123

.idea/.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# 默认忽略的文件
+/shelf/
+/workspace.xml

.idea/PythonProject.iml

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<module type="PYTHON_MODULE" version="4">
+  <component name="NewModuleRootManager">
+    <content url="file://$MODULE_DIR$" />
+    <orderEntry type="jdk" jdkName="Python 3.11" jdkType="Python SDK" />
+    <orderEntry type="sourceFolder" forTests="false" />
+  </component>
+</module>

.idea/inspectionProfiles/profiles_settings.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+<component name="InspectionProjectProfileManager">
+  <settings>
+    <option name="USE_PROJECT_PROFILE" value="false" />
+    <version value="1.0" />
+  </settings>
+</component>

.idea/misc.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<project version="4">
+  <component name="Black">
+    <option name="sdkName" value="Python 3.11" />
+  </component>
+</project>

.idea/modules.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<project version="4">
+  <component name="ProjectModuleManager">
+    <modules>
+      <module fileurl="file://$PROJECT_DIR$/.idea/PythonProject.iml" filepath="$PROJECT_DIR$/.idea/PythonProject.iml" />
+    </modules>
+  </component>
+</project>

.idea/vcs.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<project version="4">
+  <component name="VcsDirectoryMappings">
+    <mapping directory="$PROJECT_DIR$" vcs="Git" />
+  </component>
+</project>

bll/student_bll.py

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+from datetime import date
+from typing import Optional, List
+from dal.student_dal_json import StudentDAL
+from model import Student
+
+
+class StudentBLL:
+    def __init__(self, dal: StudentDAL):
+        self.dal = dal
+
+    def add_student(self, student: Student) -> bool:
+        if self.dal.check_student_exists(student.sid):
+            raise ValueError(f"学生 ID {student.sid} 已存在。")
+        if not student.is_valid:
+            raise ValueError(f"学生数据校验不通过。错误信息：{student.get_errors()}")
+        return self.dal.add_student(student)
+    # 其他方法同理
+
+    def delete_student(self, sid: str) ->bool:
+        if not self.dal.check_student_exists(sid):
+            raise ValueError(f"学生 ID {sid} 不存在。")
+        return self.dal.delete_student(sid)
+
+    def update_student(self, sid: str, student: Student) -> bool:
+        if not self.dal.check_student_exists(sid):
+            raise ValueError(f"学生 ID {sid} 不存在。")
+        if not student.is_valid:
+            raise ValueError(f"学生数据校验不通过。错误信息：{student.get_errors()}")
+        return self.dal.update_student(sid, student)
+
+    def update_student_partial(self, sid: str, name: Optional[str] = None, height: Optional[int] = None,
+                               birth_date: Optional[date] = None, enrollment_date: Optional[date] = None,
+                               class_name: Optional[str] = None) -> bool:
+        if not self.dal.check_student_exists(sid):
+            raise ValueError(f"学生 ID {sid} 不存在。")
+        return self.dal.update_student_partial(sid, name, height, birth_date, enrollment_date, class_name)
+
+    def get_student_by_id(self, sid: str) -> Optional[Student]:
+        return self.dal.find_student_by_sid(sid)
+
+    def get_students_by_name(self, name: str) -> List[Student]:
+        return self.dal.find_students_by_name(name)
+
+    def get_students_by_class(self, class_name: str) -> List[Student]:
+        return self.dal.find_students_by_class_name(class_name)
+
+    def get_all_students(self) -> List[Student]:
+        return self.dal.get_all_students()
+

dal/__init__.py

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+import json
+from model.Student import Student

