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try:
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expr = ast.parse(app_name.strip(), mode="eval").body
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except SyntaxError:
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raise NoAppException(
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f"Failed to parse {app_name!r} as an attribute name or function call."
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) from None
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if isinstance(expr, ast.Name):
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name = expr.id
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args = []
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kwargs = {}
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elif isinstance(expr, ast.Call):
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# Ensure the function name is an attribute name only.
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if not isinstance(expr.func, ast.Name):
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raise NoAppException(
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f"Function reference must be a simple name: {app_name!r}."
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)
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name = expr.func.id
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# Parse the positional and keyword arguments as literals.
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try:
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args = [ast.literal_eval(arg) for arg in expr.args]
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kwargs = {
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kw.arg: ast.literal_eval(kw.value)
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for kw in expr.keywords
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if kw.arg is not None
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}
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except ValueError:
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# literal_eval gives cryptic error messages, show a generic
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# message with the full expression instead.
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raise NoAppException(
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f"Failed to parse arguments as literal values: {app_name!r}."
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) from None
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else:
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raise NoAppException(
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f"Failed to parse {app_name!r} as an attribute name or function call."
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)
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try:
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attr = getattr(module, name)
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except AttributeError as e:
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raise NoAppException(
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f"Failed to find attribute {name!r} in {module.__name__!r}."
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) from e
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# If the attribute is a function, call it with any args and kwargs
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# to get the real application.
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if inspect.isfunction(attr):
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try:
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app = attr(*args, **kwargs)
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except TypeError as e:
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if not _called_with_wrong_args(attr):
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raise
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raise NoAppException(
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f"The factory {app_name!r} in module"
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f" {module.__name__!r} could not be called with the"
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" specified arguments."
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) from e
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else:
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app = attr
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if isinstance(app, Flask):
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return app
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raise NoAppException(
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"A valid Flask application was not obtained from"
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f" '{module.__name__}:{app_name}'."
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)
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def prepare_import(path: str) -> str:
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"""Given a filename this will try to calculate the python path, add it
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to the search path and return the actual module name that is expected.
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"""
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path = os.path.realpath(path)
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fname, ext = os.path.splitext(path)
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if ext == ".py":
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path = fname
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if os.path.basename(path) == "__init__":
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path = os.path.dirname(path)
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module_name = []
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# move up until outside package structure (no __init__.py)
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while True:
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path, name = os.path.split(path)
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module_name.append(name)
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if not os.path.exists(os.path.join(path, "__init__.py")):
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break
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if sys.path[0] != path:
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sys.path.insert(0, path)
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return ".".join(module_name[::-1])
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@t.overload
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def locate_app(
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module_name: str, app_name: str | None, raise_if_not_found: t.Literal[True] = True
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) -> Flask: ...
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@t.overload
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def locate_app(
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module_name: str, app_name: str | None, raise_if_not_found: t.Literal[False] = ...
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) -> Flask | None: ...
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def locate_app(
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module_name: str, app_name: str | None, raise_if_not_found: bool = True
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) -> Flask | None:
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try:
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__import__(module_name)
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except ImportError:
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# Reraise the ImportError if it occurred within the imported module.
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# Determine this by checking whether the trace has a depth > 1.
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if sys.exc_info()[2].tb_next: # type: ignore[union-attr]
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raise NoAppException(
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f"While importing {module_name!r}, an ImportError was"
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f" raised:\n\n{traceback.format_exc()}"
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) from None
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elif raise_if_not_found:
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raise NoAppException(f"Could not import {module_name!r}.") from None
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else:
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return None
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module = sys.modules[module_name]
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if app_name is None:
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return find_best_app(module)
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else:
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return find_app_by_string(module, app_name)
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def get_version(ctx: click.Context, param: click.Parameter, value: t.Any) -> None:
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if not value or ctx.resilient_parsing:
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return
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flask_version = importlib.metadata.version("flask")
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werkzeug_version = importlib.metadata.version("werkzeug")
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click.echo(
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f"Python {platform.python_version()}\n"
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f"Flask {flask_version}\n"
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f"Werkzeug {werkzeug_version}",
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color=ctx.color,
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)
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ctx.exit()
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version_option = click.Option(
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["--version"],
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help="Show the Flask version.",
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expose_value=False,
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callback=get_version,
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is_flag=True,
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is_eager=True,
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)
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class ScriptInfo:
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"""Helper object to deal with Flask applications. This is usually not
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necessary to interface with as it's used internally in the dispatching
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to click. In future versions of Flask this object will most likely play
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a bigger role. Typically it's created automatically by the
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:class:`FlaskGroup` but you can also manually create it and pass it
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onwards as click object.
