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#include <stdio.h>
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#include <stdlib.h>
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#include <string.h>
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typedef struct {
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int rank; // 排名序号
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char num[20]; // 学号
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char name[10]; // 姓名
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int math_score; // 高数成绩
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int datastruct_score; // 数据结构成绩
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int English_score; // 英语成绩
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int physics_score; // 物理成绩
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float average; // 平均分
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} Student;
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typedef struct {
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Student *data;
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int length;
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} funlist;
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// 初始化线性表
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void initlist(funlist *l) {
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l->data = (Student *)malloc(100 * sizeof(Student));
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l->length = 0;
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}
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// 判断是否为空表
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int isempty(funlist *l) {
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return l->length == 0;
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}
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//输出一定数量的空格
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void printspace(){
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int i;
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for(i=0;i<60;i++){
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printf(" ");
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}
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}
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// 计算平均分
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float calculate_average(Student *s) {
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return (s->math_score + s->datastruct_score + s->English_score + s->physics_score) / 4.0f;
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}
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// 查找操作（按学号查找）二进制文件
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int find_by_num(char *num) {
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struct student_type{
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int rank; // 排名序号
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char num[20]; // 学号
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char name[10]; // 姓名
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int math_score; // 高数成绩
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int datastruct_score; // 数据结构成绩
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int English_score; // 英语成绩
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int physics_score; // 物理成绩
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float average; // 平均分
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} Student;
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FILE *fp;
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if((fp=fopen("studinfo.dat","rb+"))==NULL){
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printf("cannot open file\n");
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return 0;
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}
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while(!feof(fp))
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{
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if(fread(&Student,sizeof(struct student_type),1,fp))
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{
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if(strcmp(num,Student.num)==0)
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{
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printf("这个学生的信息为：\n");
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printf("学号:%-20s 姓名:%-10s 高数:%-3d 数据结构:%-3d 英语:%-3d 物理:%-3d 平均分:%-4.2f\n",Student.num,Student.name,Student.math_score,Student.datastruct_score,Student.English_score,Student.physics_score,Student.average);
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system("pause");
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fclose(fp);
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return 0;
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}
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}
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}
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printf("该学生信息不存在!\n");
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fclose(fp);
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return 0;
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}
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// 查找操作（按姓名查找）二进制文件
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int find_by_name(char *name) {
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struct student_type{
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int rank; // 排名序号
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char num[20]; // 学号
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char name[10]; // 姓名
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int math_score; // 高数成绩
