添加 'doc/README.MD'

Reviewed-on: #2

.idea/.gitignore

@@ -5,4 +5,4 @@
 /httpRequests/
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doc/README.MD

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+# 数学题目生成器 (图形化界面版) 项目说明文档
+
+
+
+
+
+## 1. 项目概述
+
+
+
+该项目是一个功能完善的、拥有现代化图形用户界面（GUI）的桌面应用。它旨在为不同年级（小学、初中、高中）的学生提供一个集用户管理、题目练习、自动评分和历史存档于一体的综合性数学学习平台。用户可以通过友好的界面进行注册、登录、选择难度、进行交互式答题，并通过真实的电子邮件接收验证码，确保了账户的安全性。
+
+
+
+## 2. 项目功能
+
+
+
+
+
+### 2.1 用户管理
+
+
+
+- **用户注册**：提供邮箱和自定义用户名进行注册。系统会向用户提供的邮箱发送一封包含**真实6位验证码**的邮件，用户需凭此验证码完成注册。
+- **密码安全**：支持用户设置符合强度要求（6-10位，含大小写字母和数字）的密码，并在登录状态下安全地修改密码。
+- **双模式登录**：系统支持用户使用**邮箱**或**用户名**两种方式配合密码进行登录，更加便捷。
+
+
+
+### 2.2 题目与考试
+
+
+
+- **智能题目生成**：根据用户选择的年级，动态生成不同复杂度的题目。题目包含2-5个操作数，并能智能地添加有意义的单层或双重括号。
+- **交互式答题**：题目以选择题形式在界面中逐题展示，用户可通过鼠标点击进行选择。
+- **双向导航**：在答题过程中，用户可以使用“上一题”、“下一题”按钮在题目之间自由切换，检查并修改之前的答案。
+- **提前交卷**：用户可在答题未完成时选择提前交卷，系统会进行确认提醒，并根据已完成的题目计分。
+- **自动评分与存档**：答题结束后，系统会立即计算得分（百分制）并展示。同时，每一次生成的完整试卷（包含题目、选项、正确答案）都会自动保存到以该用户命名的专属文件夹中，便于后续复习。
+
+
+
+### 2.3 用户界面
+
+
+
+- **现代化图形界面**：基于 `Java Swing` 和 `FlatLaf` UI库构建，提供了一个美观、清爽、响应流畅的桌面应用体验。
+- **多视图切换**：拥有登录、注册、密码设置、主菜单、考试、分数等多个独立视图，流程清晰，操作直观。
+- **人性化交互**：答题界面提供实时进度条，导航按钮状态会根据当前题号自动更新，为用户提供清晰的操作指引。
+
+
+
+## 3. 系统架构
+
+
+
+项目采用业界标准的 **MVC (Model-View-Controller)** 设计模式，确保了代码的高度解耦、可维护性和可扩展性。
+
+
+
+### 3.1 模型 (Model)
+
+
+
+负责处理数据和业务逻辑，完全独立于界面。
+
+- **`model` 包**: 定义核心数据结构，如 `User`, `Question`。
+- **`service` 包**: 实现所有后台服务逻辑，如 `UserManager` (用户管理)、`ExamManager` (考试管理) 和 `EmailService` (邮件发送服务)。
+
+
+
+### 3.2 视图 (View)
+
+
+
+负责渲染用户界面，是用户直接交互的层面。
+
+- **`view` 包**: 包含了所有的UI界面类，如 `LoginView`, `ExamView`, `MainMenuView` 等。这些类只负责“显示”，不包含任何业务逻辑。
+
+
+
+### 3.3 控制器 (Controller)
+
+
+
+作为模型和视图之间的桥梁，调度整个应用程序。
+
+- **`controller` 包**: 核心类 `AppController` 在此包中。它接收视图层传来的用户操作，调用模型层处理，并根据结果更新视图层的显示。
+
+
+
+## 4. 代码详解
+
+
+
+### 4.1 题目生成规则
+
+所有生成器都经过重构，能够生成包含2-5个操作数及有意义括号的复杂表达式。
+
+#### 4.1.1 `PrimaryQuestionGenerator`
+
+为小学用户生成复杂的四则运算题目，智能地使用括号改变运算优先级。
+
+```
+((10 + 5) × 3) - 12
+```
+
+#### 4.1.2 `JuniorQuestionGenerator`
+
+在复杂表达式中，确保至少包含一个平方 (`^2`) 或开根号 (`√`) 运算。
+
+```
+(8 + √ (49)) × 3^2
+```
+
+#### 4.1.3 `SeniorQuestionGenerator`
+
+在复杂表达式中，确保至少包含一个三角函数 (`sin`, `cos`, `tan`)，并已修复 `tan(90°)` 的bug。
+
+```
+5 × (sin(30°) + 4)
+```
+
+
+
+### 4.2 题目格式与计分
+
+- 所有题目均为四选一的选择题。
+- 系统会智能判断正确答案是整数还是小数，并生成逻辑相符的干扰选项。
+- 计分方式为 `(答对题数 / 总题数) * 100`，结果四舍五入取整。
+
+## 5. 运行说明
+
+
+
+1. **启动程序** 运行 `Main.java` 类，启动图形化登录窗口。
+2. **用户注册/登录**
+   - 新用户点击“注册”，按照“输入邮箱/用户名 -> 发送验证邮件 -> 查收邮件验证码 -> 设置密码”的流程完成注册。
+   - 老用户可使用邮箱或用户名直接登录。
+3. **开始考试** 在主菜单选择题目难度和数量，点击“开始答题”进入考试界面。
+4. **答题过程** 通过“上一题”、“下一题”进行导航，随时可通过“交卷并评分”按钮结束考试。
+5. **查看分数** 交卷后，分数界面会显示本次得分和答题详情。用户可选择“再来一组”或“退出登录”。
+
+
+
+## 6. 代码结构
+
+
+
+```
+src/
+├── Main.java
+├── config.properties
+├── controller/
+│   └── AppController.java
+├── model/
+│   ├── Question.java
+│   ├── User.java
+│   └── UserType.java
+├── service/
+│   ├── EmailService.java
+│   ├── ExamManager.java
+│   ├── ExpressionEvaluator.java
+│   ├── UserManager.java
+│   ├── ValidationService.java
+│   └── generator/
+│       └── ... (5个题目生成器相关文件)
+└── view/
+    └── ... (8个界面视图相关文件)
+```
+
+
+
+## 7. 依赖与配置
+
+###  软件依赖 (JAR文件)
+
+本项目需要以下4个外部库文件，以下依赖库以添加至总项目lib文件夹中
+
+- **FlatLaf UI主题**: `flatlaf-3.4.1.jar`
+
+- **Jakarta Mail API**: `jakarta.mail-api-2.1.2.jar`
+
+- **Angus Mail (实现)**: `angus-mail-2.0.2.jar`
+
+- **Angus Activation (依赖)**: `angus-activation-2.0.2.jar`
+
+  
+
+### Windows 系统下运行步骤
+
+1. **配置 Java 22 编译环境**
+
+   确保系统已安装 Java 22 JDK 版本
+
+2. **设置控制台编码**
+
+   打开 cmd 命令行工具，使用以下指令执行 .jar 文件：
+
+   ```
+   java -jar .\MathExamApp.jar
+   ```
+
+   
+
+### Linux 系统下运行步骤
+
+1. **配置 Java 22 JDK 版本**
+
+   确保系统已安装 Java 22 JDK
+
+2. **运行程序**
+
+   使用以下指令执行程序：
+
+   java -jar MathExamApp.jar
+
+
+
+## 8. 注意事项
+
+
+
+1. **数据文件夹**：程序第一次成功注册用户或生成试卷后，会在程序运行的根目录下自动创建以下文件夹：
+   - `data/`：此文件夹包含 `users.txt` 文件，用于存储所有用户的账号和密码信息。
+   - `exams/`：此文件夹下会以每个用户的邮箱/用户名创建子文件夹，用于存放该用户所有历史试卷的 `.txt` 文件。
+2. **请勿删除**：上述两个文件夹是程序正常运行和数据持久化的关键。**请不要手动删除或修改这些文件夹及其中的内容**，否则将导致所有用户账号信息和历史试卷记录丢失，且无法恢复。