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"""
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def __init__(
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self,
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app_import_path: str | None = None,
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create_app: t.Callable[..., Flask] | None = None,
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set_debug_flag: bool = True,
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) -> None:
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#: Optionally the import path for the Flask application.
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self.app_import_path = app_import_path
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#: Optionally a function that is passed the script info to create
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#: the instance of the application.
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self.create_app = create_app
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#: A dictionary with arbitrary data that can be associated with
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#: this script info.
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self.data: dict[t.Any, t.Any] = {}
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self.set_debug_flag = set_debug_flag
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self._loaded_app: Flask | None = None
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def load_app(self) -> Flask:
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"""Loads the Flask app (if not yet loaded) and returns it. Calling
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this multiple times will just result in the already loaded app to
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be returned.
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"""
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if self._loaded_app is not None:
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return self._loaded_app
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if self.create_app is not None:
|
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app: Flask | None = self.create_app()
|
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else:
|
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|
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if self.app_import_path:
|
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path, name = (
|
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re.split(r":(?![\\/])", self.app_import_path, maxsplit=1) + [None]
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)[:2]
|
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import_name = prepare_import(path)
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app = locate_app(import_name, name)
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else:
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for path in ("wsgi.py", "app.py"):
|
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import_name = prepare_import(path)
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app = locate_app(import_name, None, raise_if_not_found=False)
|
||
|
|
|
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|
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if app is not None:
|
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|
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break
|
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|
|
|
||
|
|
if app is None:
|
||
|
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raise NoAppException(
|
||
|
|
"Could not locate a Flask application. Use the"
|
||
|
|
" 'flask --app' option, 'FLASK_APP' environment"
|
||
|
|
" variable, or a 'wsgi.py' or 'app.py' file in the"
|
||
|
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" current directory."
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||
|
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)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
if self.set_debug_flag:
|
||
|
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# Update the app's debug flag through the descriptor so that
|
||
|
|
# other values repopulate as well.
|
||
|
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app.debug = get_debug_flag()
|
||
|
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||
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self._loaded_app = app
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||
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|
return app
|
||
|
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|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
pass_script_info = click.make_pass_decorator(ScriptInfo, ensure=True)
|
||
|
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|
||
|
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F = t.TypeVar("F", bound=t.Callable[..., t.Any])
|
||
|
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|
||
|
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|
||
|
|
def with_appcontext(f: F) -> F:
|
||
|
|
"""Wraps a callback so that it's guaranteed to be executed with the
|
||
|
|
script's application context.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Custom commands (and their options) registered under ``app.cli`` or
|
||
|
|
``blueprint.cli`` will always have an app context available, this
|
||
|
|
decorator is not required in that case.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
.. versionchanged:: 2.2
|
||
|
|
The app context is active for subcommands as well as the
|
||
|
|
decorated callback. The app context is always available to
|
||
|
|
``app.cli`` command and parameter callbacks.
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
@click.pass_context
|
||
|
|
def decorator(ctx: click.Context, /, *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any) -> t.Any:
|
||
|
|
if not current_app:
|
||
|
|
app = ctx.ensure_object(ScriptInfo).load_app()
|
||
|
|
ctx.with_resource(app.app_context())
|
||
|
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|
||
|
|
return ctx.invoke(f, *args, **kwargs)
|
||
|
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|
||
|
|
return update_wrapper(decorator, f) # type: ignore[return-value]
|
||
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|
|
class AppGroup(click.Group):
|
||
|
|
"""This works similar to a regular click :class:`~click.Group` but it
|
||
|
|
changes the behavior of the :meth:`command` decorator so that it
|
||
|
|
automatically wraps the functions in :func:`with_appcontext`.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Not to be confused with :class:`FlaskGroup`.
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def command( # type: ignore[override]
|
||
|
|
self, *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any
|
||
|
|
) -> t.Callable[[t.Callable[..., t.Any]], click.Command]:
|
||
|
|
"""This works exactly like the method of the same name on a regular
|
||
|
|
:class:`click.Group` but it wraps callbacks in :func:`with_appcontext`
|
||
|
|
unless it's disabled by passing ``with_appcontext=False``.
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
wrap_for_ctx = kwargs.pop("with_appcontext", True)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def decorator(f: t.Callable[..., t.Any]) -> click.Command:
|
||
|
|
if wrap_for_ctx:
|
||
|
|
f = with_appcontext(f)
|
||
|
|
return super(AppGroup, self).command(*args, **kwargs)(f) # type: ignore[no-any-return]
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
return decorator
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def group( # type: ignore[override]
|
||
|
|
self, *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any
|
||
|
|
) -> t.Callable[[t.Callable[..., t.Any]], click.Group]:
|
||
|
|
"""This works exactly like the method of the same name on a regular
|
||
|
|
:class:`click.Group` but it defaults the group class to
|
||
|
|
:class:`AppGroup`.