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int datastruct_score; // 数据结构成绩
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int English_score; // 英语成绩
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int physics_score; // 物理成绩
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float average; // 平均分
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} Student;
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FILE *fp;
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if((fp=fopen("studinfo.dat","rb+"))==NULL){
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printf("cannot open file\n");
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return 0;
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}
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while(!feof(fp))
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{
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if(fread(&Student,sizeof(struct student_type),1,fp))
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{
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if(strcmp(name,Student.name)==0)
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{
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printf("这个学生的信息为：\n");
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printf("学号:%-20s 姓名:%-10s 高数:%-3d 数据结构:%-3d 英语:%-3d 物理:%-3d 平均分:%-4.2f\n",Student.num,Student.name,Student.math_score,Student.datastruct_score,Student.English_score,Student.physics_score,Student.average);
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system("pause");
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fclose(fp);
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return 0;
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}
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}
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}
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printf("该学生信息不存在!\n");
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fclose(fp);
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return 0;
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}
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//修改操作(按学号修改) (studinfo.dat二进制文件内容）
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int revisestudinfo_by_num(char *num){
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struct student_type{
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int rank; // 排名序号
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char num[20]; // 学号
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char name[10]; // 姓名
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int math_score; // 高数成绩
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int datastruct_score; // 数据结构成绩
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int English_score; // 英语成绩
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int physics_score; // 物理成绩
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float average; // 平均分
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} Student;
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FILE *fp;
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long offset=0; //定义一个变量offset,用于存放文件位置标记的偏移量
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if((fp=fopen("studinfo.dat","rb+"))==NULL){ //对二进制文件进行读写操作
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printf("cannot open file\n");
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return 0;
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}
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while(!feof(fp))
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{
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if(fread(&Student,sizeof(struct student_type),1,fp))
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{
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if(strcmp(num,Student.num)==0)
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{
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printf("原来这个学生的信息为：\n");
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printf("学号:%-20s 姓名:%-10s 高数:%-3d 数据结构:%-3d 英语:%-3d 物理:%-3d 平均分:%-4.2f\n",Student.num,Student.name,Student.math_score,Student.datastruct_score,Student.English_score,Student.physics_score,Student.average);
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offset=ftell(fp); //获取文件位置标记的当前位置，这个位置的值是一个字节数（从文件开头到当前位置的位移量大小。）
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//fseek(fp,-sizeof(struct student_type),SEEK_CUR); //把文件指针定位到这行信息的开头，SEEK_CUR常量表示文件末尾位置，也可用2表示
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fseek(fp,offset-sizeof(struct student_type),SEEK_SET); //把文件指针定位到这行信息的开头，SEEK_SET常量表示文件开始位置，也可用0表示
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printf("请输入修改的信息:\n");
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printf("请输入姓名:");
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scanf("%s",Student.name);
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printf("请输入学号:");
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scanf("%s",Student.num);
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printf("请输入高数成绩:");
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scanf("%d",&Student.math_score);
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printf("请输入数据结构成绩:");
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scanf("%d", &Student.datastruct_score);
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printf("请输入英语成绩:");
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scanf("%d", &Student.English_score);
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printf("请输入物理成绩:");
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scanf("%d", &Student.physics_score);