dal/student_dal_json.py

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+import json
+import os, sys
+from datetime import date
+from typing import List, Optional
+
+import csv
+current_dir = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))
+parent_dir = os.path.dirname(current_dir)
+sys.path.append(parent_dir)
+from model.Student import Student
+
+
+class StudentDAL:
+    def __init__(self, file_path: str):
+        self.file_path = file_path
+        self._ensure_file_exists()
+
+    def _ensure_file_exists(self):
+        if not os.path.exists(self.file_path):
+            with open(self.file_path, mode='w', encoding='utf-8') as file:
+                json.dump([], file)
+
+    def save_students(self, students: List[Student]) -> None:
+        student_dicts = [student.to_dict() for student in students]
+        with open(self.file_path, mode='w', encoding='utf-8') as file:
+            json.dump(student_dicts, file, ensure_ascii=False, indent=4)
+
+    def load_students(self) -> List[Student]:
+        with open(self.file_path, mode='r', encoding='utf-8') as file:
+            student_dicts = json.load(file)
+            return [Student.from_dict(student_dict) for student_dict in student_dicts]
+
+    def add_student(self, student: Student) -> bool:
+        students = self.load_students()
+        for existing_student in students:
+            if existing_student.sid == student.sid:
+                return False
+        students.append(student)
+        self.save_students(students)
+        return True
+
+    def find_student_by_sid(self, sid: str) -> Optional[Student]:
+        students = self.load_students()
+        for student in students:
+            if student.sid == sid:
+                return student
+        return None
+
+    def find_students_by_name(self, name: str) ->List[Student]:
+        students = self.load_students()
+        return [student for student in students if name.lower() in student.name.lower()]
+
+    def find_students_by_class_name(self, class_name: str) ->List[Student]:
+        students = self.load_students()
+        return [s for s in students if class_name.lower() in s.class_name.lower()]
+
+    def get_all_students(self) -> List[Student]:
+        return self.load_students()
+
+    def update_student(self, sid: str, updated_student: Student) -> bool:
+        students = self.load_students()
+        for i, student in enumerate(students):
+            if student.sid == sid:
+                students[i] = updated_student
+                self.save_students(students)
+                return True
+        return False
+    def update_student_partial(self, sid:str, name:Optional[str]=None, height:Optional[float]=None, birth_date:Optional[date]=None, enrollment_date:Optional[date]=None, class_name:Optional[str]=None) ->bool:
+        students = self.load_students()
+        for i, student in enumerate(students):
+            if student.sid == sid:
+                if name is not None:
+                    students[i].name = name
+                if height is not None:
+                    students[i].height = height
+                if birth_date is not None:
+                    students[i].birth_date = birth_date
+                if enrollment_date is not None:
+                    students[i].enrollment_date = enrollment_date
+                if class_name is not None:
+                    students[i].class_name = class_name
+                self.save_students(students)
+                return True
+        return False
+
+    def delete_student(self, sid: str) -> bool:
+        """根据学生 ID 删除学生"""
+        students = self.load_students()
+        initial_length = len(students)
+        students = [student for student in students if student.sid != sid]
+        if len(students) < initial_length:
+            self.save_students(students)
+            return True
+        return False
+
+    def clear_all_students(self) -> None:
+        self.save_students([])
+
+    def get_student_count(self) -> int:
+        return len(self.load_students())
+
+    def check_student_exists(self, sid: str) ->bool:
+        return self.find_student_by_sid(sid) is not None
+
+    def export_to_json(self, file_path):
+        students = self.load_students()
+        student_dicts = [student.to_dict() for student in students]
+        with open(file_path, mode='w', encoding='utf-8') as file:
+            json.dump(student_dicts, file, ensure_ascii=False, indent=4)
+
+    def import_from_json(self, file_path):
+        with open(file_path, mode='r', encoding='utf-8') as file:
+            student_dicts = json.load(file)
+            students = [Student.from_dict(student_dict) for student_dict in student_dicts]
+            self.save_students(students)
+
+    def export_to_csv(self, file_path):
+        students = self.load_students()
+        with open(file_path, mode='w', encoding='utf-8', newline='') as file:
+            fieldnames = ['sid', 'name', 'height', 'birth_date', 'enrollment_date', 'class_name']
+            writer = csv.DictWriter(file, fieldnames=fieldnames)
+            writer.writeheader()
+            for student in students:
+                writer.writerow(student.to_dict())
+
+    def import_from_csv(self, file_path):
+        students = []
+        with open(file_path, mode='r', encoding='utf-8') as file:
+            reader = csv.DictReader(file)
+            for row in reader:
+                row['birth_date'] = date.fromisoformat(row['birth_date'])
+                row['enrollment_date'] = date.fromisoformat(row['enrollment_date'])
+                student = Student.from_dict(row)
+                students.append(student)
+        self.save_students(students)
+
+    def get_average_height(self):
+        students = self.load_students()
+        if not students:
+            return 0
+        total_height = sum(student.height for student in students)
+        return total_height / len(students)
+
+    def count_students_by_height_range(self, min_height, max_height):
+        students = self.load_students()
+        return len([student for student in students if min_height <= student.height <= max_height])
+
+    def count_students_by_enrollment_year(self, year):
+        students = self.load_students()
+        return len([student for student in students if student.enrollment_date.year == year])
+
+    def count_students_by_age_range(self, min_age, max_age):
+        today = date.today()
+        students = self.load_students()
+        return len([student for student in students if min_age <= today.year - student.birth_date.year <= max_age])