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
kwargs.setdefault("cls", AppGroup)
|
||
|
|
return super().group(*args, **kwargs) # type: ignore[no-any-return]
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def _set_app(ctx: click.Context, param: click.Option, value: str | None) -> str | None:
|
||
|
|
if value is None:
|
||
|
|
return None
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
info = ctx.ensure_object(ScriptInfo)
|
||
|
|
info.app_import_path = value
|
||
|
|
return value
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# This option is eager so the app will be available if --help is given.
|
||
|
|
# --help is also eager, so --app must be before it in the param list.
|
||
|
|
# no_args_is_help bypasses eager processing, so this option must be
|
||
|
|
# processed manually in that case to ensure FLASK_APP gets picked up.
|
||
|
|
_app_option = click.Option(
|
||
|
|
["-A", "--app"],
|
||
|
|
metavar="IMPORT",
|
||
|
|
help=(
|
||
|
|
"The Flask application or factory function to load, in the form 'module:name'."
|
||
|
|
" Module can be a dotted import or file path. Name is not required if it is"
|
||
|
|
" 'app', 'application', 'create_app', or 'make_app', and can be 'name(args)' to"
|
||
|
|
" pass arguments."
|
||
|
|
),
|
||
|
|
is_eager=True,
|
||
|
|
expose_value=False,
|
||
|
|
callback=_set_app,
|
||
|
|
)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def _set_debug(ctx: click.Context, param: click.Option, value: bool) -> bool | None:
|
||
|
|
# If the flag isn't provided, it will default to False. Don't use
|
||
|
|
# that, let debug be set by env in that case.
|
||
|
|
source = ctx.get_parameter_source(param.name) # type: ignore[arg-type]
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
if source is not None and source in (
|
||
|
|
ParameterSource.DEFAULT,
|
||
|
|
ParameterSource.DEFAULT_MAP,
|
||
|
|
):
|
||
|
|
return None
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# Set with env var instead of ScriptInfo.load so that it can be
|
||
|
|
# accessed early during a factory function.
|
||
|
|
os.environ["FLASK_DEBUG"] = "1" if value else "0"
|
||
|
|
return value
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
_debug_option = click.Option(
|
||
|
|
["--debug/--no-debug"],
|
||
|
|
help="Set debug mode.",
|
||
|
|
expose_value=False,
|
||
|
|
callback=_set_debug,
|
||
|
|
)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def _env_file_callback(
|
||
|
|
ctx: click.Context, param: click.Option, value: str | None
|
||
|
|
) -> str | None:
|
||
|
|
if value is None:
|
||
|
|
return None
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
import importlib
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
try:
|
||
|
|
importlib.import_module("dotenv")
|
||
|
|
except ImportError:
|
||
|
|
raise click.BadParameter(
|
||
|
|
"python-dotenv must be installed to load an env file.",
|
||
|
|
ctx=ctx,
|
||
|
|
param=param,
|
||
|
|
) from None
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# Don't check FLASK_SKIP_DOTENV, that only disables automatically
|
||
|
|
# loading .env and .flaskenv files.
|
||
|
|
load_dotenv(value)
|
||
|
|
return value
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# This option is eager so env vars are loaded as early as possible to be
|
||
|
|
# used by other options.
|
||
|
|
_env_file_option = click.Option(
|
||
|
|
["-e", "--env-file"],
|
||
|
|
type=click.Path(exists=True, dir_okay=False),
|
||
|
|
help="Load environment variables from this file. python-dotenv must be installed.",
|
||
|
|
is_eager=True,
|
||
|
|
expose_value=False,
|
||
|
|
callback=_env_file_callback,
|
||
|
|
)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
class FlaskGroup(AppGroup):
|
||
|
|
"""Special subclass of the :class:`AppGroup` group that supports
|
||
|
|
loading more commands from the configured Flask app. Normally a
|
||
|
|
developer does not have to interface with this class but there are
|
||
|
|
some very advanced use cases for which it makes sense to create an
|
||
|
|
instance of this. see :ref:`custom-scripts`.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
:param add_default_commands: if this is True then the default run and
|
||
|
|
shell commands will be added.
|
||
|
|
:param add_version_option: adds the ``--version`` option.
|
||
|
|
:param create_app: an optional callback that is passed the script info and
|
||
|
|
returns the loaded app.