src/.idea/vcs.xml

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src/controller/AppController.java

@@ -0,0 +1,316 @@
+package controller;
+
+import model.*;
+import service.*;
+import view.*;
+
+import javax.swing.*;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Random;
+
+
+public class AppController {
+    // 模型和服务
+    private final UserManager userManager;
+    private final ExamManager examManager;
+    private final EmailService emailService;
+
+    // 视图
+    private final MainFrame mainFrame;
+    private final LoginView loginView;
+    private final RegisterView registerView;
+    private final PasswordSetView passwordSetView;
+    private final MainMenuView mainMenuView;
+    private final ExamView examView;
+    private final ScoreView scoreView;
+
+    // 应用状态
+    private User currentUser;
+    private String emailForRegistration;
+    private String usernameForRegistration;
+    private final Map<String, String> registrationCodes = new HashMap<>();
+    private List<Question> currentExam;
+    private int currentQuestionIndex;
+    private int score;
+    private int[] userAnswers; // 新增：用于存储用户每一题的答案
+
+    public AppController() {
+        this.mainFrame = new MainFrame();
+        this.userManager = new UserManager();
+        this.examManager = new ExamManager();
+        this.emailService = new EmailService();
+
+        this.loginView = new LoginView();
+        this.registerView = new RegisterView();
+        this.passwordSetView = new PasswordSetView();
+        this.mainMenuView = new MainMenuView();
+        this.examView = new ExamView();
+        this.scoreView = new ScoreView();
+
+        mainFrame.addPanel(loginView, "LOGIN");
+        mainFrame.addPanel(registerView, "REGISTER");
+        mainFrame.addPanel(passwordSetView, "PASSWORD_SET");
+        mainFrame.addPanel(mainMenuView, "MAIN_MENU");
+        mainFrame.addPanel(examView, "EXAM");
+        mainFrame.addPanel(scoreView, "SCORE");
+
+        attachListeners();
+        mainFrame.showPanel("LOGIN");
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 附加所有UI组件的事件监听器。
+     */
+    private void attachListeners() {
+        // --- 登录逻辑 ---
+        loginView.getLoginButton().addActionListener(e -> handleLogin());
+        loginView.getRegisterButton().addActionListener(e -> mainFrame.showPanel("REGISTER"));
+
+        // --- 注册逻辑 ---
+        registerView.getGetCodeButton().addActionListener(e -> handleGetCode());
+        registerView.getRegisterButton().addActionListener(e -> handleVerifyCode());
+        registerView.getBackButton().addActionListener(e -> mainFrame.showPanel("LOGIN"));
+
+        // --- 密码设置逻辑 ---
+        passwordSetView.getSubmitButton().addActionListener(e -> handleSetPassword());
+
+        // --- 主菜单逻辑 ---
+        mainMenuView.getStartExamButton().addActionListener(e -> handleStartExam());
+        mainMenuView.getChangePasswordButton().addActionListener(e -> handleChangePassword());
+        mainMenuView.getLogoutButton().addActionListener(e -> handleLogout());
+
+        // --- 考试逻辑 (已重构) ---
+        examView.getPrevButton().addActionListener(e -> handlePreviousQuestion());
+        examView.getNextButton().addActionListener(e -> handleNextQuestion());
+        examView.getFinishButton().addActionListener(e -> handleFinishExam());
+
+        // --- 分数界面逻辑 ---
+        scoreView.getContinueButton().addActionListener(e -> {
+            String welcomeName = currentUser.getUsername() != null && !currentUser.getUsername().isEmpty() ? currentUser.getUsername() : currentUser.getEmail();
+            mainMenuView.setWelcomeMessage("欢迎, " + welcomeName);
+            mainFrame.showPanel("MAIN_MENU");
+        });
+        scoreView.getExitButton().addActionListener(e -> handleLogout());
+    }
+
+    // --- 核心处理方法 ---
+
+    private void handleLogin() {
+        User user = userManager.authenticate(loginView.getIdentifier(), loginView.getPassword());
+        if (user != null) {
+            currentUser = user;
+            String welcomeName = user.getUsername() != null && !user.getUsername().isEmpty() ? user.getUsername() : user.getEmail();
+            mainMenuView.setWelcomeMessage("欢迎, " + welcomeName);
+            mainFrame.showPanel("MAIN_MENU");
+        } else {
+            JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(mainFrame, "邮箱/用户名或密码错误", "登录失败", JOptionPane.ERROR_MESSAGE);
+        }
+        loginView.clearFields();
+    }
+
+    private void handleGetCode() {
+        String email = registerView.getEmail();
+        String username = registerView.getUsername();
+
+        if (!ValidationService.isValidEmail(email)) {
+            JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(mainFrame, "请输入有效的邮箱格式！", "格式错误", JOptionPane.ERROR_MESSAGE);
+            return;
+        }
+        if (username.trim().isEmpty() || username.contains("|") || username.contains(" ")) {
+            JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(mainFrame, "用户名不能为空，且不能包含'|'或空格！", "格式错误", JOptionPane.ERROR_MESSAGE);
+            return;
+        }
+        if (userManager.emailExists(email)) {
+            JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(mainFrame, "该邮箱已被注册！", "注册失败", JOptionPane.ERROR_MESSAGE);
+            return;
+        }
+        if (userManager.usernameExists(username)) {
+            JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(mainFrame, "该用户名已被使用！", "注册失败", JOptionPane.ERROR_MESSAGE);
+            return;
+        }
+
+        emailForRegistration = email;
+        usernameForRegistration = username;
+        String code = String.format("%06d", new Random().nextInt(1000000));
+        registrationCodes.put(emailForRegistration, code);
+
+        final JButton getCodeButton = registerView.getGetCodeButton();
+        getCodeButton.setEnabled(false);
+        getCodeButton.setText("发送中...");
+
+        SwingWorker<Void, Void> worker = new SwingWorker<>() {
+            private Exception mailException = null;
+
+            @Override
+            protected Void doInBackground() {
+                try {
+                    emailService.sendVerificationCode(emailForRegistration, code);
+                } catch (Exception e) {
+                    this.mailException = e;
+                }
+                return null;
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            protected void done() {
+                getCodeButton.setEnabled(true);