data/student.json

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+[]

main.py

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+from datetime import date
+
+from ui.studentui import StudentUI
+
+def main():
+    ui = StudentUI()
+    while True:
+        ui.display_menu()
+        choice = ui.get_input("请输入你的选择: ")
+        if choice == '1':
+            ui.add_student()
+        elif choice == '2':
+            sid = ui.get_input("请输入要删除的学生学号: ")
+            try:
+                if ui.bll.delete_student(sid):
+                    print("学生信息删除成功！")
+                else:
+                    print("学生信息删除失败。")
+            except ValueError as e:
+                print(e)
+        elif choice == '3':
+            sid = ui.get_input("请输入要更新的学生学号: ")
+            student = ui.bll.get_student_by_id(sid)
+            if student:
+                # 获取更新信息
+                name = ui.get_input(f"请输入新的姓名（当前：{student.name}），不修改请直接回车: ")
+                height = ui.get_input(f"请输入新的身高（当前：{student.height}），不修改请直接回车: ")
+                birth_date = ui.get_input(f"请输入新的出生日期（当前：{student.birth_date}），不修改请直接回车: ")
+                enrollment_date = ui.get_input(f"请输入新的入学日期（当前：{student.enrollment_date}），不修改请直接回车: ")
+                class_name = ui.get_input(f"请输入新的班级（当前：{student.class_name}），不修改请直接回车: ")
+
+                if name:
+                    student.name = name
+                if height:
+                    student.height = int(height)
+                if birth_date:
+                    student.birth_date = date.fromisoformat(birth_date)
+                if enrollment_date:
+                    student.enrollment_date = date.fromisoformat(enrollment_date)
+                if class_name:
+                    student.class_name = class_name
+
+                try:
+                    if ui.bll.update_student(sid, student):
+                        print("学生信息更新成功！")
+                    else:
+                        print("学生信息更新失败。")
+                except ValueError as e:
+                    print(e)
+            else:
+                print(f"学生 ID {sid} 不存在。")
+        elif choice == '4':
+            ui.display_query_menu()
+            query_choice = ui.get_input("请输入你的查询选择: ")
+            if query_choice == '1':
+                students = ui.bll.get_all_students()
+                for student in students:
+                    print(student)
+            elif query_choice == '2':
+                sid = ui.get_input("请输入要查询的学生学号: ")
+                student = ui.bll.get_student_by_id(sid)
+                if student:
+                    print(student)
+                else:
+                    print(f"学生 ID {sid} 不存在。")
+            elif query_choice == '3':
+                # 这里和按学号查询逻辑一样
+                sid = ui.get_input("请输入要查询的学生学号: ")
+                student = ui.bll.get_student_by_id(sid)
+                if student:
+                    print(student)
+                else:
+                    print(f"学生 ID {sid} 不存在。")
+            elif query_choice == '4':
+                name = ui.get_input("请输入要查询的学生姓名: ")
+                students = ui.bll.get_students_by_name(name)
+                for student in students:
+                    print(student)
+            elif query_choice == '5':
+                class_name = ui.get_input("请输入要查询的班级: ")
+                students = ui.bll.get_students_by_class(class_name)
+                for student in students:
+                    print(student)
+            elif query_choice == '0':
+                continue
+        elif choice == '5':
+            ui.display_stats_menu()
+            stats_choice = ui.get_input("请输入你的统计选择: ")
+            if stats_choice == '1':
+                count = ui.bll.dal.get_student_count()
+                print(f"学生总数为: {count}")
+            elif stats_choice == '2':
+                average_height = ui.bll.dal.get_average_height()
+                print(f"学生平均身高为: {average_height:.2f} cm")
+            elif stats_choice == '3':
+                min_height = int(ui.get_input("请输入最小身高: "))
+                max_height = int(ui.get_input("请输入最大身高: "))
+                count = ui.bll.dal.count_students_by_height_range(min_height, max_height)
+                print(f"身高在 {min_height} - {max_height} cm 之间的学生数量为: {count}")
+            elif stats_choice == '4':
+                year = int(ui.get_input("请输入入学年份: "))
+                count = ui.bll.dal.count_students_by_enrollment_year(year)
+                print(f"{year} 年入学的学生数量为: {count}")
+            elif stats_choice == '5':
+                min_age = int(ui.get_input("请输入最小年龄: "))
+                max_age = int(ui.get_input("请输入最大年龄: "))
+                count = ui.bll.dal.count_students_by_age_range(min_age, max_age)
+                print(f"年龄在 {min_age} - {max_age} 岁之间的学生数量为: {count}")
+            elif stats_choice == '0':
+                continue
+            elif choice == '6':
+                ui.display_import_export_menu()
+                import_export_choice = ui.get_input("请输入你的导入导出选择: ")
+                if import_export_choice != '0':
+                    ui.handle_import_export(import_export_choice)
+                else:
+                    continue
+        elif choice == '7':
+            try:
+                ui.bll.dal.clear_all_students()
+                print("所有学生信息已清空！")
+            except Exception as e:
+                print(f"清空学生信息失败: {e}")
+        elif choice == '0':
+            break
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    main()