|
||
|
|
:param load_dotenv: Load the nearest :file:`.env` and :file:`.flaskenv`
|
||
|
|
files to set environment variables. Will also change the working
|
||
|
|
directory to the directory containing the first file found.
|
||
|
|
:param set_debug_flag: Set the app's debug flag.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
.. versionchanged:: 2.2
|
||
|
|
Added the ``-A/--app``, ``--debug/--no-debug``, ``-e/--env-file`` options.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
.. versionchanged:: 2.2
|
||
|
|
An app context is pushed when running ``app.cli`` commands, so
|
||
|
|
``@with_appcontext`` is no longer required for those commands.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
.. versionchanged:: 1.0
|
||
|
|
If installed, python-dotenv will be used to load environment variables
|
||
|
|
from :file:`.env` and :file:`.flaskenv` files.
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def __init__(
|
||
|
|
self,
|
||
|
|
add_default_commands: bool = True,
|
||
|
|
create_app: t.Callable[..., Flask] | None = None,
|
||
|
|
add_version_option: bool = True,
|
||
|
|
load_dotenv: bool = True,
|
||
|
|
set_debug_flag: bool = True,
|
||
|
|
**extra: t.Any,
|
||
|
|
) -> None:
|
||
|
|
params = list(extra.pop("params", None) or ())
|
||
|
|
# Processing is done with option callbacks instead of a group
|
||
|
|
# callback. This allows users to make a custom group callback
|
||
|
|
# without losing the behavior. --env-file must come first so
|
||
|
|
# that it is eagerly evaluated before --app.
|
||
|
|
params.extend((_env_file_option, _app_option, _debug_option))
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
if add_version_option:
|
||
|
|
params.append(version_option)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
if "context_settings" not in extra:
|
||
|
|
extra["context_settings"] = {}
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
extra["context_settings"].setdefault("auto_envvar_prefix", "FLASK")
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
super().__init__(params=params, **extra)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
self.create_app = create_app
|
||
|
|
self.load_dotenv = load_dotenv
|
||
|
|
self.set_debug_flag = set_debug_flag
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
if add_default_commands:
|
||
|
|
self.add_command(run_command)
|
||
|
|
self.add_command(shell_command)
|
||
|
|
self.add_command(routes_command)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
self._loaded_plugin_commands = False
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def _load_plugin_commands(self) -> None:
|
||
|
|
if self._loaded_plugin_commands:
|
||
|
|
return
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
if sys.version_info >= (3, 10):
|
||
|
|
from importlib import metadata
|
||
|
|
else:
|
||
|
|
# Use a backport on Python < 3.10. We technically have
|
||
|
|
# importlib.metadata on 3.8+, but the API changed in 3.10,
|
||
|
|
# so use the backport for consistency.
|
||
|
|
import importlib_metadata as metadata
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
for ep in metadata.entry_points(group="flask.commands"):
|
||
|
|
self.add_command(ep.load(), ep.name)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
self._loaded_plugin_commands = True
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def get_command(self, ctx: click.Context, name: str) -> click.Command | None:
|
||
|
|
self._load_plugin_commands()
|
||
|
|
# Look up built-in and plugin commands, which should be
|
||
|
|
# available even if the app fails to load.
|
||
|
|
rv = super().get_command(ctx, name)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
if rv is not None:
|
||
|
|
return rv
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
info = ctx.ensure_object(ScriptInfo)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# Look up commands provided by the app, showing an error and
|
||
|
|
# continuing if the app couldn't be loaded.
|
||
|
|
try:
|
||
|
|
app = info.load_app()
|
||
|
|
except NoAppException as e:
|
||
|
|
click.secho(f"Error: {e.format_message()}\n", err=True, fg="red")
|
||
|
|
return None
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# Push an app context for the loaded app unless it is already
|
||
|
|
# active somehow. This makes the context available to parameter
|
||
|
|
# and command callbacks without needing @with_appcontext.
|
||
|
|
if not current_app or current_app._get_current_object() is not app: # type: ignore[attr-defined]
|
||
|
|
ctx.with_resource(app.app_context())
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
return app.cli.get_command(ctx, name)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def list_commands(self, ctx: click.Context) -> list[str]:
|
||
|
|
self._load_plugin_commands()
|
||
|
|
# Start with the built-in and plugin commands.
|
||
|
|
rv = set(super().list_commands(ctx))
|
||
|
|
info = ctx.ensure_object(ScriptInfo)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# Add commands provided by the app, showing an error and