+                getCodeButton.setText("发送验证邮件");
+
+                if (mailException == null) {
+                    JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(mainFrame, "一封包含验证码的【电子邮件】已发送至您的邮箱，请登录邮箱查收。", "发送成功", JOptionPane.INFORMATION_MESSAGE);
+                } else {
+                    String errorMessage = "邮件发送失败，请检查：\n1. 网络连接是否正常。\n2. config.properties 中的邮箱和授权码是否正确。\n\n错误详情: " + mailException.getMessage();
+                    JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(mainFrame, errorMessage, "发送失败", JOptionPane.ERROR_MESSAGE);
+                    mailException.printStackTrace();
+                }
+            }
+        };
+        worker.execute();
+    }
+
+    private void handleVerifyCode() {
+        String code = registerView.getCode();
+        if (code.equals(registrationCodes.get(emailForRegistration))) {
+            mainFrame.showPanel("PASSWORD_SET");
+        } else {
+            JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(mainFrame, "注册码错误！", "验证失败", JOptionPane.ERROR_MESSAGE);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void handleSetPassword() {
+        String pass1 = passwordSetView.getPassword();
+        String pass2 = passwordSetView.getConfirmPassword();
+
+        if (!pass1.equals(pass2)) {
+            JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(mainFrame, "两次输入的密码不一致！", "错误", JOptionPane.ERROR_MESSAGE);
+            return;
+        }
+        if (!ValidationService.isPasswordStrong(pass1)) {
+            JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(mainFrame, "密码必须为6-10位，且包含大小写字母和数字。", "密码格式错误", JOptionPane.ERROR_MESSAGE);
+            return;
+        }
+
+        userManager.registerUser(emailForRegistration, usernameForRegistration, pass1, UserType.PRIMARY);
+        JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(mainFrame, "注册成功！请返回登录。", "成功", JOptionPane.INFORMATION_MESSAGE);
+        mainFrame.showPanel("LOGIN");
+    }
+
+    private void handleStartExam() {
+        UserType type = mainMenuView.getSelectedType();
+        int count = mainMenuView.getQuestionCount();
+
+        if(currentUser.getUserType() != type) {
+            currentUser.setUserType(type);
+            userManager.updateUser(currentUser);
+        }
+
+        currentExam = examManager.generateExam(currentUser, type, count);
+        if (currentExam.size() < count) {
+            JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(mainFrame, "抱歉，未能生成足够数量的不重复题目，实际生成 " + currentExam.size() + " 道。", "提示", JOptionPane.WARNING_MESSAGE);
+        }
+        if (currentExam.isEmpty()) return;
+
+        currentQuestionIndex = 0;
+        score = 0;
+        userAnswers = new int[currentExam.size()];
+        Arrays.fill(userAnswers, -1); // -1 代表未作答
+
+        examView.setupForExam(currentExam.size());
+        displayCurrentQuestion();
+        mainFrame.showPanel("EXAM");
+    }
+
+    private void displayCurrentQuestion() {
+        Question q = currentExam.get(currentQuestionIndex);
+        int savedAnswer = userAnswers[currentQuestionIndex];
+        examView.displayQuestion(q, currentQuestionIndex + 1, currentExam.size(), savedAnswer);
+        examView.updateNavigationButtons(currentQuestionIndex, currentExam.size());
+    }
+
+    private void handlePreviousQuestion() {
+        saveCurrentAnswer();
+        if (currentQuestionIndex > 0) {
+            currentQuestionIndex--;
+            displayCurrentQuestion();
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void handleNextQuestion() {
+        saveCurrentAnswer();
+        if (currentQuestionIndex < currentExam.size() - 1) {
+            currentQuestionIndex++;
+            displayCurrentQuestion();
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void saveCurrentAnswer() {
+        int selectedIndex = examView.getSelectedIndex();
+        userAnswers[currentQuestionIndex] = selectedIndex;
+    }
+
+    private void handleFinishExam() {
+        saveCurrentAnswer();
+
+        int choice = JOptionPane.showConfirmDialog(mainFrame,
+                "您确定要交卷吗？\n未完成的题目将按 0 分计算。",
+                "确认交卷",
+                JOptionPane.YES_NO_OPTION);
+
+        if (choice == JOptionPane.YES_OPTION) {
+            calculateScore();
+            int finalScore = (int) Math.round((double) score / currentExam.size() * 100);
+            scoreView.setScore(finalScore, score, currentExam.size());
+            mainFrame.showPanel("SCORE");
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void calculateScore() {
+        score = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < currentExam.size(); i++) {
+            if (userAnswers[i] != -1 && userAnswers[i] == currentExam.get(i).getCorrectOptionIndex()) {
+                score++;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void handleChangePassword() {
+        ChangePasswordView dialog = new ChangePasswordView(mainFrame);
+
+        dialog.getConfirmButton().addActionListener(e -> {
+            String oldPass = dialog.getOldPassword();
+            String newPass = dialog.getNewPassword();
+            String confirmPass = dialog.getConfirmPassword();
+
+            if (userManager.authenticate(currentUser.getEmail(), oldPass) == null) {
+                JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(dialog, "原密码错误！", "验证失败", JOptionPane.ERROR_MESSAGE);
+                return;
+            }
+            if (!newPass.equals(confirmPass)) {
+                JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(dialog, "两次输入的新密码不一致！", "错误", JOptionPane.ERROR_MESSAGE);
+                return;
+            }
+            if (!ValidationService.isPasswordStrong(newPass)) {
+                JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(dialog, "新密码必须为6-10位，且包含大小写字母和数字。", "密码格式错误", JOptionPane.ERROR_MESSAGE);
+                return;
+            }
+
+            currentUser.setHashedPassword(newPass);
+            userManager.updateUser(currentUser);
+
+            JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(dialog, "密码修改成功！", "成功", JOptionPane.INFORMATION_MESSAGE);
+            dialog.dispose();
+        });
+
+        dialog.getCancelButton().addActionListener(e -> dialog.dispose());
+        dialog.setVisible(true);
+    }
+
+    private void handleLogout() {
+        currentUser = null;
+        loginView.clearFields();
+        mainFrame.showPanel("LOGIN");
+    }
+}

