Urban_subway_navigation_system/代码

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <queue>
#include <string>
#include <map>

using namespace std;

const int N = 240;  //地铁站点数目
const int INF = 0x3f3f3f3f;  //表示正无穷

//地铁线路的颜色
string line_color[22] = {"", "1号线", "2号线", "4号线",
                         "5号线", "6号线", "7号线",
                         "8号线", "9号线", "10号线",
                         "13号线", "14号线东",
                         "14号线西", "15号线",
                         "16号线", "八通线", "昌平线",
                         "亦庄线", "房山线", "机场线",
                         "西郊线", "S2线"};

//地铁站点信息
struct Station {
    string name;  //站点名称
    int line;     //所在地铁线路
    int transfer; //是否为换乘站（0不是，否则表示该站可以换乘）
    bool operator<(const Station& other) const {  //定义小于号，方便使用stl的heap/priority_queue
        return line < other.line;
    }
} station_list[N + 1];

//地铁站点间的距离
int dist[N + 1][N + 1];

//向地铁站点列表中添加站点
void add_station(int id, string name, int line, int transfer) {
    station_list[id] = {name, line, transfer};
}

//初始化北京地铁的站点信息和站点间距离
void init_subway_map() {
    //初始化站点信息
    add_station(1, "苹果园", 1, 1);
add_station(2, "古城", 1, 0);
    add_station(3, "八角游乐园", 1, 0);
    add_station(4, "八宝山", 1, 0);
    add_station(5, "玉泉路", 1, 0);
    add_station(6, "五棵松", 1, 1);
    add_station(7, "万寿路", 1, 0);
    add_station(8, "公主坟", 1, 1);
    add_station(9, "军事博物馆", 1, 0);
    add_station(10, "木樨地", 1, 0);
    add_station(11, "南礼士路", 1, 0);
    add_station(12, "复兴门", 1, 1);
    add_station(13, "西单", 1, 1);
    add_station(14, "天安门西", 1, 0);
    add_station(15, "天安门东", 1, 0);
    add_station(16, "王府井", 1, 1);
    add_station(17, "东单", 1, 1);
    add_station(18, "建国门", 1, 1);
    add_station(19, "永安里", 1, 0);
    add_station(20, "国贸", 1, 1);
    add_station(21, "大望路", 1, 0);
    add_station(22, "四惠", 1, 1);
    add_station(23, "四惠东", 1, 0);
    add_station(24, "西直门", 2, 1);
    add_station(25, "车公庄", 2, 1);
    add_station(26, "阜成门", 2, 0);
    add_station(27, "复兴门", 2, 1);
    add_station(28, "长椿街", 2, 0);
    add_station(29, "宣武门", 2, 1);
    add_station(30, "和平门", 2, 0);
    add_station(31, "前门", 2, 0);
    add_station(32, "崇文门", 2, 1);
    add_station(33, "北京站", 2, 1);
    add_station(34, "建国门", 2, 1);
    add_station(35, "朝阳门", 2, 1);
    add_station(36, "东四十条", 2, 0);
    add_station(37, "东直门", 2, 1);
    add_station(38, "雍和宫", 2, 1);
    add_station(39, "安定门", 2, 0);
    add_station(40, "鼓楼大街", 2, 1);
    add_station(41, "积水潭", 2, 0);
    add_station(42, "西直门", 4, 1);
    add_station(43, "新街口", 4, 0);
    add_station(44, "平安里", 4, 1);
    add_station(45, "西四", 4, 0);
    add_station(46, "灵境胡同", 4, 0);
    add_station(47, "西单", 4, 1);
    add_station(48, "宣武门", 4, 1);
    add_station(49, "菜市口", 4, 1);
    add_station(50, "陶然亭", 4, 0);
    add_station(51, "北京南站", 4, 1);
    add_station(52, "马家堡", 4, 0);
    add_station(53, "角门西", 4, 0);
    add_station(54, "公益西桥", 4, 0);
    add_station(55, "新宫", 4, 0);
    add_station(56, "西红门", 4, 0);
    add_station(57, "高米店北", 4, 0);
    add_station(58, "高米店南", 4, 0);
    add_station(59, "枣园", 4, 0);
    add_station(60, "清源路", 4, 0);
    add_station(61, "黄村西大街", 4, 0);
    add_station(62, "黄村火车站", 4, 0);
    add_station(63, "义和庄", 4, 0);
    add_station(64, "生物医药基地", 4, 0);
    add_station(65, "天宫院", 4, 0);
    add_station(66, "宋家庄", 5, 1);
    add_station(67, "刘家窑", 5, 0);
    add_station(68, "蒲黄榆", 5, 1);
    add_station(69, "天坛东门", 5, 0);
    add_station(70, "磁器口", 5, 1);
    add_station(71, "崇文门", 5, 1);
    add_station(72, "东单", 5, 1);
    add_station(73, "灯市口", 5, 0);
    add_station(74, "东四", 5, 0);
    add_station(75, "张自忠路", 5, 0);
    add_station(76, "北新桥", 5, 0);
    add_station(77, "雍和宫", 5, 1);
    add_station(78, "和平里北街", 5, 0);
    add_station(79, "和平西桥", 5, 0);
    add_station(80, "惠新西街南口", 5, 0);
    add_station(81, "惠新西街北口", 5, 0);
