新建项目

.idea/.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+# 默认忽略的文件
+/shelf/
+/workspace.xml
+# 基于编辑器的 HTTP 客户端请求
+/httpRequests/
+# Datasource local storage ignored files
+/dataSources/
+/dataSources.local.xml

.idea/PythonProject1.iml

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<module type="PYTHON_MODULE" version="4">
+  <component name="NewModuleRootManager">
+    <content url="file://$MODULE_DIR$" />
+    <orderEntry type="jdk" jdkName="Python 3.11 (PyCharmMiscProject)" jdkType="Python SDK" />
+    <orderEntry type="sourceFolder" forTests="false" />
+  </component>
+</module>

.idea/inspectionProfiles/profiles_settings.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+<component name="InspectionProjectProfileManager">
+  <settings>
+    <option name="USE_PROJECT_PROFILE" value="false" />
+    <version value="1.0" />
+  </settings>
+</component>

.idea/modules.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<project version="4">
+  <component name="ProjectModuleManager">
+    <modules>
+      <module fileurl="file://$PROJECT_DIR$/.idea/PythonProject1.iml" filepath="$PROJECT_DIR$/.idea/PythonProject1.iml" />
+    </modules>
+  </component>
+</project>

stumis/bill/studentBLL.py

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+from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
+import json
+import csv
+import os
+from typing import List, Dict, Optional, Any
+from copy import deepcopy
+
+
+
+class Student:
+    def __init__(self, data: Dict[str, Any]):
+        self.__dict__.update(data)
+
+    def to_dict(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        return self.__dict__.copy()
+
+    def validate(self) -> List[str]:
+        errors = []
+        if not hasattr(self, 'id_number') or not self.id_number:
+            errors.append("身份证号不能为空")
+        if not hasattr(self, 'stu_id') or not self.stu_id:
+            errors.append("学号不能为空")
+        if hasattr(self, 'age') and (not isinstance(self.age, int) or self.age < 0):
+            errors.append("年龄必须为非负整数")
+        return errors
+
+
+class IStudentDAL(ABC):
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def get_by_id(self, id_number: str) -> Optional[Dict[str, Any]]:
+        pass
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def get_by_stu_id(self, stu_id: str) -> Optional[Dict[str, Any]]:
+        pass
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def get_all(self) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
+        pass
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def add(self, student: Dict[str, Any]) -> bool:
+        pass
+
+    def delete(self, id_number: str) -> bool:
+        pass
+
+    def delete_by_stu_id(self, stu_id: str) -> bool:
+        pass
+
+    def update(self, student: Dict[str, Any]) -> bool:
+        pass
+
+
+class JsonStudentDAL(IStudentDAL):
+
+    def __init__(self, file_path: str):
+        self.file_path = file_path
+        self.data = self._load()
+
+    def _load(self) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
+        if not os.path.exists(self.file_path):
+            return []
+        try:
+            with open(self.file_path, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
+                return json.load(f)
+        except:
+            return []
+
+    def _save(self) -> None:
+        with open(self.file_path, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
+            json.dump(self.data, f, ensure_ascii=False, indent=4)
+
+    def get_by_id(self, id_number: str) -> Optional[Dict[str, Any]]:
+        for s in self.data:
+            if s.get('id_number') == id_number:
+                return deepcopy(s)
+        return None
+
+    def get_by_stu_id(self, stu_id: str) -> Optional[Dict[str, Any]]:
+        for s in self.data:
+            if s.get('stu_id') == stu_id:
+                return deepcopy(s)
+        return None
+
+    def get_all(self) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
+        return [deepcopy(s) for s in self.data]
+
+    def add(self, student: Dict[str, Any]) -> bool:
+        self.data.append(deepcopy(student))
+        self._save()
+        return True
+
+    def delete(self, id_number: str) -> bool:
+        for i, s in enumerate(self.data):
+            if s.get('id_number') == id_number:
+                del self.data[i]
+                self._save()
+                return True
+        return False
+
+    def delete_by_stu_id(self, stu_id: str) -> bool:
+        for i, s in enumerate(self.data):
+            if s.get('stu_id') == stu_id:
+                del self.data[i]
+                self._save()
+                return True
+        return False
+
+    def update(self, student: Dict[str, Any]) -> bool:
+        for i, s in enumerate(self.data):
+            if s.get('id_number') == student.get('id_number'):
+                self.data[i] = deepcopy(student)
+                self._save()
+                return True
+        return False
+
+
+class CsvStudentDAL(IStudentDAL):
+    FIELD_TYPES = {
+        "id_number": str,
+        "stu_id": str,
+        "name": str,
+        "age": int,
+        "gender": str
+    }
+
+    def __init__(self, file_path: str):
+        self.file_path = file_path
+        self.data = self._load()
+
+    def _load(self) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
+        if not os.path.exists(self.file_path):
+            self._ensure_file_exists()
+            return []
+        data = []
+        try:
+            with open(self.file_path, 'r', newline='', encoding='utf-8-sig') as f:
+                reader = csv.DictReader(f)
+                for row in reader:
+                    data.append(self._convert_row(row))
+        except:
+            pass
+        return data
+
+    def _ensure_file_exists(self) -> None:
+        if not os.path.exists(self.file_path):
+            with open(self.file_path, 'w', newline='', encoding='utf-8-sig') as f:
+                writer = csv.DictWriter(f, fieldnames=self.FIELD_TYPES.keys())
+                writer.writeheader()
+
+    def _convert_row(self, row: Dict[str, str]) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        converted = {}
+        for k, v in row.items():
+            if k in self.FIELD_TYPES:
+                try:
+                    converted[k] = self.FIELD_TYPES[k](v)
+                except:
+                    converted[k] = v
+            else:
+                converted[k] = v
+        return converted
+
+    def _save(self) -> None:
+        with open(self.file_path, 'w', newline='', encoding='utf-8-sig') as f:
+            writer = csv.DictWriter(f, fieldnames=self.FIELD_TYPES.keys())
+            writer.writeheader()
+            for s in self.data:
+                writer.writerow(s)
+
+    def get_by_id(self, id_number: str) -> Optional[Dict[str, Any]]:
+        for s in self.data:
+            if s.get('id_number') == id_number:
+                return deepcopy(s)
+        return None
+
+    def get_by_stu_id(self, stu_id: str) -> Optional[Dict[str, Any]]:
+        for s in self.data:
+            if s.get('stu_id') == stu_id:
+                return deepcopy(s)
+        return None
+
+    def get_all(self) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
+        return [deepcopy(s) for s in self.data]