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Student.average=(Student.math_score+Student.datastruct_score+Student.English_score+Student.physics_score)/4.0;
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//Student.average=calculate_average(st); //调用calculate_average函数计算平均分
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fwrite(&Student,sizeof(struct student_type),1,fp); //重新修改这个学生信息并存入原来位置
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printf("修改成功！");
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system("pause");
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fclose(fp);
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return 0;
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}
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}
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}
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printf("该学生信息不存在!\n");
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fclose(fp);
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return 0;
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}
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//修改操作(按姓名修改) (studinfo.dat二进制文件内容）
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int revisestudinfo_by_name(char *name){
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struct student_type{
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int rank; // 排名序号
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char num[20]; // 学号
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char name[10]; // 姓名
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int math_score; // 高数成绩
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int datastruct_score; // 数据结构成绩
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int English_score; // 英语成绩
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int physics_score; // 物理成绩
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float average; // 平均分
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} Student;
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FILE *fp;
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long offset=0; //定义一个变量offset,用于存放文件位置标记的偏移量
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if((fp=fopen("studinfo.dat","rb+"))==NULL){ //对二进制文件进行读写操作
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printf("cannot open file\n");
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return 0;
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}
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while(!feof(fp))
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{
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if(fread(&Student,sizeof(struct student_type),1,fp))
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{
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if(strcmp(name,Student.name)==0)
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{
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printf("原来这个学生的信息为：\n");
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printf("学号:%-20s 姓名:%-10s 高数:%-3d 数据结构:%-3d 英语:%-3d 物理:%-3d 平均分:%-4.2f\n",Student.num,Student.name,Student.math_score,Student.datastruct_score,Student.English_score,Student.physics_score,Student.average);
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offset=ftell(fp); //获取文件位置标记的当前位置，这个位置的值是一个字节数（从文件开头到当前位置的位移量大小。）
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//fseek(fp,-sizeof(struct student_type),SEEK_CUR); //把文件指针定位到这行信息的开头，SEEK_CUR常量表示文件末尾位置，也可用2表示
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fseek(fp,offset-sizeof(struct student_type),SEEK_SET); //把文件指针定位到这行信息的开头，SEEK_SET常量表示文件开始位置，也可用0表示
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printf("请输入修改的信息:\n");
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printf("请输入姓名:");
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scanf("%s",Student.name);
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printf("请输入学号:");
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scanf("%s",Student.num);
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printf("请输入高数成绩:");
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scanf("%d",&Student.math_score);
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printf("请输入数据结构成绩:");
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scanf("%d", &Student.datastruct_score);
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printf("请输入英语成绩:");
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scanf("%d", &Student.English_score);
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printf("请输入物理成绩:");
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scanf("%d", &Student.physics_score);
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Student.average=(Student.math_score+Student.datastruct_score+Student.English_score+Student.physics_score)/4.0;
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//Student.average=calculate_average(st); //调用calculate_average函数计算平均分
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fwrite(&Student,sizeof(struct student_type),1,fp); //重新修改这个学生信息并存入原来位置
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printf("修改成功！");
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system("pause");
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fclose(fp);
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return 0;
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}
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}
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}
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printf("该学生信息不存在!\n");
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fclose(fp);
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return 0;
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}
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// 删除操作(按学号删除)