|
||
|
|
# continuing if the app couldn't be loaded.
|
||
|
|
try:
|
||
|
|
rv.update(info.load_app().cli.list_commands(ctx))
|
||
|
|
except NoAppException as e:
|
||
|
|
# When an app couldn't be loaded, show the error message
|
||
|
|
# without the traceback.
|
||
|
|
click.secho(f"Error: {e.format_message()}\n", err=True, fg="red")
|
||
|
|
except Exception:
|
||
|
|
# When any other errors occurred during loading, show the
|
||
|
|
# full traceback.
|
||
|
|
click.secho(f"{traceback.format_exc()}\n", err=True, fg="red")
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
return sorted(rv)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def make_context(
|
||
|
|
self,
|
||
|
|
info_name: str | None,
|
||
|
|
args: list[str],
|
||
|
|
parent: click.Context | None = None,
|
||
|
|
**extra: t.Any,
|
||
|
|
) -> click.Context:
|
||
|
|
# Set a flag to tell app.run to become a no-op. If app.run was
|
||
|
|
# not in a __name__ == __main__ guard, it would start the server
|
||
|
|
# when importing, blocking whatever command is being called.
|
||
|
|
os.environ["FLASK_RUN_FROM_CLI"] = "true"
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# Attempt to load .env and .flask env files. The --env-file
|
||
|
|
# option can cause another file to be loaded.
|
||
|
|
if get_load_dotenv(self.load_dotenv):
|
||
|
|
load_dotenv()
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
if "obj" not in extra and "obj" not in self.context_settings:
|
||
|
|
extra["obj"] = ScriptInfo(
|
||
|
|
create_app=self.create_app, set_debug_flag=self.set_debug_flag
|
||
|
|
)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
return super().make_context(info_name, args, parent=parent, **extra)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def parse_args(self, ctx: click.Context, args: list[str]) -> list[str]:
|
||
|
|
if not args and self.no_args_is_help:
|
||
|
|
# Attempt to load --env-file and --app early in case they
|
||
|
|
# were given as env vars. Otherwise no_args_is_help will not
|
||
|
|
# see commands from app.cli.
|
||
|
|
_env_file_option.handle_parse_result(ctx, {}, [])
|
||
|
|
_app_option.handle_parse_result(ctx, {}, [])
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
return super().parse_args(ctx, args)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def _path_is_ancestor(path: str, other: str) -> bool:
|
||
|
|
"""Take ``other`` and remove the length of ``path`` from it. Then join it
|
||
|
|
to ``path``. If it is the original value, ``path`` is an ancestor of
|
||
|
|
``other``."""
|
||
|
|
return os.path.join(path, other[len(path) :].lstrip(os.sep)) == other
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def load_dotenv(path: str | os.PathLike[str] | None = None) -> bool:
|
||
|
|
"""Load "dotenv" files in order of precedence to set environment variables.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
If an env var is already set it is not overwritten, so earlier files in the
|
||
|
|
list are preferred over later files.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
This is a no-op if `python-dotenv`_ is not installed.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
.. _python-dotenv: https://github.com/theskumar/python-dotenv#readme
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
:param path: Load the file at this location instead of searching.
|
||
|
|
:return: ``True`` if a file was loaded.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
.. versionchanged:: 2.0
|
||
|
|
The current directory is not changed to the location of the
|
||
|
|
loaded file.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
.. versionchanged:: 2.0
|
||
|
|
When loading the env files, set the default encoding to UTF-8.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
.. versionchanged:: 1.1.0
|
||
|
|
Returns ``False`` when python-dotenv is not installed, or when
|
||
|
|
the given path isn't a file.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
.. versionadded:: 1.0
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
try:
|
||
|
|
import dotenv
|
||
|
|
except ImportError:
|
||
|
|
if path or os.path.isfile(".env") or os.path.isfile(".flaskenv"):
|
||
|
|
click.secho(
|
||
|
|
" * Tip: There are .env or .flaskenv files present."
|
||
|
|
' Do "pip install python-dotenv" to use them.',
|
||
|
|
fg="yellow",
|
||
|
|
err=True,
|
||
|
|
)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
return False
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# Always return after attempting to load a given path, don't load
|
||
|
|
# the default files.
|
||
|
|
if path is not None:
|
||
|
|
if os.path.isfile(path):
|
||
|
|
return dotenv.load_dotenv(path, encoding="utf-8")
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
return False
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
loaded = False
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
for name in (".env", ".flaskenv"):
|
||
|
|
path = dotenv.find_dotenv(name, usecwd=True)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
if not path:
|
||
|
|
continue
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
dotenv.load_dotenv(path, encoding="utf-8")
|
||
|
|
loaded = True
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
return loaded # True if at least one file was located and loaded.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def show_server_banner(debug: bool, app_import_path: str | None) -> None:
|
||
|
|
"""Show extra startup messages the first time the server is run,
|
||
|
|
ignoring the reloader.
