获取邮箱验证码功能

pom.xml

@@ -38,6 +38,16 @@
             <version>${junit.version}</version>
             <scope>test</scope>
         </dependency>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>com.sun.mail</groupId>
+            <artifactId>jakarta.mail</artifactId>
+            <version>2.0.1</version>
+        </dependency>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>jakarta.activation</groupId>
+            <artifactId>jakarta.activation-api</artifactId>
+            <version>2.1.3</version>
+        </dependency>
     </dependencies>
 
     <build>

src/main/java/com/example/mathsystemtogether/EmailCodeService.java

@@ -0,0 +1,125 @@
+package com.example.mathsystemtogether;
+
+import java.time.Duration;
+import java.time.Instant;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Properties;
+import java.util.Random;
+import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
+import jakarta.mail.Authenticator;
+import jakarta.mail.Message;
+import jakarta.mail.MessagingException;
+import jakarta.mail.PasswordAuthentication;
+import jakarta.mail.Session;
+import jakarta.mail.Transport;
+import jakarta.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
+import jakarta.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
+
+/**
+ * 简单的内存版邮箱验证码服务（单进程适用）。
+ * 如需真实发信，可将 sendEmail 方法接入 SMTP 或第三方服务。
+ */
+public class EmailCodeService {
+
+    private static class CodeRecord {
+        final String code;
+        final Instant expireAt;
+
+        CodeRecord(String code, Instant expireAt) {
+            this.code = code;
+            this.expireAt = expireAt;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private final Map<String, CodeRecord> emailToCode = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+    private final Map<String, Instant> emailToLastSend = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+    private final Random random = new Random();
+
+    private final Duration codeTtl = Duration.ofMinutes(5);
+    private final Duration rateLimit = Duration.ofSeconds(60);
+
+    public void sendCode(String email) {
+        Instant now = Instant.now();
+        Instant last = emailToLastSend.get(email);
+        if (last != null && Duration.between(last, now).compareTo(rateLimit) < 0) {
+            long waitSeconds = rateLimit.minus(Duration.between(last, now)).getSeconds();
+            throw new IllegalStateException("请求过于频繁，请于" + waitSeconds + "秒后重试");
+        }
+
+        String code = generateCode();
+        emailToCode.put(email, new CodeRecord(code, now.plus(codeTtl)));
+        emailToLastSend.put(email, now);
+
+        // 使用 SMTP 发送邮件（QQ邮箱）
+        sendEmail(email, code);
+    }
+
+    public boolean verifyCode(String email, String code) {
+        CodeRecord record = emailToCode.get(email);
+        if (record == null) return false;
+        if (Instant.now().isAfter(record.expireAt)) {
+            emailToCode.remove(email);
+            return false;
+        }
+        boolean ok = record.code.equals(code);
+        if (ok) {
+            emailToCode.remove(email); // 一次性
+        }
+        return ok;
+    }
+
+    private String generateCode() {
+        return String.valueOf(100000 + random.nextInt(900000));
+    }
+
+    private void sendEmail(String email, String code) {
+        // 从资源文件读取发件配置
+        Properties conf = new Properties();
+        try {
+            conf.load(EmailCodeService.class.getResourceAsStream("/com/example/mathsystemtogether/mail.properties"));
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            System.out.println("[EmailCodeService] 读取 mail.properties 失败，改为控制台输出验证码：" + code);
+            return;
+        }
+
+        String from = conf.getProperty("mail.from", "");
+        String authCode = conf.getProperty("mail.authCode", "");
+        String host = conf.getProperty("mail.host", "smtp.qq.com");
+        String port = conf.getProperty("mail.port", "465");
+        boolean ssl = Boolean.parseBoolean(conf.getProperty("mail.ssl", "true"));
+        String subject = conf.getProperty("mail.subject", "您的验证码");
+        String bodyPrefix = conf.getProperty("mail.bodyPrefix", "验证码：");
+        String bodySuffix = conf.getProperty("mail.bodySuffix", "，5分钟内有效。");
+
+        if (from.isEmpty() || authCode.isEmpty()) {
+            System.out.println("[EmailCodeService] 未配置 mail.from 或 mail.authCode，改为控制台输出验证码：" + code);
+            return;
+        }
+
+        Properties props = new Properties();
+        props.put("mail.smtp.host", host);
+        props.put("mail.smtp.port", port);
+        props.put("mail.smtp.auth", "true");
+        props.put("mail.smtp.ssl.enable", String.valueOf(ssl));
+
+        Session session = Session.getInstance(props, new Authenticator() {
+            @Override
+            protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
+                return new PasswordAuthentication(from, authCode);
+            }
+        });
+
+        try {
+            Message message = new MimeMessage(session);
+            message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(from));
+            message.setRecipients(Message.RecipientType.TO, InternetAddress.parse(email));
+            message.setSubject(subject);
+            message.setText(bodyPrefix + code + bodySuffix);
+            Transport.send(message);
+        } catch (MessagingException e) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException("邮件发送失败：" + e.getMessage(), e);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+