src/view/ChangePasswordView.java

@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+package view;
+
+import javax.swing.*;
+import java.awt.*;
+
+public class ChangePasswordView extends JDialog {
+    private final JPasswordField oldPasswordField = new JPasswordField(20);
+    private final JPasswordField newPasswordField = new JPasswordField(20);
+    private final JPasswordField confirmPasswordField = new JPasswordField(20);
+    private final JButton confirmButton = new JButton("确认修改");
+    private final JButton cancelButton = new JButton("取消");
+
+    public ChangePasswordView(Frame owner) {
+        super(owner, "修改密码", true);
+        setSize(450, 300);
+        setLocationRelativeTo(owner);
+        setLayout(new BorderLayout(10, 10));
+
+        JPanel fieldsPanel = new JPanel(new GridBagLayout());
+        fieldsPanel.setBorder(BorderFactory.createEmptyBorder(20, 20, 20, 20));
+        GridBagConstraints gbc = new GridBagConstraints();
+        gbc.insets = new Insets(5, 5, 5, 5);
+        gbc.fill = GridBagConstraints.HORIZONTAL;
+
+        JLabel hintLabel = new JLabel("新密码要求: 6-10位，且必须包含大小写字母和数字。");
+        hintLabel.setForeground(Color.GRAY);
+        gbc.gridx = 0; gbc.gridy = 0; gbc.gridwidth = 2; fieldsPanel.add(hintLabel, gbc);
+
+        gbc.gridwidth = 1;
+        gbc.gridx = 0; gbc.gridy = 1; fieldsPanel.add(new JLabel("原密码:"), gbc);
+        gbc.gridx = 1; gbc.gridy = 1; fieldsPanel.add(oldPasswordField, gbc);
+        gbc.gridx = 0; gbc.gridy = 2; fieldsPanel.add(new JLabel("新密码:"), gbc);
+        gbc.gridx = 1; gbc.gridy = 2; fieldsPanel.add(newPasswordField, gbc);
+        gbc.gridx = 0; gbc.gridy = 3; fieldsPanel.add(new JLabel("确认新密码:"), gbc);
+        gbc.gridx = 1; gbc.gridy = 3; fieldsPanel.add(confirmPasswordField, gbc);
+
+        JPanel buttonPanel = new JPanel(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.CENTER, 20, 0));
+        buttonPanel.add(confirmButton);
+        buttonPanel.add(cancelButton);
+
+        add(fieldsPanel, BorderLayout.CENTER);
+        add(buttonPanel, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
+    }
+
+    public String getOldPassword() { return new String(oldPasswordField.getPassword()); }
+    public String getNewPassword() { return new String(newPasswordField.getPassword()); }
+    public String getConfirmPassword() { return new String(confirmPasswordField.getPassword()); }
+    public JButton getConfirmButton() { return confirmButton; }
+    public JButton getCancelButton() { return cancelButton; }
+}