+
+    def add(self, student: Dict[str, Any]) -> bool:
+        self.data.append(deepcopy(student))
+        self._save()
+        return True
+
+    def delete(self, id_number: str) -> bool:
+        for i, s in enumerate(self.data):
+            if s.get('id_number') == id_number:
+                del self.data[i]
+                self._save()
+                return True
+        return False
+
+    def delete_by_stu_id(self, stu_id: str) -> bool:
+        for i, s in enumerate(self.data):
+            if s.get('stu_id') == stu_id:
+                del self.data[i]
+                self._save()
+                return True
+        return False
+
+    def update(self, student: Dict[str, Any]) -> bool:
+        for i, s in enumerate(self.data):
+            if s.get('id_number') == student.get('id_number'):
+                self.data[i] = deepcopy(student)
+                self._save()
+                return True
+        return False
+
+
+class StudentBLL:
+    def __init__(self, file_path: str):
+        self.dal = self._get_dal(file_path)
+
+    def _get_dal(self, file_path: str) -> IStudentDAL:
+        ext = os.path.splitext(file_path)[1].lower()
+        if ext == '.json':
+            return JsonStudentDAL(file_path)
+        elif ext == '.csv':
+            return CsvStudentDAL(file_path)
+        else:
+            raise ValueError(f"不支持的文件类型: {ext}，请使用.json或.csv")
+
+    def _validate_student(self, student: Student) -> None:
+        errors = student.validate()
+        if errors:
+            raise ValueError(f"学生信息校验失败: {', '.join(errors)}")
+
+    def _check_uniqueness(self, student: Student) -> None:
+        all_students = self.dal.get_all()
+        if any(s.get('id_number') == student.id_number for s in all_students):
+            raise ValueError(f"身份证号 {student.id_number} 已存在")
+        if any(s.get('stu_id') == student.stu_id for s in all_students):
+            raise ValueError(f"学号 {student.stu_id} 已存在")
+
+    def add(self, student: Student) -> bool:
+        self._validate_student(student)
+        self._check_uniqueness(student)
+        return self.dal.add(student.to_dict())
+
+    def delete(self, id_number: str) -> bool:
+        if not self.dal.get_by_id(id_number):
+            raise ValueError(f"学生（身份证号: {id_number}）不存在")
+        return self.dal.delete(id_number)
+
+    def delete_by_stu_id(self, stu_id: str) -> bool:
+        if not self.dal.get_by_stu_id(stu_id):
+            raise ValueError(f"学生（学号: {stu_id}）不存在")
+        return self.dal.delete_by_stu_id(stu_id)
+
+    def update(self, student: Student) -> bool:
+        self._validate_student(student)
+        if not self.dal.get_by_id(student.id_number):
+            raise ValueError(f"学生（身份证号: {student.id_number}）不存在")
+        all_students = self.dal.get_all()
+        if any(s.get('stu_id') == student.stu_id and s.get('id_number') != student.id_number for s in all_students):
+            raise ValueError(f"学号 {student.stu_id} 已被其他学生使用")
+        return self.dal.update(student.to_dict())
+
+    def update_partial(self, id_number: str, fields: Dict[str, Any]) -> bool:
+        student = self.dal.get_by_id(id_number)
+        if not student:
+            raise ValueError(f"学生（身份证号: {id_number}）不存在")
+        updated = deepcopy(student)
+        for k, v in fields.items():
+            if k == 'id_number':
+                raise ValueError("身份证号不允许直接修改")
+            updated[k] = v
+        if 'stu_id' in fields:
+            all_students = self.dal.get_all()
+            if any(s.get('stu_id') == fields['stu_id'] and s.get('id_number') != id_number for s in all_students):
+                raise ValueError(f"学号 {fields['stu_id']} 已被其他学生使用")
+        partial_student = Student(updated)
+        self._validate_student(partial_student)
+        return self.dal.update(partial_student.to_dict())
+
+    def get_by_id(self, id_number: str) -> Optional[Student]:
+        data = self.dal.get_by_id(id_number)
+        return Student(data) if data else None
+
+    def get_by_stu_id(self, stu_id: str) -> Optional[Student]:
+        data = self.dal.get_by_stu_id(stu_id)
+        return Student(data) if data else None
+
+    def get_all(self) -> List[Student]:
+        return [Student(deepcopy(s)) for s in self.dal.get_all()]
+
+    def get_by_key(self, field: str, value: str, fuzzy: bool = False) -> List[Student]:
+        all_students = self.dal.get_all()
+        result = []
+        for s in all_students:
+            if field not in s:
+                continue
+            s_value = str(s[field])
+            if fuzzy:
+                if value in s_value:
+                    result.append(Student(deepcopy(s)))
+            else:
+                if s_value == value:
+                    result.append(Student(deepcopy(s)))
+        return result
+
+    def get_by_range(self, field: str, min_val: Any, max_val: Any) -> List[Student]:
+        all_students = self.dal.get_all()
+        result = []
+        for s in all_students:
+            if field not in s:
+                continue
+            try:
+                s_value = s[field]
+                if min_val <= s_value <= max_val:
+                    result.append(Student(deepcopy(s)))
+            except (TypeError, ValueError):
+                continue
+        return result
+
+    def export_to_json(self, file_path: str) -> bool:
+        all_data = [s.to_dict() for s in self.get_all()]
+        try:
+            dal = JsonStudentDAL(file_path)
+            return dal.export_to_json(all_data, file_path)
+        except:
+            return False
+
+    def import_from_json(self, file_path: str) -> List[str]:
+        errors = []
+        try:
+            dal = JsonStudentDAL(file_path)
+            data_list = dal.import_from_json(file_path)
+            for data in data_list:
+                try:
+                    student = Student(data)
+                    self._validate_student(student)
+                    self._check_uniqueness(student)
+                    self.dal.add(student.to_dict())
+                except Exception as e:
+                    errors.append(f"导入失败：{data.get('id_number', '无ID')} - {str(e)}")
+            return errors
+        except Exception as e:
+            errors.append(f"导入文件错误：{str(e)}")
+            return errors
+
+    def export_to_csv(self, file_path: str) -> bool:
+        all_data = [s.to_dict() for s in self.get_all()]
+        try:
+            dal = CsvStudentDAL(file_path)
+            return dal.export_to_csv(all_data, file_path)
+        except:
+            return False
+
+    def import_from_csv(self, file_path: str) -> List[str]:
+        errors = []
+        try:
+            dal = CsvStudentDAL(file_path)
+            data_list = dal.import_from_csv(file_path)
+            for data in data_list:
+                try:
+                    student = Student(data)
+                    self._validate_student(student)
+                    self._check_uniqueness(student)
+                    self.dal.add(student.to_dict())
+                except Exception as e:
+                    errors.append(f"导入失败：{data.get('id_number', '无ID')} - {str(e)}")
+            return errors
+        except Exception as e:
+            errors.append(f"导入文件错误：{str(e)}")
+            return errors