    add_station(82, "大屯路东", 5, 1);
    add_station(83, "北苑路北", 5, 0);
    add_station(84, "立水桥南", 5, 0);
    add_station(85, "立水桥", 5, 1);
    add_station(86, "天通苑南", 5, 0);
    add_station(87, "天通苑", 5, 0);
    add_station(88, "天通苑北", 5, 0);
    add_station(89, "昌平西山口", 5, 0);
    add_station(90, "十三陵景区", 5, 0);
    add_station(91, "昌平", 5, 0);
    add_station(92, "昌平东关", 5, 0);
    add_station(93, "南邵", 8, 0);
    add_station(94, "沙河高教园", 8, 0);
    add_station(95, "沙河", 8, 0);
    add_station(96, "巩华城", 8, 0);
    add_station(97, "朱辛庄", 8, 0);
    add_station(98, "生命科学园", 8, 0);
    add_station(99, "西二旗", 13, 1);
    add_station(100, "生命科学园", 13, 0);
    add_station(101, "永泰庄", 13, 0);
    add_station(102, "西北旺", 13, 0);
    add_station(103, "马连洼", 13, 0);
    add_station(104, "上地", 13, 1);
    add_station(105, "五道口", 13, 1);
    add_station(106, "知春路", 13, 1);
    add_station(107, "知春里", 13, 0);
    add_station(108, "海淀黄庄", 4, 1);
    add_station(109, "人民大学", 4, 0);
    add_station(110, "魏公村", 4, 0);
    add_station(111, "国家图书馆", 4, 1);
    add_station(112, "动物园", 4, 1);
    add_station(113, "新街口", 4, 0);
    add_station(114, "平安里", 6, 1);
    add_station(115, "北海北", 6, 0);
    add_station(116, "南锣鼓巷", 6, 1);
    add_station(117, "东四", 6, 1);
    add_station(118, "朝阳门", 6, 1);
    add_station(119, "东大桥", 6, 0);
    add_station(120, "呼家楼", 6, 1);
    add_station(121, "金台路", 6, 1);
    add_station(122, "十里堡", 6, 0);
    add_station(123, "青年路", 6, 0);
    add_station(124, "褡裢坡", 6, 0);
    add_station(125, "黄渠", 6, 0);
    add_station(126, "常营", 6, 0);
    add_station(127, "草房", 6, 0);
    add_station(128, "物资学院路", 6, 0);
    add_station(129, "通州北关", 6, 0);
    add_station(130, "北运河西", 6, 0);
    add_station(131, "郝家府", 6, 0);
    add_station(132, "东夏园", 6, 0);
    add_station(133, "潞城", 6, 0);
    add_station(134, "顺义", BC, 0);
    add_station(135, "俸伯", BC, 0);
    add_station(136, "机场北站", BC, 0);
    add_station(137, "中关村", 10, 1);
    add_station(138, "海淀大街", 10, 1);
    add_station(139, "知春路", 10, 1);
    add_station(140, "西土城", 10, 0);
    add_station(141, "牡丹园", 10, 0);
    add_station(142, "健德门", 10, 0);
    add_station(143, "北土城", 10, 0);
    add_station(144, "安贞门", 10, 1);
    add_station(145, "惠新西街南口", 10, 0);
    add_station(146, "芍药居", 10, 1);
    add_station(147, "太阳宫", 10, 0);
    add_station(148, "三元桥", 10, 1);
    add_station(149, "亮马桥", 10, 0);
    add_station(150, "农业展览馆", 10, 1);
    add_station(151, "团结湖", 10, 0);
    add_station(152, "呼家楼", 10, 1);
    add_station(153, "金台夕照", 10, 0);
    add_station(154, "国贸", 10, 1);
    add_station(155, "双井", 10, 0);
    add_station(156, "劲松", 10, 0);
    add_station(157, "潘家园", 10, 0);
    add_station(158, "十里河", 10, 1);
    add_station(159, "分钟寺", 10, 0);
    add_station(160, "成寿寺", 10, 0);
    add_station(161, "宋家庄", 10, 1);
    add_station(162, "石榴庄", 5, 0);
    add_station(163, "大红门", 10, 0);
    add_station(164, "角门东", 10, 0);
    add_station(165, "角门西", 10, 0);
    add_station(166, "草桥", 10, 0);
    add_station(167, "纪家庙", FS, 0);
    add_station(168, "首经贸", FS, 1);
    add_station(169, "丰台站", FS, 0);
    add_station(170, "泥洼", FS, 0);
    add_station(171, "西局", FS, 1);
    add_station(172, "六里桥", FS, 1);
    add_station(173, "莲花桥", FS, 0);
    add_station(174, "公主坟", FS, 1);
    add_station(175, "西钓鱼台", FS, 0);
    add_station(176, "慈寿寺", FS, 1);
    add_station(177, "车道沟", FS, 0);
    add_station(178, "长春桥", FS, 0);
    add_station(179, "火器营", 9, 1);
    add_station(180, "巴沟", 10, 0);
    add_station(181, "苏州街", 10, 0);
    add_station(182, "海淀五路居", 10, 0);
    add_station(183, "知春路", 10, 1);
    add_station(184, "知春里", 10, 0);
    add_station(185, "西土城", 10, 0);
    add_station(186, "牡丹园", 10, 0);
    add_station(187, "健德门", 10, 0);
    add_station(188, "北土城", 10, 0);
    add_station(189, "安贞门", 10, 0);
    

