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import requests
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# 设置请求头信息
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headers = {
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"user-agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/101.0.4951.64 Safari/537.36 Edg/101.0.1210.53"
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}
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import re
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# 存储内容
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message = []
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# 总共17个页面的数据
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for page in range(17):
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# 组装url # 请求的url
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if page == 0:
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# https://top.chinaz.com/gongsi/index_zhuce.html
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url = "https://top.chinaz.com/gongsi/index_zhuce.html"
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else:
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# https://top.chinaz.com/gongsi/index_zhuce_2.html
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url = "https://top.chinaz.com/gongsi/index_zhuce_{}.html".format(page + 1)
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# 使用reqeusts模快发起 GET 请求
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response = requests.get(url, headers=headers)
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# 获取请求的返回结果
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html = response.text
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# 使用 findall 函数来获取数据
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# 公司名
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# <a href="/company/ZhongGuoTieLu.html" target="_blank">中国铁路总公司</a></h3>
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company = re.findall('<a.*?target="_blank">(.+?)</a></h3>', html)
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# 注册资本
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# 注册资本：</span>103600000万人民币</p>
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money = re.findall('注册资本：</span>(.*?)</p>', html)
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# 对应项目的信息进行打包
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pageOne = list(zip(company, money))
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# 合并列表
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message.extend(pageOne)
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import csv
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with open("content01.csv", "w") as f:
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w = csv.writer(f)
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w.writerows(message)
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import pandas as pd
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# 读取数据
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df = pd.read_csv("content01.csv", names=["company", "money"], encoding='gbk')
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# 填充空元素
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df = df.fillna('0')
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# 注册资本单位转换
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company_all_top500=list(df.loc[0:499,'company'])
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money_all_top500=list(df.loc[0:499,'money'])
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money_all_number=[]
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for i in money_all_top500:
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p=''
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for j in i:
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if j in '0123456789.':
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p=p+j
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p=float(p)
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if '万' in i:
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p=int(p*10000+0.5)
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if '亿' in i:
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p=int(p*100000000+0.5)
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# 汇率取自2022年5月26日
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if '美元' in i:
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p=int(p*6.7388+0.5)
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if '港' in i:
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p=int(p*0.8585+0.5)
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money_all_number.append(p)
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data={'company':company_all_top500,'money':money_all_number}
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df=pd.DataFrame(data)
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df=df.sort_values(by=['money'],ascending=False)
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# 取注册资本最多的前二十公司名称和注册资本
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company_top20=df.iloc[0:20,0]
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money_top20=df.iloc[0:20,1]
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#公司名称竖状表示
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company_top20_y=[]
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for i in company_top20:
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s=''
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for j in i:
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p=j
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if j=='（':
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p='︵'
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if j=='）':
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p='︶'
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s=s+p+'\n'
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company_top20_y.append(s)
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# 在jupyter中直接展示图像
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import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
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# 步骤一（替换sans-serif字体）
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plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['SimHei']
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# 步骤二（解决坐标轴负数的负号显示问题）
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plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus'] = False
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plt.bar(range(20),money_top20)
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plt.xticks(range(20),company_top20_y)
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plt.yticks([2000e8,4000e8,6000e8,8000e8,10000e8],['2000','4000','6000','8000','10000'])
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plt.ylabel('注册资本/亿元')
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plt.title('中国500强公司注册资金前二十的公司及注册资金示意图')
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plt.show()
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