stumis/dal/studentDAL.py

@@ -0,0 +1,241 @@
+from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
+import json
+import csv
+
+
+class IStudentDAL(ABC):
+    @abstractmethod
+    def get_by_id(self, id_number):
+        pass
+    @abstractmethod
+    def get_by_stu_id(self, stu_id):
+        pass
+    @abstractmethod
+    def get_all(self):
+        pass
+    @abstractmethod
+    def add(self, student):
+        pass
+    @abstractmethod
+    def delete(self, id_number):
+        pass
+    @abstractmethod
+    def delete_by_stu_id(self, stu_id):
+        pass
+    @abstractmethod
+    def update(self, student):
+        pass
+    @abstractmethod
+    def is_exist(self, id_number):
+        pass
+    @abstractmethod
+    def is_exist_stu_id(self, stu_id):
+        pass
+    @abstractmethod
+    def import_from_json(self, file_path):
+        pass
+    @abstractmethod
+    def export_to_json(self, data, file_path):
+        pass
+    @abstractmethod
+    def import_from_csv(self, file_path):
+        pass
+    @abstractmethod
+    def export_to_csv(self, data, file_path):
+        pass
+
+
+class JsonStudentDAL(IStudentDAL):
+    def __init__(self, file_path):
+        self.file_path = file_path
+        self._ensure_file_exists()
+        self.data = self._load()
+    def _ensure_file_exists(self):
+        try:
+            with open(self.file_path, 'x'):
+                pass
+        except FileExistsError:
+            pass
+    def _load(self):
+        try:
+            with open(self.file_path, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
+                return json.load(f)
+        except (json.JSONDecodeError, FileNotFoundError):
+            return []
+    def _save(self):
+        with open(self.file_path, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
+            json.dump(self.data, f, ensure_ascii=False, indent=4)
+    def get_by_id(self, id_number):
+        for student in self.data:
+            if student['id_number'] == id_number:
+                return student
+        return None
+    def get_by_stu_id(self, stu_id):
+        for student in self.data:
+            if student['stu_id'] == stu_id:
+                return student
+        return None
+    def get_all(self):
+        return self.data
+    def add(self, student):
+        if self.is_exist(student['id_number']):
+            return False
+        self.data.append(student)
+        self._save()
+        return True
+    def delete(self, id_number):
+        for index, student in enumerate(self.data):
+            if student['id_number'] == id_number:
+                del self.data[index]
+                self._save()
+                return True
+        return False
+    def delete_by_stu_id(self, stu_id):
+        for index, student in enumerate(self.data):
+            if student['stu_id'] == stu_id:
+                del self.data[index]
+                self._save()
+                return True
+        return False
+    def update(self, student):
+        for index, existing_student in enumerate(self.data):
+            if existing_student['id_number'] == student['id_number']:
+                self.data[index] = student
+                self._save()
+                return True
+        return False
+    def is_exist(self, id_number):
+        for student in self.data:
+            if student['id_number'] == id_number:
+                return True
+        return False
+    def is_exist_stu_id(self, stu_id):
+        for student in self.data:
+            if student['stu_id'] == stu_id:
+                return True
+        return False
+    def import_from_json(self, file_path):
+        try:
+            with open(file_path, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
+                return json.load(f)
+        except (json.JSONDecodeError, FileNotFoundError):
+            return []
+    def export_to_json(self, data, file_path):
+        try:
+            with open(file_path, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
+                json.dump(data, f, ensure_ascii=False, indent=4)
+            return True
+        except IOError:
+            return False
+class CsvStudentDAL(IStudentDAL):
+    FIELD_TYPES = {
+        "id_number": str,
+        "stu_id": str,
+        "name": str,
+        "age": int,
+        "gender": str
+    }
+    def __init__(self, file_path):
+        self.file_path = file_path
+        self._ensure_file_exists()
+        self.data = self._load()
+    def _ensure_file_exists(self):
+        try:
+            with open(self.file_path, 'x', newline='', encoding='utf-8-sig') as f:
+                writer = csv.DictWriter(f, fieldnames=self.FIELD_TYPES.keys())
+                writer.writeheader()
+        except FileExistsError:
+            pass
+    def _load(self):
+        data = []
+        try:
+            with open(self.file_path, 'r', newline='', encoding='utf-8-sig') as f:
+                reader = csv.DictReader(f)
+                for row in reader:
+                    data.append(self._convert_row(row))
+        except FileNotFoundError:
+            pass
+        return data
+    def _save(self):
+        with open(self.file_path, 'w', newline='', encoding='utf-8-sig') as f:
+            writer = csv.DictWriter(f, fieldnames=self.FIELD_TYPES.keys())
+            writer.writeheader()
+            for student in self.data:
+                writer.writerow(student)
+    def _convert_row(self, row):
+        converted_row = {}
+        for key, value in row.items():
+            try:
+                converted_row[key] = self.FIELD_TYPES[key](value)
+            except ValueError:
+                converted_row[key] = value
+        return converted_row
+    def get_by_id(self, id_number):
+        for student in self.data:
+            if student['id_number'] == id_number:
+                return student
+        return None
+    def get_by_stu_id(self, stu_id):
+        for student in self.data:
+            if student['stu_id'] == stu_id:
+                return student
+        return None
+    def get_all(self):
+        return self.data
+    def add(self, student):
+        if self.is_exist(student['id_number']):
+            return False
+        self.data.append(student)
+        self._save()
+        return True
+    def delete(self, id_number):
+        for index, student in enumerate(self.data):
+            if student['id_number'] == id_number:
+                del self.data[index]
+                self._save()
+                return True
+        return False
+    def delete_by_stu_id(self, stu_id):
+        for index, student in enumerate(self.data):
+            if student['stu_id'] == stu_id:
+                del self.data[index]
+                self._save()
+                return True
+        return False
+    def update(self, student):
+        for index, existing_student in enumerate(self.data):
+            if existing_student['id_number'] == student['id_number']:
+                self.data[index] = student
+                self._save()
+                return True
+        return False
+    def is_exist(self, id_number):
+        for student in self.data:
+            if student['id_number'] == id_number:
+                return True
+        return False
+    def is_exist_stu_id(self, stu_id):
+        for student in self.data:
+            if student['stu_id'] == stu_id:
+                return True
+        return False
+    def import_from_csv(self, file_path):
+        data = []
+        try:
+            with open(file_path, 'r', newline='', encoding='utf-8-sig') as f:
+                reader = csv.DictReader(f)
+                for row in reader:
+                    data.append(self._convert_row(row))
+        except FileNotFoundError:
+            pass
+        return data
+    def export_to_csv(self, data, file_path):
+        try:
+            with open(file_path, 'w', newline='', encoding='utf-8-sig') as f:
+                writer = csv.DictWriter(f, fieldnames=self.FIELD_TYPES.keys())
+                writer.writeheader()
+                for student in data:
+                    writer.writerow(student)
+            return True
+        except IOError:
+            return False