src/view/ExamView.java

@@ -0,0 +1,140 @@
+package view;
+
+import model.Question;
+import javax.swing.*;
+import javax.swing.border.EmptyBorder;
+import javax.swing.text.SimpleAttributeSet;
+import javax.swing.text.StyleConstants;
+import javax.swing.text.StyledDocument;
+import java.awt.*;
+import java.util.List;
+
+
+public class ExamView extends JPanel {
+    private final JLabel progressLabel = new JLabel(" ", SwingConstants.CENTER);
+    private final JProgressBar progressBar = new JProgressBar();
+    private final JTextPane questionPane = new JTextPane();
+    private final JRadioButton[] optionButtons = new JRadioButton[4];
+    private final ButtonGroup optionsGroup = new ButtonGroup();
+
+    private final JButton prevButton = new JButton("上一题");
+    private final JButton nextButton = new JButton("下一题");
+    private final JButton finishButton = new JButton("交卷并评分");
+
+    public ExamView() {
+        setLayout(new BorderLayout(20, 20));
+        setBorder(new EmptyBorder(20, 40, 40, 40));
+
+        // --- 顶部进度区域 ---
+        JPanel topPanel = new JPanel(new BorderLayout(0, 10));
+        progressLabel.setFont(new Font(Font.SANS_SERIF, Font.BOLD, 20));
+        topPanel.add(progressLabel, BorderLayout.NORTH);
+
+        progressBar.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(1, 15));
+        topPanel.add(progressBar, BorderLayout.CENTER);
+        add(topPanel, BorderLayout.NORTH);
+
+        // --- 中间题目区域 ---
+        questionPane.setFont(new Font(Font.SANS_SERIF, Font.BOLD, 36));
+        questionPane.setEditable(false);
+        questionPane.setFocusable(false);
+        questionPane.setOpaque(false);
+        StyledDocument doc = questionPane.getStyledDocument();
+        SimpleAttributeSet center = new SimpleAttributeSet();
+        StyleConstants.setAlignment(center, StyleConstants.ALIGN_CENTER);
+        doc.setParagraphAttributes(0, doc.getLength(), center, false);
+
+        JPanel questionWrapper = new JPanel(new BorderLayout());
+        questionWrapper.setOpaque(false);
+        questionWrapper.add(questionPane, BorderLayout.CENTER);
+        add(questionWrapper, BorderLayout.CENTER);
+
+        // --- 底部选项和导航 ---
+        JPanel southPanel = new JPanel(new BorderLayout(20, 30));
+
+        // --- 选项面板 ---
+        JPanel optionsPanel = new JPanel(new GridBagLayout());
+        optionsPanel.setOpaque(false);
+        GridBagConstraints gbcOpt = new GridBagConstraints();
+        gbcOpt.insets = new Insets(15, 80, 15, 80); // 调整选项的内外边距
+        gbcOpt.anchor = GridBagConstraints.WEST;
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
+            optionButtons[i] = new JRadioButton();
+            optionButtons[i].setFont(new Font(Font.SANS_SERIF, Font.PLAIN, 20));
+            optionButtons[i].setOpaque(false);
+            optionsGroup.add(optionButtons[i]);
+        }
+
+
+        gbcOpt.gridx = 0; gbcOpt.gridy = 0; optionsPanel.add(optionButtons[0], gbcOpt); // 位置 A
+        gbcOpt.gridx = 1; gbcOpt.gridy = 0; optionsPanel.add(optionButtons[1], gbcOpt); // 位置 B
+        gbcOpt.gridx = 0; gbcOpt.gridy = 1; optionsPanel.add(optionButtons[2], gbcOpt); // 位置 C
+        gbcOpt.gridx = 1; gbcOpt.gridy = 1; optionsPanel.add(optionButtons[3], gbcOpt); // 位置 D
+
+        JPanel optionsWrapper = new JPanel(new GridBagLayout());
+        optionsWrapper.setOpaque(false);
+        optionsWrapper.add(optionsPanel);
+        southPanel.add(optionsWrapper, BorderLayout.CENTER);
+
+        // --- 导航按钮面板 ---
+        JPanel navigationPanel = new JPanel(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.CENTER, 30, 0));
+        prevButton.setFont(new Font(Font.SANS_SERIF, Font.PLAIN, 16));
+        nextButton.setFont(new Font(Font.SANS_SERIF, Font.PLAIN, 16));
+        finishButton.setFont(new Font(Font.SANS_SERIF, Font.BOLD, 16));
+        finishButton.putClientProperty("JButton.buttonType", "roundRect");
+
+        navigationPanel.add(prevButton);
+        navigationPanel.add(finishButton);
+        navigationPanel.add(nextButton);
+        southPanel.add(navigationPanel, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
+
+        add(southPanel, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
+    }
+
+    public void displayQuestion(Question q, int qNum, int total, int savedAnswerIndex) {
+        progressLabel.setText(String.format("第 %d 题 / 共 %d 题", qNum, total));
+        progressBar.setValue(qNum);
+        questionPane.setText(q.getQuestionText());
+
+        StyledDocument doc = questionPane.getStyledDocument();
+        SimpleAttributeSet center = new SimpleAttributeSet();
+        StyleConstants.setAlignment(center, StyleConstants.ALIGN_CENTER);
+        doc.setParagraphAttributes(0, doc.getLength(), center, false);
+
+        optionsGroup.clearSelection();
+        List<String> options = q.getOptions();
+
+        char optionLabel = 'A';
+        for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
+            optionButtons[i].setText(optionLabel + ". " + options.get(i));
+            optionLabel++;
+        }
+
+        if (savedAnswerIndex != -1) {
+            optionButtons[savedAnswerIndex].setSelected(true);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void setupForExam(int totalQuestions) {
+        progressBar.setMinimum(1);
+        progressBar.setMaximum(totalQuestions);
+    }
+
+    public void updateNavigationButtons(int qIndex, int total) {
+        prevButton.setEnabled(qIndex > 0);
+        nextButton.setEnabled(qIndex < total - 1);
+        nextButton.setText(qIndex == total - 2 ? "最后一题" : "下一题");
+    }
+
+    public int getSelectedIndex() {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
+            if (optionButtons[i].isSelected()) { return i; }
+        }
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    public JButton getPrevButton() { return prevButton; }
+    public JButton getNextButton() { return nextButton; }
+    public JButton getFinishButton() { return finishButton; }
+}

