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import requests
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from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
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import re
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import time
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import random
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import jieba
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import wordcloud
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import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
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import pandas as pd
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from pandas import ExcelWriter
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from collections import Counter
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headers = {
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'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/127.0.0.0 Safari/537.36 Edg/127.0.0.0',
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}
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keywords = [
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'AI', '人工智能', '机器学习', '深度学习', '神经网络', '自动',
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'算法', '数据科学', '自然语言', '计算机', '人工智能技术',
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'大数据', '预测分析', '机器视觉',
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'智能', '计算机', '人工智能应用',
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'数据分析', '情感计算', 'ai']
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videosnumber = 0
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# 获取搜索结果页面的内容
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def get_search_page(search_url):
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response = requests.get(search_url, headers=headers)
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response.raise_for_status() # 确保请求成功
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return response.text
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# 提取页面中所有视频的链接
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def extract_video_links(page_content):
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soup = BeautifulSoup(page_content, 'html.parser')
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video_links = []
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for a_tag in soup.select(".video-list.row div.bili-video-card > div > a"):
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link = a_tag.get('href')
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video_links.append(link)
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return video_links
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# 提取视频的BV号
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def extract__BV(video_urls):
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links=[]
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for video_url in video_urls:
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video_id_match = re.search(r'/video/([^/]+)', video_url)
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if video_id_match:
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links.append(video_id_match.group(1))
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return links
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# 将视频BV号转为CID
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def get_cid_from_bv(bv_ids):
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cids=[]
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for bv_id in bv_ids:
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# 视频详情 API 地址
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video_url = f'https://api.bilibili.com/x/web-interface/view?bvid={bv_id}'
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# 发送请求
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response = requests.get(video_url, headers=headers)
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response.raise_for_status()
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data = response.json()
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# 提取 cid
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if data.get('code') == 0:
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cid = data.get('data', {}).get('cid')
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cids.append(cid)
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return cids
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#获取弹幕
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def get_danmu(id):
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global videosnumber
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video_url = f'https://api.bilibili.com/x/v1/dm/list.so?oid={id}'
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response = requests.get(video_url, headers=headers) #要爬取的网址
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response.encoding='utf-8' #编码方式
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html = response.text
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soup = BeautifulSoup(html) #使用beautifulsoup库快速查找我们想要的信息
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all_txt = soup.findAll("d") #寻找到所有包含d的行
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txt=[all_txts.attrs ["p"]for all_txts in all_txt] #寻找到所有包含d的行中属性为p的值，这里边包含了弹幕的虚拟id等
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txtss=[all_txts.string for all_txts in all_txt] #寻找到所有包含d的行中的字符串数据，即弹幕内容
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txtsss=[txts.replace(' ','') for txts in txtss] #将字符串中的空格消除掉
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videosnumber = videosnumber +1
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bulletnumber = len(txtsss)
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print( f"这是第{videosnumber}视频, 获取到{bulletnumber}弹幕")
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time.sleep(random.randint(0,2)+random.random())
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return(txtsss) ###打印便可看见一条条弹幕的属性和内容了。
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#翻页
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def page(url,num):
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num=num+1
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url=f'https://search.bilibili.com/video?keyword=2024巴黎奥运会&page={num}'
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return url
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#处理弹幕
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def wcloud(alltxt):
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danmustr=''.join(i for i in alltxt) #将所有弹幕拼接在一起
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words=list(jieba.cut(danmustr)) ###利用jieba库将弹幕按词进行切分
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words=[i for i in words if len(i)>1] ###挑出长度大于1的词语（为去除诸如？，哈，啊等字符）
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wc=wordcloud.WordCloud(height=1000,width=1000,font_path='simsun.ttc')#利用wordcloud库定义词云图片的信息
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wc.generate(' '.join(words)) ##生成图片
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print(wc)
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plt.imshow(wc)
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plt.show()
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def sort(txt, keywords):
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comment_counter = Counter()
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for line in txt:
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if any(word in keywords for word in jieba.cut(line)):
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comment_counter[line] += 1
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return comment_counter
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#存入excel
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def save_to_excel(danmu_data, filename='danmu_data.xlsx'):
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# 创建 DataFrame
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df = pd.DataFrame(danmu_data, columns=['弹幕'])
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# 保存到 Excel
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with ExcelWriter(filename, engine='openpyxl') as writer:
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df.to_excel(writer, index=False)
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# 主函数
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def main(kword,mubiao):
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search_url= f'https://search.bilibili.com/video?keyword={kword}'
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for i in range(100):
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search_url=page(search_url,i)
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page_content = get_search_page(search_url)
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video_links = extract_video_links(page_content)
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bvs = extract__BV(video_links)
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alltxt=[]
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cids = []
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cids = get_cid_from_bv(bvs)
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for id in cids:
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if(videosnumber>=mubiao): break
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txt = get_danmu(id)
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alltxt=alltxt + txt
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if(videosnumber>=mubiao): break
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return(alltxt)
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# 示例搜索页 URL（需要替换为实际的搜索页 URL）
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keword = "2024巴黎奥运会" #视频关键词
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flag = 10 #你要爬的视频数量
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alltxt=main(keword,flag)
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wcloud(alltxt)
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save_to_excel(alltxt)
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comment_counter = sort(alltxt, keywords)
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top_comments = comment_counter.most_common(8)
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# 输出排名前8的AI相关弹幕
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for comment, count in top_comments:
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print(f'弹幕: {comment}, 数量: {count}') |