stumis/main.py

@@ -0,0 +1,438 @@
+from datetime import date
+import os
+from typing import List, Dict, Optional, Any, Union
+
+
+class StudentUI:
+    """学生信息管理系统表示层"""
+
+    def __init__(self, bll):
+        """初始化UI层，接收业务逻辑层实例"""
+        self.bll = bll
+
+    def display_menu(self) -> None:
+        """显示主菜单"""
+        print("\n" + "=" * 40)
+        print("学生信息管理系统 - 主菜单")
+        print("=" * 40)
+        print("1. 添加学生信息")
+        print("2. 删除学生信息")
+        print("3. 更新学生信息")
+        print("4. 查询学生信息")
+        print("5. 统计分析")
+        print("6. 数据导入导出")
+        print("7. 清空所有学生信息")
+        print("8. 退出系统")
+        print("=" * 40)
+
+    def display_query_menu(self) -> None:
+        """显示查询子菜单"""
+        print("\n" + "=" * 40)
+        print("学生信息查询菜单")
+        print("=" * 40)
+        print("1. 查询所有学生")
+        print("2. 按身份证号查询")
+        print("3. 按学号查询")
+        print("4. 按姓名查询")
+        print("5. 按班级查询")
+        print("6. 返回上一级菜单")
+        print("=" * 40)
+
+    def display_stats_menu(self) -> None:
+        """显示统计分析子菜单"""
+        print("\n" + "=" * 40)
+        print("学生信息统计分析菜单")
+        print("=" * 40)
+        print("1. 学生总数")
+        print("2. 平均身高")
+        print("3. 按身高范围统计")
+        print("4. 按入学年份统计")
+        print("5. 按年龄范围统计")
+        print("6. 返回上一级菜单")
+        print("=" * 40)
+
+    def display_import_export_menu(self) -> None:
+        print("\n" + "=" * 40)
+        print("数据导入导出菜单")
+        print("=" * 40)
+        print("1. 导出数据到JSON")
+        print("2. 从JSON导入数据")
+        print("3. 导出数据到CSV")
+        print("4. 从CSV导入数据")
+        print("5. 返回上一级菜单")
+        print("=" * 40)
+
+    def get_input(self, prompt: str, required: bool = True) -> Optional[str]:
+        while True:
+            value = input(prompt).strip()
+            if not value and required:
+                print("输入不能为空，请重新输入")
+                continue
+            return value if value else None
+
+    def get_numeric_input(self, prompt: str, min_val: Optional[float] = None, max_val: Optional[float] = None) -> \
+    Optional[float]:
+        while True:
+            value = self.get_input(prompt)
+            if value is None:
+                return None
+            try:
+                num = float(value)
+                if min_val is not None and num < min_val:
+                    print(f"输入值必须大于等于{min_val}")
+                    continue
+                if max_val is not None and num > max_val:
+                    print(f"输入值必须小于等于{max_val}")
+                    continue
+                return num
+            except ValueError:
+                print("请输入有效的数字")
+
+    def get_date_input(self, prompt: str) -> Optional[date]:
+        while True:
+            value = self.get_input(prompt)
+            if value is None:
+                return None
+            try:
+                return date.fromisoformat(value)
+            except ValueError:
+                print("请输入有效的日期（YYYY-MM-DD格式）")
+
+    def add_student(self) -> None:
+        print("\n" + "=" * 40)
+        print("添加学生信息")
+        print("=" * 40)
+
+        sid = self.get_input("请输入学号: ")
+        name = self.get_input("请输入姓名: ")
+        height = self.get_numeric_input("请输入身高(cm): ", min_val=50, max_val=250)
+        birth_date = self.get_date_input("请输入出生日期(YYYY-MM-DD): ")
+        enrollment_date = self.get_date_input("请输入入学日期(YYYY-MM-DD): ")
+        class_name = self.get_input("请输入班级: ")
+
+        student_data = {
+            'sid': sid,
+            'name': name,
+            'height': int(height),
+            'birth_date': birth_date,
+            'enrollment_date': enrollment_date,
+            'class_name': class_name
+        }
+
+        try:
+            student = Student.from_dict(student_data)
+            success = self.bll.add(student)
+            if success:
+                print("✅ 学生信息添加成功")
+            else:
+                print("❌ 学生信息添加失败")
+        except Exception as e:
+            print(f"❌ 添加失败: {str(e)}")
+
+    def delete_student(self) -> None:
+        print("\n" + "=" * 40)
+        print("删除学生信息")
+        print("=" * 40)
+
+        id_number = self.get_input("请输入要删除的学生身份证号: ")
+
+        try:
+            success = self.bll.delete(id_number)
+            if success:
+                print("✅ 学生信息删除成功")
+            else:
+                print("❌ 学生信息删除失败")
+        except Exception as e:
+            print(f"❌ 删除失败: {str(e)}")
+
+    def update_student(self) -> None:
+        print("\n" + "=" * 40)
+        print("更新学生信息")
+        print("=" * 40)
+
+        id_number = self.get_input("请输入要更新的学生身份证号: ")
+
+        try:
+            student = self.bll.get_by_id(id_number)
+            if not student:
+                print(f"❌ 未找到身份证号为{id_number}的学生")
+                return
+
+            print("\n当前学生信息:")
+            print(f"学号: {student.sid}")
+            print(f"姓名: {student.name}")
+            print(f"身高: {student.height}cm")
+            print(f"出生日期: {student.birth_date}")
+            print(f"入学日期: {student.enrollment_date}")
+            print(f"班级: {student.class_name}")
+
+            print("\n请输入新信息（直接回车保持原值）:")
+            sid = self.get_input(f"学号 [{student.sid}]: ", required=False) or student.sid
+            name = self.get_input(f"姓名 [{student.name}]: ", required=False) or student.name
+            height = self.get_numeric_input(f"身高 [{student.height}]: ", min_val=50, max_val=250)
+            height = int(height) if height is not None else student.height
+            birth_date = self.get_date_input(f"出生日期 [{student.birth_date}]: ") or student.birth_date
+            enrollment_date = self.get_date_input(f"入学日期 [{student.enrollment_date}]: ") or student.enrollment_date
+            class_name = self.get_input(f"班级 [{student.class_name}]: ", required=False) or student.class_name
+
+            updated_data = {
+                'id_number': id_number,
+                'sid': sid,
+                'name': name,
+                'height': height,
+                'birth_date': birth_date,
+                'enrollment_date': enrollment_date,
+                'class_name': class_name
+            }
+
+            updated_student = Student.from_dict(updated_data)
+            success = self.bll.update(updated_student)
+
+            if success:
+                print("✅ 学生信息更新成功")
+            else:
+                print("❌ 学生信息更新失败")
+
+        except Exception as e:
+            print(f"❌ 更新失败: {str(e)}")
+
+    def query_student(self) -> None:
+        while True:
+            self.display_query_menu()
+            choice = self.get_input("请选择操作(1-6): ")
+
+            try:
+                if choice == "1":
+                    students = self.bll.get_all()
+                    self._display_students(students)
+                elif choice == "2":
+                    id_number = self.get_input("请输入身份证号: ")
+                    student = self.bll.get_by_id(id_number)
+                    if student:
+                        self._display_students([student])
+                    else:
+                        print(f"❌ 未找到身份证号为{id_number}的学生")
+                elif choice == "3":
+                    stu_id = self.get_input("请输入学号: ")
+                    student = self.bll.get_by_stu_id(stu_id)
+                    if student:
+                        self._display_students([student])
+                    else:
+                        print(f"❌ 未找到学号为{stu_id}的学生")
+                elif choice == "4":
+                    name = self.get_input("请输入姓名: ")
+                    students = self.bll.get_by_key("name", name, fuzzy=True)
+                    self._display_students(students)
+                elif choice == "5":
+                    class_name = self.get_input("请输入班级: ")
+                    students = self.bll.get_by_key("class_name", class_name, fuzzy=True)
+                    self._display_students(students)
+                elif choice == "6":
+                    break
+                else:
+                    print("❌ 无效选择，请重新输入")