src/view/LoginView.java

@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+package view;
+
+import javax.swing.*;
+import java.awt.*;
+
+public class LoginView extends JPanel {
+    private final JTextField identifierField = new JTextField(20);
+    private final JPasswordField passwordField = new JPasswordField(20);
+    private final JButton loginButton = new JButton("登 录");
+    private final JButton registerButton = new JButton("还没有账号？立即注册");
+
+    public LoginView() {
+        setLayout(new GridBagLayout());
+
+        JPanel formPanel = new JPanel(new GridBagLayout());
+        formPanel.setBorder(BorderFactory.createEmptyBorder(30, 40, 30, 40));
+        GridBagConstraints gbc = new GridBagConstraints();
+        gbc.insets = new Insets(10, 10, 10, 10);
+        gbc.fill = GridBagConstraints.HORIZONTAL;
+
+        JLabel titleLabel = new JLabel("欢迎回来", SwingConstants.CENTER);
+        titleLabel.setFont(new Font(Font.SANS_SERIF, Font.BOLD, 28));
+        gbc.gridx = 0; gbc.gridy = 0; gbc.gridwidth = 2;
+        formPanel.add(titleLabel, gbc);
+
+        gbc.gridwidth = 1;
+        gbc.gridx = 0; gbc.gridy = 1; addLabel(formPanel, "邮箱 / 用户名:", gbc);
+        gbc.gridx = 1; gbc.gridy = 1; addComponent(formPanel, identifierField, gbc);
+
+        gbc.gridx = 0; gbc.gridy = 2; addLabel(formPanel, "密码:", gbc);
+        gbc.gridx = 1; gbc.gridy = 2; addComponent(formPanel, passwordField, gbc);
+
+        gbc.gridx = 0; gbc.gridy = 3; gbc.gridwidth = 2;
+        loginButton.setFont(new Font(Font.SANS_SERIF, Font.BOLD, 16));
+        addComponent(formPanel, loginButton, gbc);
+
+        gbc.gridy = 4;
+
+        registerButton.putClientProperty("FlatLaf.style", "buttonType: borderless");
+        addComponent(formPanel, registerButton, gbc);
+
+        add(formPanel);
+    }
+
+    private void addLabel(JPanel panel, String text, GridBagConstraints gbc) {
+        JLabel label = new JLabel(text);
+        label.setFont(new Font(Font.SANS_SERIF, Font.PLAIN, 16));
+        panel.add(label, gbc);
+    }
+
+    private void addComponent(JPanel panel, JComponent comp, GridBagConstraints gbc) {
+        comp.setFont(new Font(Font.SANS_SERIF, Font.PLAIN, 16));
+        panel.add(comp, gbc);
+    }
+
+    public String getIdentifier() { return identifierField.getText().trim(); }
+    public String getPassword() { return new String(passwordField.getPassword()); }
+    public JButton getLoginButton() { return loginButton; }
+    public JButton getRegisterButton() { return registerButton; }
+    public void clearFields() {
+        identifierField.setText("");
+        passwordField.setText("");
+    }
+}

src/view/MainFrame.java

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+package view;
+
+import javax.swing.*;
+import java.awt.*;
+
+public class MainFrame extends JFrame {
+    private final CardLayout cardLayout = new CardLayout();
+    private final JPanel mainPanel = new JPanel(cardLayout);
+
+    public MainFrame() {
+        super("数学学习软件");
+        setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
+        setSize(800, 600);
+        setLocationRelativeTo(null);
+        setResizable(false);
+        add(mainPanel);
+    }
+
+    public void addPanel(JPanel panel, String name) {
+        mainPanel.add(panel, name);
+    }
+
+    public void showPanel(String name) {
+        cardLayout.show(mainPanel, name);
+        setVisible(true);
+    }
+}

