代码

exam_system.py

@@ -0,0 +1,204 @@
+# Python基础知识点考试系统
+# 功能：题库查看、随机抽题考试、成绩统计与错题分析
+# 覆盖知识点：函数、循环、条件判断、列表/字典、文件操作、异常处理
+
+import random
+import time
+
+# 初始化题库（使用列表嵌套字典存储，键：题目、选项、正确答案、知识点）
+question_bank = [
+    {
+        "question": "Python中定义函数的关键字是？",
+        "options": ["A. func", "B. def", "C. function", "D. define"],
+        "answer": "B",
+        "knowledge": "函数定义"
+    },
+    {
+        "question": "以下哪个不是Python的基本数据类型？",
+        "options": ["A. int", "B. str", "C. list", "D. array"],
+        "answer": "D",
+        "knowledge": "数据类型"
+    },
+    {
+        "question": "执行print(10 % 3)的结果是？",
+        "options": ["A. 3", "B. 1", "C. 0", "D. 3.33"],
+        "answer": "B",
+        "knowledge": "算术运算符"
+    },
+    {
+        "question": "Python中循环语句不包含以下哪个？",
+        "options": ["A. for", "B. while", "C. do...while", "D. 以上都不是"],
+        "answer": "C",
+        "knowledge": "循环结构"
+    },
+    {
+        "question": "字典的键值对使用什么符号分隔？",
+        "options": ["A. 逗号", "B. 冒号", "C. 等号", "D. 分号"],
+        "answer": "B",
+        "knowledge": "字典类型"
+    },
+    {
+        "question": "if语句后的条件表达式结尾需要加什么符号？",
+        "options": ["A. 分号", "B. 冒号", "C. 逗号", "D. 不需要"],
+        "answer": "B",
+        "knowledge": "条件判断"
+    },
+    {
+        "question": "列表的索引从几开始？",
+        "options": ["A. 0", "B. 1", "C. -1", "D. 任意"],
+        "answer": "A",
+        "knowledge": "列表操作"
+    },
+    {
+        "question": "打开文件的函数是？",
+        "options": ["A. open()", "B. read()", "C. file()", "D. write()"],
+        "answer": "A",
+        "knowledge": "文件操作"
+    }
+]
+
+
+def show_menu():
+    """显示系统主菜单"""
+    print("\n===== Python基础知识点考试系统 =====")
+    print("1. 查看题库")
+    print("2. 开始考试")
+    print("3. 退出系统")
+    print("====================================")
+
+
+def view_question_bank():
+    """查看完整题库功能"""
+    print("\n===== Python基础题库 =====")
+    for idx, question in enumerate(question_bank, 1):
+        print(f"\n{idx}. {question['question']}")
+        print("   选项：", " | ".join(question['options']))
+        print(f"   正确答案：{question['answer']}")
+        print(f"   知识点：{question['knowledge']}")
+    input("\n按回车键返回主菜单...")
+
+
+def start_exam():
+    """开始考试核心功能：随机抽题、限时答题、实时判分"""
+    # 1. 设置考试参数
+    exam_time = 5  # 每题答题时间（秒），可调整
+    question_num = 5  # 抽取题目数量，可调整
+
+    # 2. 随机抽取题目（避免重复）
+    if question_num > len(question_bank):
+        print(f"题库仅有{len(question_bank)}题，自动调整为全部题目考试")
+        question_num = len(question_bank)
+    selected_questions = random.sample(question_bank, question_num)
+
+    # 3. 初始化考试数据
+    score = 0  # 总分
+    wrong_questions = []  # 存储错题
+    total_points = question_num * 20  # 总分100分，每题20分
+
+    print(f"\n===== 考试开始 =====\n本次考试共{question_num}题，每题{exam_time}秒答题时间，总分{total_points}分")
+    print("请输入选项（A/B/C/D），输入错误将直接判定为答错！")
+
+    # 4. 逐题答题
+    for idx, q in enumerate(selected_questions, 1):
+        print(f"\n第{idx}题（{exam_time}秒）：{q['question']}")
+        print("   选项：", " | ".join(q['options']))
+
+        # 限时答题
+        try:
+            start_time = time.time()
+            user_answer = input("请输入你的答案：").strip().upper()
+            used_time = time.time() - start_time
+
+            if used_time > exam_time:
+                print(f"答题超时（用时{used_time:.1f}秒），本题不得分！")
+                wrong_questions.append({
+                    "question": q['question'],
+                    "user_answer": "超时未答",
+                    "correct_answer": q['answer']
+                })
+                continue
+
+            # 判分
+            if user_answer == q['answer']:
+                print("回答正确！")
+                score += 20
+            else:
+                print(f"回答错误！正确答案是：{q['answer']}")
+                wrong_questions.append({
+                    "question": q['question'],
+                    "user_answer": user_answer,
+                    "correct_answer": q['answer']
+                })
+        except:
+            print("输入异常，本题判定为答错！")
+            wrong_questions.append({
+                "question": q['question'],
+                "user_answer": "输入异常",
+                "correct_answer": q['answer']
+            })
+
+    # 5. 成绩统计与展示
+    show_score(score, total_points, wrong_questions)
+
+    # 6. 保存成绩到文件
+    save_score(score, total_points, wrong_questions)
+
+
+def show_score(score, total_points, wrong_questions):
+    """成绩统计与错题展示功能"""
+    print("\n===== 考试结束 ======")
+    print(f"你的最终得分：{score}分（总分{total_points}分）")
+    accuracy = (score / total_points) * 100 if total_points > 0 else 0
+    print(f"答题正确率：{accuracy:.1f}%")
+
+    # 展示错题
+    if wrong_questions:
+        print(f"\n===== 错题分析（共{len(wrong_questions)}题）=====")
+        for idx, wq in enumerate(wrong_questions, 1):
+            print(f"\n{idx}. 题目：{wq['question']}")
+            print(f"   你的答案：{wq['user_answer']}")
+            print(f"   正确答案：{wq['correct_answer']}")
+    else:
+        print("\n恭喜！你全部答对了！")
+    input("\n按回车键返回主菜单...")
+
+
+def save_score(score, total_points, wrong_questions):
+    """将考试成绩保存到文件（文件操作）"""
+    try:
+        with open("exam_result.txt", "a", encoding="utf-8") as f:
+            f.write(f"\n===== 考试成绩记录 =====\n")
+            f.write(f"考试时间：{time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')}\n")
+            f.write(f"得分：{score}分（总分{total_points}分）\n")
+            f.write(f"正确率：{(score / total_points) * 100:.1f}%\n")
+            if wrong_questions:
+                f.write(f"错题数量：{len(wrong_questions)}题\n")
+                for wq in wrong_questions:
+                    f.write(f"题目：{wq['question']} | 你的答案：{wq['user_answer']} | 正确答案：{wq['correct_answer']}\n")
+        print("成绩已保存到 exam_result.txt 文件！")
+    except:
+        print("成绩保存失败，请检查文件权限！")
+
+
+def main():
+    """系统主函数：控制整体流程"""
+    while True:
+        show_menu()
+        try:
+            choice = int(input("请输入功能编号（1-3）："))
+            if choice == 1:
+                view_question_bank()
+            elif choice == 2:
+                start_exam()
+            elif choice == 3:
+                print("感谢使用Python考试系统，再见！")
+                break
+            else:
+                print("输入错误，请输入1-3之间的数字！")
+        except ValueError:
+            print("输入格式错误，请输入数字！")
+
+
+# 程序入口
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()