+            except Exception as e:
+                print(f"❌ 查询失败: {str(e)}")
+
+    def _display_students(self, students: List[Student]) -> None:
+        if not students:
+            print("未找到符合条件的学生")
+            return
+
+        print("\n" + "-" * 80)
+        print(f"{'学号':<12}{'姓名':<12}{'身高(cm)':<10}{'出生日期':<12}{'入学日期':<12}{'班级':<12}")
+        print("-" * 80)
+        for student in students:
+            print(
+                f"{student.sid:<12}{student.name:<12}{student.height:<10}{student.birth_date:<12}{student.enrollment_date:<12}{student.class_name:<12}")
+        print("-" * 80)
+        print(f"共找到 {len(students)} 条记录")
+
+    def show_stats(self) -> None:
+        while True:
+            self.display_stats_menu()
+            choice = self.get_input("请选择操作(1-6): ")
+
+            try:
+                if choice == "1":
+                    students = self.bll.get_all()
+                    print(f"学生总数: {len(students)}")
+                elif choice == "2":
+                    students = self.bll.get_all()
+                    if not students:
+                        print("暂无学生数据")
+                        continue
+                    avg_height = sum(s.height for s in students) / len(students)
+                    print(f"平均身高: {avg_height:.2f}cm")
+                elif choice == "3":
+                    min_height = self.get_numeric_input("请输入最小身高(cm): ", min_val=50)
+                    max_height = self.get_numeric_input("请输入最大身高(cm): ", min_val=min_height)
+
+                    students = self.bll.get_by_range("height", min_height, max_height)
+                    print(f"身高在 {min_height}-{max_height}cm 之间的学生有 {len(students)} 人")
+                elif choice == "4":
+                    students = self.bll.get_all()
+                    if not students:
+                        print("暂无学生数据")
+                        continue
+
+                    year_count = {}
+                    for s in students:
+                        year = s.enrollment_date.year
+                        year_count[year] = year_count.get(year, 0) + 1
+
+                    print("\n按入学年份统计:")
+                    for year, count in sorted(year_count.items()):
+                        print(f"{year}年: {count}人")
+                elif choice == "5":
+                    today = date.today()
+                    min_age = int(self.get_numeric_input("请输入最小年龄: ", min_val=0))
+                    max_age = int(self.get_numeric_input("请输入最大年龄: ", min_val=min_age))
+
+                    students = self.bll.get_all()
+                    count = 0
+                    for s in students:
+                        age = today.year - s.birth_date.year
+                        if s.birth_date.month > today.month or (
+                                s.birth_date.month == today.month and s.birth_date.day > today.day):
+                            age -= 1
+                        if min_age <= age <= max_age:
+                            count += 1
+
+                    print(f"年龄在 {min_age}-{max_age} 岁之间的学生有 {count} 人")
+                elif choice == "6":
+                    break
+                else:
+                    print("❌ 无效选择，请重新输入")
+            except Exception as e:
+                print(f"❌ 统计失败: {str(e)}")
+
+    def import_export_data(self) -> None:
+        while True:
+            self.display_import_export_menu()
+            choice = self.get_input("请选择操作(1-5): ")
+
+            try:
+                if choice == "1":
+                    file_path = self.get_input("请输入导出文件名: ", required=False) or "students.json"
+                    if not file_path.endswith('.json'):
+                        file_path += '.json'
+
+                    success = self.bll.export_to_json(file_path)
+                    if success:
+                        print(f"✅ 数据已成功导出到 {file_path}")
+                    else:
+                        print(f"❌ 数据导出失败")
+                elif choice == "2":
+                    file_path = self.get_input("请输入导入文件名: ", required=False) or "students.json"
+                    if not file_path.endswith('.json'):
+                        file_path += '.json'
+
+                    if not os.path.exists(file_path):
+                        print(f"❌ 文件 {file_path} 不存在")
+                        continue
+
+                    errors = self.bll.import_from_json(file_path)
+                    if not errors:
+                        print(f"✅ 数据已成功导入")
+                    else:
+                        print(f"⚠️ 数据导入完成，但有 {len(errors)} 条记录失败:")
+                        for error in errors:
+                            print(f"   - {error}")
+                elif choice == "3":
+                    file_path = self.get_input("请输入导出文件名: ", required=False) or "students.csv"
+                    if not file_path.endswith('.csv'):
+                        file_path += '.csv'
+
+                    success = self.bll.export_to_csv(file_path)
+                    if success:
+                        print(f"✅ 数据已成功导出到 {file_path}")
+                    else:
+                        print(f"❌ 数据导出失败")
+                elif choice == "4":
+                    file_path = self.get_input("请输入导入文件名: ", required=False) or "students.csv"
+                    if not file_path.endswith('.csv'):
+                        file_path += '.csv'
+
+                    if not os.path.exists(file_path):
+                        print(f"❌ 文件 {file_path} 不存在")
+                        continue
+
+                    errors = self.bll.import_from_csv(file_path)
+                    if not errors:
+                        print(f"✅ 数据已成功导入")
+                    else:
+                        print(f"⚠️ 数据导入完成，但有 {len(errors)} 条记录失败:")
+                        for error in errors:
+                            print(f"   - {error}")
+                elif choice == "5":
+                    break
+                else:
+                    print("❌ 无效选择，请重新输入")
+            except Exception as e:
+                print(f"❌ 操作失败: {str(e)}")
+
+    def clear_students(self) -> None:
+        print("\n" + "=" * 40)
+        print("清空所有学生信息")
+        print("=" * 40)
+
+        confirm = self.get_input("警告：此操作将删除所有学生信息，且无法恢复。是否继续？(y/n): ")
+        if confirm.lower() != 'y':
+            print("❌ 操作已取消")
+            return
+
+        try:
+            success = self.bll.clear_all()
+            if success:
+                print("✅ 所有学生信息已清空")
+            else:
+                print("❌ 清空操作失败")
+        except Exception as e:
+            print(f"❌ 清空失败: {str(e)}")
+
+    def run(self) -> None:
+        print("\n" + "=" * 40)
+        print("欢迎使用学生信息管理系统")
+        print("=" * 40)
+
+        while True:
+            self.display_menu()
+            choice = self.get_input("请选择操作(1-8): ")
+
+            try:
+                if choice == "1":
+                    self.add_student()
+                elif choice == "2":
+                    self.delete_student()
+                elif choice == "3":
+                    self.update_student()
+                elif choice == "4":
+                    self.query_student()
+                elif choice == "5":
+                    self.show_stats()
+                elif choice == "6":
+                    self.import_export_data()
+                elif choice == "7":
+                    self.clear_students()
+                elif choice == "8":
+                    confirm = self.get_input("确定要退出系统吗？(y/n): ")
+                    if confirm.lower() == 'y':
+                        print("感谢使用学生信息管理系统，再见！")
+                        break
+                else:
+                    print("❌ 无效选择，请重新输入")
+            except Exception as e:
+                print(f"❌ 操作失败: {str(e)}")
+            finally:
+                input("\n按回车键继续...")
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+
+    data_file = input("请输入数据文件路径（默认students.json）: ") or "students.json"
+
+    bll = StudentBLL(data_file)
+    ui = StudentUI(bll)
+
+    ui.run()