src/view/MainMenuView.java

@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+package view;
+
+import model.UserType;
+import javax.swing.*;
+import java.awt.*;
+
+public class MainMenuView extends JPanel {
+    private final JLabel welcomeLabel = new JLabel("", SwingConstants.CENTER);
+    private final JComboBox<String> typeComboBox = new JComboBox<>();
+    private final JSpinner countSpinner = new JSpinner(new SpinnerNumberModel(10, 10, 30, 1));
+    private final JButton startExamButton = new JButton("开始答题");
+    private final JButton changePasswordButton = new JButton("修改密码");
+    private final JButton logoutButton = new JButton("退出登录");
+
+    public MainMenuView() {
+        setLayout(new BorderLayout(20, 20));
+        setBorder(BorderFactory.createEmptyBorder(40, 40, 40, 40));
+
+        welcomeLabel.setFont(new Font(Font.SANS_SERIF, Font.BOLD, 28));
+        add(welcomeLabel, BorderLayout.NORTH);
+
+        JPanel centerPanel = new JPanel(new GridBagLayout());
+        GridBagConstraints gbc = new GridBagConstraints();
+        gbc.insets = new Insets(15, 10, 15, 10);
+
+        gbc.gridx = 0; gbc.gridy = 0; addLabel(centerPanel, "选择题目难度:", gbc);
+        gbc.gridx = 1; gbc.gridy = 0; addComponent(centerPanel, typeComboBox, gbc);
+
+        gbc.gridx = 0; gbc.gridy = 1; addLabel(centerPanel, "选择题目数量:", gbc);
+        gbc.gridx = 1; gbc.gridy = 1; addComponent(centerPanel, countSpinner, gbc);
+
+        startExamButton.setFont(new Font(Font.SANS_SERIF, Font.BOLD, 20));
+
+        startExamButton.putClientProperty("JButton.buttonType", "roundRect");
+        gbc.gridy = 2; gbc.gridwidth = 2; gbc.insets = new Insets(30, 10, 15, 10);
+        addComponent(centerPanel, startExamButton, gbc);
+        add(centerPanel, BorderLayout.CENTER);
+
+        JPanel southPanel = new JPanel(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.RIGHT, 20, 0));
+        southPanel.add(changePasswordButton);
+        southPanel.add(logoutButton);
+        add(southPanel, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
+
+        for (UserType type : UserType.values()) {
+            typeComboBox.addItem(type.getDisplayName());
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void addLabel(JPanel panel, String text, GridBagConstraints gbc) {
+        JLabel label = new JLabel(text);
+        label.setFont(new Font(Font.SANS_SERIF, Font.PLAIN, 16));
+        panel.add(label, gbc);
+    }
+
+    private void addComponent(JPanel panel, JComponent comp, GridBagConstraints gbc) {
+        comp.setFont(new Font(Font.SANS_SERIF, Font.PLAIN, 16));
+        panel.add(comp, gbc);
+    }
+
+    public void setWelcomeMessage(String message) { welcomeLabel.setText(message); }
+    public UserType getSelectedType() {
+        String displayName = (String) typeComboBox.getSelectedItem();
+        for (UserType type : UserType.values()) {
+            if (type.getDisplayName().equals(displayName)) return type;
+        }
+        return UserType.PRIMARY;
+    }
+    public int getQuestionCount() { return (int) countSpinner.getValue(); }
+    public JButton getStartExamButton() { return startExamButton; }
+    public JButton getChangePasswordButton() { return changePasswordButton; }
+    public JButton getLogoutButton() { return logoutButton; }
+}

src/view/PasswordSetView.java

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+package view;
+
+import javax.swing.*;
+import java.awt.*;
+
+public class PasswordSetView extends JPanel {
+    private final JPasswordField passwordField = new JPasswordField(20);
+    private final JPasswordField confirmPasswordField = new JPasswordField(20);
+    private final JButton submitButton = new JButton("完成注册");
+
+    public PasswordSetView() {
+        setLayout(new GridBagLayout());
+        JPanel formPanel = new JPanel(new GridBagLayout());
+        formPanel.setBorder(BorderFactory.createEmptyBorder(30, 40, 30, 40));
+        GridBagConstraints gbc = new GridBagConstraints();
+        gbc.insets = new Insets(10, 10, 10, 10);
+        gbc.fill = GridBagConstraints.HORIZONTAL;
+
+        JLabel titleLabel = new JLabel("设置您的密码", SwingConstants.CENTER);
+        titleLabel.setFont(new Font(Font.SANS_SERIF, Font.BOLD, 28));
+        gbc.gridx = 0; gbc.gridy = 0; gbc.gridwidth = 2; formPanel.add(titleLabel, gbc);
+
+        JLabel hintLabel = new JLabel("密码要求: 6-10位，且必须包含大小写字母和数字。", SwingConstants.CENTER);
+        hintLabel.setForeground(Color.GRAY);
+        gbc.gridy = 1; formPanel.add(hintLabel, gbc);
+
+        gbc.gridwidth = 1;
+        gbc.gridx = 0; gbc.gridy = 2; addLabel(formPanel, "输入密码:", gbc);
+        gbc.gridx = 1; gbc.gridy = 2; addComponent(formPanel, passwordField, gbc);
+
+        gbc.gridx = 0; gbc.gridy = 3; addLabel(formPanel, "确认密码:", gbc);
+        gbc.gridx = 1; gbc.gridy = 3; addComponent(formPanel, confirmPasswordField, gbc);
+
+        gbc.gridx = 0; gbc.gridy = 4; gbc.gridwidth = 2; gbc.insets = new Insets(20, 10, 10, 10);
+        submitButton.setFont(new Font(Font.SANS_SERIF, Font.BOLD, 16));
+        addComponent(formPanel, submitButton, gbc);
+
+        add(formPanel);
+    }
+
+    private void addLabel(JPanel panel, String text, GridBagConstraints gbc) {
+        JLabel label = new JLabel(text);
+        label.setFont(new Font(Font.SANS_SERIF, Font.PLAIN, 16));
+        panel.add(label, gbc);
+    }
+    private void addComponent(JPanel panel, JComponent comp, GridBagConstraints gbc) {
+        comp.setFont(new Font(Font.SANS_SERIF, Font.PLAIN, 16));
+        panel.add(comp, gbc);
+    }
+
+    public String getPassword() { return new String(passwordField.getPassword()); }
+    public String getConfirmPassword() { return new String(confirmPasswordField.getPassword()); }
+    public JButton getSubmitButton() { return submitButton; }
+}