model/Student.py

@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+from datetime import date
+
+class Student:
+    def __init__(self, sid: str, name: str, height: str, birth_date: date | str, enrollment_date: date | str, class_name: str):
+        self.sid = sid
+        self.name = name.strip()
+        self.height = int(height)  # 转换为整数类型
+        self.birth_date = birth_date if isinstance(birth_date, date) else date.fromisoformat(birth_date)
+        self.enrollment_date = enrollment_date if isinstance(enrollment_date, date) else date.fromisoformat(enrollment_date)
+        self.class_name = class_name
+        self._validation_errors = []
+        self._validate_height()
+        self._validate_date()
+        self._validate_name()
+
+    def _validate_height(self) -> None:
+        if not (50 <= self.height <= 250):
+            self._validation_errors.append(f"身高{self.height}cm超出合理范围")
+
+    def _validate_name(self) -> None:
+        if not (2 <= len(self.name) <=20):
+            self._validation_errors.append("姓名长度需在2-20个字符之间")
+        if not self.name.isprintable():
+            self._validation_errors.append("姓名长度需在2-20个字符之间")
+    def _validate_date(self) -> None:
+        today = date.today()
+        if self.birth_date > today:
+            self._validation_errors.append('出生日期不能在未来')
+        if self.enrollment_date > today:
+            self._validation_errors.append('入学日期不能在未来')
+        if self.birth_date > self.enrollment_date:
+            self._validation_errors.append('入学日期不能早于出生日期')
+    @property
+    def is_valid(self) -> bool:
+        return len(self._validation_errors) == 0
+    def get_errors(self) -> list[str]:
+        return self._validation_errors.copy()
+    def __eq__(self, other) -> bool:
+        if not isinstance(other, Student):
+            return NotImplemented
+        return (self.sid == other.sid and
+                self.name == other.name and
+                self.height == other.height and
+                self.birth_date == other.birth_date and
+                self.enrollment_date == other.enrollment_date and
+                self.class_name == other.class_name
+                )
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_dict(cls, data: dict) -> 'Student':
+        birth_date = data['birth_date'] if isinstance(data['birth_date'], date) else date.fromisoformat(
+            data['birth_date'])
+        enrollment_date = data['enrollment_date'] if isinstance(data['enrollment_date'], date) else date.fromisoformat(
+            data['enrollment_date'])
+        return cls(
+            sid=data['sid'],
+            name=data['name'].strip(),
+            height=data['height'],
+            birth_date=birth_date,
+            enrollment_date=enrollment_date,
+            class_name=data['class_name']
+        )
+
+    def to_dict(self):
+        return {
+                'sid': self.sid,
+                'name': self.name,
+                'height': self.height,
+                'birth_date': self.birth_date.isoformat(),
+                'enrollment_date': self.enrollment_date.isoformat(),
+                'class_name': self.class_name
+            }
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return (
+            f"{self.__class__.__name__}("
+            f"sid='{self.sid}', "
+            f"name='{self.name}',"
+            f"height={self.height},"
+            f"birth_date=date({self.birth_date.year},{self.birth_date.month},{self.birth_date.day}), "
+            f"enrollment_date=date({self.enrollment_date.year},{self.enrollment_date.month},{self.enrollment_date.day}), "
+            f"class_name='{self.class_name}'"
+            f")"
+        )
+
+

