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import requests
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from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
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import re
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import time
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import random
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import jieba # 结巴分词 pip install jieba
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import wordcloud # 词云图 pip install wordcloud
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import imageio # 读取本地图片 修改词云图形
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import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
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headers = {'user-agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/128.0.0.0 Safari/537.36 Edg/128.0.0.0' }
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# 获取搜索结果页面的内容
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def get_search_page(search_url):
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response = requests.get(search_url, headers=headers)
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response.raise_for_status() # 确保请求成功
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return response.text
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# 提取页面中所有视频的链接
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def extract_video_links(page_content):
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soup = BeautifulSoup(page_content, 'html.parser')
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video_links = []
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# 选择器根据实际网页结构可能需要调整
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for a_tag in soup.select(".video-list.row div.bili-video-card > div > a"):
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link = a_tag.get('href')
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video_links.append(link)
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return video_links
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# 提取视频的BV号
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def extract__BV(video_url):
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video_id_match = re.search(r'/video/([^/]+)', video_url)
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if video_id_match:
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return video_id_match.group(1)
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return None
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def get_cid_from_bv(bv_id):
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# 视频详情 API 地址
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video_url = f'https://api.bilibili.com/x/web-interface/view?bvid={bv_id}'
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# 发送请求
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response = requests.get(video_url, headers=headers)
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response.raise_for_status()
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data = response.json()
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# 提取 cid
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if data.get('code') == 0:
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cid = data.get('data', {}).get('cid')
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return cid
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else:
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return None
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def get_danmu(id):
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video_url = f'https://api.bilibili.com/x/v1/dm/list.so?oid={id}'
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response = requests.get(video_url, headers=headers) #要爬取的网址
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response.encoding='utf-8' #编码方式
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html = response.text
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soup = BeautifulSoup(html) #使用beautifulsoup库快速查找我们想要的信息
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all_txt = soup.findAll("d") #寻找到所有包含d的行
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txt=[all_txts.attrs ["p"]for all_txts in all_txt] #寻找到所有包含d的行中属性为p的值，这里边包含了弹幕的虚拟id等
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txtss=[all_txts.string for all_txts in all_txt] #寻找到所有包含d的行中的字符串数据，即弹幕内容
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txtsss=[txts.replace(' ','') for txts in txtss] #将字符串中的空格消除掉
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return(txtsss) ###打印便可看见一条条弹幕的属性和内容了。
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def page(url,num):
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num=num+1
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url=f'https://search.bilibili.com/video?keyword=2024巴黎奥运会&page={num}'
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return url
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# 主函数
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def main(search_url):
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page_content = get_search_page(search_url)
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video_links = extract_video_links(page_content)
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bvs = []
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for link in video_links:
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bv = extract__BV(link)
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if bv:
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bvs.append(bv)
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cids = []
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for bv in bvs:
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cid = get_cid_from_bv(bv)
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cids.append(cid)
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return(cids)
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# 示例搜索页 URL（需要替换为实际的搜索页 URL）
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search_url = 'https://search.bilibili.com/video?keyword=2024巴黎奥运会'
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alltxt=[]
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for i in range(10):
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aa = main(page(search_url,i))
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for id in aa:
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txt = get_danmu(id)
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alltxt=alltxt + txt
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time.sleep(random.randint(0,3)+random.random())
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danmustr=''.join(i for i in alltxt) #将所有弹幕拼接在一起
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words=list(jieba.cut(danmustr)) ###利用jieba库将弹幕按词进行切分
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words=[i for i in words if len(i)>1] ###挑出长度大于1的词语（为去除诸如？，哈，啊等字符）
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wc=wordcloud.WordCloud(height=1000,width=1000,font_path='simsun.ttc')#利用wordcloud库定义词云图片的信息
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wc.generate(' '.join(words)) ##生成图片
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print(wc)
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plt.imshow(wc)
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plt.show()
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