src/main/java/com/example/mathsystemtogether/ExamController.java

@@ -20,6 +20,11 @@ public class ExamController {
     @FXML private TextField usernameField;
     @FXML private PasswordField passwordField;
     @FXML private Button loginButton;
+    @FXML private TextField emailField;
+    @FXML private TextField emailCodeField;
+    @FXML private Button sendCodeButton;
+    @FXML private Button verifyCodeButton;
+    @FXML private Label emailStatusLabel;
     @FXML private Label loginStatusLabel;
     
     // 考试设置界面控件
@@ -39,6 +44,8 @@ public class ExamController {
     private Map<Integer, String> userAnswers = new HashMap<>();
     private ChoiceQuestionGenerator questionGenerator;
     private final Map<String, Account> userMap = new HashMap<>();
+    private final EmailCodeService emailCodeService = new EmailCodeService();
+    private boolean emailVerified = false;
     
     // 常量定义
     private static final int MIN_QUESTIONS = 5;
@@ -50,6 +57,9 @@ public class ExamController {
         setupLevelComboBox();
         examSetupPanel.setVisible(false);
         questionCountField.setText("10");
+        if (emailStatusLabel != null) {
+            emailStatusLabel.setText("");
+        }
     }
     
     private void initAccounts() {
@@ -93,6 +103,11 @@ public class ExamController {
             examSetupPanel.setVisible(true);
             loginStatusLabel.setText("登录成功！");
             loginStatusLabel.setStyle("-fx-text-fill: green;");
+            emailVerified = false;
+            if (emailStatusLabel != null) {
+                emailStatusLabel.setText("请进行邮箱验证后再开始考试");
+                emailStatusLabel.setStyle("-fx-text-fill: #8B0000;");
+            }
         } else {
             loginStatusLabel.setText("用户名或密码错误");
             loginStatusLabel.setStyle("-fx-text-fill: red;");
@@ -110,6 +125,10 @@ public class ExamController {
         passwordField.clear();
         loginStatusLabel.setText("");
         statusLabel.setText("");
+        emailVerified = false;
+        if (emailField != null) emailField.clear();
+        if (emailCodeField != null) emailCodeField.clear();
+        if (emailStatusLabel != null) emailStatusLabel.setText("");
     }
     
     @FXML
@@ -132,6 +151,12 @@ public class ExamController {
             String selectedLevel = levelComboBox.getValue();
             ChoiceQuestionGenerator.Level level = ChoiceQuestionGenerator.Level.valueOf(selectedLevel);
             
+            if (!emailVerified) {
+                statusLabel.setText("请先完成邮箱验证码验证");
+                statusLabel.setStyle("-fx-text-fill: red;");
+                return;
+            }
+
             // 生成考试题目
             questionGenerator = new ChoiceQuestionGenerator();
             examQuestions = questionGenerator.generateQuestions(level, count);
@@ -150,6 +175,57 @@ public class ExamController {
             statusLabel.setStyle("-fx-text-fill: red;");
         }
     }
+
+    @FXML
+    private void handleSendEmailCode() {
+        String email = emailField != null ? emailField.getText().trim() : "";
+        if (email.isEmpty()) {
+            if (emailStatusLabel != null) {
+                emailStatusLabel.setText("请输入邮箱");
+                emailStatusLabel.setStyle("-fx-text-fill: red;");
+            }
+            return;
+        }
+        try {
+            emailCodeService.sendCode(email);
+            if (emailStatusLabel != null) {
+                emailStatusLabel.setText("验证码已发送，请在5分钟内查收（控制台可见）");
+                emailStatusLabel.setStyle("-fx-text-fill: green;");
+            }
+        } catch (Exception ex) {
+            if (emailStatusLabel != null) {
+                emailStatusLabel.setText("发送失败：" + ex.getMessage());
+                emailStatusLabel.setStyle("-fx-text-fill: red;");
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @FXML
+    private void handleVerifyEmailCode() {
+        String email = emailField != null ? emailField.getText().trim() : "";
+        String code = emailCodeField != null ? emailCodeField.getText().trim() : "";
+        if (email.isEmpty() || code.isEmpty()) {
+            if (emailStatusLabel != null) {
+                emailStatusLabel.setText("请输入邮箱和验证码");
+                emailStatusLabel.setStyle("-fx-text-fill: red;");
+            }
+            return;
+        }
+        boolean ok = emailCodeService.verifyCode(email, code);
+        if (ok) {
+            emailVerified = true;
+            if (emailStatusLabel != null) {
+                emailStatusLabel.setText("邮箱验证成功，可开始考试");
+                emailStatusLabel.setStyle("-fx-text-fill: green;");
+            }
+        } else {
+            emailVerified = false;
+            if (emailStatusLabel != null) {
+                emailStatusLabel.setText("验证码错误或已过期");
+                emailStatusLabel.setStyle("-fx-text-fill: red;");
+            }
+        }
+    }
     
