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面向对象学生系统/models/students.py

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+from datetime import date
+from typing import Optional, Union
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+
+
+@dataclass
+class Student:
+    name: str
+    id_card: str
+    stu_id: str
+    gender: Optional[bool] = None  # True:男, False:女
+    height: Optional[int] = None  # cm
+    weight: Optional[float] = None  # kg
+    enrollment_date: Optional[Union[date, str]] = None
+    class_name: Optional[str] = None
+    major: Optional[str] = None
+
+    @property
+    def age(self) -> int:
+        """从身份证号计算年龄(周岁)"""
+        from utils.id_utils import calculate_age
+        return calculate_age(self.id_card)
+
+    @property
+    def birthday(self) -> date:
+        """从身份证号提取出生日期"""
+        from utils.id_utils import extract_birthday
+        return extract_birthday(self.id_card)
+
+    def to_dict(self) -> dict:
+        """将学生对象转换为字典"""
+        return {
+            'name': self.name,
+            'id_card': self.id_card,
+            'stu_id': self.stu_id,
+            'gender': self.gender,
+            'height': self.height,
+            'weight': self.weight,
+            'enrollment_date': self.enrollment_date.isoformat()
+            if isinstance(self.enrollment_date, date) else self.enrollment_date,
+            'class_name': self.class_name,
+            'major': self.major
+        }
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_dict(cls, data: dict) -> 'Student':
+        """从字典创建学生对象"""
+        from datetime import datetime
+
+        enrollment_date = data.get('enrollment_date')
+        if enrollment_date and isinstance(enrollment_date, str):
+            try:
+                enrollment_date = datetime.strptime(enrollment_date, '%Y-%m-%d').date()
+            except ValueError:
+                pass
+
+        return cls(
+            name=data['name'],
+            id_card=data['id_card'],
+            stu_id=data['stu_id'],
+            gender=data.get('gender'),
+            height=data.get('height'),
+            weight=data.get('weight'),
+            enrollment_date=enrollment_date,
+            class_name=data.get('class_name'),
+            major=data.get('major')
+        )