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
if is_running_from_reloader():
|
||
|
|
return
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
if app_import_path is not None:
|
||
|
|
click.echo(f" * Serving Flask app '{app_import_path}'")
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
if debug is not None:
|
||
|
|
click.echo(f" * Debug mode: {'on' if debug else 'off'}")
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
class CertParamType(click.ParamType):
|
||
|
|
"""Click option type for the ``--cert`` option. Allows either an
|
||
|
|
existing file, the string ``'adhoc'``, or an import for a
|
||
|
|
:class:`~ssl.SSLContext` object.
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
name = "path"
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def __init__(self) -> None:
|
||
|
|
self.path_type = click.Path(exists=True, dir_okay=False, resolve_path=True)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def convert(
|
||
|
|
self, value: t.Any, param: click.Parameter | None, ctx: click.Context | None
|
||
|
|
) -> t.Any:
|
||
|
|
try:
|
||
|
|
import ssl
|
||
|
|
except ImportError:
|
||
|
|
raise click.BadParameter(
|
||
|
|
'Using "--cert" requires Python to be compiled with SSL support.',
|
||
|
|
ctx,
|
||
|
|
param,
|
||
|
|
) from None
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
try:
|
||
|
|
return self.path_type(value, param, ctx)
|
||
|
|
except click.BadParameter:
|
||
|
|
value = click.STRING(value, param, ctx).lower()
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
if value == "adhoc":
|
||
|
|
try:
|
||
|
|
import cryptography # noqa: F401
|
||
|
|
except ImportError:
|
||
|
|
raise click.BadParameter(
|
||
|
|
"Using ad-hoc certificates requires the cryptography library.",
|
||
|
|
ctx,
|
||
|
|
param,
|
||
|
|
) from None
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
return value
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
obj = import_string(value, silent=True)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
if isinstance(obj, ssl.SSLContext):
|
||
|
|
return obj
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
raise
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def _validate_key(ctx: click.Context, param: click.Parameter, value: t.Any) -> t.Any:
|
||
|
|
"""The ``--key`` option must be specified when ``--cert`` is a file.
|
||
|
|
Modifies the ``cert`` param to be a ``(cert, key)`` pair if needed.
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
cert = ctx.params.get("cert")
|
||
|
|
is_adhoc = cert == "adhoc"
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
try:
|
||
|
|
import ssl
|
||
|
|
except ImportError:
|
||
|
|
is_context = False
|
||
|
|
else:
|
||
|
|
is_context = isinstance(cert, ssl.SSLContext)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
if value is not None:
|
||
|
|
if is_adhoc:
|
||
|
|
raise click.BadParameter(
|
||
|
|
'When "--cert" is "adhoc", "--key" is not used.', ctx, param
|
||
|
|
)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
if is_context:
|
||
|
|
raise click.BadParameter(
|
||
|
|
'When "--cert" is an SSLContext object, "--key" is not used.',
|
||
|
|
ctx,
|
||
|
|
param,
|
||
|
|
)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
if not cert:
|
||
|
|
raise click.BadParameter('"--cert" must also be specified.', ctx, param)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
ctx.params["cert"] = cert, value
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
else:
|
||
|
|
if cert and not (is_adhoc or is_context):
|
||
|
|
raise click.BadParameter('Required when using "--cert".', ctx, param)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
return value
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
class SeparatedPathType(click.Path):
|
||
|
|
"""Click option type that accepts a list of values separated by the
|
||
|
|
OS's path separator (``:``, ``;`` on Windows). Each value is
|
||
|
|
validated as a :class:`click.Path` type.
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def convert(
|
||
|
|
self, value: t.Any, param: click.Parameter | None, ctx: click.Context | None
|
||
|
|
) -> t.Any:
|
||
|
|
items = self.split_envvar_value(value)
|
||
|
|
# can't call no-arg super() inside list comprehension until Python 3.12
|
||
|
|
super_convert = super().convert
|
||
|
|
return [super_convert(item, param, ctx) for item in items]
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
@click.command("run", short_help="Run a development server.")
|
||
|
|
@click.option("--host", "-h", default="127.0.0.1", help="The interface to bind to.")
|
||
|
|
@click.option("--port", "-p", default=5000, help="The port to bind to.")