     private void startExam() {
         try {

src/main/java/com/example/mathsystemtogether/HelloApplication.java

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ public class HelloApplication extends Application {
     @Override
     public void start(Stage stage) throws IOException {
         FXMLLoader fxmlLoader = new FXMLLoader(HelloApplication.class.getResource("exam-view.fxml"));
-        Scene scene = new Scene(fxmlLoader.load(), 900, 800);
+        Scene scene = new Scene(fxmlLoader.load(), 900, 900);
         stage.setTitle("数学考试系统");
         stage.setResizable(true);
         stage.setScene(scene);

src/main/java/module-info.java

@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 module com.example.mathsystemtogether {
     requires javafx.controls;
     requires javafx.fxml;
+    requires jakarta.mail;
+    requires jakarta.activation;
 
 
     opens com.example.mathsystemtogether to javafx.fxml;

src/main/resources/com/example/mathsystemtogether/exam-view.fxml

@@ -55,6 +55,25 @@
                </Label>
                <PasswordField fx:id="passwordField" promptText="请输入密码" prefWidth="180.0" style="-fx-background-color: white; -fx-background-radius: 8; -fx-border-color: #8A2BE2; -fx-border-radius: 8; -fx-border-width: 2; -fx-padding: 8;"/>
             </HBox>
+            <HBox spacing="15.0" alignment="CENTER_LEFT">
+               <Label text="📧 邮箱:" minWidth="80.0" textFill="#6A0DAD">
+                  <font>
+                     <Font name="System Bold" size="14.0"/>
+                  </font>
+               </Label>
+               <TextField fx:id="emailField" promptText="请输入邮箱" prefWidth="180.0" style="-fx-background-color: white; -fx-background-radius: 8; -fx-border-color: #8A2BE2; -fx-border-radius: 8; -fx-border-width: 2; -fx-padding: 8;"/>
+               <Button fx:id="sendCodeButton" text="发送验证码" onAction="#handleSendEmailCode" style="-fx-background-color: linear-gradient(to right, #8A2BE2, #9932CC); -fx-text-fill: white; -fx-background-radius: 10; -fx-padding: 8 16; -fx-font-size: 12; -fx-font-weight: bold; -fx-effect: dropshadow(gaussian, rgba(0,0,0,0.3), 5, 0, 0, 2);"/>
+            </HBox>
+            <HBox spacing="15.0" alignment="CENTER_LEFT">
+               <Label text="🔏 验证码:" minWidth="80.0" textFill="#6A0DAD">
+                  <font>
+                     <Font name="System Bold" size="14.0"/>
+                  </font>
+               </Label>
+               <TextField fx:id="emailCodeField" promptText="请输入6位验证码" prefWidth="180.0" style="-fx-background-color: white; -fx-background-radius: 8; -fx-border-color: #8A2BE2; -fx-border-radius: 8; -fx-border-width: 2; -fx-padding: 8;"/>
+               <Button fx:id="verifyCodeButton" text="验证" onAction="#handleVerifyEmailCode" style="-fx-background-color: linear-gradient(to right, #8A2BE2, #9932CC); -fx-text-fill: white; -fx-background-radius: 10; -fx-padding: 8 16; -fx-font-size: 12; -fx-font-weight: bold; -fx-effect: dropshadow(gaussian, rgba(0,0,0,0.3), 5, 0, 0, 2);"/>
+               <Label fx:id="emailStatusLabel" textFill="#8B0000" style="-fx-font-weight: bold;"/>
+            </HBox>
             <HBox spacing="15.0" alignment="CENTER_LEFT">
                <Button fx:id="loginButton" text="🚀 登录" onAction="#handleLogin" style="-fx-background-color: linear-gradient(to right, #8A2BE2, #9932CC); -fx-text-fill: white; -fx-background-radius: 10; -fx-padding: 10 20; -fx-font-size: 14; -fx-font-weight: bold; -fx-effect: dropshadow(gaussian, rgba(0,0,0,0.3), 5, 0, 0, 2);"/>
                <Label fx:id="loginStatusLabel" textFill="#8B0000" style="-fx-font-weight: bold;"/>

src/main/resources/com/example/mathsystemtogether/mail.properties

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+mail.from=1961004835@qq.com
+mail.authCode=nixyzbpbcrekhgfe
+mail.host=smtp.qq.com
+mail.port=465
+mail.ssl=true
+mail.subject=您的验证码
+mail.bodyPrefix=验证码：
+mail.bodySuffix=，5分钟内有效。
+