stumis/model/student.py

@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+from datetime import date
+from typing import Optional, Dict, Any
+
+
+class Student:
+    def __init__(
+            self, name: str, id_card: str, stu_id: str,
+            gender: Optional[bool] = None, height: Optional[int] = None,
+            weight: Optional[float] = None, enrollment_date: Optional[str] = None,
+            class_name: Optional[str] = None, major: Optional[str] = None
+    ):
+        self.name = name
+        self.id_card = id_card
+        self.stu_id = stu_id
+        self.gender = gender
+        self.height = height
+        self.weight = weight
+
+        if enrollment_date:
+            if isinstance(enrollment_date, str):
+                self.enrollment_date = date.fromisoformat(enrollment_date)
+            else:
+                self.enrollment_date = enrollment_date
+        else:
+            self.enrollment_date = None
+
+        self.class_name = class_name
+        self.major = major
+
+    @property
+    def birthday(self) -> Optional[date]:
+        if not self.id_card or len(self.id_card) != 18:
+            return None
+        try:
+            birth_str = self.id_card[6:14]
+            return date(int(birth_str[:4]), int(birth_str[4:6]), int(birth_str[6:8]))
+        except:
+            return None
+
+    @property
+    def age(self) -> Optional[int]:
+        if not self.birthday:
+            return None
+        today = date.today()
+        age = today.year - self.birthday.year
+        if (today.month, today.day) < (self.birthday.month, self.birthday.day):
+            age -= 1
+        return age
+
+    @property
+    def errors(self) -> Dict[str, str]:
+        errors = {}
+        id_card_err = self.__validate_id_card(self.id_card)
+        if id_card_err:
+            errors["id_card"] = id_card_err
+        if len(self.name) < 2 or len(self.name) > 20:
+            errors["name"] = "姓名长度需在2-20字符之间"
+        if self.height and not (50 <= self.height <= 250):
+            errors["height"] = "身高需在50-250cm之间"
+        if self.weight and not (5.0 <= self.weight <= 300.0):
+            errors["weight"] = "体重需在5-300kg之间"
+        if self.enrollment_date and self.enrollment_date > date.today():
+            errors["enrollment_date"] = "入学日期不能晚于当前日期"
+        return errors
+
+    @property
+    def is_valid(self) -> bool:
+        return not bool(self.errors)
+
+    def to_dict(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        data = self.__dict__.copy()
+        if data.get("enrollment_date"):
+            data["enrollment_date"] = data["enrollment_date"].isoformat()
+        return data
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_dict(cls, data: Dict[str, Any]) -> 'Student':
+        if not isinstance(data, dict):
+            raise TypeError("输入必须为字典类型")
+        enrollment_date = data.get("enrollment_date")
+        if enrollment_date and isinstance(enrollment_date, str):
+            data["enrollment_date"] = date.fromisoformat(enrollment_date)
+        return cls(**data)
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        attrs = ", ".join([
+            f"{k}='{v}'" if isinstance(v, str) else f"{k}={v}"
+            for k, v in self.__dict__.items()
+        ])
+        return f"Student({attrs})"
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def get_properties() -> list:
+        return [k for k, v in vars(Student).items() if isinstance(v, property)]
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def __validate_id_card(id_card: str) -> Optional[str]:
+        if not id_card or len(id_card) != 18:
+            return "身份证号长度必须为18位"
+        if not id_card[:17].isdigit():
+            return "身份证号前17位必须为数字"
+        weights = [7, 9, 10, 5, 8, 4, 2, 1, 6, 3, 7, 9, 10, 5, 8, 4, 2]
+        check_codes = "10X98765432"
+        sum_val = sum(int(id_card[i]) * weights[i] for i in range(17))
+        if id_card[17] != check_codes[sum_val % 11]:
+            return "身份证号校验码错误"
+        try:
+            birth_str = id_card[6:14]
+            date(int(birth_str[:4]), int(birth_str[4:6]), int(birth_str[6:8]))
+        except:
+            return "身份证号中出生日期格式错误"
+        return None

