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# Python基础知识点考试系统
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# 功能：题库查看、随机抽题考试、成绩统计与错题分析
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# 覆盖知识点：函数、循环、条件判断、列表/字典、文件操作、异常处理
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import random
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import time
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# 初始化题库（使用列表嵌套字典存储，键：题目、选项、正确答案、知识点）
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question_bank = [
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{
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"question": "Python中定义函数的关键字是？",
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"options": ["A. func", "B. def", "C. function", "D. define"],
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"answer": "B",
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"knowledge": "函数定义"
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},
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{
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"question": "以下哪个不是Python的基本数据类型？",
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"options": ["A. int", "B. str", "C. list", "D. array"],
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"answer": "D",
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"knowledge": "数据类型"
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},
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{
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"question": "执行print(10 % 3)的结果是？",
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"options": ["A. 3", "B. 1", "C. 0", "D. 3.33"],
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"answer": "B",
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"knowledge": "算术运算符"
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},
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{
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"question": "Python中循环语句不包含以下哪个？",
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"options": ["A. for", "B. while", "C. do...while", "D. 以上都不是"],
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"answer": "C",
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"knowledge": "循环结构"
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},
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{
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"question": "字典的键值对使用什么符号分隔？",
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"options": ["A. 逗号", "B. 冒号", "C. 等号", "D. 分号"],
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"answer": "B",
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"knowledge": "字典类型"
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},
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{
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"question": "if语句后的条件表达式结尾需要加什么符号？",
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"options": ["A. 分号", "B. 冒号", "C. 逗号", "D. 不需要"],
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"answer": "B",
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"knowledge": "条件判断"
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},
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{
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"question": "列表的索引从几开始？",
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"options": ["A. 0", "B. 1", "C. -1", "D. 任意"],
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"answer": "A",
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"knowledge": "列表操作"
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},
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{
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"question": "打开文件的函数是？",
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"options": ["A. open()", "B. read()", "C. file()", "D. write()"],
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"answer": "A",
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"knowledge": "文件操作"
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}
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]
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def show_menu():
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"""显示系统主菜单"""
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print("\n===== Python基础知识点考试系统 =====")
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print("1. 查看题库")
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print("2. 开始考试")
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print("3. 退出系统")
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print("====================================")
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def view_question_bank():
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"""查看完整题库功能"""
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print("\n===== Python基础题库 =====")
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for idx, question in enumerate(question_bank, 1):
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print(f"\n{idx}. {question['question']}")
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print(" 选项：", " | ".join(question['options']))
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print(f" 正确答案：{question['answer']}")
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print(f" 知识点：{question['knowledge']}")
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input("\n按回车键返回主菜单...")
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def start_exam():
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"""开始考试核心功能：随机抽题、限时答题、实时判分"""
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# 1. 设置考试参数
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exam_time = 5 # 每题答题时间（秒），可调整
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question_num = 5 # 抽取题目数量，可调整
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# 2. 随机抽取题目（避免重复）
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if question_num > len(question_bank):
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print(f"题库仅有{len(question_bank)}题，自动调整为全部题目考试")
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question_num = len(question_bank)
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selected_questions = random.sample(question_bank, question_num)
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# 3. 初始化考试数据
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score = 0 # 总分
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wrong_questions = [] # 存储错题
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total_points = question_num * 20 # 总分100分，每题20分
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print(f"\n===== 考试开始 =====\n本次考试共{question_num}题，每题{exam_time}秒答题时间，总分{total_points}分")
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print("请输入选项（A/B/C/D），输入错误将直接判定为答错！")
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# 4. 逐题答题
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for idx, q in enumerate(selected_questions, 1):
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print(f"\n第{idx}题（{exam_time}秒）：{q['question']}")
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print(" 选项：", " | ".join(q['options']))
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# 限时答题
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try:
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start_time = time.time()
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user_answer = input("请输入你的答案：").strip().upper()
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used_time = time.time() - start_time
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if used_time > exam_time:
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print(f"答题超时（用时{used_time:.1f}秒），本题不得分！")
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wrong_questions.append({
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"question": q['question'],
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"user_answer": "超时未答",
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"correct_answer": q['answer']
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})
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continue
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# 判分
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if user_answer == q['answer']:
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print("回答正确！")
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score += 20
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else:
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print(f"回答错误！正确答案是：{q['answer']}")
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wrong_questions.append({
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"question": q['question'],
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"user_answer": user_answer,
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"correct_answer": q['answer']
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})
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except:
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print("输入异常，本题判定为答错！")
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wrong_questions.append({
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"question": q['question'],
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"user_answer": "输入异常",
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"correct_answer": q['answer']
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})
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# 5. 成绩统计与展示
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show_score(score, total_points, wrong_questions)
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# 6. 保存成绩到文件
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save_score(score, total_points, wrong_questions)
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def show_score(score, total_points, wrong_questions):
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"""成绩统计与错题展示功能"""
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print("\n===== 考试结束 ======")
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print(f"你的最终得分：{score}分（总分{total_points}分）")
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accuracy = (score / total_points) * 100 if total_points > 0 else 0
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print(f"答题正确率：{accuracy:.1f}%")
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# 展示错题
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if wrong_questions:
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print(f"\n===== 错题分析（共{len(wrong_questions)}题）=====")
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for idx, wq in enumerate(wrong_questions, 1):
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print(f"\n{idx}. 题目：{wq['question']}")
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print(f" 你的答案：{wq['user_answer']}")
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print(f" 正确答案：{wq['correct_answer']}")
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else:
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print("\n恭喜！你全部答对了！")
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input("\n按回车键返回主菜单...")
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def save_score(score, total_points, wrong_questions):
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"""将考试成绩保存到文件（文件操作）"""
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try:
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with open("exam_result.txt", "a", encoding="utf-8") as f:
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f.write(f"\n===== 考试成绩记录 =====\n")
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f.write(f"考试时间：{time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')}\n")
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f.write(f"得分：{score}分（总分{total_points}分）\n")
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f.write(f"正确率：{(score / total_points) * 100:.1f}%\n")
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if wrong_questions:
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f.write(f"错题数量：{len(wrong_questions)}题\n")
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for wq in wrong_questions:
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f.write(f"题目：{wq['question']} | 你的答案：{wq['user_answer']} | 正确答案：{wq['correct_answer']}\n")
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print("成绩已保存到 exam_result.txt 文件！")
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except:
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print("成绩保存失败，请检查文件权限！")
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def main():
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"""系统主函数：控制整体流程"""
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while True:
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show_menu()
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try:
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choice = int(input("请输入功能编号（1-3）："))
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if choice == 1:
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view_question_bank()
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elif choice == 2:
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start_exam()
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elif choice == 3:
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print("感谢使用Python考试系统，再见！")
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break
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else:
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print("输入错误，请输入1-3之间的数字！")
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except ValueError:
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print("输入格式错误，请输入数字！")
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# 程序入口
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if __name__ == "__main__":
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main() |