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int deleteelem(char *num) {
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char oldname[]="studinfo_temp.dat"; //定义一个临时文件
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char newname[]="studinfo.dat";
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struct student_type{
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int rank; // 排名序号
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char num[20]; // 学号
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char name[10]; // 姓名
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int math_score; // 高数成绩
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int datastruct_score; // 数据结构成绩
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int English_score; // 英语成绩
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int physics_score; // 物理成绩
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float average; // 平均分
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} Student;
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FILE *tfp;
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FILE *fp;
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int i;
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if((fp=fopen("studinfo.dat","rb"))==NULL){ //打开studinfo.dat文件 ，以只读方式打开，b参数代表二进制文件
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printf("cannot open file\n");
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return 0;
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}
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tfp=fopen("studinfo_temp.dat","ab"); //打开临时文件studinfo_temp ，以追加方式打开，b参数代表二进制文件
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while(!feof(fp))
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{
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if(fread(&Student,sizeof(struct student_type),1,fp)){
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if(strcmp(num,Student.num)!=0){
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if(fwrite(&Student,sizeof(struct student_type),1,tfp)!=1)
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printf("file write error\n");
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}
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}
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}
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fclose(fp);
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fclose(tfp);
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remove(newname);
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if(rename(oldname,newname)==0){
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printf("删除成功!\n");
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}
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else
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printf("删除失败!\n");
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return 1;
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}
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// 插入操作
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int listinsert(funlist *l, int i, Student e) {
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if (i < 1 || i > l->length + 1) {
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printf("位置不合法\n");
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return 0;
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}
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if (l->length >= 100) {
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printf("线性表已满\n");
|
|
|
|
|
return 0;
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
int j;
|
|
|
|
|
for (j = l->length - 1; j >= i - 1; j--) {
|
|
|
|
|
l->data[j + 1] = l->data[j];
|
|
|
|
|
// 向后移动排名
|
|
|
|
|
l->data[j + 1].rank = l->data[j].rank + 1;
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
// 计算并保存平均分
|
|
|
|
|
e.average = calculate_average(&e);
|
|
|
|
|
e.rank = i;
|
|
|
|
|
l->data[i - 1] = e;
|
|
|
|
|
l->length++;
|
|
|
|
|
return 1; // 返回1表示成功
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
// 按平均分从小到大排序（冒泡法）
|
|
|
|
|
void sort_by_average(){
|
|
|
|
|
struct student_type{
|
|
|
|
|
int rank; // 排名序号
|
|
|
|
|
char num[20]; // 学号
|
|
|
|
|
char name[10]; // 姓名
|
|
|
|
|
int math_score; // 高数成绩
|
|
|
|
|
int datastruct_score; // 数据结构成绩
|
|
|
|
|
int English_score; // 英语成绩
|
|
|
|
|
int physics_score; // 物理成绩
|
|
|
|
|
float average; // 平均分
|
|
|
|
|
}Stud[100];
|
|
|
|
|
FILE *fp;
|
|
|
|
|
int record=0;
|
|
|
|
|
int i,j;
|
|
|
|
|
struct student_type temp;
|
|
|
|
|
if((fp=fopen("studinfo.dat","rb"))==NULL) //打开studinfo.dat文件 ，以只读方式打开，b参数代表二进制文件
|
|
|
|
|
{
|
|
|
|
|
printf("cannot open file\n");
|
|
|
|
|
return;
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
while(!feof(fp))
|
|
|
|
|
{
|
|
|
|
|
if(fread(&Stud[record],sizeof(struct student_type),1,fp)){
|
|
|
|
|
record++;
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
for(i=0;i<record-1;i++){ //使用冒泡排序进行降序排序
|
|
|
|
|
for(j=0;j<record-1-i;j++){
|
|
|
|
|
if(Stud[j].average>Stud[j+1].average){
|
|
|
|
|
temp=Stud[j];
|
|
|
|
|
Stud[j]=Stud[j+1];
|
|
|
|
|
Stud[j+1]=temp;
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
printf("按平均分从小到大排名如下:\n");
|
|
|
|
|
for(i=0;i<record;i++){
|
|
|
|
|
Stud[i].rank=i+1;
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
for(i=0;i<record;i++)
|
|
|
|
|
printf("排名:%-4d 学号:%-20s 姓名:%-10s 高数:%-3d 数据结构:%-3d 英语:%-3d 物理:%-3d 平均分:%-4.2f\n",Stud[i].rank,Stud[i].num,Stud[i].name,Stud[i].math_score,Stud[i].datastruct_score,Stud[i].English_score,Stud[i].physics_score,Stud[i].average);
|
|
|
|
|
fclose(fp);
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
// 将数据添加到二进制文件，文件名为studinfo.dat
|
|
|
|
|
void save_binfile(funlist l, const char *filename) {