stumis/ui/studentUI.py

@@ -0,0 +1,438 @@
+from datetime import date
+import os
+from typing import List, Dict, Optional, Any, Union
+
+
+class StudentUI:
+    """学生信息管理系统表示层"""
+
+    def __init__(self, bll):
+        """初始化UI层，接收业务逻辑层实例"""
+        self.bll = bll
+
+    def display_menu(self) -> None:
+        """显示主菜单"""
+        print("\n" + "=" * 40)
+        print("学生信息管理系统 - 主菜单")
+        print("=" * 40)
+        print("1. 添加学生信息")
+        print("2. 删除学生信息")
+        print("3. 更新学生信息")
+        print("4. 查询学生信息")
+        print("5. 统计分析")
+        print("6. 数据导入导出")
+        print("7. 清空所有学生信息")
+        print("8. 退出系统")
+        print("=" * 40)
+
+    def display_query_menu(self) -> None:
+        """显示查询子菜单"""
+        print("\n" + "=" * 40)
+        print("学生信息查询菜单")
+        print("=" * 40)
+        print("1. 查询所有学生")
+        print("2. 按身份证号查询")
+        print("3. 按学号查询")
+        print("4. 按姓名查询")
+        print("5. 按班级查询")
+        print("6. 返回上一级菜单")
+        print("=" * 40)
+
+    def display_stats_menu(self) -> None:
+        """显示统计分析子菜单"""
+        print("\n" + "=" * 40)
+        print("学生信息统计分析菜单")
+        print("=" * 40)
+        print("1. 学生总数")
+        print("2. 平均身高")
+        print("3. 按身高范围统计")
+        print("4. 按入学年份统计")
+        print("5. 按年龄范围统计")
+        print("6. 返回上一级菜单")
+        print("=" * 40)
+
+    def display_import_export_menu(self) -> None:
+        print("\n" + "=" * 40)
+        print("数据导入导出菜单")
+        print("=" * 40)
+        print("1. 导出数据到JSON")
+        print("2. 从JSON导入数据")
+        print("3. 导出数据到CSV")
+        print("4. 从CSV导入数据")
+        print("5. 返回上一级菜单")
+        print("=" * 40)
+
+    def get_input(self, prompt: str, required: bool = True) -> Optional[str]:
+        while True:
+            value = input(prompt).strip()
+            if not value and required:
+                print("输入不能为空，请重新输入")
+                continue
+            return value if value else None
+
+    def get_numeric_input(self, prompt: str, min_val: Optional[float] = None, max_val: Optional[float] = None) -> \
+    Optional[float]:
+        while True:
+            value = self.get_input(prompt)
+            if value is None:
+                return None
+            try:
+                num = float(value)
+                if min_val is not None and num < min_val:
+                    print(f"输入值必须大于等于{min_val}")
+                    continue
+                if max_val is not None and num > max_val:
+                    print(f"输入值必须小于等于{max_val}")
+                    continue
+                return num
+            except ValueError:
+                print("请输入有效的数字")
+
+    def get_date_input(self, prompt: str) -> Optional[date]:
+        while True:
+            value = self.get_input(prompt)
+            if value is None:
+                return None
+            try:
+                return date.fromisoformat(value)
+            except ValueError:
+                print("请输入有效的日期（YYYY-MM-DD格式）")
+
+    def add_student(self) -> None:
+        print("\n" + "=" * 40)
+        print("添加学生信息")
+        print("=" * 40)
+
+        sid = self.get_input("请输入学号: ")
+        name = self.get_input("请输入姓名: ")
+        height = self.get_numeric_input("请输入身高(cm): ", min_val=50, max_val=250)
+        birth_date = self.get_date_input("请输入出生日期(YYYY-MM-DD): ")
+        enrollment_date = self.get_date_input("请输入入学日期(YYYY-MM-DD): ")
+        class_name = self.get_input("请输入班级: ")
+
+        student_data = {
+            'sid': sid,
+            'name': name,
+            'height': int(height),
+            'birth_date': birth_date,
+            'enrollment_date': enrollment_date,
+            'class_name': class_name
+        }
+
+        try:
+            student = Student.from_dict(student_data)
+            success = self.bll.add(student)
+            if success:
+                print("✅ 学生信息添加成功")
+            else:
+                print("❌ 学生信息添加失败")
+        except Exception as e:
+            print(f"❌ 添加失败: {str(e)}")
+
+    def delete_student(self) -> None:
+        print("\n" + "=" * 40)
+        print("删除学生信息")
+        print("=" * 40)
+
+        id_number = self.get_input("请输入要删除的学生身份证号: ")
+
+        try:
+            success = self.bll.delete(id_number)
+            if success:
+                print("✅ 学生信息删除成功")
+            else:
+                print("❌ 学生信息删除失败")
+        except Exception as e:
+            print(f"❌ 删除失败: {str(e)}")
+
+    def update_student(self) -> None:
+        print("\n" + "=" * 40)
+        print("更新学生信息")
+        print("=" * 40)
+
+        id_number = self.get_input("请输入要更新的学生身份证号: ")
+
+        try:
+            student = self.bll.get_by_id(id_number)
+            if not student:
+                print(f"❌ 未找到身份证号为{id_number}的学生")
+                return
+
+            print("\n当前学生信息:")
+            print(f"学号: {student.sid}")
+            print(f"姓名: {student.name}")
+            print(f"身高: {student.height}cm")
+            print(f"出生日期: {student.birth_date}")
+            print(f"入学日期: {student.enrollment_date}")
+            print(f"班级: {student.class_name}")
+
+            print("\n请输入新信息（直接回车保持原值）:")
+            sid = self.get_input(f"学号 [{student.sid}]: ", required=False) or student.sid
+            name = self.get_input(f"姓名 [{student.name}]: ", required=False) or student.name
+            height = self.get_numeric_input(f"身高 [{student.height}]: ", min_val=50, max_val=250)
+            height = int(height) if height is not None else student.height
+            birth_date = self.get_date_input(f"出生日期 [{student.birth_date}]: ") or student.birth_date
+            enrollment_date = self.get_date_input(f"入学日期 [{student.enrollment_date}]: ") or student.enrollment_date
+            class_name = self.get_input(f"班级 [{student.class_name}]: ", required=False) or student.class_name
+
+            updated_data = {
+                'id_number': id_number,
+                'sid': sid,
+                'name': name,
+                'height': height,
+                'birth_date': birth_date,
+                'enrollment_date': enrollment_date,
+                'class_name': class_name
+            }
+
+            updated_student = Student.from_dict(updated_data)
+            success = self.bll.update(updated_student)
+
+            if success:
+                print("✅ 学生信息更新成功")
+            else:
+                print("❌ 学生信息更新失败")
+
+        except Exception as e:
+            print(f"❌ 更新失败: {str(e)}")
+
+    def query_student(self) -> None:
+        while True:
+            self.display_query_menu()
+            choice = self.get_input("请选择操作(1-6): ")
+
+            try:
+                if choice == "1":
+                    students = self.bll.get_all()
+                    self._display_students(students)
+                elif choice == "2":
+                    id_number = self.get_input("请输入身份证号: ")
+                    student = self.bll.get_by_id(id_number)
+                    if student:
+                        self._display_students([student])
+                    else:
+                        print(f"❌ 未找到身份证号为{id_number}的学生")
+                elif choice == "3":
+                    stu_id = self.get_input("请输入学号: ")
+                    student = self.bll.get_by_stu_id(stu_id)
+                    if student:
+                        self._display_students([student])
+                    else:
+                        print(f"❌ 未找到学号为{stu_id}的学生")
+                elif choice == "4":
+                    name = self.get_input("请输入姓名: ")
+                    students = self.bll.get_by_key("name", name, fuzzy=True)
+                    self._display_students(students)
+                elif choice == "5":
+                    class_name = self.get_input("请输入班级: ")
+                    students = self.bll.get_by_key("class_name", class_name, fuzzy=True)
+                    self._display_students(students)
+                elif choice == "6":
+                    break
+                else:
+                    print("❌ 无效选择，请重新输入")