    //初始化站点间距离
    for (int i = 1; i <= N; i++) {
        for (int j = 1; j <= N; j++) {
            if (i == j) {
                dist[i][j] = 0;
            } else {
                dist[i][j] = INF;
            }
        }
    }
    //1号线
    dist[1][2] = dist[2][1] = 4;
    dist[2][3] = dist[3][2] = 4;
    //2号线
    dist[4][5] = dist[5][4] = 4;
    dist[5][6] = dist[6][5] = 4;
    //4号线
    dist[7][8] = dist[8][7] = 6;
    dist[8][9] = dist[9][8] = 6;
    //5号线
    dist[10][11] = dist[11][10] = 4;
    dist[11][12] = dist[12][11] = 4;
    //6号线
    dist[13][14] = dist[14][13] = 4;
    dist[14][15] = dist[15][14] = 4;
    //7号线
    dist[16][17] = dist[17][16] = 5;
    dist[17][18] = dist[18][17] = 5;
    //8号线
    dist[19][20] = dist[20][19] = 4;
    dist[20][21] = dist[21][20] = 4;
    //9号线
    dist[22][23] = dist[23][22] = 5;
    dist[23][24] = dist[24][23] = 5;
    //10号线
    dist[25][26] = dist[26][25] = 4;
    dist[26][27] = dist[27][26] = 4;
    //13号线
    dist[28][29] = dist[29][28] = 6;
    dist[29][30] = dist[30][29] = 6;
    //14号线东
    dist[31][32] = dist[32][31] = 5;
    dist[32][33] = dist[33][32] = 5;
    //14号线西
    dist[34][35] = dist[35][34] = 6;
    dist[35][36] = dist[36][35] = 6;
    //15号线
    dist[37][38] = dist[38][37] = 3;
    dist[38][39] = dist[39][38] = 3;
    //16号线
    dist[40][41] = dist[41][40] = 3;
    //八通线
    dist[42][43] = dist[43][42] = 3;
    dist[43][44] = dist[44][43] = 4;
    //昌平线
    dist[45][46] = dist[46][45] = 4;
    dist[46][47] = dist[47][46] = 4;
    //亦庄线
    dist[48][49] = dist[49][48] = 3;
    //房山线
    dist[50][51] = dist[51][50] = 3;
    dist[51][52] = dist[52][51] = 3;
    //机场线
    dist[53][54] = dist[54][53] = 13;
    //西郊线（只有一个站点）
    dist[55][55] = 10;
    //S2线
    dist[56][57] = dist[57][56] = 4;
    dist[57][58] = dist[58][57] = 4;
}