ui/studentui.py

@@ -0,0 +1,159 @@
+import os
+from datetime import date
+from bll.student_bll import StudentBLL
+from dal.student_dal_json import StudentDAL
+from model.Student import Student
+
+class StudentUI:
+    def __init__(self):
+        current_dir = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))
+        parent_dir = os.path.dirname(current_dir)
+        file_path = os.path.join(parent_dir, "data", "student.json")
+        dal = StudentDAL(file_path)
+        self.bll = StudentBLL(dal)
+        self.file_path = file_path
+
+
+    def display_menu(self):
+        """显示主菜单"""
+        os.system('cls' if os.name == 'nt' else 'clear')
+        print("\n=" * 1)
+        print("           学生信息管理系统 - 主菜单           ")
+        print("=" * 1)
+        print("1. 添加学生信息")
+        print("2. 删除学生信息")
+        print("3. 更新学生信息")
+        print("4. 查询学生信息")
+        print("5. 统计分析")
+        print("6. 数据导入导出")
+        print("7. 清空所有学生信息")
+        print("0. 退出系统")
+        print("=" * 1)
+
+    def display_query_menu(self):
+        """显示查询子菜单"""
+        os.system('cls' if os.name == 'nt' else 'clear')
+        print("\n=" * 1)
+        print("              学生信息管理系统 - 查询菜单              ")
+        print("=" * 1)
+        print("1. 查询所有学生")
+        print("2. 按身份证号查询")
+        print("3. 按学号查询")
+        print("4. 按姓名查询")
+        print("5. 按班级查询")
+        print("0. 返回上一级")
+        print("=" * 1)
+
+    def display_stats_menu(self):
+        """显示统计分析子菜单"""
+        os.system('cls' if os.name == 'nt' else 'clear')
+        print("\n=" * 1)
+        print("              学生信息管理系统 - 统计分析菜单              ")
+        print("=" * 1)
+        print("1. 学生总数")
+        print("2. 平均身高")
+        print("3. 按身高范围统计")
+        print("4. 按入学年份统计")
+        print("5. 按年龄范围统计")
+        print("0. 返回上一级")
+        print("=" * 1)
+
+    def display_import_export_menu(self):
+        """显示数据导入导出子菜单"""
+        os.system('cls' if os.name == 'nt' else 'clear')
+        print("\n=" * 1)
+        print("              学生信息管理系统 - 数据导入导出菜单              ")
+        print("=" * 1)
+        print("1. 导出数据到JSON")
+        print("2. 从JSON导入数据")
+        print("3. 导出数据到CSV")
+        print("4. 从CSV导入数据")
+        print("0. 返回上一级")
+        print("=" * 1)
+
+    def get_input(self, prompt: str) -> str:
+        """获取用户输入，添加异常处理"""
+        try:
+            return input(prompt).strip()
+        except EOFError:
+            return "0"  # 按Ctrl+D视为退出
+
+    def add_student(self):
+        """添加学生信息"""
+        os.system('cls' if os.name == 'nt' else 'clear')
+        print("\n=" * 1)