+            except Exception as e:
+                print(f"❌ 查询失败: {str(e)}")
+
+    def _display_students(self, students: List[Student]) -> None:
+        if not students:
+            print("未找到符合条件的学生")
+            return
+
+        print("\n" + "-" * 80)
+        print(f"{'学号':<12}{'姓名':<12}{'身高(cm)':<10}{'出生日期':<12}{'入学日期':<12}{'班级':<12}")
+        print("-" * 80)
+        for student in students:
+            print(
+                f"{student.sid:<12}{student.name:<12}{student.height:<10}{student.birth_date:<12}{student.enrollment_date:<12}{student.class_name:<12}")
+        print("-" * 80)
+        print(f"共找到 {len(students)} 条记录")
+
+    def show_stats(self) -> None:
+        while True:
+            self.display_stats_menu()
+            choice = self.get_input("请选择操作(1-6): ")
+
+            try:
+                if choice == "1":
+                    students = self.bll.get_all()
+                    print(f"学生总数: {len(students)}")
+                elif choice == "2":
+                    students = self.bll.get_all()
+                    if not students:
+                        print("暂无学生数据")
+                        continue
+                    avg_height = sum(s.height for s in students) / len(students)
+                    print(f"平均身高: {avg_height:.2f}cm")
+                elif choice == "3":
+                    min_height = self.get_numeric_input("请输入最小身高(cm): ", min_val=50)
+                    max_height = self.get_numeric_input("请输入最大身高(cm): ", min_val=min_height)
+
+                    students = self.bll.get_by_range("height", min_height, max_height)
+                    print(f"身高在 {min_height}-{max_height}cm 之间的学生有 {len(students)} 人")
+                elif choice == "4":
+                    students = self.bll.get_all()
+                    if not students:
+                        print("暂无学生数据")
+                        continue
+
+                    year_count = {}
+                    for s in students:
+                        year = s.enrollment_date.year
+                        year_count[year] = year_count.get(year, 0) + 1
+
+                    print("\n按入学年份统计:")
+                    for year, count in sorted(year_count.items()):
+                        print(f"{year}年: {count}人")
+                elif choice == "5":
+                    today = date.today()
+                    min_age = int(self.get_numeric_input("请输入最小年龄: ", min_val=0))
+                    max_age = int(self.get_numeric_input("请输入最大年龄: ", min_val=min_age))
+
+                    students = self.bll.get_all()
+                    count = 0
+                    for s in students:
+                        age = today.year - s.birth_date.year
+                        if s.birth_date.month > today.month or (
+                                s.birth_date.month == today.month and s.birth_date.day > today.day):
+                            age -= 1
+                        if min_age <= age <= max_age:
+                            count += 1
+
+                    print(f"年龄在 {min_age}-{max_age} 岁之间的学生有 {count} 人")
+                elif choice == "6":
+                    break
+                else:
+                    print("❌ 无效选择，请重新输入")
+            except Exception as e:
+                print(f"❌ 统计失败: {str(e)}")
+
+    def import_export_data(self) -> None:
+        while True:
+            self.display_import_export_menu()
+            choice = self.get_input("请选择操作(1-5): ")
+
+            try:
+                if choice == "1":
+                    file_path = self.get_input("请输入导出文件名: ", required=False) or "students.json"
+                    if not file_path.endswith('.json'):
+                        file_path += '.json'
+
+                    success = self.bll.export_to_json(file_path)
+                    if success:
+                        print(f"✅ 数据已成功导出到 {file_path}")
+                    else:
+                        print(f"❌ 数据导出失败")
+                elif choice == "2":
+                    file_path = self.get_input("请输入导入文件名: ", required=False) or "students.json"
+                    if not file_path.endswith('.json'):
+                        file_path += '.json'
+
+                    if not os.path.exists(file_path):
+                        print(f"❌ 文件 {file_path} 不存在")
+                        continue
+
+                    errors = self.bll.import_from_json(file_path)
+                    if not errors:
+                        print(f"✅ 数据已成功导入")
+                    else:
+                        print(f"⚠️ 数据导入完成，但有 {len(errors)} 条记录失败:")
+                        for error in errors:
+                            print(f"   - {error}")
+                elif choice == "3":
+                    file_path = self.get_input("请输入导出文件名: ", required=False) or "students.csv"
+                    if not file_path.endswith('.csv'):
+                        file_path += '.csv'
+
+                    success = self.bll.export_to_csv(file_path)
+                    if success:
+                        print(f"✅ 数据已成功导出到 {file_path}")
+                    else:
+                        print(f"❌ 数据导出失败")
+                elif choice == "4":
+                    file_path = self.get_input("请输入导入文件名: ", required=False) or "students.csv"
+                    if not file_path.endswith('.csv'):
+                        file_path += '.csv'
+
+                    if not os.path.exists(file_path):
+                        print(f"❌ 文件 {file_path} 不存在")
+                        continue
+
+                    errors = self.bll.import_from_csv(file_path)
+                    if not errors:
+                        print(f"✅ 数据已成功导入")
+                    else:
+                        print(f"⚠️ 数据导入完成，但有 {len(errors)} 条记录失败:")
+                        for error in errors:
+                            print(f"   - {error}")
+                elif choice == "5":
+                    break
+                else:
+                    print("❌ 无效选择，请重新输入")
+            except Exception as e:
+                print(f"❌ 操作失败: {str(e)}")
+
+    def clear_students(self) -> None:
+        print("\n" + "=" * 40)
+        print("清空所有学生信息")
+        print("=" * 40)
+
+        confirm = self.get_input("警告：此操作将删除所有学生信息，且无法恢复。是否继续？(y/n): ")
+        if confirm.lower() != 'y':
+            print("❌ 操作已取消")
+            return
+
+        try:
+            success = self.bll.clear_all()
+            if success:
+                print("✅ 所有学生信息已清空")
+            else:
+                print("❌ 清空操作失败")
+        except Exception as e:
+            print(f"❌ 清空失败: {str(e)}")
+
+    def run(self) -> None:
+        print("\n" + "=" * 40)
+        print("欢迎使用学生信息管理系统")
+        print("=" * 40)
+
+        while True:
+            self.display_menu()
+            choice = self.get_input("请选择操作(1-8): ")
+
+            try:
+                if choice == "1":
+                    self.add_student()
+                elif choice == "2":
+                    self.delete_student()
+                elif choice == "3":
+                    self.update_student()
+                elif choice == "4":
+                    self.query_student()
+                elif choice == "5":
+                    self.show_stats()
+                elif choice == "6":
+                    self.import_export_data()
+                elif choice == "7":
+                    self.clear_students()
+                elif choice == "8":
+                    confirm = self.get_input("确定要退出系统吗？(y/n): ")
+                    if confirm.lower() == 'y':
+                        print("感谢使用学生信息管理系统，再见！")
+                        break
+                else:
+                    print("❌ 无效选择，请重新输入")
+            except Exception as e:
+                print(f"❌ 操作失败: {str(e)}")
+            finally:
+                input("\n按回车键继续...")
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+
+    data_file = input("请输入数据文件路径（默认students.json）: ") or "students.json"
+
+    bll = StudentBLL(data_file)
+    ui = StudentUI(bll)
+
+    ui.run()