src/view/RegisterView.java

@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+package view;
+
+import javax.swing.*;
+import java.awt.*;
+
+public class RegisterView extends JPanel {
+    private final JTextField emailField = new JTextField(20);
+    private final JTextField usernameField = new JTextField(20);
+    private final JTextField codeField = new JTextField(10);
+    private final JButton getCodeButton = new JButton("发送验证邮件");
+    private final JButton registerButton = new JButton("下一步：设置密码");
+    private final JButton backButton = new JButton("返回登录");
+
+    public RegisterView() {
+        setLayout(new GridBagLayout());
+        JPanel formPanel = new JPanel(new GridBagLayout());
+        formPanel.setBorder(BorderFactory.createEmptyBorder(30, 40, 30, 40));
+
+        GridBagConstraints gbc = new GridBagConstraints();
+        gbc.insets = new Insets(10, 10, 10, 10);
+        gbc.fill = GridBagConstraints.HORIZONTAL;
+
+        JLabel titleLabel = new JLabel("创建您的账号", SwingConstants.CENTER);
+        titleLabel.setFont(new Font(Font.SANS_SERIF, Font.BOLD, 28));
+        gbc.gridx = 0; gbc.gridy = 0; gbc.gridwidth = 2; formPanel.add(titleLabel, gbc);
+
+        gbc.gridwidth = 1;
+        gbc.gridx = 0; gbc.gridy = 1; addLabel(formPanel, "邮箱地址:", gbc);
+        gbc.gridx = 1; gbc.gridy = 1; addComponent(formPanel, emailField, gbc);
+
+        gbc.gridx = 0; gbc.gridy = 2; addLabel(formPanel, "设置用户名:", gbc);
+        gbc.gridx = 1; gbc.gridy = 2; addComponent(formPanel, usernameField, gbc);
+
+        JPanel codePanel = new JPanel(new BorderLayout(10, 0));
+        addComponent(codePanel, codeField, BorderLayout.CENTER);
+        codePanel.add(getCodeButton, BorderLayout.EAST);
+
+        gbc.gridx = 0; gbc.gridy = 3; addLabel(formPanel, "邮箱验证码:", gbc);
+        gbc.gridx = 1; gbc.gridy = 3; formPanel.add(codePanel, gbc);
+
+        JPanel buttonPanel = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1, 2, 10, 0));
+        registerButton.setFont(new Font(Font.SANS_SERIF, Font.BOLD, 16));
+        backButton.putClientProperty("FlatLaf.style", "buttonType: borderless");
+        buttonPanel.add(registerButton);
+        buttonPanel.add(backButton);
+        gbc.gridx = 0; gbc.gridy = 4; gbc.gridwidth = 2; gbc.insets = new Insets(20, 10, 10, 10);
+        formPanel.add(buttonPanel, gbc);
+
+        add(formPanel);
+    }
+
+    private void addLabel(JPanel p, String s, GridBagConstraints g) {
+        JLabel label = new JLabel(s);
+        label.setFont(new Font(Font.SANS_SERIF, Font.PLAIN, 16));
+        p.add(label, g);
+    }
+    private void addComponent(JPanel p, JComponent c, GridBagConstraints g) {
+        c.setFont(new Font(Font.SANS_SERIF, Font.PLAIN, 16));
+        p.add(c, g);
+    }
+    private void addComponent(JPanel p, JComponent c, String pos) {
+        c.setFont(new Font(Font.SANS_SERIF, Font.PLAIN, 16));
+        p.add(c, pos);
+    }
+
+    public String getEmail() { return emailField.getText().trim(); }
+    public String getUsername() { return usernameField.getText().trim(); }
+    public String getCode() { return codeField.getText().trim(); }
+    public JButton getGetCodeButton() { return getCodeButton; }
+    public JButton getRegisterButton() { return registerButton; }
+    public JButton getBackButton() { return backButton; }
+}

src/view/ScoreView.java

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+package view;
+
+import javax.swing.*;
+import javax.swing.border.EmptyBorder;
+import java.awt.*;
+
+public class ScoreView extends JPanel {
+    private final JLabel scoreLabel = new JLabel("0", SwingConstants.CENTER);
+    private final JLabel scoreUnitLabel = new JLabel("分", SwingConstants.CENTER);
+    private final JLabel detailLabel = new JLabel(" ", SwingConstants.CENTER);
+    private final JButton continueButton = new JButton("再来一组");
+    private final JButton exitButton = new JButton("退出登录");
+
+    public ScoreView() {
+        setLayout(new GridBagLayout());
+        GridBagConstraints gbc = new GridBagConstraints();
+        gbc.gridwidth = GridBagConstraints.REMAINDER;
+        gbc.insets = new Insets(10, 10, 10, 10);
+
+        JLabel titleLabel = new JLabel("答题结束！", SwingConstants.CENTER);
+        titleLabel.setFont(new Font(Font.SANS_SERIF, Font.BOLD, 32));
+        add(titleLabel, gbc);
+
+        JPanel scorePanel = new JPanel();
+        scoreLabel.setFont(new Font(Font.SANS_SERIF, Font.BOLD, 100));
+        scoreUnitLabel.setFont(new Font(Font.SANS_SERIF, Font.BOLD, 30));
+        scoreUnitLabel.setBorder(new EmptyBorder(0,0, -50, 0));
+        scorePanel.add(scoreLabel);
+        scorePanel.add(scoreUnitLabel);
+        add(scorePanel, gbc);
+
+        detailLabel.setFont(new Font(Font.SANS_SERIF, Font.PLAIN, 20));
+        add(detailLabel, gbc);
+
+        JPanel buttonPanel = new JPanel(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.CENTER, 20, 0));
+        continueButton.setFont(new Font(Font.SANS_SERIF, Font.BOLD, 16));
+        // 【修复】将 "=" 修改为 ":"
+        continueButton.putClientProperty("JButton.buttonType", "roundRect");
+        buttonPanel.add(continueButton);
+        buttonPanel.add(exitButton);
+        gbc.insets = new Insets(30, 10, 10, 10);
+        add(buttonPanel, gbc);
+    }
+
+    public void setScore(int score, int correct, int total) {
+        scoreLabel.setText(String.valueOf(score));
+        detailLabel.setText(String.format("答对 %d 题，共 %d 题", correct, total));
+    }
+
+    public JButton getContinueButton() { return continueButton; }
+    public JButton getExitButton() { return exitButton; }
+}