+        print("                    添加学生信息                    ")
+        print("=" * 1)
+
+        name = self.get_input("请输入姓名: ")
+        id_number = self.get_input("请输入身份证号: ")
+        student_id = self.get_input("请输入学号: ")
+        gender = self.get_input("请输入性别(男/女): ")
+
+        while True:
+            try:
+                height = float(self.get_input("请输入身高(cm): "))
+                if height <= 0 or height > 250:
+                    raise ValueError
+                break
+            except ValueError:
+                print("身高必须为0到250之间的有效数值，请重新输入")
+
+        while True:
+            try:
+                weight = float(self.get_input("请输入体重(kg): "))
+                if weight <= 0 or weight > 500:
+                    raise ValueError
+                break
+            except ValueError:
+                print("体重必须为0到500之间的有效数值，请重新输入")
+
+        enrollment_date = self.get_input("请输入入学日期(YYYY-MM-DD): ")
+        class_name = self.get_input("请输入班级: ")
+        major = self.get_input("请输入专业: ")
+
+        student = Student(
+            name=name,
+            id_number=id_number,
+            student_id=student_id,
+            gender=gender,
+            height=height,
+            weight=weight,
+            enrollment_date=enrollment_date,
+            class_name=class_name,
+
+            major=major
+        )
+        student = Student(
+            sid=student_id,  # 注意这里添加了 sid
+            name=name,
+            height=height,
+            birth_date=date.fromisoformat(enrollment_date),  # 假设入学日期作为示例，可根据实际情况修改
+            enrollment_date=date.fromisoformat(enrollment_date),
+            class_name=class_name
+        )
+        try:
+            if self.bll.add_student(student):
+                print("学生信息添加成功！")
+            else:
+                print("学生信息添加失败。")
+        except ValueError as e:
+            print(e)
+
+    def handle_import_export(self, choice):
+        if choice == '1':
+            file_path = self.get_input("请输入要导出的 JSON 文件路径: ")
+            self.bll.dal.export_to_json(file_path)
+            print("数据导出到 JSON 成功！")
+        elif choice == '2':
+            file_path = self.get_input("请输入要导入的 JSON 文件路径: ")
+            self.bll.dal.import_from_json(file_path)
+            print("数据从 JSON 导入成功！")
+        elif choice == '3':
+            file_path = self.get_input("请输入要导出的 CSV 文件路径: ")
+            self.bll.dal.export_to_csv(file_path)
+            print("数据导出到 CSV 成功！")
+        elif choice == '4':
+            file_path = self.get_input("请输入要导入的 CSV 文件路径: ")
+            self.bll.dal.import_from_csv(file_path)
+            print("数据从 CSV 导入成功！")