|
||
|
|
@click.option(
|
||
|
|
"--cert",
|
||
|
|
type=CertParamType(),
|
||
|
|
help="Specify a certificate file to use HTTPS.",
|
||
|
|
is_eager=True,
|
||
|
|
)
|
||
|
|
@click.option(
|
||
|
|
"--key",
|
||
|
|
type=click.Path(exists=True, dir_okay=False, resolve_path=True),
|
||
|
|
callback=_validate_key,
|
||
|
|
expose_value=False,
|
||
|
|
help="The key file to use when specifying a certificate.",
|
||
|
|
)
|
||
|
|
@click.option(
|
||
|
|
"--reload/--no-reload",
|
||
|
|
default=None,
|
||
|
|
help="Enable or disable the reloader. By default the reloader "
|
||
|
|
"is active if debug is enabled.",
|
||
|
|
)
|
||
|
|
@click.option(
|
||
|
|
"--debugger/--no-debugger",
|
||
|
|
default=None,
|
||
|
|
help="Enable or disable the debugger. By default the debugger "
|
||
|
|
"is active if debug is enabled.",
|
||
|
|
)
|
||
|
|
@click.option(
|
||
|
|
"--with-threads/--without-threads",
|
||
|
|
default=True,
|
||
|
|
help="Enable or disable multithreading.",
|
||
|
|
)
|
||
|
|
@click.option(
|
||
|
|
"--extra-files",
|
||
|
|
default=None,
|
||
|
|
type=SeparatedPathType(),
|
||
|
|
help=(
|
||
|
|
"Extra files that trigger a reload on change. Multiple paths"
|
||
|
|
f" are separated by {os.path.pathsep!r}."
|
||
|
|
),
|
||
|
|
)
|
||
|
|
@click.option(
|
||
|
|
"--exclude-patterns",
|
||
|
|
default=None,
|
||
|
|
type=SeparatedPathType(),
|
||
|
|
help=(
|
||
|
|
"Files matching these fnmatch patterns will not trigger a reload"
|
||
|
|
" on change. Multiple patterns are separated by"
|
||
|
|
f" {os.path.pathsep!r}."
|
||
|
|
),
|
||
|
|
)
|
||
|
|
@pass_script_info
|
||
|
|
def run_command(
|
||
|
|
info: ScriptInfo,
|
||
|
|
host: str,
|
||
|
|
port: int,
|
||
|
|
reload: bool,
|
||
|
|
debugger: bool,
|
||
|
|
with_threads: bool,
|
||
|
|
cert: ssl.SSLContext | tuple[str, str | None] | t.Literal["adhoc"] | None,
|
||
|
|
extra_files: list[str] | None,
|
||
|
|
exclude_patterns: list[str] | None,
|
||
|
|
) -> None:
|
||
|
|
"""Run a local development server.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
This server is for development purposes only. It does not provide
|
||
|
|
the stability, security, or performance of production WSGI servers.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
The reloader and debugger are enabled by default with the '--debug'
|
||
|
|
option.
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
try:
|
||
|
|
app: WSGIApplication = info.load_app()
|
||
|
|
except Exception as e:
|
||
|
|
if is_running_from_reloader():
|
||
|
|
# When reloading, print out the error immediately, but raise
|
||
|
|
# it later so the debugger or server can handle it.
|
||
|
|
traceback.print_exc()
|
||
|
|
err = e
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def app(
|
||
|
|
environ: WSGIEnvironment, start_response: StartResponse
|
||
|
|
) -> cabc.Iterable[bytes]:
|
||
|
|
raise err from None
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
else:
|
||
|
|
# When not reloading, raise the error immediately so the
|
||
|
|
# command fails.
|
||
|
|
raise e from None
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
debug = get_debug_flag()
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
if reload is None:
|
||
|
|
reload = debug
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
if debugger is None:
|
||
|
|
debugger = debug
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
show_server_banner(debug, info.app_import_path)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
run_simple(
|
||
|
|
host,
|
||
|
|
port,
|
||
|
|
app,
|
||
|
|
use_reloader=reload,
|
||
|
|
use_debugger=debugger,
|
||
|
|
threaded=with_threads,
|
||
|
|
ssl_context=cert,
|
||
|
|
extra_files=extra_files,
|
||
|
|
exclude_patterns=exclude_patterns,
|
||
|
|
)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
run_command.params.insert(0, _debug_option)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
@click.command("shell", short_help="Run a shell in the app context.")
|
||
|
|
@with_appcontext
|
||
|
|
def shell_command() -> None:
|
||
|
|
"""Run an interactive Python shell in the context of a given
|
||
|
|
Flask application. The application will populate the default
|
||
|
|
namespace of this shell according to its configuration.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
This is useful for executing small snippets of management code
|
||
|
|
without having to manually configure the application.