//BFS搜索最短路径，返回路径长度
int bfs(int start, int end) {
    queue<int> q;
    vector<bool> visited(N + 1, false);  //记录每个节点是否被访问过
    vector<int> distance(N + 1);         //记录每个节点距离起点的距离
    q.push(start);
    visited[start] = true;
    while (!q.empty()) {
        int cur = q.front();
        q.pop();
        for (int i = 1; i <= N; i++) {
            if (dist[cur][i] != INF && !visited[i]) {
                visited[i] = true;
                distance[i] = distance[cur] + 1;
                q.push(i);
            }
        }
    }
    return distance[end];
}

//输出从start到end的最短路径
void print_route(int start, int end) {
    priority_queue<pair<int,string>, vector<pair<int,string>>, greater<pair<int,string>>> q;  //小根堆，按照距离升序排列，如果距离相同，按照站点名称升序排列
    map<int, bool> added;  //记录已经添加到队列中的节点，防止重复添加
    vector<pair<int,string>> route;  //记录路径上的所有站点
    q.push({0,station_list[start].name});
    while (!q.empty()) {
        auto cur = q.top();
        q.pop();
        if (cur.second == station_list[end].name) {  //找到了终点，直接退出循环
            break;
        }
        int cur_id = 0;
        for (int i = 1; i <= N; i++) {
            if (station_list[i].name == cur.second) {
                cur_id = i;
                break;
            }
        }
        added[cur_id] = true;
        for (int i = 1; i <= N; i++) {
            if (dist[cur_id][i] != INF && !added[i]) {  //如果两个站点之间有直达的地铁线路，并且该站点没有被添加过
                q.push({cur.first + dist[cur_id][i], station_list[i].name});  //将该节点加入队列
                added[i] = true;
                route.push_back({i, station_list[i].name});  //记录该站点
            }
        }
    }
    cout << "从 " << station_list[start].name << " 到 " << station_list[end].name << " 的最短路线为：" << endl;
    int pre_line = -1;  //上一个站点所在的地铁线路
    for (auto p : route) {
        int cur_id = p.first;
        int cur_line = station_list[cur_id].line;
        if (pre_line != cur_line) {  //如果到达了新的地铁线路，输出该线路名称和颜色
            cout << endl << "  从" << line_color[cur_line] << "（";
            switch (cur_line) {
                case 1:
                    cout << "red）";
                    break;
                case 2:
                    cout << "dark green）";
                    break;
                case 4:
                    cout << "light blue）";
                    break;
                case 5:
                    cout << "yellow）";
                    break;
                case 6:
                    cout << "brown）";
                    break;
                case 7:
                    cout << "gray）";
                    break;
                case 8:
                    cout << "pink）";
                    break;
                case 9:
                    cout << "purple）";
                    break;
                case 10:
                    cout << "light green）";
                    break;
                case 13:
                    cout << "orange）";
                    break;
                case 14:
                    cout << "turquoise）";
                    break;
                case 15:
                    cout << "olive green）";
                    break;
                case 16:
                    cout << "maroon）";
                    break;
                case 21:
                    cout << "blue）";
                    break;
                default:
                    break;
            }
            cout << " 乘坐到 " << station_list[cur_id].name << " 站，步行 ";
            pre_line = cur_line;
        } else {
            cout << " -> ";
        }
        cout << dist[p.first][route.back().first] << " 米";
    }
    cout << endl << "共 " << bfs(start, end) << " 站，需要步行 " << route.back().first - route.front().first << " 米" << endl;
}

int main() {
    init_subway_map();
    print_route(1, 240);
    return 0;
}