|
|
|
|
|
FILE *file = fopen(filename, "ab"); //以追加写模式打开二进制文件
|
|
|
|
|
if (file == NULL) {
|
|
|
|
|
printf("无法打开文件\n");
|
|
|
|
|
return;
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
for (int i = 0; i < l.length; i++) {
|
|
|
|
|
if(fwrite(&l.data[i],sizeof(Student),1,file)!=1)
|
|
|
|
|
printf("file write error\n");
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
fclose(file);
|
|
|
|
|
printf("数据已成功写入文件 %s\n", filename);
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
//显示所有信息(studinfo.dat的内容）
|
|
|
|
|
void liststudinfo()
|
|
|
|
|
{
|
|
|
|
|
struct student_type{
|
|
|
|
|
int rank; // 排名序号
|
|
|
|
|
char num[20]; // 学号
|
|
|
|
|
char name[10]; // 姓名
|
|
|
|
|
int math_score; // 高数成绩
|
|
|
|
|
int datastruct_score; // 数据结构成绩
|
|
|
|
|
int English_score; // 英语成绩
|
|
|
|
|
int physics_score; // 物理成绩
|
|
|
|
|
float average; // 平均分
|
|
|
|
|
} Student;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
FILE *fp;
|
|
|
|
|
int i;
|
|
|
|
|
if((fp=fopen("studinfo.dat","rb"))==NULL) //打开studinfo.dat文件 ，以只读方式打开，b参数代表二进制文件
|
|
|
|
|
{
|
|
|
|
|
printf("cannot open file\n");
|
|
|
|
|
return;
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
while(!feof(fp))
|
|
|
|
|
{
|
|
|
|
|
if(fread(&Student,sizeof(struct student_type),1,fp))
|
|
|
|
|
printf("学号:%-20s 姓名:%-10s 高数:%-3d 数据结构:%-3d 英语:%-3d 物理:%-3d 平均分:%-4.2f\n",Student.num,Student.name,Student.math_score,Student.datastruct_score,Student.English_score,Student.physics_score,Student.average);
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
fclose(fp);
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
int main() {
|
|
|
|
|
funlist L;
|
|
|
|
|
initlist(&L);
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
int choice;
|
|
|
|
|
char num[20];
|
|
|
|
|
char name[10];
|
|
|
|
|
int math_score;
|
|
|
|
|
int datastruct_score;
|
|
|
|
|
int English_score;
|
|
|
|
|
int physics_score;
|
|
|
|
|
int i;
|
|
|
|
|
printf("\n");
|
|
|
|
|
printspace();printf("********学生信息管理系统********\n");
|
|
|
|
|
printspace();printf(" 程序制作：吴子赫\n");
|
|
|
|
|
printf("\n\n");
|
|
|
|
|
printspace();printf("1.显示全部学生信息\n");
|
|
|
|
|
printspace();printf("2.添加学生信息\n");
|
|
|
|
|
printspace();printf("3.保存添加数据\n");
|
|
|
|
|
printspace();printf("4.删除学生信息\n");
|
|
|
|
|
printspace();printf("5.通过学号查询学生信息\n");
|
|
|
|
|
printspace();printf("6.通过姓名查询学生信息\n");
|
|
|
|
|
printspace();printf("7.通过学号修改学生信息\n");
|
|
|
|
|
printspace();printf("8.通过姓名修改学生信息\n");
|
|
|
|
|
printspace();printf("9.按平均分升序排列\n");
|
|
|
|
|
printspace();printf("10.退出系统\n");
|
|
|
|
|
printspace();printf("================================");
|
|
|
|
|
printf("\n\n");
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
while (1) {
|
|
|
|
|
printf("请输入操作选项:");
|
|
|
|
|
scanf("%d", &choice);
|
|
|
|
|
switch (choice) {
|
|
|
|
|
case 1:{
|
|
|
|
|
liststudinfo(); //显示全部学生信息 studinfo.dat的内容
|
|
|
|
|
printf("\n");
|
|
|
|
|
break;
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
case 2: {
|
|
|
|
|
Student e;
|
|
|
|
|
printf("请输入姓名:");
|
|
|
|
|
scanf("%s", name);
|
|
|
|
|
strcpy(e.name, name);
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
printf("请输入学号:");
|
|
|
|
|
scanf("%s", num);
|
|
|
|
|
strcpy(e.num, num);
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
printf("请输入高数成绩:");
|
|
|
|
|
scanf("%d", &math_score);
|
|
|
|
|
e.math_score = math_score;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
printf("请输入数据结构成绩:");
|
|
|
|
|
scanf("%d", &datastruct_score);
|
|
|
|
|
e.datastruct_score = datastruct_score;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
printf("请输入英语成绩:");
|
|
|
|
|
scanf("%d", &English_score);
|
|
|
|
|
e.English_score = English_score;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
printf("请输入物理成绩:");
|
|
|
|
|
scanf("%d", &physics_score);
|
|
|
|
|
e.physics_score = physics_score;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
printf("请输入想插入的位置(1-%d):\n", L.length + 1);
|
|
|
|
|
scanf("%d", &i);
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
if (listinsert(&L, i, e)) {
|
|
|
|
|
printf("输入成功！建议保存刚添加的数据。\n");
|
|
|
|
|
} else {
|
|
|
|
|
printf("插入失败\n");
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
printf("\n");
|
|
|
|
|
break;
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
case 3:{
|
|
|
|
|
save_binfile(L, "studinfo.dat"); // 写入二进制文件
|
|
|
|
|
free(L.data);
|
|
|
|
|
printf("\n");
|
|
|
|
|
break;
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
case 4: {
|
|
|
|
|
printf("输入想删除学生的学号:");
|
|
|
|
|
scanf("%s", num);
|
|
|
|
|
deleteelem(num);
|
|
|
|
|
break;
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
case 5:{
|
|
|
|
|
printf("输入待查学生的学号:");
|
|
|
|
|
scanf("%s", num);
|
|
|
|
|
find_by_num(num);
|
|
|
|
|
printf("\n");
|
|
|
|
|
break;
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
case 6:{
|
|
|
|
|
printf("输入待查学生的姓名:");
|
|
|
|
|
scanf("%s", name);
|
|
|
|
|
find_by_name(name);
|
|
|
|
|
printf("\n");
|
|
|
|
|
break;
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
case 7: {
|
|
|
|
|
printf("输入想修改的学生学号:");
|
|
|
|
|
scanf("%s", num);
|
|
|
|
|
revisestudinfo_by_num(num);
|
|
|
|
|
printf("\n");
|
|
|
|
|
break;
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
case 8: {
|
|
|
|
|
printf("输入想修改的学生姓名:");
|
|
|
|
|
scanf("%s", name);
|
|
|
|
|
revisestudinfo_by_name(name);
|
|
|
|
|
printf("\n");
|
|
|
|
|
break;
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
case 9: {
|
|
|
|
|
sort_by_average();
|
|
|
|
|
printf("\n");
|
|
|
|
|
break;
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
case 10:{
|
|
|
|
|
printf("退出系统\n");
|
|
|
|
|
free(L.data);
|
|
|
|
|
return 0;
|
|
|
|
|
break;
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
default:
|
|
|
|
|
printf("无效选项，请重新输入\n");
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