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
import code
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
banner = (
|
||
|
|
f"Python {sys.version} on {sys.platform}\n"
|
||
|
|
f"App: {current_app.import_name}\n"
|
||
|
|
f"Instance: {current_app.instance_path}"
|
||
|
|
)
|
||
|
|
ctx: dict[str, t.Any] = {}
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# Support the regular Python interpreter startup script if someone
|
||
|
|
# is using it.
|
||
|
|
startup = os.environ.get("PYTHONSTARTUP")
|
||
|
|
if startup and os.path.isfile(startup):
|
||
|
|
with open(startup) as f:
|
||
|
|
eval(compile(f.read(), startup, "exec"), ctx)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
ctx.update(current_app.make_shell_context())
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# Site, customize, or startup script can set a hook to call when
|
||
|
|
# entering interactive mode. The default one sets up readline with
|
||
|
|
# tab and history completion.
|
||
|
|
interactive_hook = getattr(sys, "__interactivehook__", None)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
if interactive_hook is not None:
|
||
|
|
try:
|
||
|
|
import readline
|
||
|
|
from rlcompleter import Completer
|
||
|
|
except ImportError:
|
||
|
|
pass
|
||
|
|
else:
|
||
|
|
# rlcompleter uses __main__.__dict__ by default, which is
|
||
|
|
# flask.__main__. Use the shell context instead.
|
||
|
|
readline.set_completer(Completer(ctx).complete)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
interactive_hook()
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
code.interact(banner=banner, local=ctx)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
@click.command("routes", short_help="Show the routes for the app.")
|
||
|
|
@click.option(
|
||
|
|
"--sort",
|
||
|
|
"-s",
|
||
|
|
type=click.Choice(("endpoint", "methods", "domain", "rule", "match")),
|
||
|
|
default="endpoint",
|
||
|
|
help=(
|
||
|
|
"Method to sort routes by. 'match' is the order that Flask will match routes"
|
||
|
|
" when dispatching a request."
|
||
|
|
),
|
||
|
|
)
|
||
|
|
@click.option("--all-methods", is_flag=True, help="Show HEAD and OPTIONS methods.")
|
||
|
|
@with_appcontext
|
||
|
|
def routes_command(sort: str, all_methods: bool) -> None:
|
||
|
|
"""Show all registered routes with endpoints and methods."""
|
||
|
|
rules = list(current_app.url_map.iter_rules())
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
if not rules:
|
||
|
|
click.echo("No routes were registered.")
|
||
|
|
return
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
ignored_methods = set() if all_methods else {"HEAD", "OPTIONS"}
|
||
|
|
host_matching = current_app.url_map.host_matching
|
||
|
|
has_domain = any(rule.host if host_matching else rule.subdomain for rule in rules)
|
||
|
|
rows = []
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
for rule in rules:
|
||
|
|
row = [
|
||
|
|
rule.endpoint,
|
||
|
|
", ".join(sorted((rule.methods or set()) - ignored_methods)),
|
||
|
|
]
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
if has_domain:
|
||
|
|
row.append((rule.host if host_matching else rule.subdomain) or "")
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
row.append(rule.rule)
|
||
|
|
rows.append(row)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
headers = ["Endpoint", "Methods"]
|
||
|
|
sorts = ["endpoint", "methods"]
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
if has_domain:
|
||
|
|
headers.append("Host" if host_matching else "Subdomain")
|
||
|
|
sorts.append("domain")
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
headers.append("Rule")
|
||
|
|
sorts.append("rule")
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
try:
|
||
|
|
rows.sort(key=itemgetter(sorts.index(sort)))
|
||
|
|
except ValueError:
|
||
|
|
pass
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
rows.insert(0, headers)
|
||
|
|
widths = [max(len(row[i]) for row in rows) for i in range(len(headers))]
|
||
|
|
rows.insert(1, ["-" * w for w in widths])
|
||
|
|
template = " ".join(f"{{{i}:<{w}}}" for i, w in enumerate(widths))
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
for row in rows:
|
||
|
|
click.echo(template.format(*row))
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
cli = FlaskGroup(
|
||
|
|
name="flask",
|
||
|
|
help="""\
|
||
|
|
A general utility script for Flask applications.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
An application to load must be given with the '--app' option,
|
||
|
|
'FLASK_APP' environment variable, or with a 'wsgi.py' or 'app.py' file
|
||
|
|
in the current directory.
|
||
|
|
""",
|
||
|
|
)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def main() -> None:
|
||
|
|
cli.main()
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
if __name__ == "__main__":
|
||
|
|
main()
|